WO2004006647A1 - Device for picking and collecting corn ears - Google Patents

Device for picking and collecting corn ears Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004006647A1
WO2004006647A1 PCT/ES2003/000346 ES0300346W WO2004006647A1 WO 2004006647 A1 WO2004006647 A1 WO 2004006647A1 ES 0300346 W ES0300346 W ES 0300346W WO 2004006647 A1 WO2004006647 A1 WO 2004006647A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plants
pair
rollers
towards
starter
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Application number
PCT/ES2003/000346
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Justo URBÓN GASQUED
Original Assignee
Maquinaria Agrícola Y Accesorios, S.L. (Maya, S.L.)
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Application filed by Maquinaria Agrícola Y Accesorios, S.L. (Maya, S.L.) filed Critical Maquinaria Agrícola Y Accesorios, S.L. (Maya, S.L.)
Publication of WO2004006647A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004006647A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A01D45/021—Cornheaders

Definitions

  • the following Utility Model refers to a corncob starter harvesting device, so that the corncob starter collecting device is integrated in a module for incorporation into the corresponding harvesting head, whose harvesting head is mounted on the respective tractor vehicle to collect the corn fields.
  • the modules that make up the corresponding starter harvesting device of the corn cobs are incorporated into the corn harvesting heads, whose modules make up the scripts that carry out a first conduction of the reeds towards the cutting device of the same and for the detachment of the ears.
  • the starter harvesting device has great versatility, since by means of it it is possible to harvest the fields in any direction with respect to the rows of the reeds, that is, it is possible to carry out the harvest in parallel, perpendicular or obliquely , and regardless of the distance between the rows of the planted corn.
  • the starter harvesting device has the added added advantage that by means of it the harvesting of the lying corn is allowed without any problem and without damaging the product.
  • the corn cob starter harvesting device that is presented is applicable to all types of harvesting heads that can be attached to tractor vehicles for harvesting corn, so that the harvesting head is made up of a series of modules that define dashes finished off pointy.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, for harvesting corn, a harvesting head is coupled to a tractor vehicle, whose harvesting head has a series of pointed indents that allow driving from the plants to the milking or detachment means of the ears, so that the greater the width of the head, the greater collection capacity it will possess.
  • the means for detaching the cobs are defined by pairs of rollers on which the plants impinge, so that when these rollers are rotated aligned in the opposite direction, they cause the plants to descend so that the cobs come off when they meet their corresponding stop.
  • the means that guide the reeds towards the detachment and milking means are defined by pairs of chains.
  • the harvesting machine has to advance in a direction parallel to the rows, giving a row to each module (two rollers and two chains) with which there are They have to adapt the design of the machine (distance between rows) to the distance between the rows of the planted maize that is not the same in all the farms.
  • the detaching means of the ears that act on the reeds, causing their descent may incorporate means that produce the crumbling or breakage of the reeds, so that in this case, the pairs of rollers that cause the reeds to descend, They axially incorporate a series of blades, preferably four in number, which protrude radially, so that when the pair of rollers is turned in the opposite direction, while the reeds are lowered, they break, leaving them crumbled.
  • This cutting device has the drawback that when the blades of the respective rollers are out of phase, they do not produce the proper cut, which means that they have to be adjusted again, an operation that is performed by acting on the anchor bolts of the blades and once released you would adjust properly to re-anchor them with the corresponding screws.
  • a corn cob starter collecting device being of the type of corn cob collecting devices that are constituted by a harvesting head that can be coupled to the corresponding tractor vehicle, the harvesting head being defined by a series of harvesting modules that they materialize the cutting of the plants and the detachment of the ears of the cane for their conduction to a transverse collecting auger, so that each collecting module comprises a toothed cutting disk for the plants positioned inferiorly in proximity to the ground level, means for the displacement of the cut plants towards a pair of rollers that, turning in the opposite direction, move the plants downwards, causing the ears to detach when they come up against, on the descent of the plants, against a plate positioned superior to the pair of rollers , impacting on the said plate some rotating blades and pre lowering the pair of rollers some cutting blades of the reeds.
  • the means for moving the cut plants towards the pair of rollers that, turning in the opposite direction, move the plants downwards are defined by a rotating drum equipped with some plates provided with radial projections that in their turn drag and guide the cut plants, collaborating on it a pair of flexible cantilevered bodies, arranged on the front of them.
  • the pair of flexible bodies cantilevered in relation to the front of the drums carrying the turntables, which collaborate in driving the cut plants towards the pair of rollers that in the descent of the plants cause the detachment of the ears , they are fixed to the head chassis by a lower support to the toothed cutting disc of the plants, the aforementioned pair of bodies presenting a pointed end prolonged in two branches with a curved shape defining the guide path, so that in this way the avoid possible crowding of cut plants.
