WO2003054424A1 - Controllable differential - Google Patents

Controllable differential Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003054424A1
WO2003054424A1 PCT/ES2002/000574 ES0200574W WO03054424A1 WO 2003054424 A1 WO2003054424 A1 WO 2003054424A1 ES 0200574 W ES0200574 W ES 0200574W WO 03054424 A1 WO03054424 A1 WO 03054424A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
satellites
controllable differential
output
half shafts
differential
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2002/000574
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
José Gimenez Vidal
Original Assignee
Rodriguez Castilla, Miguel, Angel
Gimenez Alfonso, Olga, Montserrat
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES200102715A external-priority patent/ES2188421B1/en
Application filed by Rodriguez Castilla, Miguel, Angel, Gimenez Alfonso, Olga, Montserrat filed Critical Rodriguez Castilla, Miguel, Angel
Priority to AU2002363904A priority Critical patent/AU2002363904A1/en
Publication of WO2003054424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003054424A1/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/05Multiple interconnected differential sets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • F16H48/11Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears having intermeshing planet gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/27Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using internally-actuatable fluid pressure, e.g. internal pump types
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/30Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/30Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means
    • F16H48/32Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using externally-actuatable means using fluid pressure actuators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H2048/204Control of arrangements for suppressing differential actions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/26Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using fluid action, e.g. viscous clutches
    • F16H2048/265Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using fluid action, e.g. viscous clutches with a fluid throttling means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2071Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using three freewheel mechanism
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/26Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using fluid action, e.g. viscous clutches

Definitions

  • the present invention is intended to disclose a controllable differential applicable to automotive, which has significant advantages over currently known differentials of the type called self-blocking.
  • the controllable differential object of the present invention will be applicable especially, although not exclusively, to vehicles of the type called 4 4, that is, vehicles with the possibility of permanent or connectable four-wheel drive.
  • vehicles of the type called 4 4 that is, vehicles with the possibility of permanent or connectable four-wheel drive.
  • first, second and third sub-assemblies are arranged in an enclosure or single body.
  • the first of said satellite assemblies is connected to the power input shaft, and the other two are connected to each other by means of an intermediate shaft with tapered sprockets and with intermediate gearwheels are connected with the power output axes being associated one of the sets of second or third satellites with a disc or braking gear, for the regulation of the distribution of torque between both output axes.
  • the second and third satellite assemblies comprise a fixed and the other solidarity, through its box, with the disc or braking crown.
  • both sets of second and third satellites are mobile, their boxes being sympathetic to dentate crowns that engage with a pinion of the controllable axle axis.
  • a feature of the present invention is that all gears have the ability to rotate on their axis.
  • controllable differential object of the present invention has a disc or crown that can be controlled by an adjustable resistant torque, for example, by brake calipers or other system, which allows the torque transmission to be adjusted to the output shafts as desired.
  • the replacement of the fixed satellite assembly in charge of reversing the rotation is foreseen by a gear train or transmission chain system that performs the same function.
  • the system to reverse the rotation could be realized by any other suitable device among those known in the art.
  • the improvements of this variant consist in self-controlling the torque distribution between the two output half shafts with a hydraulic-mechanical system, as well as with this same system obtaining a differential variator controllable speeds.
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a differential made according to the present invention, with a control disk.
  • Figure 2 shows a section of a differential similar to that of Figure 1 in which the control disc has been replaced by a brake control axis.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment similar to Figure 2 but with a different arrangement of power input shaft and half output shafts.
  • Figure 4 shows a version similar to Figure 3 in which the control axis has been replaced by a disk.
  • Figure 5 shows a version similar to Figure 4 with regulation of the torque distribution by means of a brake control axis.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show two versions based on a normal differential and two satellite boxes geared with the output half shafts, with regulation respectively by means of a disk and by means of a controllable axis.
  • Figure 8 illustrates improvements presented on the execution of Figure 6, according to which the third set of fixed satellites in charge of the turn inversion has been replaced by a gear train with intermediate wheel that performs the same function.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the refinements of Figure 8, in which the third set of fixed satellites in charge of the turn inversion has been replaced by a chain drive system that performs the same function.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show in section the improvements of this invention referred to Figure 8 having added to the differential control system, a hydraulic-mechanical system of pistons that can perform the function of self-control of the differential.
  • Figures 12 and 13 show in section an embodiment similar to Figures 10 and 11 to use the mechanism as a variable speed controllable variator, controlled continuously by the controlled circulation of the hydraulic-mechanical system liquid.
