WO2003091222A1 - Process for producing n-alkyl-n'-alkylimidazolium salt - Google Patents

Process for producing n-alkyl-n'-alkylimidazolium salt Download PDF

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WO2003091222A1
WO2003091222A1 PCT/JP2003/000957 JP0300957W WO03091222A1 WO 2003091222 A1 WO2003091222 A1 WO 2003091222A1 JP 0300957 W JP0300957 W JP 0300957W WO 03091222 A1 WO03091222 A1 WO 03091222A1
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alkyl
salt
production method
water
weight
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Toshiyuki Ito
Yoshihisa Tsuji
Masahiro Torihara
Hideharu Iwasaki
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Kuraray Co.,Ltd.
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members

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  • the present invention provides a compound represented by the general formula (I):
  • R 1 and R 2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and A 1 represents an anion.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an N-alkyl-N'-alkyl imidazolium salt [hereinafter referred to as imidazolium salt (I)].
  • Imidazolium salt (I) is in the form of a molten salt that is in a liquid state at room temperature to a relatively high temperature of about 300 and falls into the category of ionic liquids. Its properties show high polarity based on the aprotic ionic structure, and it has excellent solubility for low molecular weight organic and inorganic compounds.
  • imidazolyl salt (I) has a vapor pressure of 0 and is non-volatile, so it provides a clean reaction environment, can be used in a vacuum, and can be used as a medium in various reactions. .
  • imidazolyl salt (I) has the property of not being mixed with water or a protic organic solvent, and can provide an environment for a two-phase reaction.
  • imidazolium salt (I) retains ionic properties and has charge transfer characteristics, and is used as an electrolyte for lithium secondary batteries and as a solid electrolyte by gelation. Can also be expected.
  • ionic liquids have been made from organic cations and inorganic anions.
  • the cationic species include alkylammonium [NR X H 4 — x ] +, alkyl phosphonium [PR X H 4 — x ] + , N, N, -alkylimidazolium, N-alkylpyri Jiniumu Ri Contact like are used, as the Anion species, for example, aluminum chlorinated (a 1 C 1 4 one, a 1 2 C 1 7 -, etc.) and, tetrafurfuryl O b borate Anion (BF 4 —) And hexafluorophosphate (PF 6 _) are used.
  • a method for synthesizing a room-temperature molten salt composed of an imidazolyl salt is as follows: (1) A 1,3-dialkylimidazolyl halide is reacted with a silver salt or a lead salt containing an anion in the presence of an alcoholic solvent such as methanol. Exchange Law [Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, pp. 965 (1992), and Tokuhei 9 — See No. 50 988 88], (2) A method of adding hexafluorophosphoric acid to an aqueous solution of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium halide and performing salt exchange [Chemica 1 Comm.
  • the octalogenated salt which is a by-product
  • it has the advantage that it is easy to purify imidazolium salts, but there are restrictions on the types of metal salts that can be used, and there is a possibility that salts of heavy metals such as silver and zinc may remain in imidazolium salts.
  • method (2) since a highly corrosive strong acid is used, there is no reaction device (vessel) that can be industrially implemented, and an operation of synthesizing an imidazolium salt in an aqueous solution and then removing water is performed. However, there is a problem that lipophilic by-products such as nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds remain.
  • an operation of synthesizing an imidazolyl salt in acetone having a low boiling point and then removing the acetone is performed.
  • the operation is simple, but the precipitated imidazolyl salt includes sodium chloride or the like.
  • the hydrophilic by-product remains. That is, the imidazolium salts produced by the methods (1) to (3) which do not have an operation for positively removing lipophilic or hydrophilic impurities produced as by-products contain impurities. It is not possible to carry out the reaction in the presence of a noble metal complex which is susceptible to trace impurities as a reaction medium.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for industrially advantageously producing an imidazolium salt that can be used as a medium for various reactions. Disclosure of the invention
  • the present invention relates to a process for producing an imidazolium salt (I), which comprises reacting a corresponding imidazolium octylogen salt with an alkali metal salt containing an anion contained in the imidazolium salt (I) and then reacting with a hydrocarbon solvent.
  • R 1 is a methyl group
  • R 2 is a butyl group
  • A_ is hexafluoro.
  • examples of the alkyl group represented by R 1 and R 2 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a hexyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a heptyl group, And R 1 and R 2 are preferably different from each other.
  • A- The shade I O emissions represented, for example, BF 4 -, PF 6 -, CH 3 C0 2 -, CF 3 C0 2 one, CF 3 S0 3 -, ( CF 3 S 0 2) 2 N- and No.
  • N-butyl N'-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate is preferred in consideration of purification efficiency.
  • the imidazolium halide corresponding to the imidazolium salt (I) can be easily prepared by a known method.
  • N-butyl-N'-methylimidazolyl chloride is produced, for example, by stirring 1-methylimidazole and butane chloride under heating [Chemica 1 (Chemica 1 Comm unications), 1] 7 65 (1992)].