  • the number of flexible bodies cantilevered to guide cut plants may be variable.
  • each of the modules has a plate on which the ears come into contact in the descent of the plants causing their detachment, this this is so given that the existing space allows the passage of the canes but not that of the ears.
  • the great advantage of the harvesting head described is based on the fact that due to its structure, it is possible to harvest without any problem all those corn fields in which the plants are lying down without affecting (or at least the ears of corn).
  • Figure 1 Shows a front perspective view of a starter collecting head, being able to observe the different modules that make up the head.
  • Figure 2. Shows a side elevation view of a corncob starter harvester module, and its different components can be observed.
  • Figure 3 Shows a front view of a module related to a corn cob starter harvesting device, being able to observe the cutting blade, the chopper element of the reeds, the finger carrier plates for the reeds towards the means of detaching the ears.
  • Figure 4 Shows a perspective view of a module related to a corn cob starter collecting device, being able to observe the cutting blade, a couple of bodies that collaborate in the conduction of the canes towards the means of detaching the ears, consisting of a pair of rollers.
  • Figure 5 Shows a plan view of a module related to a corn cob starter harvesting device, being able to observe the cutting blade, as well as the pair of bodies that collaborate in the conduction of the reeds towards the means of detaching the ears, consisting of a pair of rollers.
  • Figure 6. Shows a view of the module relative to the previous figure turned 180 °, observing its lower part, seeing the cutting blade, the chopper element of the reeds, as well as the pair of bodies that collaborate in driving the reeds towards the means for detaching the ears, consisting of a pair of rollers. DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT.
  • the harvester head 1 presents the corresponding dividers 2 with the indents 4, the collector modules 3 provided with the respective indents 4 and a worm screw in the transverse position of the collector of the ears detached from the plants.
  • Each collector module 3 comprises a toothed disk 6 for cutting the plants which is positioned inferiorly in proximity to the ground level, allowing the plants and ears to be collected, without causing any damage, even if the plants are lying on the ground.
  • the collector modules 3 incorporate a rotating drum provided with plates 7 provided with radial protrusions 8, by means of which the cut plants are led to a pair of rollers 9, which cause the plants to descend and the ears to detach.
  • the cantilevered body pair 10 has a pointed end extending into two branches with a curved shape that facilitates the handling of the cut plants without crowding, given the flexibility they present when cantilevered.
  • the body pair 10 is cantilevered by means of a support 11 positioned under the toothed disc 6, thus allowing both the collection of the plants and the movement of the plants between said bodies and the drums carrying the plates 7.
  • the pair of rollers 9 are arranged next to each other in parallel so that when turning in the opposite direction, they cause the plants to descend between them, so that the detachment of the ears occurs when they hit a plate 12 since it allows the passage of the canes but not that of the ears that are detached. Furthermore, on the plate 12 positioned superiorly to the pair of rollers 9, there are rotating blades 13, by means of which the radial projections 8 of the rotating drum plates collaborate in the movement of the free ears towards the worm screw 5. On the other hand, under the pair of rollers 9, the modules 3 have blades 14 for cutting the reeds that are lowered by the pair of rollers 9.
  • the head 1 described the harvesting of the corn is allowed even if it is lying down without causing damage to the ears, which are perfectly collected, and, in addition, possible crowding of the plants is avoided, whose crowding in addition to needing to stop the machine To eliminate them, with the consequent loss of time, they can be the cause of accidents.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
  • Outside Dividers And Delivering Mechanisms For Harvesters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for picking and collecting corn ears, of the type comprising a picker head which can be connected to the corresponding tractor vehicle. The aforementioned picker head is defined by a series of collector units which cut the plants and detach the corn ears from the stalk in order to convey same towards a transverse collecting auger. Each of the aforementioned collector units (3) comprises: a toothed disk (6) for cutting the plants, the lower part of which is positioned very close to the surface of the earth; and means of conveying the cut plants towards a pair of rollers (9) which move said plants downwards, such that the corn ears are detached upon hitting a plate (12) which is positioned above the pair of rollers (9), rotary blades (13) coming into contact with said plate (12). Moreover, stalk-shredding cutters (14) are disposed below said pair of rollers (9).

Description

DISPOSITIVO RECOLECTOR ARRANCADOR DE MAZORCAS DE MAÍZ. CORN COB STARTER COLLECTOR DEVICE.