  • Figures 14 and 15 show in section a simplified version of the controllable differential speed variator, also controlled in a continuous progressive manner by the controlled circulation of the liquid of the hydraulic-mechanical system.
  • the differential object of the present invention comprises a single outer shell -1-, with a power input shaft -2- and three sets of satellites indicated respectively with the numerals -3-, -4- and -5-.
  • the differential distributes the driving torque between two output shafts -6- and -7- perpendicular to the power input axis -2-.
  • the first and second sets of satellites -3- and -4- are rotatable with their boxes respectively, while the third set of satellites -5- is fixed.
  • the first set of satellites -3- is driven directly by the power input axis -2- and is connected to the third set of satellites -5- by means of a forwarding axis -8-, which has at its ends the conical pinions -9- and -10- meshed with the respective satellite assemblies.
  • the drive output to one of the output half-shafts is made through the forwarding axis -8- and a crown -11- that meshes with the crown -12- integral with the half-axis -7-.
  • the second power output half shaft -6- is driven by the corresponding toothed crown -13- engaged with the crown -14- integral with a hollow shaft -15- that partially surrounds the forwarding shaft -8- and that through the pinions Conical ends -16- and -17- are connected respectively with the first and second sets of satellites indicated by numerals -3- and -4-.
  • a second hollow shaft -18- also partially wraps the forwarding shaft -8- and features conical pinions -19- and -20- that engage with the satellites of the second and third satellite assemblies, that is, those indicated with the numerals -4- and -5-.
  • the control disk -21- is mounted, with the ability to rotate on a radial and axial bearing -44-, said disk -21- being integral with the box -45- of the second set of satellites.
  • a braking action can be exerted on the disc -21-, for example, by means of a system of drive calipers on the disc that have not been shown. As is evident, the system of braking could be performed by any suitable device among those known in the art, such as friction shoes, friction pads, magnetic systems, etc.
  • the braking effect on the control disc -21- allows the distribution of the driving torque in a controlled manner at will between the two output axles -6- and -7-.
  • the braking effect could also be achieved by an external axis as shown schematically with the numeral -22- in figure 2.
  • Said axis -22- with its pinion -22 "- is connected to the crown -22'- which is integral with the body -71- of the second set of satellites -4-, being rotatable on the hollow shaft -18- through the corresponding bearing or bearings.
  • FIG 3 a variant of the differential object of the present invention is shown in which the single enclosure or differential case is indicated with the numeral -23-, the power input axis -24- being transverse to the axis of forwarding -25-, establishing the connection with one of the output half shafts -26-, in a concept similar to the example of figure 1, through said forwarding axis -25- and a system of straight toothed crowns -27- and -28-, while the second output shaft -29- is driven by a set of straight sprockets -30- and -31-, the first of a hollow shaft -32- being connected by its end sprockets with the satellite assemblies -33- and -34-.
  • a conical crown -36- is mounted with turning capacity when mounted on a radial and axial bearing -46-, being integral with the case -47- of the second satellite set.
  • the crown -36- meshes with the pinion -37- which is integral with the brake control axis -38-.
  • FIG. 4 corresponds to a structure similar to that of Figure 3, with the input shaft -39- perpendicular to the forwarding shaft -40- and with the output half shafts -41- and -42- parallel to said forwarding axis.
  • the only variant with respect to the embodiment of Figure 3 consists of the arrangement of a control disk -43- which, similar to the version of Figure 1, will require some type of adjustable braking.
  • FIG. 5 A version similar to Figure 3 is shown in figure 5, with torque adjustment axis distributed to the output shafts -41- and -42-.
  • the third satellite box is mobile.
  • there is a braking shaft -48- that is engaged with the toothed crowns -49- and -50-, which are in solidarity respectively with the third and second satellite boxes indicated with the numbers -52- and -51- respectively.
  • the relative movement between the second and third set of satellites remains the same as in Figure 3.
  • said half-shafts -57- and -58- have two toothed crowns -59- and -60- which, through other respective toothed crowns -61- and -62- are engaged in the two sets of satellites -63- and -64- interconnected by the intermediate shaft -65- bearing two conical pinions at its ends.
  • the box -66- of the set of satellites -63- is integral with a control disc -67- braking at will to regulate the distribution of the torque to the semi-axles.
  • Figure 7 shows a version similar to that of figure 6 in which the only difference is that the disk -67- of the version represented in figure 6 is replaced by a toothed crown -68- which is integral of the satellite box -66- of the second set of satellites -63-, engaging with a conical pinion -69- of a shaft -70- that is braking to get the torque distribution to the output half shafts -57- and - 58-.