  • an imidazolium salt (I) is produced by reacting an imidazolium halide salt corresponding to the imidazolium salt (I) with an alkali metal salt containing an anion A_.
  • the reaction is preferably performed in the presence of a solvent.
  • the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as heptane, hexane, cyclohexane, octane and decane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene and mesitylene; methylene chloride, chloroform and tetrachloride Halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon and black benzene; ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, Esters such as butyl propionate; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone; ethers such as dimethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane are used.
  • solvents may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
  • the amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited, but is preferably an amount that can be stirred even when salts are precipitated, and is 0.1 to 100 times the weight of the imidazolym halide.
  • the weight is more preferably 0.2 to 80 times by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 70 times by weight, in consideration of the economics and operability of the reaction.
  • reaction temperature and reaction time are not particularly limited, but are usually in the range of 30 to 200, preferably in the range of 1 to 50 hours.
  • the obtained reaction mixture is optionally removed by separating or distilling off the reaction solvent, followed by washing with a hydrocarbon solvent and then with water.
  • a hydrocarbon solvent include aliphatic or alicyclic saturated hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, heptane and octane; aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene and mesitylene Hydrocarbons.
  • These hydrocarbon solvents may be used in combination with other organic solvents.
  • examples of other organic solvents include halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, getyl ether, and the like.
  • Ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, and anisol; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, and propyl butyrate; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and getyl ketone; Ketones such as methyl isopropyl pyrketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone are exemplified. These These solvents may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. The proportion of the hydrocarbon solvent in the mixed solvent is preferably in the range of 100 to 50%.
  • the number of times of washing with the hydrocarbon solvent is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably at least two times.
  • the amount of the hydrocarbon solvent used for washing is not particularly limited, it is usually 0.1 to 100 times the weight of the obtained imidazolium salt (I). It is preferably 0.5 to 80 times by weight, and particularly preferably 1 to 50 times by weight in consideration of the washing effect and economy.
  • the solvent used for washing is removed by liquid separation or evaporation as necessary, but it is not necessary to remove it before washing with water.
  • the water used for the washing is preferably one that does not contain metal components as much as possible, such as ion-exchanged water, distilled water and purified water.
  • the amount of water used is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably 0.01 to 50 times the weight of the obtained imidazolium salt (I). In this case, the weight is more preferably 0.05 to 40 times the weight, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 30 times the weight.
  • the number of washes is usually preferred to be 2 or more.
  • Example 1 the reaction solution was filtered using 20 g of Celite, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain N-butyl-N, -methylimidazolium hexane. 141.4 g (yield 88.1%) of safluorophosphate was obtained.
  • Reference example 3
  • an imidazolium salt (I) that can be used as a medium for various reactions can be industrially advantageously produced.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A process for producing an N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolium salt, characterized by reacting the corresponding imidazolium halide salt with an alkali metal salt having the anion to be possessed by the N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolium salt and subsequently washing the reaction mixture with a hydrocarbon solvent and then with water. By the process, an imidazolium salt usable as a medium in various reactions can be industrially advantageously produced.

Description

明 細 書  Specification
N—アルキル— N' —アルキルイミダゾリゥム塩の製造方法 技術分野 Method for producing N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolyl salts
本発明は、 一般式 ( I )
Figure imgf000002_0001
The present invention provides a compound represented by the general formula (I):
Figure imgf000002_0001
(式中、 R1 および R2 はそれぞれ炭素数 1〜8のアルキル基を表し、 A一 は陰イオンを表す。 ) (In the formula, R 1 and R 2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and A 1 represents an anion.)
で示される N—アルキル一 N' —アルキルイミダゾリゥム塩 [以下、 こ れをイミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) と略称する] の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing an N-alkyl-N'-alkyl imidazolium salt [hereinafter referred to as imidazolium salt (I)].
イミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) は、 室温から 30 0 程度の比較的高温にお いて液体状態にある溶融塩の形態を示し、 イオン性液体の範疇に入る。 その特性は、 非プロトン性のイオン構造に基づく高い極性を示し、 低分 子量の有機化合物および無機化合物に対して優れた溶解力を有する。 ま た、 イミダゾリゥム塩 ( I ) は蒸気圧が 0であり、 不揮発性であること から、 クリーンな反応環境を提供し、 真空中での使用も可能であり、 各 種の反応における媒体として利用できる。 更に、 イミダゾリゥム塩( I ) は水やプロトン性有機溶媒と混合しない性質を有しており、 二相反応の 環境を提供することができる。 また、 イミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) は、 ィォ ン性を保持し、 電荷の移動特性を有しており、 リチウム二次電池用の電 解質として、 またゲル化することにより固体電解質としての利用も期待 できる。 技術背景 Imidazolium salt (I) is in the form of a molten salt that is in a liquid state at room temperature to a relatively high temperature of about 300 and falls into the category of ionic liquids. Its properties show high polarity based on the aprotic ionic structure, and it has excellent solubility for low molecular weight organic and inorganic compounds. In addition, imidazolyl salt (I) has a vapor pressure of 0 and is non-volatile, so it provides a clean reaction environment, can be used in a vacuum, and can be used as a medium in various reactions. . Furthermore, imidazolyl salt (I) has the property of not being mixed with water or a protic organic solvent, and can provide an environment for a two-phase reaction. In addition, imidazolium salt (I) retains ionic properties and has charge transfer characteristics, and is used as an electrolyte for lithium secondary batteries and as a solid electrolyte by gelation. Can also be expected. Technology background
従来、 イオン性液体は有機カチオンと無機ァニオンから製造されてい る。カチオン種としては、例えばアルキルアンモニゥム〔NRX H4_x 〕 + 、 アルキルフォスフォニゥム 〔PRX H4_x+ 、 N, N, —ジァ ルキルイミダゾリウム、 N—アルキルピリジニゥムなどが用いられてお り、 ァニオン種としては、 例えばアルミニウムの塩素化物 (A 1 C 14一、 A 1 2 C 17—など) や、 テトラフルォロホウ酸ァニオン (B F4— ) 、 へ キサフルォロホスフェート (P F6_) などが用いられている。 Traditionally, ionic liquids have been made from organic cations and inorganic anions. Examples of the cationic species include alkylammonium [NR X H 4 — x ] +, alkyl phosphonium [PR X H 4 — x ] + , N, N, -alkylimidazolium, N-alkylpyri Jiniumu Ri Contact like are used, as the Anion species, for example, aluminum chlorinated (a 1 C 1 4 one, a 1 2 C 1 7 -, etc.) and, tetrafurfuryl O b borate Anion (BF 4 —) And hexafluorophosphate (PF 6 _) are used.
イミダゾリゥム塩からなる室温溶融塩を合成する方法として、 ( 1) 1, 3—ジアルキルイミダゾリゥムハライドに、 酸ァニオンを含む銀塩 または鉛塩をメタノールなどのアルコール性溶媒の存在下に反応させる ァニオン交換法 [ジャーナル ォブ ザ ケミカル ソサエティ一、 ケ ミカル コミュニケーションズ ( J o u r n a 1 o f t h e C h em i c a l S o c i e t y, Ch em i c a l C o mm u n i c a t i o n s ) 、 9 6 5頁 ( 1 9 92年) および特表平 9— 50 9 8 8 8号公報参照] 、 (2) 1, 3—ジアルキルイミダゾリウムハライドの 水溶液にへキサフルォロリン酸を添加し、塩交換する方法 [ケミカル コ ミュニケ一シヨンズ (Ch em i c a 1 C o mm u n i c a t i o n s) 、 1 765頁 ( 1 998年) およびジャーナル ォブ マテリアル ズ ケミストリー (J o u r n a l o f Ma t e r i a l s C h em i s t r y) 、 2 62 7項 (1 9 9 8年) 参照] 、 (3) ァセト ン溶媒中、 1, 3—ジアルキルイミダゾリウムハライドにへキサフルォ 口リン酸ナトリゥムなどの塩を添加して塩交換する方法 [ポリへドロン (P o l y h e d r o n) 、 1 2 1 7項 ( 1 9 9 6年) 参照] が知られ ている。  A method for synthesizing a room-temperature molten salt composed of an imidazolyl salt is as follows: (1) A 1,3-dialkylimidazolyl halide is reacted with a silver salt or a lead salt containing an anion in the presence of an alcoholic solvent such as methanol. Exchange Law [Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, pp. 965 (1992), and Tokuhei 9 — See No. 50 988 88], (2) A method of adding hexafluorophosphoric acid to an aqueous solution of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium halide and performing salt exchange [Chemica 1 Comm. unications), 1765 (1998) and Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2627 (1992)], (3) A salt exchange method by adding a salt such as sodium hexafluorofluoride to 1,3-dialkylimidazolium halide in an acetone solvent [Polyhedron (P olyhedron), see Section 127 (1996)].
