WO2004002667A1 - Spot resistance welding machine - Google Patents
Spot resistance welding machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004002667A1 WO2004002667A1 PCT/JP2003/008292 JP0308292W WO2004002667A1 WO 2004002667 A1 WO2004002667 A1 WO 2004002667A1 JP 0308292 W JP0308292 W JP 0308292W WO 2004002667 A1 WO2004002667 A1 WO 2004002667A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- split
- arm
- electrode
- upper electrode
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
- B23K11/31—Electrode holders and actuating devices therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spot resistance welding machine. More specifically, for example, a work such as a metal box or a metal frame is placed on a lower electrode made of a conductive plate-like material such as a copper plate, and the lower electrode is placed on the lower electrode.
- This is a spot resistance welding machine that places the work piece between the upper and lower electrodes and presses and conducts electricity by directing the upper electrode toward the placed work piece.
- the present invention relates to a spot resistance welding machine capable of injecting a welding tip into a workpiece such as a metal box and welding while holding a welding gun having a welding tip at a tip in a horizontal position.
- a metal plate, a metal box or a metal frame to be welded (hereinafter referred to as a material to be welded or an object to be welded) is overlapped, and this portion is pressurized and energized.
- the method of joining by heating by using resistance heat as a heat source is called resistance welding method.
- the resistance welding method has been put to practical use as spot welding and seam welding and has been up to the present. That is, It is widely used in spot welding in general in the field of assembling metal bodies, as well as in the assembly line of automobile bodies and in the field of sheet metal processing.
- spot welding uses the Joule heat generated inside the material to be welded as a heat source, so the welding temperature depends on the welding current as well as the welding current. There is a drawback that it is not always constant, depending on the resistance value, etc., and this drawback has not been improved yet.
- spot welding does not require welding rods or flux unlike arc welding, and has the advantage of not necessarily requiring a large welding machine.
- the heating at the welded portion is limited to a point or a narrow area and is localized, the object to be welded is hardly damaged. For this reason, spot welding is widely used in the fields of automotive bodies, steel furniture and home appliances.
- spot welding has many advantages not found in other welding methods, and large dedicated automatic spot welding machines are now in practical use.
- most of these automatic spot welders are stationary spot welders, and the range of application to heavy objects such as metal boxes that are difficult to move for welding is limited. Improvements in this regard are desired, but little has been achieved.
- the principle of the spot welder is that two superposed workpieces Between the upper and lower electrodes, consisting of a pair of rod-shaped welding guns, from the top and bottom, so that the tip of each electrode, that is, the area that can be sandwiched by the welding tips attached to the opposite ends, in other words, spots or points Welding is carried out by applying pressure, and this is called spot welding. Therefore, the structure of the welding machine is such that the welding tips at the leading ends of the rod-shaped upper electrode and lower electrode are provided to oppose each other, and by lowering the upper electrode toward the lower electrode, the workpiece is locally pressurized. It is welded by energizing. For this reason, the upper and lower electrodes are usually provided integrally, and these lower electrodes are configured to be supported by a strong mechanical holding device.
- a stationary type is used by being installed in a fixed place because the upper and lower electrodes are fixed integrally with a mechanical holding device.
- This is a disadvantage of the stationary type and the workpiece is moved to the welding machine every time welding is performed.If the workpiece is a large-sized structure, it must be transported with heavy heavy work. It becomes.
- a portable type welding machine has been used instead of a stationary type spot welding machine.
- Portable type welding machine One or both of the electrodes are separated from the welding machine body, and a space between them is connected by a flexible conductive cable so that at least one of the upper and lower electrodes can be freely moved.
- the upper electrode is configured to be portable and can move freely, but for example, a pressurizing mechanism cannot be provided integrally with the upper electrode. For this reason, the welding pressure at the time of welding is limited, and a welded joint having a predetermined strength cannot be obtained.
- the upper electrode of the upper and lower electrodes is configured as a rod-shaped welding gun having a welding tip at the tip, but the lower electrode is configured of a plate-shaped electrode made of a plate-shaped conductive material. Is what you do.
- any part of the surface of the lower electrode can serve as a current-carrying part. Therefore, if the upper electrode is moved according to the welding point of the workpiece placed on the lower electrode, welding can be performed without moving the workpiece.
- the moving upper electrode is configured as a rod-shaped horizontal gun held in a horizontal posture, and is rotatably supported at a midpoint of the horizontal gun through a support bost.
- This spot welding machine applies an upward pulling force to the rear end of the horizontal welding gun at the upper electrode, and uses the downward rotating moment acting on the welding tip at the tip as the pressing force during welding. Therefore, the welding tip at the tip of the welding gun in the upper electrode can penetrate the inside of the workpiece, such as a box, and the welded point hidden inside can be welded by applying pressure and current.
- the welding pressure during welding is the rotational moment of the upward pulling force acting on the welding tip at the tip of the horizontal welding gun at the upper electrode, and its value depends on the length of the horizontal welding gun at the upper electrode. Is done.
- a support boss that rotatably supports the horizontal welding gun is required.
- a plane moving mechanism that freely moves the support boss on a plane is required.
- the structure and use of the plane moving mechanism are repeated. Deterioration of the structure affects the positioning accuracy of the welding tip at the welding gun tip.
- spot welding itself uses a heat source whose temperature is not known by nature, and the welding temperature is essentially not controlled precisely.
- Support post and its plane moving mechanism especially Unless the plane moving mechanism has been structurally improved enough to withstand high welding pressure, air cylinders, and other heavy supporting loads, welding cannot be performed under high pressure with high positioning accuracy. There is. However, no improvement has been observed in this regard.
- spot welding is a welding method that uses a heat source whose temperature is not known, but this point can be modified to some extent by the selection of matching welding jigs and tools, and the so-called craftsmanship and experience.
- the support structure for the horizontal welding gun and the horizontal movement mechanism such as the horizontal welding gun, the supporting arms that support them are configured by connecting at least two split arms, and each split arm is rotated. It is configured to be able to turn with a free rotating shaft. For this reason, the rotating shaft will be loosened or damaged after repeated use. No improvement has been made in light of this.
- a pressurizing device such as a air cylinder is provided integrally with the upper electrode along with the welding gun.
- the upper electrode is a hair cylinder that applies pressure to the horizontal welding gun.
- the upper electrode having such a structure is integrally provided, and is integrally supported on the lower electrode so as to be movable in a plane direction. For this reason, the upper electrode is supported like a so-called cantilever at the tip or free end of the support arm, but this support arm is configured by connecting at least two split arms via a rotating shaft. ing.
- At least one split arm of the support arm that supports the upper electrode expands and contracts by rotating at least one split arm at the rotation axis, and thus the upper electrode is moved.
- the welding tip of the horizontal welding gun is positioned at a predetermined position and welded.
- the support arm has a zigzag plane shape as a whole, resulting in increased torsion.
- the air-cylinder momentarily applies a downward pressure, which causes a large bending moment and other torsional moments. In particular, it is applied to the joint of the split arms, that is, the rotating shaft to be joined.
- the present invention includes a lower electrode made of a flat conductive plate-like material, and an upper electrode that is to be welded and placed on the lower electrode and that is pressurized and energized by resistance current welding between the lower electrode. It is a spot resistance welding machine.
- a welding tip that is mounted as a part of the upper electrode and conducts resistance welding by applying a downward pressure to the work to be welded, and is disposed substantially horizontally on the lower electrode to support the upper electrode at the free end;
- a supporting arm that can be freely expanded and contracted or folded; at least two divided arms provided as a part of the supporting arm and having opposing ends connected to each other; and opposing each other between two adjacent divided arms among these divided arms And a coupling device for coupling the opposed ends.
- This coupling device also has one of the two adjacent split arms A cylindrical support attached to the opposite end of the split arm; a fixed shaft inserted into the cylindrical support and attached to the opposite end of the other split arm; and a cylindrical mounted around the fixed shaft.
- a conical bearing is provided for rotatably supporting one of the split arms via a support body.
- a horizontal welding gun used in a horizontal position is provided as a part of the upper electrode, and a shank tube having a welding tip at the tip and a gun body into which the shank tube is freely inserted.
- the upper electrode is provided with an air cylinder that pulls upward at the rear end of the gun body in the horizontal welding gun.
- the rear end of the gun body is configured to rotate freely.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a welding mechanism in a spot welding machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a spot welding machine according to one embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above.
- FIG. 3 is a side view when viewed from one side of the welding machine shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of an example of a lower electrode of the welding machine shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an assembly view of the split arm in the spot welding machine shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a part of the split arm shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the horizontal welding gun provided as a part of the upper electrode.
- FIG. 1 shows, as a diagram, the welding mechanism of the spot welding machine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- This welding mechanism is equivalent to the welding mechanism of the spot welding machine previously proposed by the present inventors, and the present invention is not new here.
- the present invention is a spot welding machine that performs spot welding by a welding mechanism equivalent to that shown in FIG. 1, and the feature of the spot welding machine is that the spot welding can be performed stably. even those requiring high pressure, such as Aruminiumu material or stainless steel to provide a spot welding machine having a structure capable spot welding with stable (Therefore, the structure of the place below Will be described.
- reference numeral 100 generally indicates a spot welding machine.
- reference numeral 1 is the welding machine main body
- 2 is a transformer
- 3 is an electronic switch such as a thyristor contact
- 4 is an electronic switch of two thyristors 4
- 5 Indicates a power source
- 6 indicates an emergency.
- Steel plate, aluminum for welding machine body 1 It can spot-weld workpieces W such as sheets, stainless steel sheets, and other metal sheets, and can stably weld aluminum sheets and stainless steel sheets that require high pressure.
- the welding machine body 1 is provided with a lower electrode 10 and an upper electrode 20 facing each other, and the lower electrode 10 is provided with a plate electrode 11 made of a flat conductive plate material.
- the workpiece W is placed on the electrode 11 and the workpiece W can be welded to a desired welding point without moving.
- the work W to be welded placed on the plate electrode 11 of the lower electrode 10 is: Pressing is performed by lowering the welding tip 22 at the top end of the horizontal welding gun 21 in the upper electrode 20 to perform spot welding.
