WO2003093694A1

WO2003093694A1 - An hydraulic transmission system utilizing a planetary gear pump

Info

Publication number: WO2003093694A1
Application number: PCT/KR2002/000831
Authority: WO
Inventors: Cheolhong Hwang
Original assignee: Cheolhong Hwang
Priority date: 2002-05-04
Filing date: 2002-05-04
Publication date: 2003-11-13
Also published as: AU2002307663A1

Abstract

This invention relates to an hydraulic power transmission and an hydraulic clutch system utilizing a planetary gear pump for an automobile, train and motorcycle, which has a strong hydraulic transmission power on the basis of fluid dynamics with its small size of volume and weight as in simple structure. In prior art, there is an low efficiency of transmission by engaging solid gears with having a large size of volume and weight, moreover a complex structure. An hydraulic transmission system utilizing a planetary gear pump comprising: A cylindrical case 40 sealed with both sides of inscribed hydraulic gear 30; Several circumscribed hydraulic gears 20 installed on the radial armature 12; An output shaft 50 rotated by a circumscribed hydraulic gears 20 etc; and a hydraulic pump for generating hydraulic pressure. It has a superior efficiency as an automatic transmission with its small & simple structure better than a manual stick transmission.

Description

AN HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION SYSTEM UTILIZING A

PLANETARY GEAR PUMP

Technical Field

This invention relates to a hydraulic power clutch and transmission

system utilizing a planetary gear pump for an automobile, train and

motorcycle, which has strong an efficiency of a hydraulic clutch and

transmission on the basis of fluid dynamics with its small size of volume

and weight as in simple structure.

Background Art

In the case of an automatic transmission using a conventional fluid clutch,

which is higher 10% of energy loss than a solid friction clutch, although

a manual speed change operation is unnecessary, since a fluid pressure

mainly using oil is utilized for transmitting power, power transmitting

efficiency at the time of acceleration is inferior, and since most of engine

output is consumed as heat even at the time of constant speed running,

energy loss is great and efficiency is inferior.

Moreover there is a low efficiency of transmission by engaging solid

gears with a large volume, a complicated mechanism and a heavy weight.

An automotive assembly of gears and associated parts by which power is

transmitted from the engine to a driving axle. Also called gearbox. The gear box is transmitted for power from an automobile engine to the

driven shaft, which is connected with the axle of wheels.

Efforts directed at renovation of conventional automobile cutch and

transmission systems have never slowed down since very long ago, while

there have been quite a number of truly commendable innovations and

renovations, amounting to breakthroughs sometime or another, the

ultimate design has never been other than manipulation and coordination

of gear assemblies, simply for the reason that so far as control of a

vehicle's various speeds or else as far as a change in its driving, gear

assembly is doubtless a most effective form of design, however, an

automobile transmission system has a complicated structure, large

volume, heavy weight and low efficiency as can be appreciated by

referring to gear assembly layout, comprising essentially the input gear

assembly serving to feed transmission power and the output gear

assembly serving to deliver same, and a vehicle's change of speed,

driving or backing.

With a conventional design of transmission system, to get it at work,

more than often respective input gears and output gears must be coupled

in an open mode or by engagement, resulting inevitably in constant

collision between both the input gear assembly and the output gear assembly, and that serves only to reduce the expected service life of the

entire gear assembly system; besides, all the relevant input, output gear

assemblies must go through a change in driving direction in order to

control the active status of the vehicle, and that means an additional

burden to the gear system, concurrent with easy occasioning of want of

coordination between all the working gear assemblies.

Conventionally, various power transmitting apparatuses having a gear-

type transmission capable of converting revolution speed and

transmitting torque of an output shaft in accordance with a load of a drive

source have been used. In automobile transmissions, a gear- type

transmission is normally connected to an engine through a clutch and a

torque converter, and changing the gear ratio alters the speed of an output

side.

However, in conventional power transmitting apparatuses, since speed is

changed step wisely by meshing gears, the speed change range is narrow.