上記の方法 ( 1) は、 副生成物である八ロゲン化塩が溶媒に難溶性で あり、 イミダゾリウム塩を精製し易いという利点を有するが、 使用し得 る金属塩の種類に制約があり、 またイミダゾリゥム塩中に銀や亜鉛など の重金属の塩が残存する可能性があるなどの問題点を有する。方法(2 ) では、 腐食性の高い強酸を使用するために、 工業的に実施できる反応装 置 (容器) がなく、 また水溶液中でイミダゾリウム塩を合成し、 次いで 水を除去する操作が行われているだけであり、 含窒素複素環化合物など の親油性の副生物が残存するなどの問題点がある。 方法 (3 ) では、 沸 点の低いァセトン中でィミダゾリゥム塩を合成し、 次いでァセトンを除 去する操作が行われており、 操作は簡便であるが、 析出したイミダゾリ ゥム塩には塩化ナトリゥムなどの親水性の副生物が残存するなどの問題 点がある。 すなわち、 副生する親油性または親水性の不純物を積極的に 除去する操作を有しない方法 ( 1 ) 〜 (3 ) により製造されたイミダゾ リウム塩には不純物が含まれており、 かかるイミダゾリゥム塩を反応媒 体として、 微量の不純物に影響され易い貴金属錯体存在下での反応を実 施することはできない。 In the above method (1), the octalogenated salt, which is a by-product, is Yes, it has the advantage that it is easy to purify imidazolium salts, but there are restrictions on the types of metal salts that can be used, and there is a possibility that salts of heavy metals such as silver and zinc may remain in imidazolium salts. Has problems. In method (2), since a highly corrosive strong acid is used, there is no reaction device (vessel) that can be industrially implemented, and an operation of synthesizing an imidazolium salt in an aqueous solution and then removing water is performed. However, there is a problem that lipophilic by-products such as nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds remain. In the method (3), an operation of synthesizing an imidazolyl salt in acetone having a low boiling point and then removing the acetone is performed. The operation is simple, but the precipitated imidazolyl salt includes sodium chloride or the like. There is a problem that the hydrophilic by-product remains. That is, the imidazolium salts produced by the methods (1) to (3) which do not have an operation for positively removing lipophilic or hydrophilic impurities produced as by-products contain impurities. It is not possible to carry out the reaction in the presence of a noble metal complex which is susceptible to trace impurities as a reaction medium.
本発明の目的は、 様々な反応に媒体として使用可能なイミダゾリウム 塩を工業的に有利に製造する方法を提供することにある。 発明の開示  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for industrially advantageously producing an imidazolium salt that can be used as a medium for various reactions. Disclosure of the invention
本発明は、 イミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) を製造するに際し、 対応するイミ ダゾリゥム八ロゲン塩とイミダゾリゥム塩 ( I ) が有する陰イオンを含 むアルカリ金属塩とを反応させた後、 炭化水素系溶媒で洗浄し、 次いで 水で洗浄することを特徴とするイミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) の製造方法であ る。  The present invention relates to a process for producing an imidazolium salt (I), which comprises reacting a corresponding imidazolium octylogen salt with an alkali metal salt containing an anion contained in the imidazolium salt (I) and then reacting with a hydrocarbon solvent. A method for producing an imidazolium salt (I), which comprises washing and then washing with water.
本発明の好適な実施形態においては、 前記一般式 ( I ) において、 R 1 がメチル基であり、 R 2 がブチル基であり、 かつ A _ がへキサフルォ 口リン酸イオンであるイミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) が得られる。 発明を実施するための形態 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the general formula (I), R 1 is a methyl group, R 2 is a butyl group, and A_ is hexafluoro. An imidazolium salt (I), which is a phosphate ion, is obtained. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
上記一般式中、 R1 および R2 が表すアルキル基としては、 例えばメ チル基、 ェチル基、 プロピル基、 イソプロピル基、 ブチル基、 イソプチ ル基、 へキシル基、 シクロへキシル基、 ヘプチル基、 ォクチル基などが 挙げられ、 R1 および R2 は異なる場合が好ましい。 A— が表す陰ィォ ンとしては、 例えば B F4 -、 P F6—、 CH3 C02—、 C F3 C02一、 C F 3 S03—、 (C F 3 S 02 ) 2 N- などが挙げられる。 In the above general formula, examples of the alkyl group represented by R 1 and R 2 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a hexyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a heptyl group, And R 1 and R 2 are preferably different from each other. A- The shade I O emissions represented, for example, BF 4 -, PF 6 -, CH 3 C0 2 -, CF 3 C0 2 one, CF 3 S0 3 -, ( CF 3 S 0 2) 2 N- and No.
イミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) としては、 精製効率を考慮すれば、 N—プチ ルー N' —メチルイミダゾリゥムへキサフルォロホスフェートが好まし い。  As the imidazolium salt (I), N-butyl N'-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate is preferred in consideration of purification efficiency.
イミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) に対応するイミダゾリウムハロゲン塩は、 公 知の方法により容易に調製することができる。例えば、 N—プチルー N' —メチルイミダゾリゥムクロライドは、 例えば、 1一メチルイミダゾー ルと塩化ブタンを加熱下に攪拌することにより製造される [ケミカル コミュニケーションズ (Ch em i c a 1 C o mm u n i c a t i o n s ) 、 1 7 65項 ( 1 9 98年) 参照] 。  The imidazolium halide corresponding to the imidazolium salt (I) can be easily prepared by a known method. For example, N-butyl-N'-methylimidazolyl chloride is produced, for example, by stirring 1-methylimidazole and butane chloride under heating [Chemica 1 (Chemica 1 Comm unications), 1] 7 65 (1992)].
