WO2003087669A1 - Incinerateur, incinerateur de gazeification et procede de traitement des dechets - Google Patents

Incinerateur, incinerateur de gazeification et procede de traitement des dechets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003087669A1
WO2003087669A1 PCT/JP2003/004568 JP0304568W WO03087669A1 WO 2003087669 A1 WO2003087669 A1 WO 2003087669A1 JP 0304568 W JP0304568 W JP 0304568W WO 03087669 A1 WO03087669 A1 WO 03087669A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slag
combustion chamber
flow
melting furnace
molten
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2003/004568
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Nobuya Azuma
Shigeru Kosugi
Takashi Nakajima
Tetsuya Ando
Toshio Kojima
Original Assignee
Ebara Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebara Corporation filed Critical Ebara Corporation
Priority to US10/485,274 priority Critical patent/US20040237861A1/en
Priority to EP03746447A priority patent/EP1496310A1/fr
Priority to CA002456335A priority patent/CA2456335A1/fr
Priority to JP2003584576A priority patent/JPWO2003087669A1/ja
Priority to AU2003236057A priority patent/AU2003236057A1/en
Priority to KR10-2004-7000856A priority patent/KR20040095194A/ko
Publication of WO2003087669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003087669A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/104—Combustion in two or more stages with ash melting stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/20—Medical materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
    • F23G2209/281—Tyres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash

Definitions

  • the present invention introduces a product gas containing ash and unburned carbon from a gasifier, etc.
  • the present invention relates to a melting furnace and a gasification and melting system, which burn at a high temperature and melt the ash to form a molten slag.
  • waste incineration ash usually contains harmful heavy metals, it is necessary to take measures to solidify heavy metal components in order to treat incineration ash by landfill. In addition, the scale down of the entire equipment is required. As equipment that can cope with such issues, it is possible to recover various metals, melt ash to form molten slag, recover this molten slag, and recover energy such as heat and power.
  • gasification and melting furnaces gasification and melting systems
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional gasification and melting system that is a combination of a fluidized bed gasification furnace and a swirling melting furnace.
  • the gasification and melting system includes a fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 and a swirling melting furnace 10.
  • the waste is collected in the fluidized bed 2 of the fluidized bed gasifier 1
  • the gas is then gasified in the gasifier 1 to generate unburned gas containing unburned carbon and ash at a temperature of about 500 ° C to 600 ° C.
  • the high temperature combustion at a low air ratio (approximately 1.3 to 1.5) with the secondary air introduced into the melting furnace 10, and the inside of the swirling melting furnace 10 is heated to the melting point of ash or higher (130 0 ° C or higher, preferably about 135 ° C).
  • the ash is collected on the furnace wall to generate a molten slag flow.
  • the molten slag falls out of the furnace from the slag outlet 17 and is brought into contact with the slag cooling water to form granulated slag.
  • high-temperature combustion gas generated by converting ash into molten slag is introduced into a waste heat boiler, a heat exchanger, and the like, and thermal energy is recovered.
  • the structure of the melting furnace affects the molten state of the ash and the smooth operation and maintenance. It has been considered an important point.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of this type of conventional melting furnace.
  • reference numeral 10 denotes a melting furnace
  • the melting furnace 10 includes a primary combustion chamber 11, a secondary combustion chamber 12, and a tertiary combustion chamber 13.
  • the passage through which the combustion gas 16 in the furnace passes is formed in a substantially V-shape, and a slag drop 17 is formed at the bottom of the V-shape.
  • the generated gas 14 containing unburned carbon or ash gasified in the gasifier 1 (see Fig. 1) or the gas mixed with the combustion gas together with the generated gas 14 is the primary combustion chamber of the melting furnace 10.
  • a waste heat boiler (not shown) Will be issued.
  • FIG. 1 waste heat boiler
  • reference numerals 18 and 19 denote a temperature-raising and combustion-supporting wrench, respectively. Also, in the above example, an example in which both the generated gas 14 and the combustion air 15 are introduced in the tangential direction of the inner wall of the furnace wall has been described, but either the generated gas 14 or the combustion air 15 In some cases, a swirl flow is formed by introducing the swirl flow in the tangential direction of the inner surface, and the other is blown into the swirl flow to perform mixed combustion.
  • the ash is collected on the furnace wall by this swirling flow, is melted at a high temperature to form molten slag 20, flows through the furnace bottom, and falls from the slag drop 17 through the slag chute 30 to the outside of the furnace.
  • the dropped molten slag 20 comes into contact with slag cooling water (not shown) and becomes granulated slag, which is collected.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace.
  • the molten slag 20 flowing down from the furnace wall of the melting furnace 10 gathers at the furnace bottom and travels along the inner wall surface 17 a of the slag outlet 17. Fall.
  • the inner wall 17a of the slag drop 17 is intensively exposed to the high-temperature molten slag 20 and is severely melted. If the melt proceeds, the inner wall of the slag drop 17 is replaced. There is a need.