- the lower and upper electrodes 10 and 20 are connected to respective poles of the transformer 2, and the current from the welding power source 5 is rectified by the electronic switch 4 and the voltage is adjusted by the transformer 2. Then, it is supplied to the lower and upper electrodes 10 and 20.
- the lower electrode 10 is provided with a plate-like electrode 11 made of a conductive plate-like material having a flat surface, and the workpiece W (FIGS. 1 and 2) is provided on the plate-like electrode 11. 2), and the specified work can be performed on the workpiece W as it is.
- This plate-like electrode 11 constitutes an electrode over the entire surface, and the upper electrode 2
- the part pressurized by the welding tip 22 of the horizontal welding gun 21 at 0 acts as a welding tip for spot welding.
- any part of the surface of the plate electrode 11 functions as an electrode, and the workpiece W can be welded without moving.
- copper or an alloy thereof is used as the conductive plate-like material, which is connected to one pole of the transformer 2 and is ignited at a desired welding point on the workpiece W, that is, a nugget. Can be formed.
- a rod-shaped welding gun 21 is attached to the upper electrode 20 so that the welding gun 21 can be welded in a lateral position, as shown later, and a welding tip 22 at the tip is attached.
- the welding tip 22 is connected to the other pole of the transformer 2, and heat is conducted between the plate electrode 11 connected to one of the poles with the workpiece W interposed therebetween to perform spot welding. Is done.
- the object to be welded W on the plate electrode 11 is the welding tip of the upper electrode 20.
- the welding current is conducted where the pressure is applied by 2 to form an electrode.
- the welding on the plate electrode 11 is performed. Only the contact part of the object W becomes an electrode and is spot welded. That is, the plate-like electrode on the lower electrode 10 At the pole 11, the workpiece W is sandwiched between the contact portion with the workpiece W and the tip of the welding gun 21 at the upper electrode 20, that is, the welding tip 22. The sandwiched part is resistance-heated and pressure welded.
- the welding gun 21 is mounted in a horizontal position as a part of the upper electrode 20 while the welding gun 21 is mounted on the lower electrode 10.
- At least two split arms 31, 32, 33 that are connected to each other by a connecting device 40 between opposing ends as a plane moving mechanism in order to move the plane horizontally in a horizontal direction while maintaining substantially horizontal.
- a support arm 30 is provided, and the top end of the support arm 30 supports the upper electrode 20 and at least the horizontal welding gun 21.
- the support arm 30 is composed of at least two divided arms 31, 32, 33 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and connected by the connecting device 40 therebetween. In the coupling device 40, as shown in FIGS.
- a cylindrical support body 41 is attached to the opposite end of one of the two adjacent divided arms 31 and 32.
- a fixed shaft 42 is attached to the opposite end of the other split arm 32.
- the fixed shaft 42 is inserted into the cylindrical bearing 41, and a conical bearing 43 is disposed around the fixed shaft 42, and the cylindrical bearing 4 rotating via the conical bearing 43. 1 is configured so that one of the split arms 31 is turned.
- a conical bearing 43 is fixed around the fixed shaft 42 and the pressing member 44. It is divided into upper and lower parts.
- the holding member 44 is pressed from above without directly contacting the fixed shaft 42, for example, its shoulder portion 421. In this case, it is kept with a small gap G.
- the holding member 44 is pressed down in this manner, when the holding member 44 is pressed down, the conical bearing 43 disposed above is first pressed, and the rolling of the conical bearing 43 is smoothed.
- the lower conical bearing 43 is also pushed and the rolling thereof can be smoothed.
- the upper and lower cone bearing groups are adjusted separately because the load imposed on the fixed shaft 42 differs in the axial direction, and the load imposed on the upper Because it is big.
- the connecting device 40 is further described.
- the connecting device 40 connects two adjacent divided arms 31 and 32 to each other and forms a part of the support arm 30.
- This area is subject to repeated stresses such as shearing, bending, torsion, tension, and compression. That is, the load on the air cylinder and other upper electrodes is applied downward, and during welding, a high pressing force is applied upward by pulling upward on the air cylinder and other parts. The stress resulting from this is applied repeatedly. For this reason, the connecting device 40 and its components are deflected, and the components are loosely assembled, making it difficult to accurately position the welding gun 21 in the upper electrode 20. In addition, repeated use can damage the components in just one to two years.
- the shafts serving as the rotation centers of the divided arms 31 1, 32, and 33 constituting the support arm 30 are fixed, and can be rotated around the fixed shaft.
- the configuration is as follows. 'For example, in the adjacent divided arms 3 1 and 3 2, a fixed shaft 42 is fixed to the opposite end of the other divided arm 32, and one of the divided arms 31 is centered on the fixed shaft 42. It is configured to be rotatable via a cylindrical support body 41 attached to the base. Further, the fixed shaft 42 can be fixed in any mode, but as shown in FIG. 6, can be fixed from above and below by using fixed plates 45 and 46.
- the fixed shaft 4 2 is fixed to the upper fixed plate 4 5
- a so-called knuckle 47 can be used, and if it is fixed in this manner, it can be locked without loosening while leaving the gap G.
- the member 44 can be configured so that it can be adjusted by pushing down. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the holding member 44 is formed as a stepped cylindrical body, through which the upper part of the fixed shaft 42 penetrates.
- the holding member 44 is integrally formed by being fixed to the fixed shaft 42 with a key or the like, and this serves as a central axis when the divided arms 31, 32, and 33 rotate; As if the center shaft had a split structure, the holding member 4 4 and the fixed shaft 42 could be supported by conical bearings 4 3, respectively, avoiding the effects of various loads and stresses applied to the coupling device 40. it can.
- one of the split arms 31 is provided with a turning adjustment member 50 (see FIG. 5).
- the fixing plate 45 on the other split arm 32 side is brought into contact with 0.
- the other arm 32 is rotated with respect to one arm 31, and the support arm 30 is extended and contracted according to the degree of the rotation.
- the electrode 20 is moved in a plane.
- the axes of the divided arms 31, 32, 33 are aligned with one straight line, and extend straight to the support arm 30. Even if a force is applied to the extended arm 31, 32, 33 from the axial direction, the arm 31, 31, 32, 33 cannot rotate at all. If the angle between the adjacent divided arms 31 and 32 becomes zero as described above, it becomes difficult to rotate one of the divided arms 31 with respect to the other of the adjacent divided arms 32.
- the pivotal adjustment is performed on one split arm 31. Since the material 50 is provided, such a problem does not occur and can be reliably avoided.
- the plate-like electrode 11 provided as a part of the lower electrode 10 is made of a flat conductive material made of copper or an alloy thereof, and the plate-like lower electrode 10 has the material W to be welded thereon. It is configured so that work such as predetermined processing can be performed after the work is completed.
- the surface of the lower electrode 10 is configured as a flat plate-like electrode 11 and configured to withstand a high pressing force during welding. For this reason, for example, it is configured as a lattice or rod-shaped frame, and the plate-like electrode 11 is provided on the surface. I can.
- an insulating material 12 is interposed, and the plate-like electrode 11 is transformed on the other hand through, for example, a conductive terminal 13 in the form of a screw. It is connected to one pole of the container 2, and the periphery of the conductive terminal 13 is surrounded and insulated by the tubular member 14 made of insulating material and the washer 15.
- the horizontal welding gun 21 is configured to apply a pressing force to the welding tip 22 at the distal end through an air cylinder 60 or the like using a lever mechanism. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a welding tip 22 is attached to the tip of the shank tube 24, which is composed of a gun body 23 and a shank tube 24.
- the upper electrode 20 including the welding gun 21 and the air cylinder 60 is supported by the column 70 via the support arm 30.
- the upper electrode 20 is provided with a welding gun 21, a support boss 80 that rotatably supports the welding gun 21, and an air cylinder 60 that is supported by the support boss 80. .
- each of the divided arms 31, 32, and 33 is turned through the connecting device 40, and the support arm 30 is freely extended and contracted, and the welding is performed.
- the gun 21 freely moves in a plane together with the air cylinder 60 to position the welding chip 22 at a predetermined welding point.
- the gun body 23 and the shank tube 24 are configured to be able to be pulled out freely, and the welding tip is also provided at the tip of the shank tube 24.
- 22 is detachably mounted, and a water cooling passage is formed along the central axis as required.
- a handle 25 is attached to the rear end of the gun body 23 as required, while the tip of the gun body 23 is rotated about the rotation axis 82 of the bent portion 81 at the lower end of the support bost 80.
- the support bost 80 is formed in a hollow tube shape, through which a tension member such as a wire is inserted, the lower end of the tension member is connected to the rear end of the gun body 23, and the upper end is a hair cylinder. Connect to 60.
- the welding gun 21 itself is a lever mechanism with the rotating shaft 82 as a fulcrum.
- the upward tensile force provided by the arc cylinder 60 is transmitted to the welding tip 22 at the tip as a rotational moment.
- the welding tip 22 can penetrate into the portion to be welded, pressure welding can be performed even on the portion to be welded that is hidden inside.
- the applied pressure is this rotational moment, it can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the freely removable shank tube 24, and the adjustment is extremely easy.
- the welding tip 22 can be moved up and down by operating the handle 25. Even if an obstacle protrudes inside the workpiece W such as a frame or box, it can be overcome.
- the upper electrode 20 has been described mainly on the case where the welding gun 21 is used in the horizontal position.However, the welding gun can also be used in the vertical position. It is sufficient to configure the robot so that it can be raised and lowered directly.
- a work to be welded such as a metal box or a metal frame is placed on a lower electrode made of a conductive plate-like material such as a copper plate, and the work to be welded placed on the lower electrode
- a work to be welded is placed on a lower electrode made of a conductive plate-like material such as a copper plate, and the work to be welded placed on the lower electrode
- the upper electrode By directing the upper electrode toward the object, the object to be welded is sandwiched between the upper and lower electrodes, and pressurized electricity is applied to the spot to be welded. This is a resistance welding machine.
- the welding gun having the welding tip at the top end of the upper electrode can be freely moved in a plane while holding the welding gun in the horizontal position, and the welding tip can be penetrated to the inside of the workpiece such as the metal box to perform welding.