本発明では、 イミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) に対応するイミダゾリウムハロ ゲン塩と陰イオン A_ を含むアルカリ金属塩とを反応させることによ り、 イミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) を製造する。  In the present invention, an imidazolium salt (I) is produced by reacting an imidazolium halide salt corresponding to the imidazolium salt (I) with an alkali metal salt containing an anion A_.
反応は溶媒の存在下で行うのが好ましい。 溶媒としては、 例えば、 へ ブタン、 へキサン、 シクロへキサン、 オクタン、 デカンなどの脂肪族炭 化水素;ベンゼン、 トルエン、 キシレン、 メシチレンなどの芳香族炭化 水素;塩化メチレン、 クロ口ホルム、 四塩化炭素、 クロ口ベンゼンなど のハロゲン化炭化水素;酢酸ェチル、 酢酸プチル、 プロピオン酸ェチル、 プロピオン酸ブチルなどのエステル; アセトン、 メチルェチルケトン、 メチルイソプロピルケトン、 メチルイソブチルケトンなどのケトン; ジ ェチルエーテル、 ジイソプロピルエーテル、 テトラヒドロフラン、 1, 4—ジォキサンなどのエーテルなどが使用される。 これらの溶媒は単独 で使用しても、 2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。 溶媒の使用量は、 特に制限されないが、 塩が析出した場合にも攪拌できる程度の量である のが好ましく、 イミダゾリゥムハロゲン塩に対して、 0 . 1〜 1 0 0倍 重量であるのが好ましく、反応の経済性や操作性などを考慮すれば、 0 . 2〜 8 0倍重量であるのがより好ましく、 0 . 3〜 7 0倍重量であるの が特に好ましい。 The reaction is preferably performed in the presence of a solvent. Examples of the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as heptane, hexane, cyclohexane, octane and decane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene and mesitylene; methylene chloride, chloroform and tetrachloride Halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon and black benzene; ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, Esters such as butyl propionate; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone; ethers such as dimethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane are used. These solvents may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. The amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited, but is preferably an amount that can be stirred even when salts are precipitated, and is 0.1 to 100 times the weight of the imidazolym halide. The weight is more preferably 0.2 to 80 times by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 70 times by weight, in consideration of the economics and operability of the reaction.
反応温度および反応時間は特に制限されるものではなく、 通常、 3 0 〜2 0 0 の範囲で、 1〜5 0時間の範囲であるのが好ましい。  The reaction temperature and reaction time are not particularly limited, but are usually in the range of 30 to 200, preferably in the range of 1 to 50 hours.
反応終了後、 得られた反応混合物を、 場合により反応溶媒を分液また は留去により除去した後、 炭化水素系溶媒で洗浄し、 次いで水で洗浄す る。 炭化水素系溶媒としては、 例えば、 ペンタン、 へキサン、 シクロへ キサン、 メチルシクロへキサン、 ヘプタン、 オクタンなどの脂肪族また は脂環式の飽和炭化水素;ベンゼン、 トルエン、 キシレン、 メシチレン などの芳香族炭化水素が挙げられる。 これらの炭化水素系溶媒は、 他の 有機溶媒と混合して使用してもよく、 他の有機溶媒としては、 塩化メチ レン、 クロ口ホルム、 四塩化炭素などのハロゲン化炭化水素、 ジェチル エーテル、 テトラヒドロフラン、 テトラヒドロピラン、 ジプロピルエー テル、 ジイソプロピルエーテル、 ジブチルエーテル、 ァニソールなどの エーテル;酢酸メチル、 酢酸ェチル、 酢酸プロピル、 酢酸プチル、 酪酸 メチル、 酪酸ェチル、 酪酸プロピルなどのエステル; アセトン、 メチル ェチルケトン、 ジェチルケトン、 メチルイソピロピルケトン、 メチルイ ソブチルケトン、 シクロへキサノンなどのケトンが挙げられる。 これら の溶媒は、 単独で使用しても、 2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。 混 合溶媒中に占める炭化水素系溶媒の割合は、 1 0 0〜 5 0 %の範囲であ るのが好ましい。 After completion of the reaction, the obtained reaction mixture is optionally removed by separating or distilling off the reaction solvent, followed by washing with a hydrocarbon solvent and then with water. Examples of the hydrocarbon solvent include aliphatic or alicyclic saturated hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, heptane and octane; aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene and mesitylene Hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbon solvents may be used in combination with other organic solvents. Examples of other organic solvents include halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, getyl ether, and the like. Ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, and anisol; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, and propyl butyrate; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and getyl ketone; Ketones such as methyl isopropyl pyrketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone are exemplified. these These solvents may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. The proportion of the hydrocarbon solvent in the mixed solvent is preferably in the range of 100 to 50%.