In order to widen the range, a large number of combinations of gears are

required and, accordingly, the structure of the apparatus becomes very

complicated.

For this reason, in the case of automobile transmissions, three- to four-

stage speed changes are commonplace. However, with such a speed

change, the engine revolution number is varied greatly whenever the speed is changed and, especially whenever the automobile is accelerated,

the speed is increased from a low-speed range and thus the speed cannot

be accelerated at the most efficiently revolution number, i.e., a large load

is applied to the engine and much energy is lost.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been developed to overcome the above-

mentioned problems of the prior art, and accordingly it is an object of the

present invention to provide a hydraulic power cutch and transmission

system utilizing a planetary gear pumps, comprising:

A cylindrical case 40 sealed with both sides of inscribed hydraulic gear

30;

Several circumscribed hydraulic gears 20 installed on the radial armature

12;

A driven shaft 50 rotated by circumscribed hydraulic gears 20 etc.

and a hydraulic gear pump generated for a controlled hydraulic pressure.

The first object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide an

automobile clutch and transmission system comprising the installation of

an hydraulic power clutch and transmission system avoiding a

complicated gear way between the output gear and the speed

differentiator so that, by the ability to effect diversion of transmission, the

hydraulic clutch and transmission system is able to control the vehicle in its forward/backward movements including neutral unload, so that the

hydraulic clutch and transmission system may be solely and entirely

utilized in the control of speed variation including neutral unload, and the

transmission may do a job better than it ever can before.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an automobile

clutch and transmission system featuring simplicity, small & light in

structure, upgraded output power, low manufacturing fee and everlasting

service term.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an automobile

transmission whereof an adaptor is employed a conical shaped check

valve and a ball shaped check valve for generating an controlled

hydraulic pressure inside of an inscribed hydraulic gear pump, and that

incoiporating a planetary gear system including a circumscribed gear, an

armature inside of a cylindrical casing on the accurate coupling

coordination between said conical shaped check valve and ball shaped

check valve, meant for generating a controlled hydraulic pressure so that

more reliable transmission of power is made possible without substantial

loss of transmission power efficiency comparing to conventional

transmission.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Fig.l is a sectional view for schematically showing a hydraulic power clutch and transmission according to a preferred of the present invention;

Fig.2 is a perspective view for schematically showing a hydraulic power

clutch and transmission according to a preferred of the present invention;

Fig.3 is an illustrative view of operation according to a preferred of the

present invention;

- Mark for major part of figure -

10: driving shaft 20: circumscribed hydraulic gears

22: conical shaped check valve 24: ball shaped check valve

30: inscribed hydraulic gear 40: cylindrical casing

50: driven shaft 52: one-way clutch

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained

hereafter with reference to accompanied embodiments.

FIGS. 1 shows a sectional view for schematically showing a hydraulic

power clutch and transmission according to a preferred of the present

invention according to a preferred of the present invention, it is an object

of the present invention to provide a hydraulic power clutch and

transmission system utilizing a planetary gear pump, comprising: the

radial armature 12 fixed on the driving shaft 10; the hydraulic subscribed

gears 20 installed in the radial direction on said radial armature 12; said

hydraulic inscribed gear 30 and said hydraulic subscribed gears 20 coupled inside of the cylindrical casing 40 as a planetary gear pump for

generating controlled hydraulic pressure.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 2, as in an hydraulic power cutch and

transmission system utilizing a planetary gear pump, comprising: the

radial armature 12 fixed on the driving shaft 10; the hydraulic subscribed

gears 20 installed in the radial direction on said radial armature 12; said

hydraulic inscribed gear 30 and said hydraulic subscribed gears 20

coupled inside of the cylindrical casing 40 as a planetary gear pump for

generating controlled hydraulic pressure.