- the welding gun mounted as part of the upper electrode is supported by the free end of a freely expandable or contractible support arm, which is composed of at least two split arms whose opposite ends are connected to each other, The opposing ends of two adjacent split arms of these split arms are connected by a connecting device, and the connecting device further includes opposing ends of one of the two adjacent split arms.
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Abstract
A spot resistance welding machine, comprising an extendable and foldable support arm generally horizontally disposed on a lower electrode and supporting an upper electrode at a free end, at least two divided arms formed as a part of the support arm and having opposed end parts connected to each other, and a connecting device for connecting these adjacent two divided arms to each other, the connecting device further comprising cylindrical pivotally support bodies fitted to the opposed end parts of one of the two adjacent divided arms, a fixed shaft inserted into the cylindrical pivotally support bodies and fitted to the opposed end parts of the other divided arm, and conical bearings fitted to the periphery of the fixed shaft to rotate the one divided arm through the cylindrical pivotally support bodies.
Description
明 細 書 スポッ ト抵抗溶接機 技 分野 Description Spot resistance welding machine
この発明はスポッ ト抵抗溶接機に係り、 詳しくは、 銅板などの導電性 板状材から成る下部電極の上に、 例えば、 金属箱や金属枠などの被溶接 物を載せ、 この下部電極上に載せた被溶接物に向って上部電極を指向さ せることにより、 上部並びに下部電極の間で被溶接物をはさみ加圧通電 して溶接するスポッ ト抵抗溶接機であって、 なかでも、 上部電極におい て先端に溶接チップを具える溶接ガンを横向き姿勢に保持したままで金 属箱などの被溶接物の内部まで溶接チップを侵入させて溶接できるスポ ッ ト抵抗溶接機に係る。 背景技術 The present invention relates to a spot resistance welding machine. More specifically, for example, a work such as a metal box or a metal frame is placed on a lower electrode made of a conductive plate-like material such as a copper plate, and the lower electrode is placed on the lower electrode. This is a spot resistance welding machine that places the work piece between the upper and lower electrodes and presses and conducts electricity by directing the upper electrode toward the placed work piece. The present invention relates to a spot resistance welding machine capable of injecting a welding tip into a workpiece such as a metal box and welding while holding a welding gun having a welding tip at a tip in a horizontal position. Background art
一般に、 金属板などの溶接において、 溶接すべき金属板や金属箱又は 金属枠など (以下、 被溶接材又は被溶接物という) を重ね合わせ、 この 部分を加圧通電して、 この通電によって生じる抵抗熱を熱源として加熱 して加圧接合する方法が抵抗溶接法といわれている。 抵抗溶接法はスポ ッ ト溶接やシ―ム溶接として実用化され、現在に至っている。すなわち、
自動車ボディの組立ラインなどのほか、 金属構造物の組立て、 さらに板 金加工の分野一般にスポッ ト溶接に広く用いられている。 Generally, when welding a metal plate or the like, a metal plate, a metal box or a metal frame to be welded (hereinafter referred to as a material to be welded or an object to be welded) is overlapped, and this portion is pressurized and energized. The method of joining by heating by using resistance heat as a heat source is called resistance welding method. The resistance welding method has been put to practical use as spot welding and seam welding and has been up to the present. That is, It is widely used in spot welding in general in the field of assembling metal bodies, as well as in the assembly line of automobile bodies and in the field of sheet metal processing.
スポッ ト溶接はこのように広く普及されているのに拘らず、 被溶接材 の内部に発生するジュール熱を熱源として利用して溶接するものである ため、 溶接温度は溶接電流のほか被溶接材の抵抗値などに左右され、 必 ずしも一定にならないという欠点があって、 この欠点は未だ改善されて いない。 Despite this widespread use of spot welding, spot welding uses the Joule heat generated inside the material to be welded as a heat source, so the welding temperature depends on the welding current as well as the welding current. There is a drawback that it is not always constant, depending on the resistance value, etc., and this drawback has not been improved yet.
一方、 このような欠点をもつ反面、 スポッ ト溶接はアーク溶接などの ように溶接棒やフラックスを必要とせず、 必ずしも、 大型の溶接機など も必要としないことなどの長所をもっている。 また、 溶接部での加熱は 点又はせまい領域に限られ局部的であるため、 被溶接物そのものをいた めることが少ない。 このようなところから、 スポッ ト溶接は自動車ボデ ィ、 スチール家具、 家電製品の分野に広く用いられる。 On the other hand, despite these disadvantages, spot welding does not require welding rods or flux unlike arc welding, and has the advantage of not necessarily requiring a large welding machine. In addition, since the heating at the welded portion is limited to a point or a narrow area and is localized, the object to be welded is hardly damaged. For this reason, spot welding is widely used in the fields of automotive bodies, steel furniture and home appliances.
このようにスポッ ト溶接は他の溶接法にない数多い長所をもっている ため、 現在では専用の大型の自動スポッ ト溶接機も実用化されている。 しかし、 これら自動スポッ ト溶接機のほとんどが定置型スポッ ト溶接機 であって、 溶接するために移動するが困難な金属箱などの重量物には適 用される範囲が限られている。 この点の改善が望まれているが、 ほとん ど改善されていない。 As described above, spot welding has many advantages not found in other welding methods, and large dedicated automatic spot welding machines are now in practical use. However, most of these automatic spot welders are stationary spot welders, and the range of application to heavy objects such as metal boxes that are difficult to move for welding is limited. Improvements in this regard are desired, but little has been achieved.
すなわち、 スポッ ト溶接機の原理は、 重ね合わされた 2枚の被溶接材
を、 一対の棒状の溶接ガンから成る上部および下部電極の間で上下から はさみ、 各電極の先端、 つまり対向端部に取付けた溶接チップによって はさむことのできる領域、 要するにスポッ ト又は点のところを加圧通電 して溶接するものであり、このところからスポヅ ト溶接といわれている。 したがって、 溶接機の構造は、 棒状の上部電極と下部電極において先 端の溶接チップが対抗して設けられ、 この上部電極を下部電極に向って 下降させることによって被溶接物を局部的に加圧し通電して溶接するも のである。 このため、 上下部電極は通常一体に設けられ、 これら下部電 極が強固な機械的な保持装置で支持するように構成されている。 In other words, the principle of the spot welder is that two superposed workpieces Between the upper and lower electrodes, consisting of a pair of rod-shaped welding guns, from the top and bottom, so that the tip of each electrode, that is, the area that can be sandwiched by the welding tips attached to the opposite ends, in other words, spots or points Welding is carried out by applying pressure, and this is called spot welding. Therefore, the structure of the welding machine is such that the welding tips at the leading ends of the rod-shaped upper electrode and lower electrode are provided to oppose each other, and by lowering the upper electrode toward the lower electrode, the workpiece is locally pressurized. It is welded by energizing. For this reason, the upper and lower electrodes are usually provided integrally, and these lower electrodes are configured to be supported by a strong mechanical holding device.
すなわち、 定置型といわれるものは、 上下部の電極は機械的な保持装 置と一体に固定されているため、一定の場所に据付けられて使用される。 この点が定置型の欠点であって、 溶接の都度、 被溶接物を溶接機のとこ ろまで移動させることとなり、 被溶接物が大型の構造物であると、 その 運搬は大変な重筋作業となる。 That is, what is called a stationary type is used by being installed in a fixed place because the upper and lower electrodes are fixed integrally with a mechanical holding device. This is a disadvantage of the stationary type, and the workpiece is moved to the welding machine every time welding is performed.If the workpiece is a large-sized structure, it must be transported with heavy heavy work. It becomes.
また、 金属枠や金属箱などを製造するときには、 これらの内部に溶接 すべきところがかくれ、 どうしても溶接できないところが残って、 この ところは別の溶接法、 例えばアーク溶接などに依存することになつて好 ましくない。 Also, when manufacturing metal frames and metal boxes, the places to be welded are hidden inside these parts, leaving places that cannot be welded. This is a good place to rely on other welding methods, such as arc welding. Not good.
このところから、 定置型のスポヅ ト溶接機に代ってポ一夕ブル型の溶 接機を用いることが行なわれている。 ポータブル型の溶接機は上下部の
電極の一方又は双方を溶接機本体から分離し、 この間をフレキシブルな 導電ケーブルで接続して上下部の電極の少なくとも一方を自由に移動で きるように構成したものである。 From this point, a portable type welding machine has been used instead of a stationary type spot welding machine. Portable type welding machine One or both of the electrodes are separated from the welding machine body, and a space between them is connected by a flexible conductive cable so that at least one of the upper and lower electrodes can be freely moved.
しかし、 ポータブル型は、 例えば、 上部電極が可搬式として構成し自 由に移動できるが、 例えば上部電極に一体として加圧機構を設けること ができない。 このため、 溶接時の加圧力が制限されて所定の強度の溶接 継手が得られない。 However, in the portable type, for example, the upper electrode is configured to be portable and can move freely, but for example, a pressurizing mechanism cannot be provided integrally with the upper electrode. For this reason, the welding pressure at the time of welding is limited, and a welded joint having a predetermined strength cannot be obtained.
このようなところから、 この発明者らは、 先に、 曰本国特願平 0 5— 1 3 9 5 4 3号明細書に示す構造のスポッ ト溶接機を提案した。 In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have previously proposed a spot welding machine having a structure described in Japanese Patent Application No. 05-1393954.
