WO2003074746A1 - Copper-niobium alloy and method for the production thereof - Google Patents
Copper-niobium alloy and method for the production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003074746A1 WO2003074746A1 PCT/DE2003/000764 DE0300764W WO03074746A1 WO 2003074746 A1 WO2003074746 A1 WO 2003074746A1 DE 0300764 W DE0300764 W DE 0300764W WO 03074746 A1 WO03074746 A1 WO 03074746A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- niobium
- grinding
- powder
- carried out
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/07—Metallic powder characterised by particles having a nanoscale microstructure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/025—Composite material having copper as the basic material
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of materials technology and relates to copper-niobium alloys, which, for example, can be processed into semi-finished products or moldings for the production of powder-metallurgical products using known shaping processes and a process for their production.
- the abovementioned alloy additives all meet the requirement for the best possible microstructural stability at high stress temperatures.
- a homogeneous distribution of the respective second phase and the particle size distribution in the nanometer range necessary for an efficient increase in strength cannot be achieved using melt metallurgical processes due to the difference in density and melting point.
- the application of the mechanical alloying method overcomes this problem and enables, for example, the production of Ag oxide composite materials with the finest oxide distribution (diameter ⁇ 50 nm) and the highest hardness and strength (BJ Joshi et al, Proceedings Vol. 3, Powder Metallurgy World Congress, Granada / Spain, 1998; JP 07173555 A; DE 199 53 780 C1).
- the grinding progress results from repeated breaking and cold welding of the powder particles.
- the tendency increases that the oxides are only enveloped by the soft matrix, as a result of which there is no further comminution (DE 44 18 600 C2 ).
- the grinding progress is advantageously influenced by a material combination “soft-soft”, that is to say by the choice of a second phase that is best adapted to the elastic properties of the copper (CG. Koch, Nanostructured Materials 2, 1993, 109-129). From the ones listed above, in Alloying elements in question are best suited to niobium (LG Fritzemeier, Nanostructured Materials 1, 1992, 257-262).
- the invention is based on the object of specifying copper-niobium alloys and a process for their production in which a homogeneous metastable Cu mixed crystal is present and a process for its implementation.
- niobium precipitates are also present in a copper matrix in addition to a copper-niobium mixed crystal
- Particle diameters from 5 - 100 nm are available.
- the niobium is partially dissolved in the copper lattice.
- the niobium precipitates are also advantageously in the form of fine particles or fibers.
- the fibers are present with an aspect ratio of more than 4: 1, advantageously greater than 10: 1.
- the copper-niobium alloy according to the invention advantageously has a conductivity of 50 to 80% IACS and / or strengths of 1200 to 2000 MPa.
- copper powder as matrix material and 0.1 to 50 at.% Niobium powder are ground together and mechanically alloyed and then subjected to at least one heat treatment.
- Niobium powder 0.5 to 20 at.% Niobium powder is advantageously added.
- the grinding process is also advantageously carried out at temperatures from -196 ° C. to -10 ° C. It is also advantageous if the cooling of the grinding vessel is carried out during the man and / or between the grinding stages.
- the grinding vessel is cooled with liquid nitrogen or with ethanol.
- the heat treatment is advantageously also carried out simultaneously with a forming process.
- the forming process produces a fibrous structure of the copper-niobium alloy, in which a fiber aspect ratio of more than 4: 1, advantageously greater than 10: 1, is again advantageously set during the forming.
- a deliberate embrittlement of the copper powder is initially brought about. This makes it possible, in contrast to the materials known to be produced by mechanical alloying, to obtain a homogeneous single-phase alloy of copper with niobium. Because the grinding process is advantageously carried out at low temperatures, it is possible to achieve a partial or complete forced solution of the niobium atoms in the copper mixed crystal with a relatively low energy input. The degree of solving the Niobium atoms in the mixed copper crystal depend among other things on the grinding time and oxygen content of the powder used.
- the gas content hardly changes during the grinding process, so that an additional degassing step can be omitted during further processing.
- niobium atoms are dissolved in the copper mixed crystal, fine niobium particles are separated out in the subsequent heat treatment. These niobium deposits contribute significantly to increasing the strength and ensuring a high conductivity of the alloy.
- a grinding bowl charged with steel balls, copper powder and 10 at.% Niobium powder is cooled in liquid nitrogen to a temperature on the cover of the grinding bowl of - 196 ° C.
- the cooled grinding bowl is then coated with polystyrene for insulation against the ambient air.
- the subsequent grinding process is interrupted step by step every 30 minutes in order to then cool the grinding bowl again to - 196 ° C.
- the grinding process is carried out at a rotational speed of 200 rev min "1 and a powder - ball ratio of 1: 14 to 35, the added niobium powder is h completely forcibly dissolved in the copper lattice This can be seen from X-ray and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies in.. 1 and 2.