As in abovementioned, comprising: the conical shaped check valves 22

fixed on said radial armature 12 each other and operated by a

centrifugal power; the ball check valves 24 fixed on said radial

armature 12 each other and the hydraulic oil passage hole 26 formed on

said radial armature 12 for controlling hydraulic pressure.

As abovementioned, comprising: the cylindrical casing 40 filled with

hydraulic oil; the cooling fin 44 installed on the surface of said

cylindrical casing 40 for cooling heat

As abovementioned, comprising: the band brake 60 installed on the

circumference surface of said hydraulic inscribed gear 30, and the parts of

planetaiy gear pump installed inside of said hydraulic inscribed gear 30 for

the dual use of a clutch and a transmission. As in abovementioned, comprising: the gear assembly unit installed on the

driven shaft 50 for controlling a forward/backward movement and a

neutral unload.

As in abovementioned , comprising: the conical shaped check valves 22

operated automatically with an electronic control unit.

Hereafter, the operation of the hydraulic clutch and transmission

system constructed as above according to the present invention will be

described.

As shown in FIG. 1, as in a hydraulic power transmission system utilizing

Planetary gear pumps, comprising: the hydraulic inscribed gear 30 sealed

with the cylindrical casing 40; the radial armature 12 fixed in the radial

direction on the driving shaft 10;

the hydraulic subscribed gears 20 installed on said radial armature 12;

said hydraulic inscribed gear 30 and said several hydraulic

subscribed gears 20 interacted for generating hydraulic pressure.

During the normal operation of an engine, as the driving shaft 10 is

rotated, the armature 12 installed in the radial direction on the driving

shaft 10, which is rotated with a fastener, and the subscribed gears 20, or

called planet gears installed on the armature 12 is rotated with the

inscribed gear 30 for generating hydraulic pressure with an inter-action,

called a ring gear thus hydraulic pressure can be generated at the inlet of the hydraulic oil passage 26.

The valves 22, 24 may be installed at the inlet of the oil passage 26 each

other on the subscribed gears 20A, 20B and 20C for controlling hydraulic

pressure during rotation of the subscribed gears 20 and the inscribed gear

30. .

The conical shaped check valves 22A, 22B and 22C may be operated

with a centrifugal power, and the other ball shaped check valves 24A,

24B and 24C may be operated with a tensile spring force against the

force with an hydraulic pressure generated in the oil passage 28, which is

narrow hole, thus the subscribed gears 20 and the inscribed gear 30 can

be generated for a controlled hydraulic pressure as a hydraulic gear pump.

Further the connector 47, the rear part of the hydraulic cylindrical casing

40, is fixed with the driven shaft 50 for transmitting a rotation power of

an engine to a wheel, thus hydraulic pressure may be generated in the

hydraulic cylindrical casing 40 since a rotation power is continuously

supplied from the driving shaft 10 to the subscribed gears 20 and the

inscribed gear 30.

Hereafter an high pressure is formed after the hydraulic oil passage 28 is

closed with the valves 22 and 24, and then the subscribed gears 20 can

not be rotated with the high pressure of an incompressible oil between

the teeth of gears 20 and 30, so that a rotation power can be transmitted from the chiving shaft 10 to the driven shaft 50 via the teeth of gears 20

and 30 inside of the hydraulic cylindrical casing 40, since the teeth of

gears 20 and 30 is fixed with strong pressure of incompressible oil as in a

conventional hydraulic lifting system.

Furthermore pressure of incompressible oil between the teeth of gears

20 and 30 is augmented as the rotation speed of the driving shaft 10 is

increased, and then the inscribed gears 20 can not be rotated or fixed

around the subscribed gear 30 due to the strong pressure of

incompressible oil formed on the teeth of gears 20 and 30, thus an

rotation power is transmitted from the driving shaft 10 to the driven shaft

50 through the hydraulic cylindrical casing 40.

Meanwhile in the case of the oil passage 28 is opened with the valves 22

and 24 to the maximum extent, the inscribed gears 20 installed on the

armature 12 may be freely rotated around the inscribed gear 30, then it

can not be transmitted for the rotation power from the driving shaft 10 to

the driven shaft 50 due to lack of pressure of an incompressible oil

between the teeth of gears 20 and 30.