このスポッ ト溶接機は、 上下部の電極のうちで上部電極は先端に溶接 チップを具える棒状の溶接ガンとして構成するが、 下部電極を板状の導 電性材料から成る板状電極から構成するものである。 この溶接機では下 部電極の表面のいずれのところも通電部分として働くことができる。 こ のため、 上部電極を下部電極上に置いた被溶接物の被溶接点に応じて移 動させると、 被溶接物を移動させることなく溶接できる。 さらに、 この 移動する上部電極は横向き姿勢に保持された棒状の横向きガンとして構 成され、 この横向きガンの中間点で支持ボストを介して回転自在に支持 され、 この支持ボス トが平面移動機構によって板状の下部電極の全面に わたって自由に平面移動できるように構成されている。 このため、 下部 電極の上の被溶接点のところまで支持ボス トとともに上部電極の溶接ガ
ンは横向き姿勢のままで自由に移動させて位置決めできるとともに、 横 向きの溶接ガンの後端を上向きに引き上げると、 横向き溶接ガン先端の 溶接チップは中間点を中心として下向きに旋回して下降し、 被溶接点の ところに所定の加圧力が加えられてスポッ ト溶接できる。 In this spot welding machine, the upper electrode of the upper and lower electrodes is configured as a rod-shaped welding gun having a welding tip at the tip, but the lower electrode is configured of a plate-shaped electrode made of a plate-shaped conductive material. Is what you do. In this welding machine, any part of the surface of the lower electrode can serve as a current-carrying part. Therefore, if the upper electrode is moved according to the welding point of the workpiece placed on the lower electrode, welding can be performed without moving the workpiece. Further, the moving upper electrode is configured as a rod-shaped horizontal gun held in a horizontal posture, and is rotatably supported at a midpoint of the horizontal gun through a support bost. It is configured so that it can freely move in a plane over the entire surface of the plate-like lower electrode. For this reason, the welding gauze of the upper electrode together with the support boss up to the point to be welded on the lower electrode The horizontal welding gun can be freely moved and positioned in the horizontal position, and when the rear end of the horizontal welding gun is pulled upward, the welding tip at the tip of the horizontal welding gun turns downward around the middle point and descends. However, spot welding can be performed by applying a predetermined pressing force to the point to be welded.
このスポッ ト溶接機は、 上部電極における横向き溶接ガンの後端に上 向きの引張り力を加え、 それに応じて先端の溶接チップに働く下向きの 回転モーメントを溶接時の加圧力として利用する溶接機であるから、 上 部電極における溶接ガン先端の溶接チップは箱などの被溶接物の内部に 侵入させ、 内部にかくれた被溶接点も加圧、 通電して溶接できる。 This spot welding machine applies an upward pulling force to the rear end of the horizontal welding gun at the upper electrode, and uses the downward rotating moment acting on the welding tip at the tip as the pressing force during welding. Therefore, the welding tip at the tip of the welding gun in the upper electrode can penetrate the inside of the workpiece, such as a box, and the welded point hidden inside can be welded by applying pressure and current.
このスポッ ト溶接機は、 溶接時の加圧力は上部電極における横向き溶 接ガン先端の溶接チップに働く上向きに引張り力の回転モーメントであ つてその値は上部電極における横向き溶接ガンの長さに左右される。 こ のほかに、 横向き溶接ガンを回転自在に支持する支持ボス トゃこの支持 ボストを自由に平面移動させる平面移動機構が必要であって、 とくに、 平面移動機構の構造や使用を重ねることによっての構造の劣化によって 溶接ガン先端の溶接チップの位置決め精度が左右される。 In this spot welding machine, the welding pressure during welding is the rotational moment of the upward pulling force acting on the welding tip at the tip of the horizontal welding gun at the upper electrode, and its value depends on the length of the horizontal welding gun at the upper electrode. Is done. In addition to this, a support boss that rotatably supports the horizontal welding gun is required.A plane moving mechanism that freely moves the support boss on a plane is required.Especially, the structure and use of the plane moving mechanism are repeated. Deterioration of the structure affects the positioning accuracy of the welding tip at the welding gun tip.
すなわち、 スポッ ト溶接において最も重要な条件は電流密度、 溶接温 度および加圧力といわれている。 スポッ ト溶接そのものは元来温度のわ からない熱源を利用するものであって、 溶接温度は本質的に精度よく制 御できていないものである。 支持ポストやその平面移動機構、 とくに、
平面移動機構が溶接時の高い加圧力、 エアーシリンダその他の重い支持 荷重に対し十分に耐えるような構造的改善をはかられていないと、 高い 位置決め精度で高加圧のもとで溶接できない欠点がある。 しかし、 この 点についての改善が認められないのが現状である。 In other words, the most important conditions in spot welding are said to be current density, welding temperature and pressure. Spot welding itself uses a heat source whose temperature is not known by nature, and the welding temperature is essentially not controlled precisely. Support post and its plane moving mechanism, especially Unless the plane moving mechanism has been structurally improved enough to withstand high welding pressure, air cylinders, and other heavy supporting loads, welding cannot be performed under high pressure with high positioning accuracy. There is. However, no improvement has been observed in this regard.
更にくわしく説明すると、 スポッ ト溶接は元来温度のわからない熱源 を利用した溶接法であるが、 この点は合致する溶接治具や工具の選択、 さらに、 所謂職人的技量と経験によってある程度修正できる。 しかし、 上部電極における横向き溶接ガンの支持構造や横向き溶接ガンなどの平 面移動機構は、 これらを支持する支持アームを少なく とも 2つの分割ァ —ムを連結して構成し、 各分割アームを回転自在の回転軸により旋回で きるように構成したものである。 このため、 使用を重ねると回転軸がゆ るみ又は破損する。 このところを考慮して改善が行なわれていない。 とくに、 上部電極には溶接ガンとともにェアーシリンダなどの加圧装 置も一体に設けられている。 このように重い上部電極を所謂片持はりの ように支持アームによって支持するため、 エア—シリンダなどの荷重の ほかに、 加圧時に大きな曲げモ一メントおよび捩りモーメントなどが瞬 間的に支持アームにかかる。 溶接のときに一旦定め溶接チップの位置を 定めておいても、 溶接部の位置が被溶接点からづれることが多く、 所定 位置に溶接スポッ 卜できないという問題がある。 In more detail, spot welding is a welding method that uses a heat source whose temperature is not known, but this point can be modified to some extent by the selection of matching welding jigs and tools, and the so-called craftsmanship and experience. However, in the upper electrode, the support structure for the horizontal welding gun and the horizontal movement mechanism such as the horizontal welding gun, the supporting arms that support them are configured by connecting at least two split arms, and each split arm is rotated. It is configured to be able to turn with a free rotating shaft. For this reason, the rotating shaft will be loosened or damaged after repeated use. No improvement has been made in light of this. In particular, a pressurizing device such as a air cylinder is provided integrally with the upper electrode along with the welding gun. Since such a heavy upper electrode is supported by a support arm like a so-called cantilever beam, in addition to the load of the air-cylinder, a large bending moment and torsional moment during pressurization are instantaneously applied to the support arm. It takes Even if the position of the welding tip is determined once at the time of welding, the position of the welded part is often shifted from the point to be welded, and there is a problem that the welding spot cannot be located at a predetermined position.
上部電極は、 横向き溶接ガンに加圧力を加えるェアーシリンダなどが
一体に設けられ、 このような構造の上部電極は一体として下部電極上で 平面方向に移動自在に支持されている。 このため、 上部電極は支持ァー ムの先端又は遊端で所謂片持はりのように支持されているが、 この支持 アームは少なく とも 2つの分割アームが回転軸を介して連結されて構成 されている。 The upper electrode is a hair cylinder that applies pressure to the horizontal welding gun. The upper electrode having such a structure is integrally provided, and is integrally supported on the lower electrode so as to be movable in a plane direction. For this reason, the upper electrode is supported like a so-called cantilever at the tip or free end of the support arm, but this support arm is configured by connecting at least two split arms via a rotating shaft. ing.
このため、 上部電極を平面方向に移動させるときは、 上部電極を支持 する支持アームにおいて少なくとも 1つの分割アームを回転軸のところ で旋回させることによって支持アームを伸縮し、 このようにして上部電 極における横向き溶接ガンの溶接チップを所定のところに位置決めして 溶接することになる。 For this reason, when the upper electrode is moved in the plane direction, at least one split arm of the support arm that supports the upper electrode expands and contracts by rotating at least one split arm at the rotation axis, and thus the upper electrode is moved. In this case, the welding tip of the horizontal welding gun is positioned at a predetermined position and welded.
しかし、 このような分割アームを回転軸を介して連結させて成る平面 移動機構であると、 溶接チップの位置決めのために、 1つの分割アーム を隣りの他の分割アームに対して旋回させると、 支持アームは全体とし てジグザグの平面形状になって捩りが大きくなり、 加圧のときにはエア —シリンダによって瞬間的にかかる下向き加圧力などが作用し、 それに 伴って大きな曲げモーメントやほかに捩りモーメントなどがかかり、 と くに、 分割アームの結合部、 つまり結合させる回転軸に加わる。 However, in the case of a plane moving mechanism in which such divided arms are connected via a rotary shaft, if one divided arm is rotated with respect to another adjacent divided arm for positioning of a welding tip, The support arm has a zigzag plane shape as a whole, resulting in increased torsion. When pressurized, the air-cylinder momentarily applies a downward pressure, which causes a large bending moment and other torsional moments. In particular, it is applied to the joint of the split arms, that is, the rotating shaft to be joined.
このため、 分割アームの回転軸のところには、 溶接時にはこれら曲げ や捩りの偶力が加わり、 溶接により使用頻度が多くなると、 回転軸がづ れて位置づれが起こり、 この位置づれによって所定の位置にスポッ ト溶
接できない。 このような荷重や偶力が加わることが重なると、 回転軸に よる結合がゆるみ、 その都度補修しないと使用できなくなる。 For this reason, these bending and torsional couples are applied to the rotating shaft of the split arm during welding, and if the frequency of use increases due to welding, the rotating shaft will be misaligned, resulting in a predetermined position. Spot melting at position I can't get in touch. If such loads and couples overlap, the connection by the rotating shaft will be loosened and cannot be used unless repaired each time.
つけ加えると、 被溶接物がアルミニウム材ゃステンレス鋼材から成る ときは、 瞬間的に加えられる加圧力を高める必要がある。 この加圧力が 高められると、捩りモーメントや曲げモーメントの大きさは大きくなり、 上記のとおりに構成される先の提案に係るスポッ ト溶接機ではアルミ二 ゥム材やステンレス鋼材で溶接できないという欠点がある。 発明の開示 In addition, when the object to be welded is made of aluminum / stainless steel, it is necessary to increase the momentarily applied pressure. When this pressure is increased, the magnitude of the torsional moment and the bending moment increases, and the spot welding machine according to the previous proposal configured as described above cannot perform welding with aluminum or stainless steel. There is. Disclosure of the invention
この発明は、 平坦な導電性板状材からなる下部電極と、 この下部電極 上に置かれた被溶接物を下部電極との間ではさんで加圧通電して抵抗溶 接する上部電極とを具えるスポッ ト抵抗溶接機である。 The present invention includes a lower electrode made of a flat conductive plate-like material, and an upper electrode that is to be welded and placed on the lower electrode and that is pressurized and energized by resistance current welding between the lower electrode. It is a spot resistance welding machine.