  • the slag outlet 17 is located in the high-temperature secondary combustion chamber 12 and the tertiary combustion chamber 13 and the low-temperature slag chute 30 (below the slag cooling water, (30 is low temperature), which is a more severe condition for refractory materials due to a temperature gradient, and is easily damaged.
  • the inner wall of the slag drop 17 is integrated with the inner wall of the melting furnace 10, there is a problem that the replacement operation is not easy.
  • the inner wall of the slag opening 17 is made of a refractory material that is particularly resistant to erosion and high heat.
  • a water pipe is provided on the inner wall of the slag outlet 17 in order to reduce the amount of erosion.However, the inner wall 17a is supercooled, and the molten slag 20 adheres. There is also a problem that it grows into such massive slag 21 and, in the worst case, blocks the slug drop 17. In this case, there is also a problem that the refractory material does not exhibit its original strength unless it is dried and fired, and if it is supercooled by a water pipe, the refractory material is damaged and becomes weak due to insufficient strength.
  • FIG. 4 is a second view showing the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace 10.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and eliminates the above-mentioned problems.
  • the wall of the slag outlet of the melting furnace is melted, the replacement thereof is easy, and the melt is hardly damaged and damaged. It is an object of the present invention to provide a melting furnace and a gasification and melting system that can prevent molten slag from adhering and solidifying at a slag drop due to supercooling of a slag dropping portion.
  • one embodiment of the melting furnace of the present invention includes a combustion chamber that burns ash-containing combustible gas to melt the ash, and a slag drop that discharges molten slag generated by melting the ash.
  • the slag outlet is made of a replaceable refractory material.
  • the slag dropout block is resistant to melting damage and high heat.
  • a refractory material it is manufactured in a factory or the like through a predetermined manufacturing process (for example, a forming process and a drying process) before being transported to the site where the melting furnace is installed, where the melted slag is dropped. It becomes easy to replace with a block.
  • the slag opening block is damaged.
  • a high chromium-based refractory material it is possible to prevent the slag wall from being damaged or damaged.
  • the slag outlet block around the slag outlet it is not necessary to cool the refractory material with a water pipe as in the past, or it can be improved with a small amount of cooling. Adhesion and solidification can be prevented.
  • the slag outlet is a block having an opening formed in the center, and at least one slag flow that reaches the slag outlet from the outer periphery of the upstream side of the combustion gas flow on the upper surface of the block.
  • a feature is that a groove is formed.
  • a slag flow-down groove reaching the slag discharge from the upstream outer periphery of the combustion gas passage was formed on the block upper surface of the slag discharge block, and the molten slag flowing down the inner wall surface of the melting furnace formed the slag flow-down groove. As the molten slag flows into the slag dropper, the discharge position of the molten slag is limited.
  • the molten slag flows intensively, even if the facility is small and the operating state is small, the molten slag is difficult to cool down and adheres and solidifies on the surface of the slag outlet block. Can be prevented as much as possible.
  • the slag outlet block is an inclined surface whose upper surface is lowered toward the slag outlet, and the upper end of the outer periphery of the slag outlet is higher in the upstream side of the combustion gas flow and downstream.
  • the upper surface of the slag opening block is an inclined surface that descends toward the slag opening, and the upper end of the outer periphery of the slag opening is the combustion gas. Since the upstream side of the flow is formed high and the downstream side is formed low, the combustion gas flowing into the upstream upper surface of the slag drop block passes through the upper part of the slag drop and then flows along the downstream upper surface.
  • the slag opening block is characterized in that its upper surface is an inclined surface descending toward the outer periphery.
  • the slag opening block has an inclined surface whose upper surface descends toward the outer periphery, the combustion gas flowing into the upper surface on the upstream side of the slag opening block becomes a flow that rises toward the slag opening. As a result, the combustion gas flowing into the slag outlet can be minimized. Furthermore, since the upper surface is an inclined surface that descends toward the outer periphery, all the molten slag attached to the upper surface is collected on the outer periphery, and the molten slag flowing down the inner wall surface of the melting furnace is collected on the outer peripheral portion of the slag outlet block. Since the molten slag flows into the slag outlet through the slag flow-down groove, it is possible to prevent the molten slag from adhering and solidifying to the surface of the slag outlet block.
  • the slag exit block is composed of a plurality of blocks.
  • the slag opening block is composed of a plurality of blocks, the production and transport of the slag opening block can be facilitated. Also, even in the case of damage, the replacement is easy because only the damaged block needs to be replaced.
  • the gasification and melting system includes: a gasification furnace that gasifies waste to generate a combustible gas containing ash and unburned carbon; and combustible gas containing the ash and unburned carbon at a high temperature.
  • a gasification melting system including a melting furnace for melting the melt, wherein the melting furnace is used as the melting furnace.
  • the gas having the above-mentioned characteristics possessed by the melting furnace and having high operating efficiency can be obtained.
  • a chemical melting system can be constructed.
  • another embodiment of the melting furnace of the present invention includes a combustion chamber for burning a combustible gas containing ash to melt the ash, and a slag produced by melting the ash.