According to the present invention, the pressure term, P/T is increased as

the velocity term, V²/2g is increased with plugging the oil passage 28,

which can be closed with a centrifugal force, in accelerating a rotation

speed of the driving shaft 20 on the basis of the theorem of the incompressible fluid dynamic, H=Z+P/r+V²/2g+k V²/2g, where H: total

head, Z: potential head, P/T: pressure head, V72g: velocity head, k V72g:

loss head, thus a strong pressure of an incompressible oil is generated in

the teeth of gears 20 and 30.

Hereafter, the rotation power of the driving shaft 10 can be transmitted to

the driven shaft 50 through the subscribed gear 20, the inscribed gear 30

in the hydraulic cylindrical casing 40 since the pressure head, FIT is

augmented as velocity head, V72g and loss head, k V72g is increased on

the basis of the abovementioned theorem of an incompressible fluid

dynamic with a driving power from an engine.

According to the theorem of a hydraulic dynamics, the rotation power of

the driven shaft 50 must be augmented through the inscribed gear 30,

since the pressure of incompressible oil formed between the teeth of

gears 20 and 30 is augmented as the rotation speed of the driving shaft 10

is increased, meanwhile a part of the kinetic energy of hydraulic oil is

changed to a heat energy due to the shear stress of hydraulic oil having a

viscosity while hydraulic oil is passed with an increased velocity through

the oil passage 28 by the pressure of incompressible oil formed between

the teeth of gears 20 and 30, accordingly the cylindrical casing 40 is

wanned up with high temperature due to heat energy, so that the cooling

fin 44 is installed on the outer surface of the cylindrical casing 40 for cooling heat by radiating it in air.

Hereafter, as shown in Fig. 3, an illustrative example of operation for the

principle of a hydraulic system, that pressure of incompressible oil

formed between the teeth of gears 20 and 30 is changed for the rotation

power of the driven shaft 50, constructed as above according to the

present invention will be described.

In the case of the hydraulic pump 120 is pulled with in the arrow

direction, pressure is formed with incompressible oil between the teeth of

the subscribed gear 20 and the plain gear 130, accordingly the pressure

between the teeth of the subscribed gear 20 and the plain gear 130 is

changed to a kinetic energy for pushing the hydraulic pressure machine

121.

Accordingly, hydraulic oil may be passed through the oil passage 126,

which is a narrow hole, via the pressure check valve 124 with the

movement of the abovementioned hydraulic pressure machine 121, thus

the pressure formed between the teeth of the subscribed gear 20 and the

plain gear 130 is augmented for generating the kinetic energy of the plain

gear 130.

Referring to the 3 ^rd theorem of the Newton, "called the law of action and

reaction" for rotation body, kinetic energy must be augmented as

pressure between the teeth of the subscribed gear 20 and the plain gear 130 is increased.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained

hereafter with the operative principle for the hydraulic clutch and

transmission system in a car.

As shown in Fig. 1 , the conical shaped check valve 22 may be opened

completely during an idling of an engine with a rotation speed 400 to

600rpm since the tensile force of a spring in the conical shaped check

valve 22 is stronger than centrifugal force, accordingly hydraulic oil is

passed freely without any drag through the conical shaped check valve 22,

however, the pressure of an incompressible oil is not still formed

between the teeth of gears 20 and 30, accordingly the radial armature 12

can be not rotated with rotation power of the driving shaft 10 due to lack

of pressure, so that rotation power of an engine can not be supplied from

the driving shaft 10 to the driven shaft 50 in the case of idling in a car.