また、 上部電極の一部として取付けられて被溶接物を下向きに加圧通 電して抵抗溶接する溶接チップと、 下部電極上において略々水平に配置 され遊端で上部電極を支持する一方、 自由に伸縮又は折りたたみできる 支持アームと、 この支持アームの一部として設けられ対向端部が互いに 連結される少なくとも 2つの分割アームと、 これら分割アームのうちで 2つの隣接する分割アーム間において互いに対向する対向端部を連結す る連結装置とを具える。 A welding tip that is mounted as a part of the upper electrode and conducts resistance welding by applying a downward pressure to the work to be welded, and is disposed substantially horizontally on the lower electrode to support the upper electrode at the free end; A supporting arm that can be freely expanded and contracted or folded; at least two divided arms provided as a part of the supporting arm and having opposing ends connected to each other; and opposing each other between two adjacent divided arms among these divided arms And a coupling device for coupling the opposed ends.
また、 この連結装置には、 2つの隣接する分割アームのうちの一方の
分割アームの対向端部に取付けられる円筒状支承体と、 この円筒状支承 体内に挿入されかつ他方の分割アームの対向端部に取付けられる固定軸 と、 この固定軸の周りに取付けられて円筒状支承体を介して一方の分割 アームを旋回自在に支承する円錐軸受とを設ける。 This coupling device also has one of the two adjacent split arms A cylindrical support attached to the opposite end of the split arm; a fixed shaft inserted into the cylindrical support and attached to the opposite end of the other split arm; and a cylindrical mounted around the fixed shaft. A conical bearing is provided for rotatably supporting one of the split arms via a support body.
また、 上部電極の一部として横向き姿勢で使用される横向き溶接ガン を設け、 この横向き溶接ガンを先端に溶接チップを具えるシャンク筒と このシャンク筒が抜差自在に挿入されるガン本体とから構成する。 また、 この上部電極に、 横向き溶接ガンにおけるガン本体の後端に上 向きの引張るエアーシリンダを設ける。 In addition, a horizontal welding gun used in a horizontal position is provided as a part of the upper electrode, and a shank tube having a welding tip at the tip and a gun body into which the shank tube is freely inserted. Constitute. The upper electrode is provided with an air cylinder that pulls upward at the rear end of the gun body in the horizontal welding gun.
また、 ガン本体の後端を自由に回転できるように構成する。 図面の簡単な説明 Also, the rear end of the gun body is configured to rotate freely. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
図 1はこの発明の一つの実施例に係るスポッ ト溶接機における溶接機 構の説明図である。 FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a welding mechanism in a spot welding machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.
図 2はこの発明の一つの実施例に係るスポッ ト溶接機を上方から見た ときの平面図である。 FIG. 2 is a plan view of a spot welding machine according to one embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above.
図 3は図 2に示す溶接機の一つ側面から見たときの側面図である。 図 4は図 2に示す溶接機の下部電極の一例の部分断面図である。 図 5は図 2および図 3に示すスポッ ト溶接機における分割アームの組 立図である。
図 6は図 5に示す分割アームの一部の断面図である。 FIG. 3 is a side view when viewed from one side of the welding machine shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of an example of a lower electrode of the welding machine shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is an assembly view of the split arm in the spot welding machine shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a part of the split arm shown in FIG.
図 7は上部電極の一部として設けられた横向き溶接ガンの側面図であ る。 発明を実施するための最良の形態 FIG. 7 is a side view of the horizontal welding gun provided as a part of the upper electrode. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
なお、 図 1には、 上記のとおり、 本発明の好適な実施例に係るスポッ ト溶接機についてその溶接機構が線図として示されている。 この溶接機 構は、 先にこの発明者らが提案したスポッ ト溶接機の溶接機構とも同等 であって、 このところをこの発明は新規とするものでない。 Note that, as described above, FIG. 1 shows, as a diagram, the welding mechanism of the spot welding machine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. This welding mechanism is equivalent to the welding mechanism of the spot welding machine previously proposed by the present inventors, and the present invention is not new here.
要するに、 本発明は図 1に示すところと同等の溶接機構によりスポッ ト溶接を行なうスポッ ト溶接機であるが、 その特徴とするところはこの スポッ ト溶接を安定して行なうことができ、 とくに、 アルミニゥム材や ステンレス鋼板などのように高い加圧力を必要とするものであっても安 定してスポッ ト溶接できる構造のスポッ ト溶接機を提供することにある ( そこで、 このところの構造について以下において説明する。 In short, the present invention is a spot welding machine that performs spot welding by a welding mechanism equivalent to that shown in FIG. 1, and the feature of the spot welding machine is that the spot welding can be performed stably. even those requiring high pressure, such as Aruminiumu material or stainless steel to provide a spot welding machine having a structure capable spot welding with stable (Therefore, the structure of the place below Will be described.
まず、 図 1、 図 2および図 3において符号 1 0 0で一般的にスポッ ト 溶接機を示す。 スポッ ト溶接機 1 0 0においては符号 1は溶接機本体、 2は変圧器、 3はサイ リス夕コンタク トなどの電子的開閉器、 4が電子 的開閉器 4の 2つのサイ リス夕、 5は電源、 6は夕イマ一を示し、 これ ら機器が設けられている。 溶接機本体 1においては鋼板、 アルミニウム
板、 ステンレス鋼板その他の金属板などの被溶接物 Wをスポッ ト溶接で き、 高い加圧力を必要とするアルミニウム板やステンレス鋼板も安定し て溶接できる。 First, in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, reference numeral 100 generally indicates a spot welding machine. In the spot welding machine 100, reference numeral 1 is the welding machine main body, 2 is a transformer, 3 is an electronic switch such as a thyristor contact, 4 is an electronic switch of two thyristors 4, 5 Indicates a power source, and 6 indicates an emergency. These devices are provided. Steel plate, aluminum for welding machine body 1 It can spot-weld workpieces W such as sheets, stainless steel sheets, and other metal sheets, and can stably weld aluminum sheets and stainless steel sheets that require high pressure.
溶接機本体 1には互いに対向する下部電極 1 0と上部電極 2 0が設け られ、 下部電極 1 0には平坦な導電性板状材から成る板状電極 1 1が設 けられ、 この板状電極 1 1上に被溶接物 Wは置かれ、 被溶接物 Wはその まま移動させることなく所望の被溶接点に溶接できる。 The welding machine body 1 is provided with a lower electrode 10 and an upper electrode 20 facing each other, and the lower electrode 10 is provided with a plate electrode 11 made of a flat conductive plate material. The workpiece W is placed on the electrode 11 and the workpiece W can be welded to a desired welding point without moving.
すなわち、 例えば、 図 3に示すように、 上部電極 2 0として溶接ガン 2 1を横向き姿勢で用いる場合は、 下部電極 1 0の板状電極 1 1の上に おかれた被溶接物 Wは、 上部電極 2 0における横向き溶接ガン 2 1の先 端の溶接チップ 2 2を下降させることによって加圧されスポット溶接さ れる。 That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the welding gun 21 is used as the upper electrode 20 in a horizontal position, the work W to be welded placed on the plate electrode 11 of the lower electrode 10 is: Pressing is performed by lowering the welding tip 22 at the top end of the horizontal welding gun 21 in the upper electrode 20 to perform spot welding.
また、 下部および上部電極 1 0、 2 0は変圧器 2のそれそれの極に接 続され、 溶接電源 5からの電流は電子的開閉器 4によって整流されると ともに変圧器 2で電圧が調整され下部および上部電極 1 0、 2 0に供給 される。 Also, the lower and upper electrodes 10 and 20 are connected to respective poles of the transformer 2, and the current from the welding power source 5 is rectified by the electronic switch 4 and the voltage is adjusted by the transformer 2. Then, it is supplied to the lower and upper electrodes 10 and 20.
下部電極 1 0は、 先に示す通り、 表面が平坦な導電性板状材から成る 板状電極 1 1が設けられ、 この板状電極 1 1の上には被溶接物 W (図 1 および図 2参照) がおかれ、 このままで被溶接物 Wに所定の加工作業が できる。 この板状電極 1 1は全面にわたって電極を構成し、 上部電極 2
0における横向き溶接ガン 2 1の溶接チヅプ 2 2により加圧されたとこ ろがスポッ ト溶接の溶接チップとして働く。 要するに、 板状電極 1 1の 表面のいずれのところも電極として働き、 被溶接物 Wは動かさずに溶接 できる。 As described above, the lower electrode 10 is provided with a plate-like electrode 11 made of a conductive plate-like material having a flat surface, and the workpiece W (FIGS. 1 and 2) is provided on the plate-like electrode 11. 2), and the specified work can be performed on the workpiece W as it is. This plate-like electrode 11 constitutes an electrode over the entire surface, and the upper electrode 2 The part pressurized by the welding tip 22 of the horizontal welding gun 21 at 0 acts as a welding tip for spot welding. In short, any part of the surface of the plate electrode 11 functions as an electrode, and the workpiece W can be welded without moving.
換言すると、 導電性板状材としては銅又はその合金材が用いられ、 変 圧器 2の一方の極に接続され、 被溶接物 Wにおける所望の被溶接点に点 弧状の溶接部、 つまりナゲッ トが形成できる。 In other words, copper or an alloy thereof is used as the conductive plate-like material, which is connected to one pole of the transformer 2 and is ignited at a desired welding point on the workpiece W, that is, a nugget. Can be formed.
次に、 上部電極 2 0には、 後に示すとおり、 棒状の溶接ガン 2 1を横 向き姿勢で溶接できるように取付けられ、 先端の溶接チップ 2 2が装着 されている。 この溶接チップ 2 2は変圧器 2の他方の極に接続され、 一 方の極に 続される板状電極 1 1 との間で被溶接物 Wをはさんで加熱通 電してスポッ ト溶接される。 Next, a rod-shaped welding gun 21 is attached to the upper electrode 20 so that the welding gun 21 can be welded in a lateral position, as shown later, and a welding tip 22 at the tip is attached. The welding tip 22 is connected to the other pole of the transformer 2, and heat is conducted between the plate electrode 11 connected to one of the poles with the workpiece W interposed therebetween to perform spot welding. Is done.