炭化水素系溶媒による洗浄の回数は、 特に制限されないが、 通常 2回 以上であるのが好ましい。 洗浄に使用される炭化水素系溶媒の量は、 特 に制限されることはないが、 通常、 得られたイミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) に 対して、 0 . 1〜 1 0 0倍重量であるのが好ましく、 洗浄の効果や経済 性を考慮すれば、 0 . 5〜8 0倍重量であるのがより好ましく、 1〜 5 0倍重量であるのが特に好ましい。 洗浄に使用された溶媒は、 必要に応 じて分液または留去などにより除去されるが、 水による洗浄前に必ずし も除去する必要はない。  Although the number of times of washing with the hydrocarbon solvent is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably at least two times. Although the amount of the hydrocarbon solvent used for washing is not particularly limited, it is usually 0.1 to 100 times the weight of the obtained imidazolium salt (I). It is preferably 0.5 to 80 times by weight, and particularly preferably 1 to 50 times by weight in consideration of the washing effect and economy. The solvent used for washing is removed by liquid separation or evaporation as necessary, but it is not necessary to remove it before washing with water.
洗浄に使用される水としては、 イオン交換水、 蒸留水、 精製水などの 金属成分を可能な限り含まないものが好ましい。 水の使用量は、 特に制 限されることはないが、 通常、 得られたイミダゾリウム塩 ( I ) に対し て、 0 . 0 1〜 5 0倍重量であるのが好ましく、 操作性を考慮すれば、 0 . 0 5〜4 0倍重量であるのがより好ましく、 0 . 1〜 3 0倍重量で あるのが特に好ましい。 洗浄の回数は、 通常 2回以上であるのが好まし い。  The water used for the washing is preferably one that does not contain metal components as much as possible, such as ion-exchanged water, distilled water and purified water. Although the amount of water used is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably 0.01 to 50 times the weight of the obtained imidazolium salt (I). In this case, the weight is more preferably 0.05 to 40 times the weight, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 30 times the weight. The number of washes is usually preferred to be 2 or more.
上記の洗浄処理後、 加熱、 減圧または加熱減圧の操作により、 洗浄に 用いた有機溶媒および水を除去することにより、 目的とするイミダゾリ ゥム塩 ( I ) を得ることができる。 実施例  After the above-mentioned washing treatment, the organic solvent and water used for washing are removed by heating, depressurizing, or heating and depressurizing to obtain the desired imidazolyl salt (I). Example
以下、 実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、 本発明は実施例よ り何ら制限されるものではない。 参考例 1 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. Reference example 1
還流管、 温度計および攪拌機を装着した内容積 30 Om 1の三ロフラ スコに、 イミダゾール 8 2. 1 g ( 1 mo 1 ) および 1—クロロブタン 92. 5 g ( 1 mo 1 ) を入れ、 系内を窒素で置換した後、 7 0°Cで 4 8時間加熱攪拌した。 室温に冷却した後、 酢酸ェチル 20 0 gに加えて 洗浄した。 酢酸ェチルを分液して除去し、 更に酢酸ェチル 1 0 0 gで洗 浄し、 分液、 除去した後、 減圧で更に酢酸ェチルを除去することにより、 1—プチルー 3—メチルイミダゾリゥムクロライド 1 3 6. 2 g (収率 78 %) を得た。 実施例 1  32.1 g (1 mo 1) of imidazole and 92.5 g (1 mo 1) of 1-chlorobutane were placed in a tri-flask with a volume of 30 Om 1 equipped with a reflux tube, thermometer and stirrer. Was replaced with nitrogen, and the mixture was heated with stirring at 70 ° C. for 48 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 200 g of ethyl acetate was added for washing. After separating and removing the ethyl acetate, washing with 100 g of ethyl acetate, separating and removing, and further removing the ethyl acetate under reduced pressure, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolyl chloride is obtained. 136.2 g (yield 78%) were obtained. Example 1