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN. El siguiente Modelo de Utilidad, según se expresa en el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un dispositivo recolector arrancador de mazorcas de maíz, de forma que el dispositivo recolector arrancador de mazorcas de maíz se integra en un módulo para su incorporación en el correspondiente cabezal recolector, cuyo cabezal recolector se monta en el respectivo vehículo tractor para efectuar la recolección de los campos de maíz. Así, los módulos que integran el correspondiente dispositivo recolector arrancador de las mazorcas de maíz se incorporan en los cabezales cosechadores de maíz, cuyos módulos conforman los propios guiones que realizan una primera conducción de las cañas hacia el dispositivo de corte de las mismas y para el desprendimiento de las mazorcas.OBJECT OF THE INVENTION. The following Utility Model, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a corncob starter harvesting device, so that the corncob starter collecting device is integrated in a module for incorporation into the corresponding harvesting head, whose harvesting head is mounted on the respective tractor vehicle to collect the corn fields. Thus, the modules that make up the corresponding starter harvesting device of the corn cobs are incorporated into the corn harvesting heads, whose modules make up the scripts that carry out a first conduction of the reeds towards the cutting device of the same and for the detachment of the ears.
Por otra parte, el dispositivo recolector arrancador presenta una gran versatilidad, dado que mediante el mismo se permite cosechar los campos en cualquier dirección respecto de las hileras de las cañas, esto es, se permite realizar la cosecha en paralelo, en perpendicular o en oblicuo, e independientemente de la distancia existente entre las hileras del maíz sembrado.On the other hand, the starter harvesting device has great versatility, since by means of it it is possible to harvest the fields in any direction with respect to the rows of the reeds, that is, it is possible to carry out the harvest in parallel, perpendicular or obliquely , and regardless of the distance between the rows of the planted corn.
Además, el dispositivo recolector arrancador presenta la gran ventaja añadida de que mediante el mismo se permite la recolección del maíz tumbado sin ningún tipo de problema y sin dañar el producto.In addition, the starter harvesting device has the added added advantage that by means of it the harvesting of the lying corn is allowed without any problem and without damaging the product.
CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN. El dispositivo recolector arrancador de mazorcas de maíz que se presenta es de aplicación en todo tipo de cabezales cosechadores acopiables a vehículos tractores para la cosecha de maíz, de forma que el cabezal cosechador se constituye por una serie de módulos que definen unos guiones rematados de forma puntiaguda. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN. Convencionalmente, para la cosecha del maíz a un vehículo tractor se le acopla un cabezal cosechador, cuyo cabezal cosechador presenta una serie de guiones puntiagudos que permiten la conducción de las plantas hacia los medios de ordeño o desprendimiento de las mazorcas, de forma que cuanto mayor sea la anchura del cabezal una mayor capacidad de recolección poseerá.SCOPE. The corn cob starter harvesting device that is presented is applicable to all types of harvesting heads that can be attached to tractor vehicles for harvesting corn, so that the harvesting head is made up of a series of modules that define dashes finished off pointy. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION. Conventionally, for harvesting corn, a harvesting head is coupled to a tractor vehicle, whose harvesting head has a series of pointed indents that allow driving from the plants to the milking or detachment means of the ears, so that the greater the width of the head, the greater collection capacity it will possess.
De esta forma, conforme las plantas son conducidas hacia los medios de desprendimiento de las mazorcas, estos hacen que las plantas desciendan para que al topar las mazorcas sobre un tope superior, que permite el paso de la caña, pero no el de las mazorcas de mayor diámetro que las cañas, se provoca su desprendimiento y su conducción para la recogida de las mismas. Los medios de desprendimiento de las mazorcas se definen por parejas de rodillos sobre los que inciden las plantas, de forma que al girar dichos rodillos alineados en sentido contrario, provocan el descenso de las plantas para que se desprendan las mazorcas al topar con su correspondiente tope, mientras que los medios que conducen las cañas hacia los medios de desprendimiento y ordeño, se definen por parejas de cadenas.In this way, as the plants are led to the pod detaching means, these make the plants descend so that when they hit the pods on an upper stop, which allows the passage of the cane, but not that of the pods. larger diameter than the reeds, their detachment and conduction is caused for their collection. The means for detaching the cobs are defined by pairs of rollers on which the plants impinge, so that when these rollers are rotated aligned in the opposite direction, they cause the plants to descend so that the cobs come off when they meet their corresponding stop. , while the means that guide the reeds towards the detachment and milking means, are defined by pairs of chains.
Mediante la estructura descrita, relativa a los cabezales cosechadores convencionales consistentes en rodillos y cadenas conductoras de las cañas, la máquina cosechadora tiene que avanzar en dirección paralela a las hileras dando una hilera a cada módulo (dos rodillos y dos cadenas) con lo cual hay que adaptar el diseño de la máquina (distancia entre hileras) a la distancia entre las hileras del maíz sembrado que no es la misma en todas las explotaciones agrarias.By means of the described structure, relative to the conventional harvesting heads consisting of rollers and conductive chains of the reeds, the harvesting machine has to advance in a direction parallel to the rows, giving a row to each module (two rollers and two chains) with which there are They have to adapt the design of the machine (distance between rows) to the distance between the rows of the planted maize that is not the same in all the farms.