  • the variant of figures 8 and 9 comprises a single external enclosure -121-, with an input shaft -101- that meshes through its conical pinion -102- with the crown -103- integral to the satellite box -104- , through which the output shafts -105- and -106- are driven, this part corresponding to that of a conventional differential.
  • said half-shafts -105- and -106- have two gears -107- and -108-.
  • the gear -107- meshes with the gear -109- which is integral with the input half-shaft -110- which has at its end the conical pinion -111- that connects with the second set of satellites -114-.
  • the Conical pinion -111- connects with satellites -112- and -113- of the box -115- of the satellite assembly -114- which is integral with a control disk -116- braking at will to regulate the torque distribution between the output half shafts -105- and -106-.
  • the satellites -112- and -113- at the same time connect with the conical pinion -117-, which is integral with the input shaft -118-.
  • This input shaft -118- is integral with the gear -119- that meshes directly with the intermediate gear -120-, which is connected to the gear -108- of the half-shaft -106-.
  • the braking system could be realized by any suitable device among those known in the art, such as friction shoes, friction pads, magnetic systems, etc.
  • Figure 9 shows a version similar to Figure 8, in which the only difference is that the intermediate gear -120- is eliminated and a serrated endless chain -120'- is incorporated, which meshes the gear -108 ' - solidarity of the output shaft -106- and with the gear -119'- solidarity of the input shaft -118-, forming a chain drive system.
  • a single outer shell -221- is provided, with an input shaft -201- that meshes through its conical pinion -202- with the crown -203- integral with the satellite box -204-, through which the output half shafts -205- and -206- are driven.
  • said semi-shafts -205- and -206- have two gears -207- and -208-.
  • the gear -207- meshes with the gear -209- which is integral with the input half-shaft -210- which has at its end the conical pinion -211- which connects with the second set of satellites -214-.
  • the conical pinion -211- connects with the satellites -212- and —213- of the box -215- of the set of satellites -214- which is integral with a conical gear -222-, controllable through the hydraulic-mechanical system - 238- which we will explain later.
  • the satellites -212- and -213- simultaneously connect with the conical pinion -217-, which is integral with the semi-axis of -218-.
  • This axle shaft -218- is integral with the gear -219- that meshes directly with the intermediate gear -220-, which is connected to the gear -208- of the half shaft -206-.
  • the hydraulic-mechanical system -238- is connected to the conical control gear -222- by the conical pinion -223- of the control shaft -224- which at its end has the cam -225- integrated, all this of the hydraulic system- mechanical -238-.
  • the control shaft -224- is mounted on bearings incorporated in the body of the hydraulic group.
  • the cam -225- receives at the opposite points of its periphery the continuous contact of the contact rollers -228- and -229- of the pistons -226- and -227- by the elastic action of the springs -230- and -231 -.
  • Each of the cylinders -234- and -235- incorporates its corresponding valve -232- and -233- of hydraulic fluid intake which cut the intake during the compression cycle. Also, each cylinder incorporates a calibrated valve or bore of discharge -236- and -237- which limits the passage of liquid and therefore the travel speed of the pistons -226- and -227- during compression.
  • the intake valves -232-, -233- and discharge valves -236- and -237- of each of the cylinders -234- and -235-, are connected by ducts to a common hydraulic fluid supply tank (not shown).
  • a common hydraulic fluid supply tank not shown
  • control system also allows obtaining a variable speed drive controlled by the hydraulic-mechanical system. It is evident that the control system could be similarly realized by any device among those known in the art such as brake shoes, clutches, hydraulic systems, etc.
  • FIGS 14 and 15 a simplified version of that of figures 12 and 13 is shown, comprising a single casing body -221'-, with an axis of power input -201'- that meshes through its tapered pinion -202'- with the crown -203'- integral with the satellite box -204'-, through which the power output shaft -206 is driven '- and the control shaft -205'- which is integral with cam -225- of the hydraulic-mechanical system -238- already explained previously in Figures 10 and 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a controllable differential. The inventive differential comprises a single body which contains first, second and third satellite assemblies. The first of said assemblies is connected to the power input shaft. The second and third assemblies thereof are interconnected by means of a countershaft with bevel gears and are connected to the power output shafts by means of each gear wheel. In this way, one of said second or third satellite assemblies is associated with a disk or gear which can be braked in order for the power split between both output shafts to be adjusted.