  • a combustion chamber for burning a combustible gas containing ash to melt the ash, and a slag produced by melting the ash.
  • the height of the peripheral end of the slag drop is higher on the upstream side of the combustion gas flow and lower on the downstream side.
  • the height of the peripheral end of the slag drop is higher on the upstream side of the combustion gas flow and lower on the downstream side, so that the combustion gas flowing along the upper surface on the upstream side of the outer periphery of the slag drop is Since it passes over the slag opening and reaches the upper surface on the downstream side, the flue gas flows smoothly without hitting the downstream peripheral end surface of the slag opening and generating turbulence as in the past. Does not adversely affect the molten slag discharge status. Further, since the combustion gas passes over the slag drop and can be redirected by the upper surface on the downstream side, the combustion gas flowing into the slag drop can be suppressed as much as possible.
  • the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the slag drop is a slope rising toward the slag drop, and the molten slag reaching the slag drop on the upstream slope of the combustion gas flow. It is characterized in that at least one slag flow-down groove is formed in which slag flows down.
  • the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the slag drop is a slope that rises toward the slag drop, and the combustion gas flowing along the upstream slope reaches the slope on the downstream side
  • the combustion gas flowing along the upper surface on the upstream side of the outer peripheral portion of the slag drop is discharged.
  • the slag flows over the slag opening without turbulence by colliding with the surrounding side surface downstream of the slag, and reaches the upper surface on the downstream side without fail. Does not adversely affect
  • the outer periphery of the slag outlet is an inclined surface whose upper surface rises toward the outlet, the combustion gas flowing into the upstream of the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the slag rises toward the slag outlet. As a result, the combustion gas flowing into the slag outlet can be suppressed as much as possible.
  • a slag flow-down groove was formed on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the slag outlet where the molten slag reaching the slag outlet from the upstream inclined surface of the combustion gas passage was formed, so that the molten slag flowing down the inner wall surface of the melting furnace was formed. Since the molten slag flows into the slag outlet through the slag flow-down ditch, the discharge position of the molten slag is limited. In addition, since the molten slag flows intensively through the slag flow channel, cooling of the molten slag is difficult to occur even in a facility with a small amount of slag and in operation, and the molten slag is located around the slag outlet. Adhesion and solidification on the surface of the part can be prevented as much as possible.
  • waste is gasified in a fluidized-bed furnace, a combustible gas containing ash is generated, and the combustible gas is burned to convert ash into molten slag in a melting furnace.
  • the melting furnace includes a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, and a tertiary combustion chamber, and collects the molten slag on a wall surface of the primary combustion chamber and transfers the molten slag to the secondary combustion chamber.
  • the slag drop-down block located at the lowest part of the secondary combustion chamber has a slag flow-down groove only on the primary combustion chamber side, and melts the slag on the wall surface of the secondary combustion chamber.
  • the molten slag is discharged from the slag flow-down groove by flowing down to the slag flow-down groove, and the molten slag is collected on the wall surface of the tertiary combustion chamber from the combustion gas led to the tertiary combustion chamber. Flow down to the block and discharged from the slag flow-down groove. Passed down into granulated trough the discharged molten slag from, characterized in that cooling.
  • the slag flow-down groove is provided only on the primary combustion chamber side as described above, the molten slag is concentrated in the slag flow-down groove, and a part of the combustion gas flows through the slag flow-down groove. By flowing, the cooling of the molten slag can be prevented.
  • waste is gasified in a fluidized bed furnace to generate a combustible gas containing ash, and the combustible gas is burned to melt ash in a melting furnace.
  • a method for treating waste to be converted into a waste gas wherein the melting furnace includes a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, and a tertiary combustion chamber, wherein the molten slag is collected on a wall surface of the primary combustion chamber and the secondary slag is collected.
  • the slag dropper block disposed at the lowest part of the secondary combustion chamber has a slag flow-down groove on the primary combustion chamber side, and melts slag on the wall surface of the secondary combustion chamber.
  • the molten slag is discharged from the slag flow-down groove by flowing down into the slag flow-down groove, and the molten slag is collected on the wall surface of the tertiary combustion chamber from the combustion gas led to the tertiary combustion chamber. Slag flowing down to the block and discharged from the slag flow-down groove-slag flow-down.
  • the molten slag discharged from the furnace is cooled and solidified, and together with the water vapor generated by the cooling and solidification, the combustion gas is sucked from the slag outlet of the secondary combustion chamber to form a mixed gas, and the mixed gas is introduced into the tertiary combustion chamber It is characterized by doing.
  • the present invention by sucking the combustion gas from the slag outlet together with the steam generated by the slag cooling and solidification as described above, the cooling of the slag dropper portion by the steam is prevented, and the combustion gas is combined. By suction, the slag drop and its surroundings can be kept at a high temperature.
  • waste is gasified in a fluidized-bed furnace, a combustible gas containing ash is generated, and the combustible gas is burned to convert ash into molten slag in a melting furnace.