Asimismo, los medios desprendedores de las mazorcas que actúan sobre las cañas, provocando su descenso, pueden incorporar medios que produzcan el desmenuzamiento o rotura de las cañas, de forma que en este caso, las parejas de rodillos que producen el descenso de las cañas, incorporan axialmente una serie de cuchillas, preferentemente en número de cuatro, que sobresalen radialmente con lo cual con el giro de la pareja de rodillos en sentido contrario, a la vez que se provoca el descenso de las cañas se produce su rotura, quedando desmenuzadas.Likewise, the detaching means of the ears that act on the reeds, causing their descent, may incorporate means that produce the crumbling or breakage of the reeds, so that in this case, the pairs of rollers that cause the reeds to descend, They axially incorporate a series of blades, preferably four in number, which protrude radially, so that when the pair of rollers is turned in the opposite direction, while the reeds are lowered, they break, leaving them crumbled.
Para lograr un adecuado funcionamiento de las cuchillas de corte, las mismas deben quedar dispuestas enfrentadas las de un rodillo y otro, de forma que en el enfrentamiento de las sucesivas cuchillas en el giro de la pareja de rodillos en sentido contrario, a la vez que va produciendo el descenso de las cañas, provoca el desmenuzamiento de las mismas.To achieve proper operation of the cutting blades, they must be arranged facing one roller and the other, so that in the confrontation of successive blades in the rotation of the pair of rollers in the opposite direction, while causing the reeds to drop, causing them to crumble.
Este dispositivo de corte, presenta el inconveniente de que en el momento que las cuchillas de los respectivos rodillos quedan desfasadas, no producen el adecuado corte, con lo cual hay nuevamente que volver a ajustarías, operación que se realiza actuando sobre los tornillos de anclaje de las cuchillas y una vez liberadas ajustarías adecuadamente para nuevamente volver a anclarlas con los correspondientes tornillos.This cutting device has the drawback that when the blades of the respective rollers are out of phase, they do not produce the proper cut, which means that they have to be adjusted again, an operation that is performed by acting on the anchor bolts of the blades and once released you would adjust properly to re-anchor them with the corresponding screws.
De esta forma, es fácil que continuamente se produzca el desajuste de las sucesivas cuchillas, dado que la superficie de enfrentamiento entre ellas para efectuar un adecuado corte sobre las cañas, viene definido únicamente por el filo de corte de las mismas. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN.In this way, it is easy for the successive blades to continuously become out of adjustment, since the confronting surface between them to make a suitable cut on the reeds, is defined solely by the cutting edge of the same. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.
En la presente memoria se describe un dispositivo recolector arrancador de mazorcas de maíz, siendo del tipo de dispositivos recolectores de mazorcas de maíz que se constituyen por un cabezal cosechador acoplable al correspondiente vehículo tractor, estando el cabezal cosechador definido por una serie de módulos recolectores que materializan el corte de las plantas y el desprendimiento de las mazorcas de la caña para su conducción hacia un sinfín transversal recogedor, de forma que cada módulo recolector comprende un disco dentado cortador de las plantas posicionado inferiormente en proximidad al ras del suelo, unos medios para el desplazamiento de las plantas cortadas hacia una pareja de rodillos que, girando en sentido contrario, desplazan las plantas hacia abajo, provocando el desprendimiento de las mazorcas al topar, en el descenso de las plantas, contra una placa posicionada superiormente a la pareja de rodillos, incidiendo sobre la citada placa unas aspas giratorias y presentando inferiormente a la pareja de rodillos unas cuchillas despedazadoras de las cañas.In this specification, a corn cob starter collecting device is described, being of the type of corn cob collecting devices that are constituted by a harvesting head that can be coupled to the corresponding tractor vehicle, the harvesting head being defined by a series of harvesting modules that they materialize the cutting of the plants and the detachment of the ears of the cane for their conduction to a transverse collecting auger, so that each collecting module comprises a toothed cutting disk for the plants positioned inferiorly in proximity to the ground level, means for the displacement of the cut plants towards a pair of rollers that, turning in the opposite direction, move the plants downwards, causing the ears to detach when they come up against, on the descent of the plants, against a plate positioned superior to the pair of rollers , impacting on the said plate some rotating blades and pre lowering the pair of rollers some cutting blades of the reeds.