平たくいうと、 下部電極 1 0における表面の板状電極 1 1の上に被溶 接物 Wを載せると、 板状電極 1 1において、 被溶接物 Wが上部電極 2 0 の溶接チヅ:プ 2 2によって加圧されたところに溶接電流が通電して電極 を形成する。 To put it plainly, when an object to be welded W is placed on the plate electrode 11 on the surface of the lower electrode 10, the object to be welded W on the plate electrode 11 is the welding tip of the upper electrode 20. The welding current is conducted where the pressure is applied by 2 to form an electrode.
したがって、 溶接するときには、 上部電極 2 0において横向き溶接ガ ン 2 1を後記のとおり旋回させて溶接チップ 2 2を被溶接物 Wに当接し て加圧すると、 板状電極 1 1上における被溶接物 Wの接触部分のみが電 極となってスポッ ト溶接される。 つまり、 下部電極 1 0における板状電
極 1 1においては被溶接物 Wとの接触部分と上部電極 2 0における溶接 ガン 2 1の先端、 すなわち、 溶接チップ 2 2との間に被溶接物 Wははさ まれることとなり、このはさまれた部分が抵抗加熱されることになつて、 加圧溶接される。 Therefore, when welding, when the welding tip 22 is pressed against the workpiece W by rotating the horizontal welding gun 21 at the upper electrode 20 as described later, the welding on the plate electrode 11 is performed. Only the contact part of the object W becomes an electrode and is spot welded. That is, the plate-like electrode on the lower electrode 10 At the pole 11, the workpiece W is sandwiched between the contact portion with the workpiece W and the tip of the welding gun 21 at the upper electrode 20, that is, the welding tip 22. The sandwiched part is resistance-heated and pressure welded.
このところから、本発明に係るスポッ ト抵抗溶接機 1 0 0においては、 上部電極 2 0の一部として横向き姿勢で溶接ガン 2 1を取付ける一方、 この溶接ガン 2 1を下部電極 1 0上で略々水平に保持しつつ水平方向に 平面移動させるために、 平面移動機構として対向端部の間が連結装置 4 0によって互いに連結される少なくとも 2つの分割ァ―ム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3から成る支持アーム 3 0を設け、 この支持アーム 3 0の先端で上部 電極 2 0、 少なくとも横向き溶接ガン 2 1を支持する。 このように平面 移動機構を構成すると、 その支持アーム 3 0は自由に伸縮又は折りたた みでき、 これら分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3のうちで、 例えば、 2つの 隣接する分割アーム 3 1、 3 2の間において互いに対向する対向端部が 連結装置 4 0によって連結されているために、 一方の分割アーム 3 1は 他方の分割アーム 3 2に対して旋回でき、 さらに、 他方の分割アーム 3 2はもう一つの分割アーム 3 3に対して旋回できる。 このため、 支持ァ —ム 3 0において所望に応じて個々の分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3を旋 回させると、 支持アーム 3 0は伸長又は縮少でき、 それに応じて横向き 溶接ガン 2 1を自由に平面移動できる。
すなわち、 支持アーム 3 0は、 図 2および図 3で示すように少なく と も 2つの分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3から成って、 その間は連結装置 4 0によって連結されている。 連結装置 4 0においては、 図 5および図 6 に示すように、 2つの隣接する分割アーム 3 1、 3 2のうち一方の分割 アーム 3 1の対向端部に円筒状支承体 4 1を取付け、 一方において、 他 方の分割アーム 3 2の対向端部に固定軸 4 2を取付ける。 この固定軸 4 2は円筒状支承体 4 1内に挿入し、 この固定軸 4 2の周りに円錐軸受 4 3を配設して、 この円錐軸受 4 3を介して回転する円筒状支承体 4 1に よって一方の分割アーム 3 1が旋回されるように構成する。 From this, in the spot resistance welding machine 100 according to the present invention, the welding gun 21 is mounted in a horizontal position as a part of the upper electrode 20 while the welding gun 21 is mounted on the lower electrode 10. At least two split arms 31, 32, 33 that are connected to each other by a connecting device 40 between opposing ends as a plane moving mechanism in order to move the plane horizontally in a horizontal direction while maintaining substantially horizontal. A support arm 30 is provided, and the top end of the support arm 30 supports the upper electrode 20 and at least the horizontal welding gun 21. When the plane moving mechanism is configured in this manner, the support arm 30 can be freely extended and contracted or folded. For example, among the divided arms 31, 32, and 33, for example, two adjacent divided arms 3 Since the opposed ends facing each other between 1 and 32 are connected by the connecting device 40, one of the split arms 31 can rotate with respect to the other split arm 32, and the other split arm 31 can be rotated. Arm 32 can pivot with respect to another split arm 33. For this reason, by turning the individual split arms 31, 32, 33 as desired in the support arm 30, the support arm 30 can be extended or contracted, and the lateral welding gun 2 accordingly. You can freely move 1 on a plane. That is, the support arm 30 is composed of at least two divided arms 31, 32, 33 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and connected by the connecting device 40 therebetween. In the coupling device 40, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a cylindrical support body 41 is attached to the opposite end of one of the two adjacent divided arms 31 and 32. On one hand, a fixed shaft 42 is attached to the opposite end of the other split arm 32. The fixed shaft 42 is inserted into the cylindrical bearing 41, and a conical bearing 43 is disposed around the fixed shaft 42, and the cylindrical bearing 4 rotating via the conical bearing 43. 1 is configured so that one of the split arms 31 is turned.
また、 固定軸 4 2を、 図 5および図 6に示すように、 押え部材 4 4に よって上方から押さえて固定する場合は、 固定軸 4 2ならびに押え部材 4 4の周りに円錐軸受 4 3を上下に分けて配設する。 この場合、 押え部 材 4 4を直接固定軸 4 2、 例えばその肩部 4 2 1に接触させることなく 上から押さえる。 この場合、 僅かな間隙 Gを残して押さえる。 このよう に押さえると、 押え部材 4 4を押し下げると、 はじめに、 上方に配設さ れた円錐軸受 4 3が押圧され、 円錐軸受 4 3の転動の円滑化をはかり、 さらに押え部材 4 4を押し下げ、 上方の円錐軸受 4 3は間隙 Gをこえて 下降すると、 下方の円錐軸受 4 3も押されその転動の円滑化がはかるこ とができる。 このように上下方の円錐軸受群を分けて調整するのは、 固 定軸 4 2から負担荷重が軸線方向で異なり、 上方の負担荷重が下方に較
ベると大きいからである。 When the fixed shaft 42 is pressed down and fixed by the pressing member 44 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a conical bearing 43 is fixed around the fixed shaft 42 and the pressing member 44. It is divided into upper and lower parts. In this case, the holding member 44 is pressed from above without directly contacting the fixed shaft 42, for example, its shoulder portion 421. In this case, it is kept with a small gap G. When the holding member 44 is pressed down in this manner, when the holding member 44 is pressed down, the conical bearing 43 disposed above is first pressed, and the rolling of the conical bearing 43 is smoothed. When it is pushed down and the upper conical bearing 43 descends beyond the gap G, the lower conical bearing 43 is also pushed and the rolling thereof can be smoothed. In this way, the upper and lower cone bearing groups are adjusted separately because the load imposed on the fixed shaft 42 differs in the axial direction, and the load imposed on the upper Because it is big.
さらに連結装置 4 0について説明すると、 連結装置 4 0は隣接する 2 つの分割アーム 3 1、 3 2を互いに連結するものであって支持アーム 3 0の一部を成している。 この部分にはせん断、 曲げ、 捩り、 引張り、 圧 縮などの応力がく り返しかかる。 すなわち、 エア一シリンダその他の上 部電極などの荷重が下向きにかかり、 溶接時にはェアーシリンダなどの に上向きの引張りにより高い加圧力が上向きにかかる。 これに起因する 応力はく り返してかかる。 このため、 連結装置 4 0やその構成部品がた わんで構成部品の組み付けがゆるんで上部電極 2 0における溶接ガン 2 1を正確に位置決めすることがむづかしくなる。 さらに、 使用を重ねる と、 僅か 1〜2年程度でもっかれによって構成部品が破損する。 The connecting device 40 is further described. The connecting device 40 connects two adjacent divided arms 31 and 32 to each other and forms a part of the support arm 30. This area is subject to repeated stresses such as shearing, bending, torsion, tension, and compression. That is, the load on the air cylinder and other upper electrodes is applied downward, and during welding, a high pressing force is applied upward by pulling upward on the air cylinder and other parts. The stress resulting from this is applied repeatedly. For this reason, the connecting device 40 and its components are deflected, and the components are loosely assembled, making it difficult to accurately position the welding gun 21 in the upper electrode 20. In addition, repeated use can damage the components in just one to two years.
このところから、 連結装置 4 0では、 支持アーム 3 0を構成する分割 ァ一ム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3の回転中心となる軸は固定し、 この固定された 固定軸を中心として回転できるように構成する。 '例えば、 隣り合う分割 アーム 3 1、 3 2において、 他方の分割アーム 3 2の対向端部に固定軸 4 2を固定し、 この固定軸 4 2を中心として一方の分割アーム 3 1をそ れに取付けた円筒状支承体 4 1を介して回転できるように構成する。 また、 固定軸 4 2はいずれの態様によっても固定できるが、 図 6に示 すように、 上下から固定プレート 4 5、 4 6を用いて固定することがで きる。 これに伴って、 上部固定プレート 4 5に固定軸 4 2を固定すると
きは、 詳細な図示は省略するが、 所謂口ックナッ ト 4 7を用いることが でき、 このように固定すると、 間隙 Gを残したままゆるみなくロックで き、 このロックナッ ト 4 7の周囲から押え部材 4 4を押し下げ調整でき るよう構成できる。 すなわち、 押え部材 4 4は、 図 5ならびに図 6に示 すように、 段付き円筒体として構成し、 この中を固定軸 4 2の上部が貫 通している。 From this point, in the connecting device 40, the shafts serving as the rotation centers of the divided arms 31 1, 32, and 33 constituting the support arm 30 are fixed, and can be rotated around the fixed shaft. The configuration is as follows. 'For example, in the adjacent divided arms 3 1 and 3 2, a fixed shaft 42 is fixed to the opposite end of the other divided arm 32, and one of the divided arms 31 is centered on the fixed shaft 42. It is configured to be rotatable via a cylindrical support body 41 attached to the base. Further, the fixed shaft 42 can be fixed in any mode, but as shown in FIG. 6, can be fixed from above and below by using fixed plates 45 and 46. Along with this, when the fixed shaft 4 2 is fixed to the upper fixed plate 4 5 Although a detailed illustration is omitted, a so-called knuckle 47 can be used, and if it is fixed in this manner, it can be locked without loosening while leaving the gap G. The member 44 can be configured so that it can be adjusted by pushing down. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the holding member 44 is formed as a stepped cylindrical body, through which the upper part of the fixed shaft 42 penetrates.