In the case of an engine is accelerated with rotation speed at above

600rpm,

the conical shaped check valve 22 may be began to close automatically

with a centrifugal power, and then a pressure may be began to generate

on the teeth of gears 20 and 30 with the rotation power of the driving

shaft 10 since hydraulic oil may be began to pass the oil passage 28

through the conical shaped check valve 22, accompanying friction or loss of energy of the hydraulic oil, so that the driven shaft 50 can be began to

rotate with the inscribed gear 30 fixed on the armature 12 due to the

pressure.

In the case of an engine is accelerated, a pressure may be began to

augment very much in a moment between the teeth of gears 20 and 30

with the rotation power of the driving as abovementioned processes, so

that the driven shaft 50 can be rotated with rapid speed and strong power

for acceleration in driving, accordingly in a normal driving of a car, here

after, the ball shaped check valve 24 is closed, so that pressure may be

constantly maintained between the teeth of gears 20 and 30 inside of the

hydraulic casing 40 in a while, and then the driving shaft 10 is rotated

with the driven shaft 50 at a same speed, thus the efficiency of the power

transmission may be optimized except for some of the loss of energy for

driving a car including tire friction, aerodynamic drag, mechanical

friction and gravitational force.

In the case of climbing on a uphill road, the ratio of rotation speed is

changed up with the inscribed gear 20 rotated slower than the radial

armature 12, since pressure may be strongly formed between the teeth of

gears 20 and 30 with the rotation power from an engine because the ball

shaped check valve 24 is opened with strong pressure, which is stronger

than spring force of the check valve 24, thus hydraulic pressure is supplied through the ball check valve 24, which is opened, so that strong

rotation power is supplied to the driven shaft 50 for climbing on uphill

road.

As in the abovementioned the principle of a fluid dynamic, the hydraulic

clutch and transmission system can be easily manufactured in a

formation of simple, light and small structure for any kinds of an

automobile, a train, a motorcycle and an industrial machine.

Hereafter, as shown in Fig. 2, preferred embodiments of the operation

method of driving a car with the hydraulic clutch and transmission

system will be explained.

The hydraulic power clutch and transmission system according to this

invention comprising; the cylindrical casing 40 for generating pressure

formed between the teeth of gears 20 and 30 with the rotation power

from an engine, the gear box 70 for operating a forward/backward

movement and a neutral unload position as in a conventional

transmission system, so that the driven shaft 50 can be controlled for

operating a forward/backward movement and a neutral unload position

with the inscribed gear 30 and the subscribed gears 20, called planet gear,

in the cylindrical casing 40 with utilizing a gear lever as in a

conventional transmission system.

Meanwhile the band brake 60 is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the inscribed gear 30 located inside of the cylindrical casing 40,

thus the driven shaft 50, fixed on the rear side of the cylindrical casing 40,

it can be controlled with the band brake 60 in the case of gear

transmission for a forward/backward movement and a neutral position as

in a conventional transmission system, further the band brake 60 can be

controlled with a gear lever operated automatically with an electric motor

or a hydraulic operator having a electronic control unit.

Furthermore the power on/off switch of an electric motor, located on the

outer side of the cylindrical casing 40, is connected with an operation

button installed on the upper part of a gear lever for engaging or releasing

gears in the hydraulic clutch and transmission system.

In the case of a car is changed up for various speed during driving a car,

first of all, the rotation of gears in the cylindrical casing 40 is stopped for

operating gears inside of the hydraulic clutch and transmission system

with the band brake 60, and the band brake 60 can be operated with

utilizing a brake band switch and the gear lever 70 for transmitting gears,

thus the gears in the cylindrical casing 40 can be operated with a various

speed of a car as in a conventional transmission system.

In the case of climbing down a downhill road, the one-way clutch 52 is

installed in the hydraulic clutch and transmission system according to

this present invention, thus the driven shaft 50 cannot be rotated faster than the driving shaft 10 for protecting an engine as a conventional

transmission system.