Los medios para el desplazamiento de las plantas cortadas hacia la pareja de rodillos que, girando en sentido contrario, desplazan las plantas hacia abajo, se definen por un tambor giratorio dotado de unos platos provistos de unos salientes radiales que en su giro arrastran y guían a las plantas cortadas, colaborando en ello una pareja de cuerpos flexibles en voladizo, dispuestos en la parte frontal de los mismos. La pareja de cuerpos flexibles dispuestos en voladizo en relación a la parte frontal de los tambores portadores de los platos giratorios, que colaboran en la conducción de las plantas cortadas hacia la pareja de rodillos que en el descenso de las plantas provocan el desprendimiento de las mazorcas, quedan fijados al chasis del cabezal por un soporte inferior al disco dentado de corte de las plantas, presentando la citada pareja de cuerpos un extremo puntiagudo prolongado en dos ramales con una forma curva definiendo el camino de guiado, de manera que de esta forma se evitan posibles amontonamientos de las plantas cortadas. Lógicamente, el número de cuerpos flexibles dispuestos en voladizo para la conducción de las plantas cortadas podrá ser variable.The means for moving the cut plants towards the pair of rollers that, turning in the opposite direction, move the plants downwards, are defined by a rotating drum equipped with some plates provided with radial projections that in their turn drag and guide the cut plants, collaborating on it a pair of flexible cantilevered bodies, arranged on the front of them. The pair of flexible bodies cantilevered in relation to the front of the drums carrying the turntables, which collaborate in driving the cut plants towards the pair of rollers that in the descent of the plants cause the detachment of the ears , they are fixed to the head chassis by a lower support to the toothed cutting disc of the plants, the aforementioned pair of bodies presenting a pointed end prolonged in two branches with a curved shape defining the guide path, so that in this way the avoid possible crowding of cut plants. Logically, the number of flexible bodies cantilevered to guide cut plants may be variable.
Por otra parte, sobre la pareja de rodillos que provocan el descenso de las plantas, previamente cortadas por el disco dentado, cada uno de los módulos dispone de una placa sobre la cual topan las mazorcas en el descenso de las plantas provocando su desprendimiento, esto es así dado que el espacio existente permite el paso de las cañas pero no el de las mazorcas.On the other hand, on the pair of rollers that cause the descent of the plants, previously cut by the toothed disc, each of the modules has a plate on which the ears come into contact in the descent of the plants causing their detachment, this this is so given that the existing space allows the passage of the canes but not that of the ears.
Las aspas que inciden sobre las placas de tope y desprendimiento de las mazorcas en el descenso de las plantas por la pareja de rodillos, en colaboración con los salientes radiales de los platos relativos al tambor giratorio, desplazan las mazorcas hacia el sinfín transversal recogedor.The blades that impinge on the stop plates and detachment of the cobs in the descent of the plants by the pair of rollers, in collaboration with the radial projections of the plates relative to the rotating drum, move the cobs towards the collecting transverse auger.
La gran ventaja que presenta el cabezal cosechar descrito, se basa en que por la estructuración del mismo, se permite cosechar sin ningún problema todos aquellos campos de maíz en los que las plantas se encuentren tumbadas sin afectar (o más mínimo a las mazorcas.The great advantage of the harvesting head described, is based on the fact that due to its structure, it is possible to harvest without any problem all those corn fields in which the plants are lying down without affecting (or at least the ears of corn).
Además, también se permite cosechar todos los campos con independencia de la distancia a la que se encuentren entre sí las hileras de las plantas sin necesidad de realizar modificaciones. Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar, y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, de un juego de planos, en cuyas figuras de forma ilustrativa y no limitativa, se representan los detalles más característicos de la invención.In addition, it is also allowed to harvest all fields regardless of the distance between the rows of the plants without the need for modifications. To complement the description that is going to be To carry out, and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present descriptive memory is accompanied by a set of plans, in which figures, by way of illustration and not limitation, represent the most characteristic details of the invention.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DISEÑOS. Figura 1. Muestra una vista frontal en perspectiva de un cabezal recolector arrancador, pudiendo observar los diferentes módulos que conforman el cabezal. Figura 2. Muestra una vista en alzado lateral de un módulo recolector arrancador de mazorcas de maíz, pudiendo observar los diferentes componentes del mismo.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DESIGNS. Figure 1. Shows a front perspective view of a starter collecting head, being able to observe the different modules that make up the head. Figure 2. Shows a side elevation view of a corncob starter harvester module, and its different components can be observed.
Figura 3. Muestra una vista frontal de un módulo relativo a un dispositivo recolector arrancador de mazorcas de maíz, pudiendo observar la cuchilla de corte, el elemento picador de las cañas, los platos portadedos de conducción de las cañas hacia los medios de desprendimiento de las mazorcas.Figure 3. Shows a front view of a module related to a corn cob starter harvesting device, being able to observe the cutting blade, the chopper element of the reeds, the finger carrier plates for the reeds towards the means of detaching the ears.
