WO2003106885A1 - Purgeur de vapeur d'eau ameliore - Google Patents

Purgeur de vapeur d'eau ameliore Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003106885A1
WO2003106885A1 PCT/IN2003/000147 IN0300147W WO03106885A1 WO 2003106885 A1 WO2003106885 A1 WO 2003106885A1 IN 0300147 W IN0300147 W IN 0300147W WO 03106885 A1 WO03106885 A1 WO 03106885A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
valve
condensate
steam
trap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2003/000147
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Samir Kumar Datta
Prodip Kumar Sen
Adarsh Soni
Original Assignee
Engineers India Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Engineers India Limited filed Critical Engineers India Limited
Priority to AU2003224424A priority Critical patent/AU2003224424A1/en
Publication of WO2003106885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003106885A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16T—STEAM TRAPS OR LIKE APPARATUS FOR DRAINING-OFF LIQUIDS FROM ENCLOSURES PREDOMINANTLY CONTAINING GASES OR VAPOURS
    • F16T1/00—Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers
    • F16T1/12—Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers with valves controlled by excess or release of pressure
    • F16T1/16—Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers with valves controlled by excess or release of pressure involving a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber communicating with one another, i.e. thermodynamic steam chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16T—STEAM TRAPS OR LIKE APPARATUS FOR DRAINING-OFF LIQUIDS FROM ENCLOSURES PREDOMINANTLY CONTAINING GASES OR VAPOURS
    • F16T1/00—Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers
    • F16T1/12—Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers with valves controlled by excess or release of pressure
    • F16T1/16—Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers with valves controlled by excess or release of pressure involving a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber communicating with one another, i.e. thermodynamic steam chambers
    • F16T1/165—Steam traps or like apparatus for draining-off liquids from enclosures predominantly containing gases or vapours, e.g. gas lines, steam lines, containers with valves controlled by excess or release of pressure involving a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber communicating with one another, i.e. thermodynamic steam chambers of disc type