Description

DIFERENCIAL CONTROLABLE CONTROLLABLE DIFFERENTIAL
MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVADESCRIPTIVE MEMORY
La presente invención está destinada a dar a conocer un diferencial controlable aplicable a automoción, que presenta notables ventajas sobre los diferenciales actualmente conocidos del tipo llamado autoblocante.The present invention is intended to disclose a controllable differential applicable to automotive, which has significant advantages over currently known differentials of the type called self-blocking.
El diferencial controlable objeto de la presente invención será aplicable en especial, si bien no exclusivamente, a vehículos del tipo llamado 4 4, es decir, vehículos con posibilidad de tracción a las cuatro ruedas de modo permanente o conectable. En dj cho tipo de vehículos es conveniente disponer un diferencial que permita variar el par motriz transmitido a las ruedas, prescindiendo de las características clásicas de un diferencial normal en el que no es posible efectuar un reparto de par regulable a ambas ruedas .The controllable differential object of the present invention will be applicable especially, although not exclusively, to vehicles of the type called 4 4, that is, vehicles with the possibility of permanent or connectable four-wheel drive. In said type of vehicles it is convenient to have a differential that allows varying the driving torque transmitted to the wheels, regardless of the classic characteristics of a normal differential in which it is not possible to make a distribution of adjustable torque to both wheels.
En el diferencial controlable objeto de la presente invención se disponen en una caja envolvente o cuerpo único tres conjuntos de satélites, indicados como subconjuntos primero, segundo y tercero. El primero de dichos conjuntos de satélites está conectado al eje de entrada de potencia, y los otros dos están conectados entre sí mediante un eje intermedio con piñones cónicos y con intermedio de sendas ruedas dentadas están conectados con los ejes de salida de potencia quedando asociado uno de los conjuntos de satélites segundo o tercero con un disco o engranaje frenable, para la regulación del reparto de par entre ambos ejes de salida.In the controllable differential object of the present invention, three sets of satellites, indicated as first, second and third sub-assemblies, are arranged in an enclosure or single body. The first of said satellite assemblies is connected to the power input shaft, and the other two are connected to each other by means of an intermediate shaft with tapered sprockets and with intermediate gearwheels are connected with the power output axes being associated one of the sets of second or third satellites with a disc or braking gear, for the regulation of the distribution of torque between both output axes.
En una versión de la invención, los conjuntos de satélites segundo y tercero comprenden un conjunto fijo y el otro solidario, a través de su caja, con el disco o corona frenable.In a version of the invention, the second and third satellite assemblies comprise a fixed and the other solidarity, through its box, with the disc or braking crown.
En otra versión de la invención, ambos conjuntos de satélites segundo y tercero son móviles, siendo solidarias sus cajas a sendas coronas dentadas que engranan con un piñón del eje de regulación frenable. Una característica de la presente invención es de que la totalidad de los engranajes tienen capacidad de giro sobre su eje.In another version of the invention, both sets of second and third satellites are mobile, their boxes being sympathetic to dentate crowns that engage with a pinion of the controllable axle axis. A feature of the present invention is that all gears have the ability to rotate on their axis.
Tal como se ha indicado, el diferencial controlable objeto de la presente invención presenta un disco o corona que puede ser controlado mediante un par resistente ajustable, por ejemplo, mediante pinzas de frenado u otro sistema, lo que permite ajusfar la transmisión de par a los ejes de salida de la forma deseada.As indicated, the controllable differential object of the present invention has a disc or crown that can be controlled by an adjustable resistant torque, for example, by brake calipers or other system, which allows the torque transmission to be adjusted to the output shafts as desired.
En una variante de la presente invención se prevé la sustitución del conjunto de satélites fijo encargado de invertir el giro, por un tren de engranajes o sistema de cadena de transmisión que realizan la misma función. Como es evidente, el sistema para invertir el giro podría quedar realizado mediante cualquier otro dispositivo idóneo entre los conocidos en la técnica.In a variant of the present invention, the replacement of the fixed satellite assembly in charge of reversing the rotation is foreseen by a gear train or transmission chain system that performs the same function. As is evident, the system to reverse the rotation could be realized by any other suitable device among those known in the art.
En otra variante se prevé la incorporación en el mecanismo de dicha patente de un sistema hidráulico- mecánico que transforma el diferencial controlable en autocontrolable .In another variant, the incorporation into the mechanism of said patent of a hydraulic-mechanical system that converts the controllable differential into self-control is foreseen.