還流管、温度計および攪拌機を装着した内容積 1 Lの三口フラスコに、 参考例 1で得られた 1—プチルー 3—メチルイミダゾリゥムクロライド 94. 5 g ( 0. 5mo 1 ) 、 ナトリウム へキサフルォロホスフエ一 ト 8 3. 9 g (0. 5 mo 1 ) およぴァセトン 5 00 gを入れ、 27 °C で 24時間攪拌した。 得られた反応混合物をろ過し、 析出物を除去した 後、 減圧下にアセトンを留去した。 残渣にトルエン 2 0 0 gを加えて、 27 で 1 5分間攪拌し、 トルエンを分液除去する操作を 2回行った。 次いで、 イオン交換水 2 0 0 gを加えて、 1 5分間攪拌し、 水を分液除 去する操作を 2回行った。 7 0 で、 1 P aの減圧下、 8時間乾燥する ことにより、 N—プチルー N' —メチルイミダゾリゥムへキサフルォロ ホスフェートを 1 36. 5 g (収率 8 5 %) 得た。 参考例 2  In a 1 L three-necked flask equipped with a reflux tube, a thermometer, and a stirrer, 94.5 g (0.5 mol) of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolidum chloride obtained in Reference Example 1 and sodium hexane 83.9 g (0.5 mol) of fluorophosphate and 500 g of acetone were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at 27 ° C for 24 hours. The obtained reaction mixture was filtered to remove a precipitate, and then acetone was distilled off under reduced pressure. To the residue, 200 g of toluene was added, and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes at 27, and the operation of separating and removing toluene was performed twice. Next, 200 g of ion-exchanged water was added, the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes, and the operation of separating and removing water was performed twice. By drying at 70 under a reduced pressure of 1 Pa for 8 hours, 136.5 g (yield 85%) of N-butyl-N′-methylimidazolylhexafluorophosphate was obtained. Reference example 2
実施例 1において、 反応液をセライト 2 0 gを用いてろ過した後、 減 圧乾燥することにより、 N—プチルー N, —メチルイミダゾリウムへキ サフルォロホスフェートを 141. 4 g (収率 8 8. 1 %) 得た。 参考例 3 In Example 1, the reaction solution was filtered using 20 g of Celite, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain N-butyl-N, -methylimidazolium hexane. 141.4 g (yield 88.1%) of safluorophosphate was obtained. Reference example 3
内容積 50m lの 3口フラスコに、 ベンズアルデヒド 14. 4 g (0. 1 34mo 1 ) 、 実施例 1で得られた N—ブチル _Ν' —メチルイミダ ゾリゥムへキサフルォロホスフエ一ト 20 gおよびニッケルァセチルァ セトナート 0. 3 2 g (0. 2mmo 1 ) を入れ、 系内を窒素で置換し た後、 更に酸素で置換した。 酸素を毎分 5m 1供給しながら、 6 0°Cに 昇温し、 1 2時間攪拌した。 反応終了後、 イソプロピルエーテル 20 g を加えて抽出し、 ガスクロマトグラフィー (株式会社島津製作所製、 G C一 14A、 カラム;化学品検査協会製 G— 1 0 0、 30 m) で分析し たところ、 ベンズアルデヒドの転化率は 98 %であり、 安息香酸への選 択率は 88 %であった。 比較例 1  In a three-necked flask having an inner volume of 50 ml, 14.4 g (0.134mo 1) of benzaldehyde, 20 g of N-butyl_Ν'-methylimidazoliumhexafluorophosphate obtained in Example 1 and 0.32 g (0.2 mmo 1) of nickel acetyl acetate was added, and the system was replaced with nitrogen and further replaced with oxygen. The temperature was raised to 60 ° C. while supplying 5 ml of oxygen per minute, and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, 20 g of isopropyl ether was added for extraction, and the mixture was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC-14A, Shimadzu Corporation, column; G-100, 30 m, manufactured by The Chemicals Inspection Association). The conversion of benzaldehyde was 98% and the selectivity to benzoic acid was 88%. Comparative Example 1
参考例 3において、 実施例 1で得られた N—ブチル—N' —メチルイ ミダゾリゥムへキサフルォロホスフェートの代りに参考例 2で得られた N—ブチルー N' —メチルイミダゾリゥムへキサフルォロホスフエ一ト を用いた以外は同様の反応および操作を行った。 ベンズアルデヒドの転 化率は 45 %であり、 安息香酸への選択率は 7 1 %であった。 産業上の利用の可能性  In Reference Example 3, the N-butyl-N'-methylimidazolylhexafluo obtained in Reference Example 2 was used instead of the N-butyl-N'-methylimidazonium hexafluorophosphate obtained in Example 1. The same reaction and operation were carried out except that olophosphate was used. The conversion of benzaldehyde was 45% and the selectivity to benzoic acid was 71%. Industrial applicability
本発明によれば、 様々な反応に媒体として使用可能なイミダゾリウム 塩 ( I ) を工業的に有利に製造することができる。  According to the present invention, an imidazolium salt (I) that can be used as a medium for various reactions can be industrially advantageously produced.

Claims

請求の範囲  The scope of the claims
一般式 ( I )
Figure imgf000010_0001
General formula (I)
Figure imgf000010_0001
(式中、 R 1 および R 2 はそれぞれ炭素数 1〜 8のアルキル基を表し、 A一 は陰イオンを表す。 ) (In the formula, R 1 and R 2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and A 1 represents an anion.)