  • Waste treatment method wherein the melting furnace is a primary combustion A secondary combustion chamber and a tertiary combustion chamber, wherein the molten slag is collected on a wall surface of the primary combustion chamber and flows down to the secondary combustion chamber, and is disposed at a lowest part of the secondary combustion chamber.
  • the slag drop block has a slag flow-down groove on the side of the primary combustion chamber, and causes the molten slag on the wall of the secondary combustion chamber to flow down to the slag flow-down groove so that the molten slag flows from the slag flow-down groove.
  • the molten slag discharged from the downflow groove is cooled in a slag chute, a pressure difference between the secondary combustion chamber and the inside of the slag shot is detected, and when the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined value, the secondary combustion is performed.
  • Secondary combustion chamber installed in the chamber The slag is heated around the opening of the slag.
  • the pressure difference between the secondary combustion chamber and the inside of the slag shot is detected, and when the pressure value becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the slag outlet is formed by slag adhesion and solidification. It is predicted that there is a tendency of blockage, and the slag drop and its surroundings can be heated by the secondary combustion chamber burner to prevent slag blockage.
  • the waste treatment apparatus is characterized in that the waste is gasified in a fluidized bed furnace to generate a combustible gas containing ash, and the combustible gas is burned in a melting furnace to convert the ash into molten slag.
  • a waste treatment apparatus for cooling a waste gas wherein the melting furnace is disposed at a lowest part of the primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, a tertiary combustion chamber, and the secondary combustion chamber, and is disposed on a primary combustion chamber side.
  • a slag outlet block having a slag flow-down groove wherein the molten slag is collected on a wall surface of the primary combustion chamber and allowed to flow down to the secondary combustion chamber, and the molten slag is collected on a wall surface of the secondary combustion chamber.
  • the molten slag is caused to flow down into the slag flow-down groove and discharged from the slag flow-down groove,
  • the molten slag is collected on the wall surface of the tertiary combustion chamber from the combustion gas guided to the tertiary combustion chamber, flows down to the slag outlet block, and is discharged from the slag flow-down groove,
  • a slag chute for cooling the molten slag discharged from the slag flow-down groove is provided below the block, and a pressure detector for detecting a pressure difference between the secondary combustion chamber and the inside of the slag chute is provided.
  • a pressure detector detects a pressure difference between the secondary combustion chamber and the slag chute, and when the pressure difference becomes a predetermined value or more, a secondary combustion chamber burner provided in the secondary combustion chamber. Is activated to heat the periphery of the slag dropping portion.
  • the pressure difference between the secondary combustion chamber and the inside of the slag shot is detected, and when the pressure value becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the slag outlet is formed by slag adhesion and solidification. It is predicted that the slag is likely to be blocked, and the slag outlet and its surroundings can be heated by the burner of the secondary combustion chamber to prevent slag blockage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional gasification and melting system.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional melting furnace.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example near the slag drop of the melting furnace.
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. Figure 6 A through Figure 6 C is illustrating the structure of the slag Ochiguchi unit block
  • FIG. 6 A is a side sectional view (FIG. 6 VI A of B - VI A line cross-sectional view)
  • FIG. 6 B is a plan view
  • FIG. 6 C is a side sectional view (VI C in FIG. 6 B - VI C line cross-sectional view) is.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing an example of a slag drop block of a melting furnace according to the present invention. is there.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 A is a side sectional view of the slug ⁇ Ro portion proc shown in FIG. 8 (IX A one IX A line cross section of FIG. 9 B),
  • FIG. 9 B is a plan view of a slug Ochiguchi portion proc shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a view showing another embodiment showing the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a view showing another embodiment showing the vicinity of the slag dropping portion of the melting furnace according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13A is a side sectional view of a slag drop
  • FIG. 13B is a plan view.
  • FIG. 14 is a view showing a melting furnace of another embodiment according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 15A to FIG. 15C are views showing the block of the slag dropper.
  • FIG. 5 A is a perspective view of a slug ⁇ Ro portion
  • FIG. 1 5 B is XV B of FIG 1 5 A - XV B line cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 1 5 C is XV C in FIG. 1 5 A - is a XV C line cross-sectional view .
  • FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
  • FIGS. 17A and 17B are cross-sectional views showing the flow of molten slag passing through the slag outlet.
  • FIG. 18 is a view showing a melting furnace according to another embodiment of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace according to the present invention.
  • a slag outlet block 22 is provided at the bottom of the melting furnace 10 between the secondary combustion chamber 12 and the tertiary combustion chamber 13.
  • reference numeral 23 is This is a water pipe provided at the lower part of the block.
  • FIGS. Figure 6 A through Figure 6 C is illustrating the structure of the slag Ochiguchi unit block 2 2,
  • FIG. 6 A is a side sectional view (FIG. 6 VI A of B - VI A cross-sectional view)
  • FIG. 6 B is a plan view
  • Figure 6 C is a side sectional view (FIG. 6 VI C _ VI C sectional view of B).
  • the slag outlet block 2 2 is made of a refractory material that is resistant to erosion and high heat (for example, a high chromium type refractory material (chrome material with a chrome of 60% or more)). Are formed.