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to devices used to remove condensate (liquid created from the condensation of a gas or vapor) from steam lines and/or equipment or volatilized liquid lines and/or equipment, and more particularly to a steam trap system. More particularly the present invention relates to an improved steam trap device for use with steam main header, heat exchanger, equipment and any other system handling steam.
  • a steam trap device for use with steam main header, heat exchanger, equipment and any other system handling steam.
  • Condensate inside pipes or other components results in a significant degradation of the system efficiency as well as internal corrosion of piping and equipment. Condensate also can cause a destructive water hammer, a shock wave that damages equipment and can cause serious accident and injury to people nearby. It is therefore recognized that condensate should be promptly removed from steam systems as it forms.
  • a steam trap is an automatic device used to trap or hold steam until it has condensed and to allow condensate and air to pass as soon as they accumulate. It also acts as a safety device to prevent the phenomenon known in the art as water hammer and a possible rupture of the steam main header and other equipment. Traps are typically positioned at natural low points in steam systems where condensate collects or ahead of control valves wherfe condensate could impede proper valve operation. Most traps operate using the inherent difference in density between liquid and gas to separate the fluids. Ideally, each trap should be capable of draining a mass flow, or load, of condensate that flows to its location in the steam system. Each trap should also be reliable in operation to avoid costly inefficiencies that arise when condensate collects or when live steam is released from a defective trap. Several types of steam traps are commonly available. Some are complex in design and subject to fail without frequent maintenance.
  • a prior art steam trap consists of a vessel/ chamber in which to accumulate the condensate, an orifice/ valve through which the condensate, is discharged, a valve to close the orifice port, mechanisms to operate the valve, and inlet and outlet openings for the entrance and discharge of the condensate from the trap vessel.
  • Prior art steam traps are classified according to operating device by which they function. Generally, the traps used in the Industry are of the following types:
  • the diameter of the orifice is fixed, and therefore the capacity of the trap, which is proportional to area of the orifice and the flow velocity, is also substantially fixed.
  • Orifices are sized to drain an expected load. The actual load, however, can increase by a factor of four or more if ambient temperature decreases, causing heat transfer rates from the steam to increase and causing formation of a larger quantity of condensate. In the past, this has been partially compensated for by over-sizing the orifice for the particular application.
  • An over-sized orifice not only passes more load but also possesses a valuable secondary benefit of a greater ability to pass solid debris. Small deposits of corrosion or other particulate matter may become mixed within the flow of condensate and can clog the trap. There are fewer tendencies for solid particles to lodge in an orifice or passageway that is relatively larger. However, a trap having an orifice that is larger than needed for ordinary loads tends to permit release of live steam and is inefficient.
  • a second type of trap is a thermodynamic or disk type trap.
  • An obstruction comprising a flat disk is freely captured in the trap and is movable between a closed position in which the disk blocks flow of fluid through the trap, and an open position in which the disk permits flow of fluid.
  • the disk may cycle between open and closed positions, and when in the open position the trap is capable of handling a greater quantity of condensate load than a fixed orifice trap. Condensate flow initially raises the disk open as it flows in. When steam arrives it changes the local pressure and lowers the disk, closing the trap, which stays closed as long as relatively higher pressure is maintained above the disk. At each cycle, there is an inherent time delay for closing the disk, as is common in thermodynamic traps, during which some live steam is released from the trap.
  • thermodynamic trap is beneficial in draining a large quantity of load, it has inherent inefficiency.
  • US Patent 5,287,878 relates to a free float steam trap comprises a trap which casing having an inlet port and an outlet port and a valve chest formed therein, a valve seat member attached to the lower portion of the valve chest and having a valve orifice opened through which the valve chest communicates with the outlet port, a float valve arranged in a free state in the valve chest, rising and descending in accordance with the water level in the valve chest to directly open and close the valve orifice and a means for dispersing and passing condensate flow downward, provided at a fluid inlet through which the inlet port communicates with valve chest.
  • a similar steam trap mechanism is disclosed in Japanese patent publication No. 55-135292 where the steam trap is provided with a spherical float, which rises due to buoyancy and descends in a free state in a valve chest and also has a function of valve body.
  • the steam trap of this type is provided with a single operating portion.
  • Other conventional steam traps comprise a float, a lever and a valve body which are individually separate.
  • the float valve is arranged in a free state in the valve chest, so that there originally arises such a defect that the float valve is liable to be vibrated.
  • an inflow of condensate at a low temperature in the valve chest causes the expansible medium to contract, thereby displacing each diaphragm in the direction of opening the valve, so that the valve member or the diaphragm per se is brought out of a seating engagement with the valve seat member to open the discharge passage, thereby discharging the condensate out of the system.
  • the thermally actuated steam trap as constructed above has a problem in that, in the case where the fluid at the inlet side has no sufficient pressure, the discharge passage cannot be opened. Namely, when the expansible medium contracts, the chamber in which the expansible medium is accommodated comes to be in a state of negative pressure, so that the upper diaphragm (first diaphragm) is displaced in the direction of opening the valve; however, with the fluid at the inlet side being weak in pressure, the lower diaphragm, particularly fitted with the valve member, can not follow the upper diaphragm, that is, it can not be displaced in the direction of opening the valve, and accordingly, the valve member is not brought out of a seating engagement with the valve seat member, so the discharge opening can not be opened.
  • the pressure and temperature in the system are low at an initial stage of transferring steam, and the upper diaphragm is displaced in the direction of opening the valve; however, the lower diaphragm remains in the position of closing the valve and, therefore, condensate can not rapidly be discharged and a considerable amount of condensate accumulates in the steam trap, resulting in a lowered machine efficiency.
  • the construction in which the plurality of diaphragms are connected to the valve member so as to be able to be integrally moved therewith or the construction in which the lower diaphragm is combined with the function of the valve member causes the diaphragm to be fractionally displaced due to a change in temperature, in the case where the expansible medium has a temperature close to the temperature at which the opening and closing operations of the valve are switched, so that the opening and closing operations of the valve are finely repeated as if it were vibrated, thus having the danger of such operations being mistaken for a leakage of steam. Further, such fractional displacements cause the earlier abrasion of the valve part, resulting in a leakage of steam.
  • opening / closing mechanism of a steam trap over a period of time develops defects and starts functioning erratically due to inevitable wear and tear in hinges, levers, orifice, valve seat, seals and gaskets and in addition deposition of scale, dirt and sludge's etc on mating parts also further deteriorates the functioning of the prior art devices.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an automatic operation in cyclical order in respect of the closing and opening of the steam trap without any intermittent failure. It is a further object of the invention to provide a steam trap device that ensures that the loss of hve steam is avoided or minimized and only condensate is discharged.
  • the present invention provides an improved steam trap device comprising of a body having a base, said body being provided with an inlet means and an outlet means, a first and a second chamber connected in series with a common base thereto, and communicating with each other through an orifice in said common base, each said chamber being provided with respective covering means, the first chamber being provided with a moving valve, said moving valve being provided with a collection and discharge means on the lower part thereof and an integral control disc dividing the said first chamber into a first control part and a lower part, said moving valve being provided also with a first annular orifice between the outer periphery of the annular disc and the inner wall of the covering means of said first chamber, said stem of said valve being provided with a second specially designed orifice and connected to the outlet means of said first chamber through a passage means, said discharge means provided on said moving valve also being connected through a second passage means to said outlet of the first chamber, said outlet means of said first chamber being connected to the inlet of said second chamber through said body base, said second chamber being provided