で示される N—アルキル— N ' —アルキルィミダゾリゥム塩を製造する に際し、 対応するイミダゾリウムハロゲン塩と該 N—アルキル— N ' ― アルキルイミダゾリウム塩が有する陰イオンを含むアル力リ金属塩とを 反応させた後、 炭化水素系溶媒で洗浄し、 次いで水で洗浄することを特 徴とする上記 N—アルキル一 N ' —アルキルイミダゾリゥム塩の製造方 法。 In producing an N-alkyl-N′-alkyl imidazolium salt represented by the following formula, an alcohol containing the corresponding imidazolium halide and the anion of the N-alkyl-N′-alkyl imidazolium salt The method for producing an N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolym salt as described above, wherein the salt is reacted with a metal salt, washed with a hydrocarbon solvent, and then washed with water.
2 . 一般式 ( I ) において、 R 1 がメチル基であり、 R 2 がブチル基 であり、 かつ A— がへキサフルォロリン酸イオンである請求の範囲第 1 項に記載の製造方法。 2. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein in the general formula (I), R 1 is a methyl group, R 2 is a butyl group, and A— is a hexafluorophosphate ion.
3 . 溶媒の存在下に反応を行う請求の範囲第 1項に記載の製造方法。 3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is performed in the presence of a solvent.
4 . 溶媒が脂肪族炭化水素、 芳香族炭化水素、 八ロゲン化炭化水素、 エステル、 ケトンまたはエーテルから選ばれる請求の範囲第 3項に記載 の製造方法。 4. The process according to claim 3, wherein the solvent is selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, octogenated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones and ethers.
5 . 反応終了後、 得られた反応混合物を、 反応溶媒を分液または留去 により除去した後に洗浄操作に付する請求の範囲第 1項に記載の製造方 法。  5. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the reaction is completed, the obtained reaction mixture is subjected to a washing operation after removing the reaction solvent by liquid separation or distillation, and then subjecting the reaction mixture to a washing operation.
6 . 炭化水素系溶媒が脂肪族飽和炭化水素、 脂環式飽和炭化水素また は芳香族炭化水素である請求の範囲第 1項に記載の製造方法。 6. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon solvent is an aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon, an alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon, or an aromatic hydrocarbon.
7. 脂肪族または脂環式の飽和炭化水素がペンタン、 へキサン、 シク 口へキサン、 メチルシクロへキサン、 ヘプタンまたはオクタンから選ば れる請求の範囲第 6項に記載の製造方法。 7. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the aliphatic or alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon is selected from pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, heptane and octane.
8. 芳香族炭化水素がベンゼン、 トルエン、 キシレンまたはメシチレ ンから選ばれる請求の範囲第 6項に記載の製造方法。  8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon is selected from benzene, toluene, xylene, and mesitylene.
9. 炭化水素系溶媒の使用量が、 該 N—アルキル— N' —アルキルイ ミダゾリゥム塩に対して 0. 1〜 1 0 0倍重量である請求の範囲第 1項 に記載の製造方法。  9. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the hydrocarbon solvent used is 0.1 to 100 times the weight of the N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolide salt.
1 0. 炭化水素系溶媒の使用量が、 該 N—アルキル— N' —アルキル イミダゾリウム塩に対して 0. 5〜 8 0倍重量である請求の範囲第 1項 に記載の製造方法。  10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the hydrocarbon solvent used is 0.5 to 80 times the weight of the N-alkyl-N'-alkyl imidazolium salt.
1 1. 炭化水素系溶媒の使用量が、 該 N—アルキル— N' -アルキル イミダゾリウム塩に対して 1〜 5 0倍重量である請求の範囲第 1項に記 載の製造方法。  1 1. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the hydrocarbon solvent used is 1 to 50 times the weight of the N-alkyl-N'-alkyl imidazolium salt.
1 2. 炭化水素系溶媒による洗浄を 2回以上行う請求の範囲第 1項に 記載の製造方法。  1 2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein washing with a hydrocarbon solvent is performed at least twice.
1 3. 水がイオン交換水、 蒸留水または精製水から選ばれる請求の範 囲第 1項に記載の製造方法。  1 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water is selected from ion-exchanged water, distilled water and purified water.
1 4. 水の使用量が、 該 N—アルキル一 N' —アルキルイミダゾリウ ム塩に対して 0. 0 1 ~ 5 0倍重量である請求の範囲第 1項に記載の製 造方法。  14. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water used is 0.01 to 50 times the weight of the N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolyte salt.
1 5. 水の使用量が、 該 N—アルキル一 N' 一アルキルイミダゾリウ ム塩に対して 0. 0 5〜40倍重量である請求の範囲第 1項に記載の製 造方法。  15. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water used is 0.05 to 40 times the weight of the N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolium salt.
1 6. 水の使用量が、 該 N—アルキル— N' —アルキルイミダゾリウ ム塩に対して 0. 1〜 3 0倍重量である請求の範囲第 1項に記載の製造 方法。 1 6. When the amount of water used is N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazoliu 2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the weight is 0.1 to 30 times the weight of the salt.
1 7. 水による洗浄を 2回以上行う請求の範囲第 1項に記載の製造方 法。  1 7. The production method according to claim 1, wherein washing with water is performed twice or more.
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