  • the upper surface 22 a of the slag drop block 22 is an inclined surface descending toward the central slag drop 17, and the inner peripheral surface 2 2 c that is the inner surface of the slag drop 17 is vertical Formed on the surface.
  • the height 1 ⁇ on the upstream side (arrow C side) of the flow of combustion gas 16 on the inner peripheral surface 2 2 c of the slag outlet block 22 serving as the inner surface of the slag outlet 17 is the downstream side (arrows). higher than the height h 2 of the D side) (! ⁇ > has 11. Further, the upstream side periphery of the upper surface 2 2 a slug Ochiguchi unit block 2 second combustion gas 1 6 flows crow lag Ochiguchi 1 A slag flow-down groove 2 2 d is formed to reach 7.
  • the slag flow-down groove 2 2 d has a wide outer peripheral side, a narrow slag outlet 17 side, and a substantially arc-shaped bottom. .
  • the slag dropper block 2 2 moves from the secondary combustion chamber 12 to the tertiary combustion chamber 1.
  • the combustion gas 16 flowing to 3 flows into the upper surface 2 a of the slag drop block 22 from the upstream side (arrow C side), and passes through the upper part of the slag drop 17 to the downstream side (arrow D side).
  • the height 1 ⁇ on the upstream side of the upper end of the inner peripheral surface 2 2c is higher than the height h 2 on the downstream side (hi> h 2 ), as shown in Fig. 6A.
  • the angle of inclination of the upper surface 22a on the upstream side is set so that the combustion gas 16 passing through the upper part of the slag drop 17 does not collide with the inner peripheral surface 22c.
  • Gas 16 is the upper surface on the downstream side 2 2 a Flows into the tertiary combustion chamber 13, and the combustion gas 16 does not flow into the slag tank 17.
  • the slag drop block 22 is a separate part from the furnace wall of the melting furnace, it is not supercooled by the water pipe 23, and there is no adhesion and solidification of the molten slag 20 due to supercooling. Become.
  • the upper surface 22a of the slag outlet block 22 has a slag flow-down groove 2d reaching the slag outlet 17 from the outer periphery on the upstream side, so that it flows down the inner wall surface of the melting furnace 10. Since the molten slag 20 is collected in the slag flow ditch 2 2 d and flows into the slag drop 1 ⁇ , it is possible to prevent the molten slag 20 from adhering and solidifying to the surface of the slag drop block 22. it can.
  • the number of the slag flow-down grooves 22 d may be one or more.
  • the length of the inner peripheral surface 22 c of the slag outlet block 22 serving as the inner surface of the slag outlet 17 is preferably shorter from the viewpoint of preventing adhesion and solidification of the molten slag 20 as much as possible.
  • the height dimension h of the slag opening portion block 22 may be shortened.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 A is a side sectional view of the slug Ochiguchi portion Proc ( Figure 9 IX A of B - IX A cross-sectional view)
  • Fig. 9 B is a plan view of a slug ⁇ Ro portion proc 2 2 shown in FIG.
  • a slag dropper block 22 having an inclined surface whose upper surface 22a descends toward the outer periphery is used.
  • a slag flow-down groove 2 d reaching the slag port 17 from the outer periphery of the combustion gas passage on the upper surface 22 a on the upstream side is formed.
  • the slag outlet block 22 is formed as an inclined surface whose upper surface 22a descends toward the outer periphery, all the molten slag adhered to the upper surface 22a is collected on the outer periphery, and the melting furnace 10 Secondary combustion chamber 12 and tertiary combustion Along with the molten slag 20 flowing down the inner wall surface of the firing chamber 13, it flows into the joint between the inner wall surface and the outer periphery of the slag outlet block 22, and further passes through the slag lowering groove 22 d to the slag outlet 1 ⁇ Since the molten slag 20 falls and falls, it is possible to prevent the molten slag 20 from adhering to and solidifying on the surface of the slag dropping block 22 as much as possible.
  • the number of the slag flow-down grooves 2 2 d may be one or more.
  • the combustion gas 16 flowing into the upper surface 22 a on the upstream side of the slag drop block 22 will flow ascending toward the slag drop 17 (see FIG. 9A). Since the gas flows over the slug drop 17, the combustion gas 16 flowing into the slug drop 17 can be suppressed as much as possible.
  • the upper surface is an inclined surface that descends toward the outer periphery, all the molten slag attached to the upper surface is collected on the outer periphery, and the molten slag flowing down the inner wall surface of the melting furnace is collected on the outer periphery of the slag outlet block. Since the slag flows into the slag opening 17 through the slag flow-down groove 2 d, it is possible to prevent molten slag from adhering and solidifying to the surface of the slag opening block.
  • the slag opening block 22 is manufactured as a precast block through a molding step and a drying step in advance using a refractory material at a factory. This makes it possible to use refractory materials that are resistant to melting and resistant to high heat (for example, high chromium (60% or more chromium)).
  • a refractory material for example, high chromium (60% or more chromium)
  • the slag opening portion block 22 is divided into a plurality of blocks and is manufactured through the above-described forming step and drying step, manufacturing, transportation, and replacement of only the damaged portion become easy.