  • control disc in said first chamber is provided with a plurality of containment means on the upper surface thereof for holding and retaining condensate for the purpose of creating sufficient volume thereof in said upper control part of the said first chamber.
  • the containment means comprises grooves, pots, pits, or indentations on said upper surface of said control disc.
  • the body is provided with a trap for trapping dense contaminants such as sludge, dirt and the like to be trapped therein from the condensate stream before it enters the second chamber, said trap being provided in the passage between the first chamber and the second chamber.
  • the trap comprises a further hole provided in the passage between the first and the second chambers.
  • the respective inlets of each of said first and second chambers is provided with a filtering means to filter said condensate before the entry thereof into said respective chambers.
  • the filtering means comprises of strainers.
  • the trap is provided with an outlet means which is operable online to remove dirt or sludge trapped therein.
  • valve stem of said first chamber is substantially cylindrical said valve seat being also substantially conical.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation view of the steam trap of the invention with the interior parts shown in dashed lines.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the steam trap section showing the valve means in both said first and second chambers.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the body of the steam trap of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic of the valve seat in the first chamber.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic of the valve in the first chamber showing the discharge means, the valve stem and the control disc.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic of the cover of said first chamber.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic of the moving disc valve in said second chamber.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic of the cover of the second chamber. Detailed description of the invention
  • the device of the invention is based on the principle of thermodynamics and functions by a two step operation.
  • the device responds to the flashing action of condensate in and then by responding to difference in kinetic energy between steam and condensate in the subsequent step.
  • condensate is allowed to pass freely through two different paths namely, main condensate flow path and a controlled condensate flow path.
  • main condensate flow path gets closed automatically due to flashing action of condensate and a small quantity of hot condensate/ flash steam continues to pass through the controlled path and the cycle continues to repeat at regular intervals depending upon the property of condensate at a high pressure and temperature to flash into steam at a lower pressure.
  • Copending Indian patent application No. 614/DEL/2000 of the applicant discloses a similar device functioning on similar principles and comprising of a body with a base, two chambers connected in series with the base thereof being common, said two chambers communicating with each other through an orifice in the common base.
  • Each chamber is provided with respective threaded cap screwed onto to the base of the body.
  • the first chamber has a moving valve with an integral control disc, which provides an annular orifice between the outer periphery of the disc and the inner wall of the cap of the chamber.
  • the control disc divides the first chamber into a first upper control part and a lower part.
  • the stem of the valve is provided with an additional specially designed orifice, which is connected to the outlet of the first chamber.
  • the outlet of the first chamber is connected through the body of the base to the inlet of the second chamber.
  • the second chamber has a moving disc valve with a plurality of annular passages connecting the seat of the disc valve of the second chamber to an outlet.
  • the present invention provides a steam trap device comprising of two main operating chambers connected in series. Both the chambers have a common base and are connected through holes drilled at the bottom of the common base body. The chambers are closed by respective threaded caps. For weather protection both chambers can be covered with an additional outer cap, which is connected to the main body.
  • the first chamber has only one moving valve with an integral control disc, with an annular orifice formed along its outer periphery. A second specially designed orifice is provided in the stem of the valve in the first chamber.
  • the first valve is also provided with an additional discharge means on the stem thereof in the part that is in the lower part of the first chamber.
  • the discharge means is connected to the outlet passage of the first chamber through an annular passage means to dispose of remnant condensate.
  • the second chamber is also provided with only one moving part, a disk that functions as a valve.
  • condensate enters into first chamber through a strainer screen which is inbuilt in a hole drilled in the base and the flow of condensate divides, the main part discharging through the valve and the remainder, called the control flow, bypassing continuously up into the control chamber through the annular orifice around the control disc. From the control chamber, the condensate flows out through the specially designed control orifice in the valve stem. The condensate then enters into the second chamber after passing through another strainer screen, which is in built in the second chamber. The pressure of the condensate lifts the disc from its seat in the second chamber and there is an immediate discharge of condensate to the atmosphere or in condensate collection pit.
  • the condensate in the first chamber is not at high temperature and builds up in the control chamber.
  • the flow through the control orifice does not change volume and the discharge through the orifice reduces the volume in the control chamber. Discharge through this orifice lowers the pressure in the control chamber, and the valve in the first chamber opens up to discharge condensate.
  • the condensate When steam enters into the first chamber, the condensate is heated up and the flow, in entering the control chamber, flashes and increases the volume of the control flow. The discharge through the control orifice is thereby choked, and pressure in the control chamber builds up, closing the valve and stopping all discharge of hot condensate except for a small amount that flows through the control orifice.
  • the cycle is continuously repeated at regular intervals depending upon the propensity of the condensate at a high pressure and temperature to flash into steam at a lower pressure.
  • Hot condensate followed by flash steam then enters into second chamber. Pressure of the condensate hfts the disc off its seat allowing free and immediate discharge. Discharge continues until flashing condensate approaches steam temperature.
  • FIG. 1 provides a front elevation view of the steam-trapping device to be fixed on steam header or any equipment handling steam. The operational details are given below.
  • Condensate enters the body through an inlet means (7) and further is passed to the steam trap through a filtering means, which is for example a strainer screen (3-B).
  • the filtering means is intended to remove large size dust, dirt, sludge or other contaminants contained in the sludge.
  • the filtered condensate then enters the first chamber (1) through passage means (4-3; Figure 3) provided in the body of the steam trap.
  • the pressure of the condensate lifts the valve (1-1; Figure 1, Figure 4) from its seat (1-2; Figure 4).
  • the condensate now travels through two different paths, which are as follows:
  • the condensate in the first chamber (1) is not at high temperature and builds up in the control chamber, above the valve (1-1).
  • the flow through the control orifice (1-3; Figure 1) does not change volume and the discharge through the orifice reduces the volume in the control chamber. Discharge through this orifice lowers the pressure in the control chamber, and the valve in the first chamber opens to discharge condensate.
  • Screwed caps cover the valves (1-1) and (2-1) respectively and also create closed control chambers for operation of the valve mechanism.
  • Strainer screens 3 -A and 3-B can be cleaned during planned shut down by unscrewing caps (5 and 6; Figure 3). Sludge and other contaminants that escape the filtering means (3-B; Figure 1) are collected in a trap (3-1; Figure 3) and can be collected and removed when the system is online.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Valves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un purgeur de vapeur d'eau comprenant une première chambre (1) et une seconde chambre (2) montées en série. La première chambre (1) est équipée d'une soupape (1-1) mobile comprenant des moyens de décharge dans sa partie inférieure, et un disque régulateur intégral qui divise la première chambre en une première section de régulation et une section inférieure. Un orifice annulaire est formé entre la périphérie externe du disque annulaire et la paroi interne de l'enveloppe de ladite première chambre. La tige de ladite soupape comprend un second orifice de forme spéciale, relié aux moyens de sortie de la première chambre, par l'intermédiaire d'un passage. Les moyens de décharge de ladite soupape mobile sont également reliés à ladite sortie de la première chambre par l'intermédiaire d'un second passage, cette sortie étant elle-même raccordée à l'entrée de ladite second chambre (2). La seconde chambre est équipée d'une soupape à disque mobile (2-1) et comprend un passage annulaire s'étendant du siège de la soupape à disque mobile aux moyens de sortie du corps du purgeur.
PCT/IN2003/000147 2002-06-12 2003-04-07 Purgeur de vapeur d'eau ameliore WO2003106885A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003224424A AU2003224424A1 (en) 2002-06-12 2003-04-07 Improved steam trap device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN631/DEL/2002 2002-06-12
IN631DE2002 2002-06-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003106885A1 true WO2003106885A1 (fr) 2003-12-24