Figura 4. Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un módulo relativo a un dispositivo recolector arrancador de mazorcas de maíz, pudiendo observar la cuchilla de corte, una pareja de cuerpos que colaboran en la conducción de las cañas hacia los medios de desprendimiento de las mazorcas, constituidos por una pareja de rodillos.Figure 4. Shows a perspective view of a module related to a corn cob starter collecting device, being able to observe the cutting blade, a couple of bodies that collaborate in the conduction of the canes towards the means of detaching the ears, consisting of a pair of rollers.
Figura 5. Muestra una vista en planta de un módulo relativo a un dispositivo recolector arrancador de mazorcas de maíz, pudiendo observar la cuchilla de corte, así como la pareja de cuerpos que colaboran en la conducción de las cañas hacia los medios de desprendimiento de las mazorcas, constituidos por una pareja de rodillos. Figura 6. Muestra una vista del módulo relativo a la figura anterior volteado 180°, observando su parte inferior, viendo la cuchilla de corte, el elemento picador de las cañas, así como la pareja de cuerpos que colaboran en la conducción de las cañas hacia los medios de desprendimiento de las mazorcas, constituidos por una pareja de rodillos. DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE. A la vista de las comentadas figuras y de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada podemos observar como el cabezal 1 cosechador presenta los correspondientes divisores 2 con los guiones 4, los módulos 3 recolectores provistos de los respectivos guiones 4 y un tornillo sinfín en posición transversal recogedor de las mazorcas desprendidas de las plantas.Figure 5. Shows a plan view of a module related to a corn cob starter harvesting device, being able to observe the cutting blade, as well as the pair of bodies that collaborate in the conduction of the reeds towards the means of detaching the ears, consisting of a pair of rollers. Figure 6. Shows a view of the module relative to the previous figure turned 180 °, observing its lower part, seeing the cutting blade, the chopper element of the reeds, as well as the pair of bodies that collaborate in driving the reeds towards the means for detaching the ears, consisting of a pair of rollers. DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT. In view of the aforementioned figures and according to the numbering adopted, we can see how the harvester head 1 presents the corresponding dividers 2 with the indents 4, the collector modules 3 provided with the respective indents 4 and a worm screw in the transverse position of the collector of the ears detached from the plants.
Cada módulo 3 recolector comprende un disco 6 dentado cortador de las plantas el cual queda posicionado inferiormente en proximidad al ras del suelo, permitiendo recoger las plantas y las mazorcas, sin causar daño alguno, aunque las plantas se encuentren tumbadas en el suelo.Each collector module 3 comprises a toothed disk 6 for cutting the plants which is positioned inferiorly in proximity to the ground level, allowing the plants and ears to be collected, without causing any damage, even if the plants are lying on the ground.
Una vez que las plantas han sido cortadas por el disco 6 dentado, se debe de producir el desprendimiento de las mazorcas, para lo cual los módulos 3 recolectores incorporan un tambor giratorio provisto de unos platos 7 dotados de unos salientes 8 radiales, mediante los cuales las plantas cortadas son conducidas hacia una pareja de rodillos 9, que provocan el descenso de las plantas y el desprendimiento de las mazorcas. Por otra parte, en la conducción de las plantas cortadas hacia la pareja de rodillos 9 colabora una pareja de cuerpos 10 dispuestos en voladizo en posición frontal a los tambores giratorios portadores de los platos 7 dotados de los salientes 8 radiales, de forma que dicha pareja de cuerpos 10 en voladizo presentan un extremo puntiagudo prolongado en dos ramales con una forma curva definiendo el camino de conducción entre ellos y el tambor giratorio para las plantas cortadas.Once the plants have been cut by the toothed disk 6, the detachment of the ears must take place, for which the collector modules 3 incorporate a rotating drum provided with plates 7 provided with radial protrusions 8, by means of which the cut plants are led to a pair of rollers 9, which cause the plants to descend and the ears to detach. On the other hand, in the conduction of the cut plants towards the pair of rollers 9 a pair of bodies 10 arranged cantilevered in a frontal position to the rotating drums carrying the plates 7 provided with the radial projections 8, so that said pair Cantilevered bodies 10 have a pointed end prolonged in two branches with a curved shape defining the conduction path between them and the rotating drum for cut plants.
En los diseños adjuntos se observa como la pareja de cuerpos 10 en voladizo presentan un extremo puntiagudo prolongándose en dos ramales con una forma curva que facilita la conducción de las plantas cortadas sin que se produzcan amontonamientos, dada la flexibilidad que presentan al quedar en voladizo.In the attached designs it is observed how the cantilevered body pair 10 has a pointed end extending into two branches with a curved shape that facilitates the handling of the cut plants without crowding, given the flexibility they present when cantilevered.