Another preferred embodiments of the present invention will be

explained hereinafter with the operation method in the hydraulic clutch

and transmission system, the conical shaped check valve 22 in the

hydraulic planet gear pump can be controlled with manually or

electronically, furthermore, the conical shaped check valve 22 is utilized

alone without the ball shaped check valve 24 as in a hydraulic clutch

system for a simple, small and light structure, especially for a small

motorcycle, thus the hydraulic clutch and transmission system according

to this present invention can be operated as a hydraulic clutch only with

utilizing the conical shaped check valve 22 alone, thus the driving shaft

10 can be rotated with the driven shaft 50 always at a same speed since

pressure the teeth of gears 20 and 30 is constantly formed for a clutch

only without the ball shaped check valve 24 inside of the hydraulic clutch

according to this present invention, so that the hydraulic clutch according

to this present invention can be achieved with better efficiency,

especially for a small motorcycle, on the advantages of its a small, light

and simple structure comparing a conventional hydraulic clutch or a solid

friction clutch. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

It has a superior efficiency as an automatic transmission with its small,

light and simple structure rather than a conventional manual transmission.

Compared to conventional technologies such as are represented in the

foregoing citations and other prior arts, an automobile transmission

system according to the present invention is noted with the following

advantages:

1. Small, light and simple in structure:

Employment of hydraulic transmission system instead of conventional

mechanism with lot of complicated solid gears, so that more soft and

accurate executions in the compression or utilizing of advanced hydraulic

transmission system are realized, so that it can be utilized any kinds of

automobile from small size of a motor cycle to large size of a train, a

vessel at sea including industrial machines with a superior transmission

efficiencies.

2. Superior transmission efficiency:

Provision of hydraulic planetary gear pump to enhance power

transmission efficiency while abating transmission loss, interpreted as far-

reaching advances in terms of both upgraded transmission efficiency and

energy savings;

3. Everlasting service term: All the associated valves inside of hydraulic planetary gear pump

controlling the conditions of hydraulic pressure all the times, thus

simplifying execution, and avoiding gear interferences, reflected in

reduced failure rates and everlasting term of service, so that it can be saved lot of maintenance fee for consumer;

4. Abatement of manufacturing fee:

Provision of a hydraulic cutch and transmission system utilizing planet

gear pump to control forward backward movements of a vehicle so that all

the associated parts inside of the cylindrical casing need only, thereby

alleviating manufacturing fee with its small, light and simple structure, and

rendering more smooth-going hydraulic power transmission;

Many changes and modifications in the above described embodiment of

the invention can, of course, be carried out without departing from the

scope hereof. Accordingly, to promote the progress in science and the

useful arts, the invention is disclosed and is intended to limit only by the

scope of the appended claims.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. As in an hydraulic power cutch and transmission system utilizing a

planetary gear pump, comprising: the radial armature 12 fixed on the

driving shaft 10; the hydraulic subscribed gears 20 installed in the radial

direction on said radial armature 12; said hydraulic inscribed gear 30 and

said hydraulic subscribed gears 20 coupled inside of the cylindrical

casing 40 as a planetary gear pump for generating controlled hydraulic

pressure.

2. As claimed in claim 1, comprising: the conical shaped check valves 22

fixed on said radial armature 12 each other and operated by a centrifugal

power; the ball check valves 24 fixed on said radial armature 12 each

other and the hydraulic oil passage hole 26 formed on said radial

armature 12 for controlling hydraulic pressure.

3. As claimed in claim 1, comprising: the cylindrical casing 40 filled with

hydraulic oil; the cooling fin 44 installed on the surface of said

cylindrical casing 40 for cooling heat.

4. As claimed in claim 1, comprising: the band brake 60 installed on the

circumference surface of said hydraulic inscribed gear 30, and the parts of

planetary gear pump installed inside of said hydraulic inscribed gear 30 for

the dual use of a clutch and a transmission.

5. As claimed in claim 1, comprising: the gear assembly unit installed on the driven shaft 50 for controlling a forward/backward movement and

neutral unload.

6. As claimed in claim 2, comprising: the conical shaped check valves 22

operated automatically with an electronic control unit.