  • the slag outlet block 22 has a circular shape, but may have an elliptical shape, a square shape, or the like so as to conform to the structure of the melting furnace 10.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another embodiment showing the vicinity of the slag dropping part of the melting furnace according to the present invention.
  • the secondary combustion chamber 1 2 of the melting furnace 10 A slag outlet 17 is provided at the bottom between the slag and the tertiary combustion chamber 13.
  • the upper surface 17 b of the outer peripheral part of the slag drop 17 is a slope that descends toward the slag drop 17, and the height of the peripheral end of the slag drop 17 is the flow of the combustion gas 16.
  • high summer and are (! ⁇ .
  • the slag drop port 1 The combustion gas 16 flowing along the upstream side of the upper surface 17 b of the outer peripheral portion of the upper slag 17 passes through the upper portion of the slag drop 17 and reaches the upper surface 17 b of the downstream side so as to reach the upper surface 17 b of the downstream side.
  • the height h 2 on the downstream side is set.
  • FIG. 12 is a view showing the vicinity of the slag outlet of the melting furnace according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13A is a side sectional view of the slag drop shown in FIG. 12, and
  • FIG. 13B is a plan view of the slag drop shown in FIG.
  • the upper surface 17b of the outer peripheral portion of the slag drop 17 is formed as an inclined surface that rises toward the slag drop 17.
  • a slag flow-down groove 17 d reaching the slag drop 17 from the outer periphery on the upstream side of the combustion gas passage is formed on the outer peripheral portion upper surface 17 b.
  • the upper surface 17b of the outer peripheral portion of the slag outlet 17 As described above, the upper surface 17b of the outer peripheral portion of the slag outlet 17 As a result, the combustion gas 16 flowing into the upper surface on the upstream side of the slag outlet 17 rises toward the slag outlet 17 as shown in Fig. 13A. The flow proceeds and flows above the slag drop 17, so that the combustion gas 16 flowing into the slag drop 17 can be suppressed as much as possible. Also, since the upper surface 17b of the outer peripheral portion is an inclined surface that rises toward the slag outlet 17, all the molten slag 20 attached to the upper surface is collected on the outer periphery, and the inner wall surface of the melting furnace is removed. The molten slag that has flowed down is collected at the outer peripheral portion of the slag opening 17 and the molten slag can be prevented from adhering and solidifying on the outer peripheral surface of the slag opening 17 as much as possible.
  • the gasification furnace is used.
  • an internal circulation type fluidized bed gasification furnace an external circulation type fluidized bed gasification furnace, a kiln furnace or the like can be used.
  • the present invention is characterized in that one of the features of the present invention is to add a height and / or an inclination angle to a slag outlet in order to prevent blockage at a slag discharge part of the melting furnace.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the rotary melting furnace, and any melting furnace can be selected.
  • FIG. 14 is a view showing a melting furnace of another embodiment according to the present invention.
  • the slag outlet block 32 arranged at the lowest part of the secondary combustion chamber has a slag flow-down groove 32 d only on the primary combustion chamber 11 side.
  • Figure 1 5 A to FIG. 1 5 C is a diagram showing a slag Ochiguchi unit Proc
  • FIG 1 5 A is a perspective view of a slug Ochiguchi portion
  • FIG. 1 5 B Figure 1 5 A of XV B - XV B line sectional view
  • FIG. 1 5 C is a XV c one XV C line sectional view of FIG. 1 5 a.
  • the slag outlet block 32 is a slag flow-down groove 3 2 d facing the primary combustion chamber 11 side. And is disposed at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber 12 at the end of the primary combustion chamber 11.
  • the molten slag 20 which has flowed down the inner wall of the melting furnace 10, gathers around the slag drop block 32, and the slag flow-down groove 3 Emitted from 2d. Concentration of slag discharge in the slag flow ditch 3 2d prevents molten slag from cooling. Also, by disposing the slag flow-down groove 32 d on the upstream side of the combustion gas 16 (primary combustion chamber), a part of the combustion gas 16 flows into the slag flow-down groove 32 d. Can be kept at a high temperature.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the present embodiment in more detail.
  • FIGS. 17A and 17B are cross-sectional views showing a state in which the molten slag flows through the slag opening.
  • a pipe 40 is provided to connect the slag chute 30 and the tertiary combustion chamber 13 and the dust collector 41 and the fan 42 are connected. It is provided in the pipe 40.
  • the slag shoot 30 constitutes a granulated trough, and the molten slag 20 discharged from the slag outlet is cooled by slag cooling water to form granulated slag.
  • the supply position of the mixed gas sucked from the slag and supplied to the melting furnace 10 is not limited to the tertiary combustion chamber 13. That is, the piping 40 is a duct connecting the gasification furnace and the melting furnace, a primary combustion chamber, and a secondary fuel. At least one of the firing chamber, tertiary combustion chamber, and flue in front of the waste heat boiler can be connected to the slag shoot (not shown). In this case, a dust collector 41 and a fan 42 are provided in the pipe 40, and a heating device can be further provided. With this configuration, as shown in Fig. 16 and Fig.