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IN2003/000147 WO2003106885A1 (fr) 2002-06-12 2003-04-07 Purgeur de vapeur d'eau ameliore

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU2003224424A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003106885A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB432385A (en) * 1933-06-03 1935-07-25 Yarnall Waring Co Improvements in steam traps
US2936772A (en) * 1953-10-19 1960-05-17 Yarnall Waring Co Steam trap
JPS55135292A (en) 1979-04-06 1980-10-21 Tlv Co Ltd Free float type steam trap
US5287878A (en) 1990-10-15 1994-02-22 Tlv Co, Ltd. Free float steam trap
US5405078A (en) 1993-05-14 1995-04-11 Tlv Co. Ltd. Thermally-actuated steam trap

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB432385A (en) * 1933-06-03 1935-07-25 Yarnall Waring Co Improvements in steam traps
US2936772A (en) * 1953-10-19 1960-05-17 Yarnall Waring Co Steam trap
JPS55135292A (en) 1979-04-06 1980-10-21 Tlv Co Ltd Free float type steam trap
US5287878A (en) 1990-10-15 1994-02-22 Tlv Co, Ltd. Free float steam trap
US5405078A (en) 1993-05-14 1995-04-11 Tlv Co. Ltd. Thermally-actuated steam trap

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003224424A1 (en) 2003-12-31

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