Por otra parte, la pareja de cuerpos 10 quedan en voladizo por medio de un soporte 11 posicionado bajo el disco 6 dentado, permitiendo así, tanto la recogida de las plantas como el desplazamiento de las mismas entre dichos cuerpos y los tambores portadores de los platos 7.On the other hand, the body pair 10 is cantilevered by means of a support 11 positioned under the toothed disc 6, thus allowing both the collection of the plants and the movement of the plants between said bodies and the drums carrying the plates 7.
La pareja de rodillos 9 quedan dispuestos próximos en paralelo de forma que al girar en sentido contrario, provocan el descenso de las plantas entre ellos, de manera que el desprendimiento de las mazorcas se produce al topar estas con una placa 12 dado que la misma permite el paso de las cañas pero no el de las mazorcas que son desprendidas. Además, sobre la placa 12 posicionada superiormente a la pareja de rodillos 9, inciden unas aspas 13 giratorias, mediante las cuales se colabora con los salientes 8 radiales de los platos del tambor giratorio en el desplazamiento de las mazorcas libres hacia el tornillo sinfín 5. Por otra parte, bajo la pareja de rodillos 9 los módulos 3 presentan unas cuchillas 14 despedazadoras de las cañas que son descendidas por la pareja de rodillos 9.The pair of rollers 9 are arranged next to each other in parallel so that when turning in the opposite direction, they cause the plants to descend between them, so that the detachment of the ears occurs when they hit a plate 12 since it allows the passage of the canes but not that of the ears that are detached. Furthermore, on the plate 12 positioned superiorly to the pair of rollers 9, there are rotating blades 13, by means of which the radial projections 8 of the rotating drum plates collaborate in the movement of the free ears towards the worm screw 5. On the other hand, under the pair of rollers 9, the modules 3 have blades 14 for cutting the reeds that are lowered by the pair of rollers 9.
Mediante el cabezal 1 descrito se permite la recolección del maíz aunque el mismo se encuentre tumbado sin causar daño en las mazorcas, las cuales son perfectamente recogidas, y, además, se evitan posibles amontonamientos de las plantas, cuyos amontonamientos además de necesitar parar la máquina para eliminarlos, con la consiguiente perdida de tiempo, pueden ser causa de accidentes. By means of the head 1 described the harvesting of the corn is allowed even if it is lying down without causing damage to the ears, which are perfectly collected, and, in addition, possible crowding of the plants is avoided, whose crowding in addition to needing to stop the machine To eliminate them, with the consequent loss of time, they can be the cause of accidents.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S. 1a.- DISPOSITIVO RECOLECTOR ARRANCADOR DE MAZORCAS DE MAÍZ, siendo del tipo de dispositivos recolectores de mazorcas de maíz que se constituyen por un cabezal cosechador acoplable al correspondiente vehículo tractor, estando el cabezal cosechador definido por una serie de módulos recolectores que materializan el corte de las plantas y el desprendimiento de las mazorcas de la caña para su conducción hacia un sinfín transversal recogedor, caracterizado porque cada módulo (3) recolector comprende un disco (6) dentado cortador de las plantas, posicionado inferiormente muy próximo al ras del suelo, unos medios para el desplazamiento de las plantas cortadas hacia una pareja de rodillos (9) que, girando en sentido contrario, desplazan las plantas hacia abajo, provocando el desprendimiento de las mazorcas al topar, en el descenso de las plantas, contra una placa (12) posicionada superiormente a la pareja de rodillos (9), incidiendo sobre la citada placa (12) unas aspas (13) giratorias y presentando inferiormente a la pareja de rodillos (9) unas cuchillas (14) despedazadoras de las cañas.REIVINDICACIONE S. 1 a. - CORN COCK STARTER COLLECTOR DEVICE, being of the type of corncob picking devices that are constituted by a harvesting head attachable to the corresponding tractor vehicle, the harvesting head being defined by a series of collecting modules that they materialize the cutting of the plants and the detachment of the cobs of the cane for their conduction towards a transverse endless collector, characterized in that each module (3) collector comprises a disc (6) serrated cutter of the plants, positioned inferiorly very close to the flush from the ground, means for the displacement of the cut plants towards a pair of rollers (9) that, turning in the opposite direction, move the plants down, causing the detachment of the ears when bumping, in the descent of the plants, against a plate (12) positioned superiorly to the pair of rollers (9), having an impact on said plate (12) rotating blades (13) and presenting inferiorly to the pair of rollers (9) blades (14) shatter the reeds.