  • the heating device is installed in the pipe 40, the heating device is used to reduce the temperature of the mixed gas by about 2 so that the supply of the mixed gas to the melting furnace does not cause a significant temperature drop in the melting furnace.
  • the temperature is preferably at least 100 ° C, more preferably at least 300 ° C.
  • the slag opening must not be obstructed.
  • the reason is that when the area of the opening of the slag opening is reduced, the slag opening is rapidly blocked by the following vicious cycle.
  • the vicious cycle means that when the opening area of the slag outlet decreases, the ventilation resistance (pressure loss) of the combustion gas 16 passing therethrough increases, and the suction This is a phenomenon in which the amount of combustion gas generated decreases, making it difficult to maintain the molten slag at high temperatures, and further reducing the opening area of the slag outlet. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid that the slag outlet is becoming obstructive. Therefore, it is extremely important to proactively prevent the above problems from occurring in order to secure the slag discharge function of discharging molten slag from the slag outlet.
  • the pressure difference between the inside of the slag shout 30 and the inside of the secondary combustion chamber 12 was further measured by the pressure detector 45, and the pressure difference became larger than the predetermined pressure difference.
  • a signal measured by the pressure detector 45 is sent to a control device (not shown) via the first signal transmission means.
  • the controller determines whether or not the pressure difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined pressure difference, if the pressure difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined pressure difference, the controller transmits a second signal from the controller to start the secondary combustion chamber parner 46. It is configured to be sent to the secondary combustion chamber parner 46 through the means. With such a configuration, it is possible to positively prevent the slag from dropping in and around the slag.
  • the slag outlet block is replaced with a slag drop block that can be replaced separately from the furnace wall, so that the slag outlet block is made in advance using a refractory material that is resistant to melting and high heat.
  • a refractory material that is resistant to melting and high heat.
  • Manufactured through a specified manufacturing process eg, molding process, drying process
  • the slag opening block is melted and damaged.
  • the upper surface of the slag drop block has a slope that descends toward the slag drop, and the upper end of the outer periphery of the slag drop is formed so that the upstream side of the combustion gas flow is high and the downstream side is low.
  • the combustion gas flowing into the upper surface on the upstream side of the slag outlet block passes through the upper portion of the slag outlet and then flows along the upper surface on the downstream side to collide with the inner surface of the slag outlet.
  • combustion gas flowing into the slag outlet can be minimized.
  • the gas flow near the slag outlet is smoothed, and the melted slag discharged does not fall off.
  • the upper surface of the slag drop block is a slope that descends toward the outer circumference, the combustion gas flowing into the upper surface on the upstream side of the slag drop block rises toward the slag drop. As a result, the combustion gas flowing into the slag mouth can be suppressed as much as possible. Furthermore, since the upper surface is an inclined surface descending toward the outer periphery, all the molten slag attached to the upper surface is collected on the outer periphery, and the molten slag flowing down the inner wall surface of the melting furnace is slag.
  • the slag collects on the outer peripheral portion of the drop block and flows into the slag drop through the slag flow-down groove, it is possible to prevent the molten slag from adhering and solidifying on the surface of the slag drop block.
  • the slag exit block is composed of a plurality of blocks, the production and transportation of the slag exit block become easy. In addition, even in the case of damage, replacement is easy because only the damaged block needs to be replaced.
  • a melting furnace of the gasification and melting system exhibiting the above-mentioned characteristics of the melting furnace can be constructed.
  • the upper surface of the outer periphery of the slag drop is a slope that rises toward the slag drop, so that the combustion gas flowing along the upstream slope reaches the slope on the downstream side.
  • the combustion gas flowing along the upper surface on the upstream side of the outer peripheral portion of the slag drop is downstream of the slag drop. Passes above the slag drop without turbulence by colliding with the surrounding side surface, and securely on the upper surface on the downstream side , The flow is smooth and does not adversely affect the molten slag discharge status.
  • a slag flow-down groove is formed on the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of the slag outlet where the molten slag that reaches the slag outlet from the upstream slope of the combustion gas passage flows down, so the molten slag flowing down the inner wall surface of the melting furnace Flows into the slag outlet through the slag flow-down groove, so that the discharge position of the molten slag is limited.
  • the slag outlet block has a slag flow-down groove only on the primary combustion chamber side, the molten slag is concentrated in the slag flow-down groove, and a part of the combustion gas flows into the slag flow-down groove.
  • the cooling of the molten slag can be prevented by flowing water.