また、 押え部材 4 4は固定軸 4 2にキ—などで止められて一体化して 構成され、 これが分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3の旋回のときの中心軸と して働き、;このようにあたかも中心軸が分割された構造であると、 押え 部材 4 4と固定軸 4 2とをそれそれ円錐軸受 4 3で支承でき、 連結装置 4 0に加わる種々の荷重や応力による影響を回避できる。 Also, the holding member 44 is integrally formed by being fixed to the fixed shaft 42 with a key or the like, and this serves as a central axis when the divided arms 31, 32, and 33 rotate; As if the center shaft had a split structure, the holding member 4 4 and the fixed shaft 42 could be supported by conical bearings 4 3, respectively, avoiding the effects of various loads and stresses applied to the coupling device 40. it can.
また、 連結装置 4 0を介して連結される 2つの分割アーム 3 1、 3 2 の間において一方の分割アーム 3 1に旋回調整部材 5 0を設け (図 5参 照)、この旋回調整部材 5 0に他方の分割アーム 3 2側の固定プレート 4 5を当接させるように構成する。 このように構成すると、 隣り合う分割 アーム 3 1、 3 2の間において、 分割アームを旋回させて支持アーム 3 0を伸縮するときに、 個々の分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3の軸線が一つ の直線を成すようなことは避けられ、互いに干渉することは避けられる。 すなわち、 支持アーム 3 0においては、 例えば、 2つの隣接する分割 アーム 3 1、 3 2間で一方の分割アーム 3 1が他方の分割アーム 3 2に
対し旋回できるように構成され、 上部電極 2 0の平面移動のときは一方 の分割アーム 3 1に対し他方の分割アーム 3 2を旋回させ、 その旋回の 程度によって支持アーム 3 0を伸縮させて上部電極 2 0を平面移動させ る。 このときに分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3の軸線が一つの直線にそろ つて、 支持アーム 3 0に真直ぐに伸びることになる。 このように伸びた 分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3に軸線方向から力を加えても、 分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3は全く回転できない。 このように隣り合う分割アーム 3 1、 3 2の間の挾角が零になることが起こると、 一方の分割アーム 3 1を隣り合う他方の分割ァ―ム 3 2に対し旋回させるのに支障を来たす が、 本発明においては、 他方の分割アーム 3 2側の固定軸 4 2を上下か ら固定プレート 4 5、 4 6によって固定するのに対し、 一方の分割ァ— ム 3 1に旋回調整 ^材 5 0を設けているため、 このような問題は起こら ず、 確実に回避できる。 Also, between the two split arms 31 and 32 connected via the connecting device 40, one of the split arms 31 is provided with a turning adjustment member 50 (see FIG. 5). The fixing plate 45 on the other split arm 32 side is brought into contact with 0. With this configuration, when the split arm is swiveled to expand and contract the support arm 30 between the adjacent split arms 3 1 and 3 2, the axes of the individual split arms 3 1, 3 2 and 3 3 are aligned. It is not possible to make one straight line and to interfere with each other. That is, in the support arm 30, for example, one split arm 31 is connected to the other split arm 32 between two adjacent split arms 31, 32. When the upper electrode 20 moves in a plane, the other arm 32 is rotated with respect to one arm 31, and the support arm 30 is extended and contracted according to the degree of the rotation. The electrode 20 is moved in a plane. At this time, the axes of the divided arms 31, 32, 33 are aligned with one straight line, and extend straight to the support arm 30. Even if a force is applied to the extended arm 31, 32, 33 from the axial direction, the arm 31, 31, 32, 33 cannot rotate at all. If the angle between the adjacent divided arms 31 and 32 becomes zero as described above, it becomes difficult to rotate one of the divided arms 31 with respect to the other of the adjacent divided arms 32. According to the present invention, while the fixed shaft 42 on the other split arm 32 is fixed from above and below by the fixed plates 45 and 46, the pivotal adjustment is performed on one split arm 31. Since the material 50 is provided, such a problem does not occur and can be reliably avoided.
また、 下部電極 1 0の一部として設けられる板状電極 1 1は銅又はそ の合金からなる平坦な導電性材料から構成され、 この板状の下部電極 1 0はその上に被溶接材 Wがおかれて所定の加工などの作業ができるよう に構成する。 Further, the plate-like electrode 11 provided as a part of the lower electrode 10 is made of a flat conductive material made of copper or an alloy thereof, and the plate-like lower electrode 10 has the material W to be welded thereon. It is configured so that work such as predetermined processing can be performed after the work is completed.
すなわち、 下部電極 1 0の表面は平坦な板状電極 1 1として構成する とともに、溶接時の高い加圧力に耐えられるように構成する。このため、 例えば格子状や棒状の枠体として構成し、 その表面に板状電極 1 1を設
ける。 このように板状電極 1 1を設ける場合、 図 4に示すとおり、 絶縁 材 1 2を介在させ、 一方において板状電極 1 1を例えばス夕ッ ド状の導 電端子 1 3を介して変圧器 2の一方の極に接続され、 導電端子 1 3の周 囲は絶縁材から成る管状材 1 4ゃヮッシャ 1 5によって包囲されて絶縁 される。 That is, the surface of the lower electrode 10 is configured as a flat plate-like electrode 11 and configured to withstand a high pressing force during welding. For this reason, for example, it is configured as a lattice or rod-shaped frame, and the plate-like electrode 11 is provided on the surface. I can. When the plate-like electrode 11 is provided in this manner, as shown in FIG. 4, an insulating material 12 is interposed, and the plate-like electrode 11 is transformed on the other hand through, for example, a conductive terminal 13 in the form of a screw. It is connected to one pole of the container 2, and the periphery of the conductive terminal 13 is surrounded and insulated by the tubular member 14 made of insulating material and the washer 15.
また、 上記のところでは、 上部電極 2 0について横向き姿勢で使用す る溶接ガン 2 1を中心として説明したが、 本発明はいずれの使用姿勢の 溶接ガンも用いることができる。 Further, in the above description, the description has been made centering on the welding gun 21 used for the upper electrode 20 in the horizontal position, but the present invention can use a welding gun in any used position.
また、 横向き溶接ガン 2 1は、 てこ機構を利用してエアーシリンダ 6 0などを介して先端の溶接チップ 2 2に加圧力が加わるよう構成されて いる。 すなわち、 図 7に示すように、 ガン本体 2 3およびシャンク管 2 4から成って、 シャンク管 2 4の先端に溶接チップ 2 2が取付けられて いる。 Further, the horizontal welding gun 21 is configured to apply a pressing force to the welding tip 22 at the distal end through an air cylinder 60 or the like using a lever mechanism. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a welding tip 22 is attached to the tip of the shank tube 24, which is composed of a gun body 23 and a shank tube 24.
また、 このように溶接ガン 2 1やエア—シリンダ 6 0を具える上部電 極 2 0は支持アーム 3 0を介して支柱 7 0によって支持する。 In addition, the upper electrode 20 including the welding gun 21 and the air cylinder 60 is supported by the column 70 via the support arm 30.
すなわち、 上部電極 2 0には、 溶接ガン 2 1、 この溶接ガン 2 1を回 転自在に支持する支持ボス ト 8 0、 支持ボス ト 8 0で支持されるエアー シリンダ 6 0が設けられている。 That is, the upper electrode 20 is provided with a welding gun 21, a support boss 80 that rotatably supports the welding gun 21, and an air cylinder 60 that is supported by the support boss 80. .
したがって、 溶接するときには、 各分割アーム 3 1、 3 2、 3 3を連 結装置 4 0を介して旋回させ、 支持アーム 3 0を自由に伸縮させ、 溶接
ガン 2 1はエア一シリンダ 6 0とともに自由に平面移動させ、 溶接チヅ プ 2 2を所定の被溶接点に位置決めする。 Therefore, when performing welding, each of the divided arms 31, 32, and 33 is turned through the connecting device 40, and the support arm 30 is freely extended and contracted, and the welding is performed. The gun 21 freely moves in a plane together with the air cylinder 60 to position the welding chip 22 at a predetermined welding point.
また、 上部電極 2 0において横向き姿勢に用いられる溶接ガン 2 1に おいては、 ガン本体 2 3とシャンク管 2 4とは拔差自在に構成し、 シャ ンク管 2 4の先端にも溶接チップ 2 2を拔差自在に装着し、 所望に応じ て中心軸を沿って水冷通路を形成し、 この冷却水によって溶接チップ 2 Further, in the welding gun 21 used for the upper electrode 20 in the horizontal position, the gun body 23 and the shank tube 24 are configured to be able to be pulled out freely, and the welding tip is also provided at the tip of the shank tube 24. 22 is detachably mounted, and a water cooling passage is formed along the central axis as required.
2が冷却されるよう構成される。 2 is configured to be cooled.
一方、 ガン本体 2 3の後端には、 所望に応じてハンドル 2 5を取付け る一方、 ガン本体 2 3の先端は支持ボスト 8 0の下端における折曲げ部 8 1の回転軸 8 2で回転自在に支持する。 支持ボスト 8 0は、 中空の管 状に構成され、 その内部にワイヤ—などの引張り部材を揷通し、 この引 張り部材の下端をガン本体 2 3の後端部に連結し、 上端をェアーシリン ダ 6 0に連結する。 On the other hand, a handle 25 is attached to the rear end of the gun body 23 as required, while the tip of the gun body 23 is rotated about the rotation axis 82 of the bent portion 81 at the lower end of the support bost 80. Support freely. The support bost 80 is formed in a hollow tube shape, through which a tension member such as a wire is inserted, the lower end of the tension member is connected to the rear end of the gun body 23, and the upper end is a hair cylinder. Connect to 60.