2a.- DISPOSITIVO RECOLECTOR ARRANCADOR DE MAZORCAS DE MAÍZ, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque los medios para el desplazamiento de las plantas cortadas hacia la pareja de rodillos (9) que, girando en sentido contrario, desplazan las plantas hacia abajo, se definen por un tambor dotado de unos platos (7) provistos de unos salientes (8) radiales que en su giro arrastran y guían a las plantas cortadas, colaborando en ello una pareja de cuerpos (10) flexibles en voladizo, dispuestos en la parte frontal de los mismos.2 .- COLLECTOR DEVICE STARTER CORN COBS, according to claim 1, wherein the means for moving the cut plants towards the pair of rollers (9), counter - rotating, moving down the plants are defined by a drum provided with some plates (7) provided with radial projections (8) that in their turn drag and guide the cut plants, collaborating in it a pair of bodies (10) flexible in cantilever, arranged in the front thereof.
3a.- DISPOSITIVO RECOLECTOR ARRANCADOR DE MAZORCAS DE MAÍZ, según reivindicaciones 1a y 3a, caracterizado porque la pareja de cuerpos (10) flexibles dispuestos en voladizo en relación a la parte frontal de los tambores portadores de los platos (7) giratorios, que colaboran en la conducción de las plantas cortadas hacia la pareja de rodillos (9) que en el descenso de las plantas provocan el desprendimiento de las mazorcas, quedan fijados al chasis del cabezal (1) por un soporte (11) inferior al disco (6) dentado de corte de las plantas, presentando la citada pareja de cuerpos (10) un extremo puntiagudo prolongado en dos ramales con una forma curva definiendo el camino de guiado de las plantas entre ellos y los tambores portadores de los platos (7) giratorios.3 .- COLLECTOR DEVICE STARTER CORN COBS, according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the couple of bodies (10) flexible cantilevered relative to the front of the carrier drum plates (7) rotating , which collaborate in the conduction of the cut plants towards the pair of rollers (9) that in the descent of the plants cause the detachment of the ears, are fixed to the chassis of the head (1) by a support (11) inferior to the disk (6) cutting teeth of the plants, the aforementioned pair of bodies presenting (10) one end Prolonged pointed on two branches with a curved shape defining the path of guidance of the plants between them and the drums carrying the rotating plates (7).
4a.- DISPOSITIVO RECOLECTOR ARRANCADOR DE MAZORCAS DE MAÍZ, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque superiormente a la pareja de rodillos (9) que provocan el descenso de las plantas, previamente cortadas por el disco (6) dentado, presenta una placa (12) sobre la cual topan las mazorcas en el descenso de las plantas provocando su desprendimiento. 5a.- DISPOSITIVO RECOLECTOR ARRANCADOR DECOLLECTOR DEVICE 4 .- STARTER CORN COBS, according to claim 1, characterized in that superiorly to the pair of rollers (9) causing the descent of the plants, previously cut by the disc (6) toothing, has a plate ( 12) on which the ears fall on the descent of the plants causing their detachment. 5 a .- STARTER COLLECTOR DEVICE
MAZORCAS DE MAÍZ, según reivindicaciones 1a y 4a, caracterizado porque las aspas (13) que inciden sobre las placas (12) de tope y desprendimiento de las mazorcas en el descenso de las plantas por la pareja de rodillos (9), en colaboración con los salientes (8) radiales de los platos (7) relativos al tambor giratorio, desplazan las mazorcas hacia el sinfín (5) recogedor. CORN COBS, according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the blades (13) impinging on the plates (12) abutment and detachment of the cobs on the descent of the plants by the pair of rollers (9), collaboration with the radial projections (8) of the plates (7) relative to the rotating drum, move the cobs towards the auger (5) collector.
PCT/ES2003/000346 2002-07-12 2003-07-09 Device for picking and collecting corn ears WO2004006647A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESU200201801 2002-07-12
ES200201801U ES1052459Y (en) 2002-07-12 2002-07-12 CORN CORN STARTER COLLECTOR DEVICE

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5787696A (en) * 1993-12-27 1998-08-04 Carl Geringhoff Gmbh & Co. Kg Picking attachment for a harvester
US6119443A (en) * 1997-08-12 2000-09-19 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Corn harvesting attachment
US20010003237A1 (en) * 1999-12-09 2001-06-14 Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co Kg Row-insensitive gathering device for an agricultural header
US20030079458A1 (en) * 2001-10-27 2003-05-01 Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Company Kg Gathering and picking device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5787696A (en) * 1993-12-27 1998-08-04 Carl Geringhoff Gmbh & Co. Kg Picking attachment for a harvester
US6119443A (en) * 1997-08-12 2000-09-19 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Corn harvesting attachment
US20010003237A1 (en) * 1999-12-09 2001-06-14 Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co Kg Row-insensitive gathering device for an agricultural header
US20030079458A1 (en) * 2001-10-27 2003-05-01 Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Company Kg Gathering and picking device

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