  • the present invention can be suitably used in a melting furnace and a gasification melting system, in which a generated gas containing ash and unburned carbon from a gasification furnace or the like is introduced and burnt at a high temperature, and the ash is melted into molten slag. It is.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un incinérateur (10) et un incinérateur de gazéification. L'incinérateur comprend des chambres de combustion (11, 12, 13) permettant la fusion de centres et un orifice de décharge de scories (17) permettant la décharge des scories en fusion (20) produites par la fusion des cendres. L'orifice (17) est formé par un matériau réfractaire remplaçable et la partie terminale périphérique de l'orifice (17) est située plus haut côté amont de l'écoulement de gaz que côté aval. L'incinérateur de gazéification comprend un incinérateur de gazéification fluidisé et une première, une deuxième et troisième chambre de combustion (11, 12, 13), un bloc orifice de décharge des scories étant formé sur la partie inférieure de la deuxième chambre de combustion.
PCT/JP2003/004568 2002-04-12 2003-04-10 Incinerateur, incinerateur de gazeification et procede de traitement des dechets WO2003087669A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/485,274 US20040237861A1 (en) 2002-04-12 2003-04-10 Fusion furnace, gasification fusion furnace, and method of processing waste
EP03746447A EP1496310A1 (fr) 2002-04-12 2003-04-10 Incinerateur, incinerateur de gazeification et procede de traitement des dechets
CA002456335A CA2456335A1 (fr) 2002-04-12 2003-04-10 Four de combustion a scorification et de gazeification et systeme de combustion a scorification
JP2003584576A JPWO2003087669A1 (ja) 2002-04-12 2003-04-10 溶融炉，ガス化溶融炉及び廃棄物の処理方法
AU2003236057A AU2003236057A1 (en) 2002-04-12 2003-04-10 Fusion furnace, gasification fusion furnace, and method of processing waste
KR10-2004-7000856A KR20040095194A (ko) 2002-04-12 2003-04-10 용융로, 가스화 용융로 및 폐기물의 처리방법

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JP2002110984 2002-04-12
JP2002-110984 2002-04-12
JP2002-113818 2002-04-16
JP2002113818 2002-04-16

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EP (1) EP1496310A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPWO2003087669A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20040095194A (fr)
AU (1) AU2003236057A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2456335A1 (fr)
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JP2008070040A (ja) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-27 Nikko Kinzoku Kk 産業廃棄物の処理方法及び産業廃棄物の処理設備
JP2009150569A (ja) * 2007-12-19 2009-07-09 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd 溶融炉
JP2011252695A (ja) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-15 Gs Engineering & Construction スラグ溶融酸素バーナー及びこれを用いた溶融炉

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AT412650B (de) * 2003-09-25 2005-05-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren und anlage zum granulieren von schlacke
CN102226528A (zh) * 2011-04-24 2011-10-26 陈金明 生活垃圾热解气化处理成套设备
US9989251B2 (en) 2013-01-21 2018-06-05 Conversion Energy Systems, Inc. System for gasifying waste, method for gasifying waste
JP6369161B2 (ja) * 2013-12-13 2018-08-08 株式会社Ihi タール改質炉
JP6413157B1 (ja) * 2017-04-28 2018-10-31 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 ガス化溶融システムの閉塞防止装置及びガス化溶融システムの閉塞防止方法
KR102302136B1 (ko) 2020-10-29 2021-09-14 주식회사케이.피.씨 가스화 용융로용 출탕장치

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JPH02115611A (ja) * 1988-10-26 1990-04-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd スラグ流下口の閉塞検知方法
JPH09217921A (ja) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-19 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 燃焼溶融炉および廃棄物処理装置
JPH11241817A (ja) * 1998-02-03 1999-09-07 Ebara Corp ガス化溶融システム
JP2000283425A (ja) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-13 Nkk Corp 出滓口
JP2001147009A (ja) * 1999-11-19 2001-05-29 Kobe Steel Ltd 廃棄物溶融炉の出滓方法及び廃棄物溶融炉
JP2002089823A (ja) * 2000-09-14 2002-03-27 Hitachi Zosen Corp 灰溶融炉

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JPH02115611A (ja) * 1988-10-26 1990-04-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd スラグ流下口の閉塞検知方法
JPH09217921A (ja) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-19 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 燃焼溶融炉および廃棄物処理装置
JPH11241817A (ja) * 1998-02-03 1999-09-07 Ebara Corp ガス化溶融システム
JP2000283425A (ja) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-13 Nkk Corp 出滓口
JP2001147009A (ja) * 1999-11-19 2001-05-29 Kobe Steel Ltd 廃棄物溶融炉の出滓方法及び廃棄物溶融炉
JP2002089823A (ja) * 2000-09-14 2002-03-27 Hitachi Zosen Corp 灰溶融炉

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008070040A (ja) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-27 Nikko Kinzoku Kk 産業廃棄物の処理方法及び産業廃棄物の処理設備
JP2009150569A (ja) * 2007-12-19 2009-07-09 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd 溶融炉
JP2011252695A (ja) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-15 Gs Engineering & Construction スラグ溶融酸素バーナー及びこれを用いた溶融炉

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CA2456335A1 (fr) 2003-10-23
JPWO2003087669A1 (ja) 2005-08-18
US20040237861A1 (en) 2004-12-02
EP1496310A1 (fr) 2005-01-12
AU2003236057A1 (en) 2003-10-27
KR20040095194A (ko) 2004-11-12

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