このように構成すると、 横向き姿勢に保持されている溶接ガン 2 1に おいてはガン本体 2 3の後端部にワイヤーなどをエア一シリンダ 6 0に よって上向きの引張り力が与えられると、 溶接ガン 2 1は回転軸 8 2を 中心として旋回し、 この旋回によって溶接チヅプ 2 2は下向きに旋回し て被溶接材 Wを加圧し溶接する。 With such a configuration, in the welding gun 21 held in the horizontal position, when an upward pulling force is applied to the rear end portion of the gun body 23 by the air cylinder 60, the welding is performed. The gun 21 pivots about the rotation axis 82, and by this rotation, the welding tip 22 pivots downward and presses and welds the workpiece W.
要するに、 以上のとおり、 溶接ガン 2 1を横向き姿勢で使用しても溶 接ガン 2 1そのものが回転軸 8 2を支点とするてこ機構であるため、 ェ
アーシリンダ 6 0によって与えられる上向きの引張り力は先端の溶接チ ヅプ 2 2に回転モーメントとして伝達される。 このため、 被溶接部のと ころに溶接チップ 2 2が侵入できれば、 内部にかくされた被溶接部であ つても加圧溶接できる。 さらに、 加圧力はこの回転モーメントであるた め、 抜差自在のシャンク管 2 4の長さの調整によって調整でき、 その調 整がきわめて容易である。 In short, as described above, even when the welding gun 21 is used in the horizontal position, the welding gun 21 itself is a lever mechanism with the rotating shaft 82 as a fulcrum. The upward tensile force provided by the arc cylinder 60 is transmitted to the welding tip 22 at the tip as a rotational moment. For this reason, if the welding tip 22 can penetrate into the portion to be welded, pressure welding can be performed even on the portion to be welded that is hidden inside. Further, since the applied pressure is this rotational moment, it can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the freely removable shank tube 24, and the adjustment is extremely easy.
また、 溶接ガン 2 1にワイヤ—などの引張り部材をリング状の緩衝部 材 2 6の介在のもとで連結すると、 ハンドル 2 5の操作によって溶接チ ップ 2 2を上下させることができる。 枠や箱などの被溶接物 Wの内部に 障害物が突出しているときでも、 それをのりこえることができる。 また、 上記のところでは、 上部電極 2 0について溶接ガン 2 1を横向 き姿勢として用いた場合を中心として説明したが、 溶接ガンは縦向き姿 勢としても使用でき、 この場合はエア一シリンダなどにより直接昇降さ せるように構成すれば十分である。 産業上の利用可能性 Further, when a tension member such as a wire is connected to the welding gun 21 with the interposition of a ring-shaped buffer member 26, the welding tip 22 can be moved up and down by operating the handle 25. Even if an obstacle protrudes inside the workpiece W such as a frame or box, it can be overcome. In the above description, the upper electrode 20 has been described mainly on the case where the welding gun 21 is used in the horizontal position.However, the welding gun can also be used in the vertical position. It is sufficient to configure the robot so that it can be raised and lowered directly. Industrial applicability
以上のベたとおり、 本発明は、 銅板などの導電性板状材から成る下部 電極の上に、 例えば、 金属箱や金属枠などの被溶接物を載せ、 この下部 電極上に載せた被溶接物に向って上部電極を指向させることにより、 上 部並びに下部電極の間で被溶接物をはさみ加圧通電して溶接するスポッ
ト抵抗溶接機である。 As described above, according to the present invention, a work to be welded such as a metal box or a metal frame is placed on a lower electrode made of a conductive plate-like material such as a copper plate, and the work to be welded placed on the lower electrode By directing the upper electrode toward the object, the object to be welded is sandwiched between the upper and lower electrodes, and pressurized electricity is applied to the spot to be welded. This is a resistance welding machine.
したがって、 上部電極において先端に溶接チヅプを具える溶接ガンを 横向き姿勢に保持したままで自由に平面移動でき、 金属箱などの被溶接 物の内部まで溶接チップを侵入させて溶接することができる。 Therefore, the welding gun having the welding tip at the top end of the upper electrode can be freely moved in a plane while holding the welding gun in the horizontal position, and the welding tip can be penetrated to the inside of the workpiece such as the metal box to perform welding.
また、 上部電極の一部として取付けられる溶接ガンは自由に伸縮又は 折りたたみできる支持アームの遊端で支持され、 この支持アームは対向 端部が互いに連結される少なく とも 2つの分割アームから構成され、 こ れら分割アームのうちで 2つの隣接する分割アームの対向端部は連結装 置によって連結され、 さらに、 連結装置には、 2つの隣接する分割ァ— ムのうち一方の分割アームの対向端部に取付けられる円筒状支承体と、 この円筒状支承体内に挿入されかつ他方の分割アームの対向端部に取付 けられる固定軸と、 この固定軸の周りに取付けられて円筒状支承体を介 して一方の分割アームが旋回する円錐軸受とが設けられている。 Also, the welding gun mounted as part of the upper electrode is supported by the free end of a freely expandable or contractible support arm, which is composed of at least two split arms whose opposite ends are connected to each other, The opposing ends of two adjacent split arms of these split arms are connected by a connecting device, and the connecting device further includes opposing ends of one of the two adjacent split arms. A cylindrical support mounted on the cylindrical support; a fixed shaft inserted into the cylindrical support and mounted on the opposite end of the other split arm; and a cylindrical support mounted around the fixed shaft. And a conical bearing on which one of the split arms pivots.
したがって、 支持アーム、 なかでも連結装置には溶接時の加圧のため 曲げ、 捩りなどの応力がく り返してかかるが、 これにより破損したりす ることがなく、 溶接ガンは円滑に平面移動できる。
Therefore, stress such as bending and torsion is repeatedly applied to the support arm, especially the connecting device due to the pressurization during welding, but the welding gun can be smoothly moved in a plane without being damaged by this.
Claims
1 . 平坦な導電性板状材からなる下部電極と、 この下部電極上に置かれ た被溶接物を前記下部電極との間ではさんで加圧通電して抵抗溶接する 上部電極とを具えるスポツ ト抵抗溶接機において、 1. It has a lower electrode made of a flat conductive plate-like material, and an upper electrode that presses and energizes and press-welds an object to be welded placed on the lower electrode between the lower electrode and the lower electrode. In spot resistance welding machines,
前記上部電極の一部として取付けられて前記被溶接物を下向きに加圧 通電して抵抗溶接する溶接チップと、 前記下部電極上で略々水平に配置 され遊端で前記上部電極を支持しかつ自由に伸縮又は折りたたみできる 支持アームと、 この支持アームの一部として設けられ対向端部が互いに 連結される少なくとも 2つの分割アームと、 これら分割アームのうちで A welding tip mounted as a part of the upper electrode and pressurizing the object to be welded downward and conducting resistance welding by applying a current; and a substantially free end disposed on the lower electrode to support the upper electrode and A support arm that can be freely expanded and contracted or folded; at least two split arms that are provided as a part of the support arm and whose opposite ends are connected to each other;
2つの隣接する分割アーム間において互いに対向する対向端部を連結す る連結装置とを具え、 A coupling device for coupling opposing ends of two adjacent split arms to each other,
この連結装置には、 2つの隣接する前記分割アームのうち一方の分割 アームの対向端部に取付けられる円筒状支承体と、 この円筒状支承体内 に挿入されかつ他方の前記分割アームの対向端部に取付けられる固定軸 と、 この固定軸の周りに取付けられて前記円筒状支承体を介して前記一 方の分割アームが旋回する円錐軸受とを設けること The coupling device includes: a cylindrical support body attached to an opposing end of one of the two adjacent split arms; an opposing end of the other split arm inserted into the cylindrical support body. And a conical bearing which is mounted around the fixed shaft and which the one of the split arms pivots via the cylindrical support.
を特徴とするスポッ ト抵抗溶接機。 Spot resistance welding machine characterized by the following features.
2 . 前記連結装置において前記固定軸の周りに前記円錐軸受を上下に分 けて設け、 少なくとも上方の前記円錐軸受を下向きに押圧し位置決めす
る位置決め装置を設けること、 2. In the coupling device, the conical bearing is provided vertically around the fixed shaft, and at least the upper conical bearing is pressed downward and positioned. Providing a positioning device,
を特徴とする請求項 1記載のスポッ ト抵抗溶接機。 2. The spot resistance welding machine according to claim 1, wherein
3 . 前記連結装置において前記固定軸を前記他方の分割アームに取付け られた前記固定プレートに取付ける一方、 前記一方の分割アームに前記 固定プレートと当接して前記一方の分割プレー トの旋回範囲を調整する 旋回調整部材を設けること、 3. In the coupling device, the fixed shaft is attached to the fixed plate attached to the other split arm, and the one split arm is brought into contact with the fixed plate to adjust the turning range of the one split plate. Providing a turning adjustment member;
を特徴とする請求項 1記載のスポッ ト抵抗溶接機。
2. The spot resistance welding machine according to claim 1, wherein
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JP2002191400A JP2004034049A (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2002-06-28 | Spot resistance welding machine |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61117082A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-06-04 | フアナツク株式会社 | Stopper device for industrial robot |
US4913577A (en) * | 1987-05-20 | 1990-04-03 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | Elbow joint of an industrial robot |
JPH06328265A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-11-29 | Koyo Giken:Kk | Spot welding machine |
-
2002
- 2002-06-28 JP JP2002191400A patent/JP2004034049A/en active Pending
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2003
- 2003-06-30 WO PCT/JP2003/008292 patent/WO2004002667A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61117082A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-06-04 | フアナツク株式会社 | Stopper device for industrial robot |
US4913577A (en) * | 1987-05-20 | 1990-04-03 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | Elbow joint of an industrial robot |
JPH06328265A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-11-29 | Koyo Giken:Kk | Spot welding machine |
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