- the mechanically alloyed powder has a nanocrystalline structure with crystallite sizes of ⁇ 7 nm.
- the powder microhardness reaches 500 HV 0.025.
- the powder obtained is at 500 ° C. in a hot press compacted under vacuum and a pressure of 650 MPa to a relative density of 98-99% to cylindrical shaped bodies with a diameter of 10 mm.
- Molded articles produced in this way have a hardness of 400 HV 2 with an electrical conductivity of 20 MS / m (corresponding to 35% IACS).
- a subsequent heat treatment during which the niobium separates from the copper matrix leads to an increase in the electrical conductivity to 45-50 MS / m (corresponding to 70-80% IACS) with a slight decrease in hardness to 380 HV 2.
- a final cold deformation increases the hardness through the formation of a fiber structure to 550 HV 2 with continued high electrical conductivity.
- Fig. 1a diffraction pattern of the powder Cu-20 at% Nb, 17 h grinding time
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003229267A AU2003229267A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2003-03-03 | Copper-niobium alloy and method for the production thereof |
JP2003573190A JP2005519196A (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2003-03-03 | Copper-niobium alloy and method for producing the same |
EP03724828A EP1483420B1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2003-03-03 | Copper-niobium alloy and method for the production thereof |
KR10-2004-7013675A KR20040101262A (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2003-03-03 | Copper-niobium alloy and method for the production thereof |
DE50307879T DE50307879D1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2003-03-03 | COPPER NIOB ALLOYING AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
US10/933,340 US20050092400A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2004-09-03 | Copper-niobium alloy and method for the production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10210423A DE10210423C1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2002-03-04 | Copper-niobium alloy used in the production of semi-finished materials and molded bodies has niobium deposits in a copper matrix as well as copper-niobium mixed crystals |
DE10210423.9 | 2002-03-04 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/933,340 Continuation US20050092400A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2004-09-03 | Copper-niobium alloy and method for the production thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003074746A1 true WO2003074746A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
Family
ID=7714059
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2003/000764 WO2003074746A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2003-03-03 | Copper-niobium alloy and method for the production thereof |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1483420B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005519196A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20040101262A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1639363A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE369444T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003229267A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10210423C1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2004126615A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003074746A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102136376B (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2013-05-08 | 孔琦琪 | Novel functional contact of low-voltage electrical appliance |
CN104120289A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-29 | 武陟县山河有色金属厂(普通合伙) | Smelting method for cast copper alloy |
CN109321776A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-12 | 北京科技大学 | A method of copper-niobium alloys are manufactured using laser gain material technology |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4619699A (en) * | 1983-08-17 | 1986-10-28 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Composite dispersion strengthened composite metal powders |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63270435A (en) * | 1987-04-28 | 1988-11-08 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | High corrosion resistant amorphous alloy |
DE3714239C2 (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1996-05-15 | Krupp Ag Hoesch Krupp | Process for the production of a material with a structure of nanocrystalline structure |
-
2002
- 2002-03-04 DE DE10210423A patent/DE10210423C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-03-03 AU AU2003229267A patent/AU2003229267A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-03 EP EP03724828A patent/EP1483420B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-03 JP JP2003573190A patent/JP2005519196A/en active Pending
- 2003-03-03 AT AT03724828T patent/ATE369444T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-03 WO PCT/DE2003/000764 patent/WO2003074746A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-03-03 CN CNA038051931A patent/CN1639363A/en active Pending
- 2003-03-03 DE DE50307879T patent/DE50307879D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-03 KR KR10-2004-7013675A patent/KR20040101262A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-03 RU RU2004126615/02A patent/RU2004126615A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4619699A (en) * | 1983-08-17 | 1986-10-28 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Composite dispersion strengthened composite metal powders |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
BENGHALEM A ET AL: "Microstructure and mechanical properties of concentrated copper-niobium alloys prepared by mechanical alloying", MATER SCI ENG A STRUCT MATER PROP MICROSTRUCT PROCESS; MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING A: STRUCTURAL MATERIALS: PROPERTIES, MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING APR 1 1993, vol. A161, no. 2, 1 April 1993 (1993-04-01), pages 255 - 266, XP009013521 * |
SPITZIG W A ET AL: "CHARACTERIZATION OF THE STRENGTH AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF HEAVILY COLD WORKED Cu-Nb COMPOSITES", ACTA METALL OCT 1987, vol. 35, no. 10, October 1987 (1987-10-01), pages 2427 - 2442, XP009014361 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1639363A (en) | 2005-07-13 |
DE50307879D1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
EP1483420B1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
AU2003229267A1 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
DE10210423C1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
KR20040101262A (en) | 2004-12-02 |
ATE369444T1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
JP2005519196A (en) | 2005-06-30 |
RU2004126615A (en) | 2005-05-27 |
EP1483420A1 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
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