Las mejoras de esta variante consisten en autocontrolar el reparto de par entre los dos semiejes de salida con un sistema hidráulico-mecánico, así como con este mismo sistema obtener un variador diferencial controlable de velocidades .The improvements of this variant consist in self-controlling the torque distribution between the two output half shafts with a hydraulic-mechanical system, as well as with this same system obtaining a differential variator controllable speeds.
Para su mejor comprensión se adjuntan, a título de ejemplo explicativo pero no limitativo, unos dibujos representativos de ejecuciones preferentes de la presente invención.For better understanding, representative drawings of preferred embodiments of the present invention are attached by way of explanatory but not limitative example.
La figura 1 muestra una sección longitudinal de un diferencial realizado según la presente invención, con un disco de control.Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a differential made according to the present invention, with a control disk.
La figura 2 muestra una sección de un diferencial similar al de la figura 1 en el que se ha substituido el disco de control por un eje de control frenable .Figure 2 shows a section of a differential similar to that of Figure 1 in which the control disc has been replaced by a brake control axis.
La figura 3 muestra una realización similar a la figura 2 pero con una disposición distinta de eje de entrada de potencia y semi-ejes de salida.Figure 3 shows an embodiment similar to Figure 2 but with a different arrangement of power input shaft and half output shafts.
La figura 4 muestra una versión similar a la figura 3 en la que el eje de control se ha substituido por un disco.Figure 4 shows a version similar to Figure 3 in which the control axis has been replaced by a disk.
La figura 5 muestra una versión similar a la figura 4 con regulación de la distribución de par mediante un eje de control frenable.Figure 5 shows a version similar to Figure 4 with regulation of the torque distribution by means of a brake control axis.
Las figuras 6 y 7 muestran sendas versiones basadas en un diferencial normal y dos cajas de satélites engranadas con los semiejes de salida, con regulación respectivamente mediante disco y mediante eje de control frenable.Figures 6 and 7 show two versions based on a normal differential and two satellite boxes geared with the output half shafts, with regulation respectively by means of a disk and by means of a controllable axis.
La figura 8 ilustra perfeccionamientos presentados sobre la ejecución de la figura 6, según los cuales se ha sustituido el tercer conjunto de satélites fijo encargado de la inversión de giro, por un tren de engranajes con rueda intermedia que realiza la misma función.Figure 8 illustrates improvements presented on the execution of Figure 6, according to which the third set of fixed satellites in charge of the turn inversion has been replaced by a gear train with intermediate wheel that performs the same function.
La figura 9 ilustra los perfeccionamientos de la figura 8, en los que se ha sustituido el tercer conjunto de satélites fijo encargado de la inversión de giro, por un sistema de cadena de transmisión que realiza la misma función.Figure 9 illustrates the refinements of Figure 8, in which the third set of fixed satellites in charge of the turn inversion has been replaced by a chain drive system that performs the same function.
Las figuras 10 y 11 muestran en sección las mejoras de esta invención referidas a la figura 8 habiendo agregado al sistema de control del diferencial, un sistema hidráulico-mecánico de émbolos que pueden realizar la función de autocontrol del diferencial.Figures 10 and 11 show in section the improvements of this invention referred to Figure 8 having added to the differential control system, a hydraulic-mechanical system of pistons that can perform the function of self-control of the differential.
Las figuras 12 y 13 muestran en sección una realización similar a las figuras 10 y 11 para utilizar el mecanismo como variador diferencial controlable de velocidades, controladas de forma continua progresiva por la circulación controlada del líquido del sistema hidráulico-mecánico .Figures 12 and 13 show in section an embodiment similar to Figures 10 and 11 to use the mechanism as a variable speed controllable variator, controlled continuously by the controlled circulation of the hydraulic-mechanical system liquid.
Las figuras 14 y 15 muestran en sección una versión simplificada del variador diferencial controlable de velocidades, igualmente controladas de forma continua progresiva por la circulación controlada del líquido del sistema hidráulico-mecánico.Figures 14 and 15 show in section a simplified version of the controllable differential speed variator, also controlled in a continuous progressive manner by the controlled circulation of the liquid of the hydraulic-mechanical system.
Tal como se representa en la figura 1 , el diferencial objeto de la presente invención comprende un cuerpo envolvente único externo -1-, con un eje de entrada de potencia -2- y tres conjuntos de satélites indicados respectivamente con los numerales -3-, -4- y -5-. El diferencial distribuye el par motriz entre dos semiejes de salida -6- y -7- en disposición perpendicular al eje de entrada de potencia -2-. El primer y segundo conjuntos de satélites -3- y -4- son giratorios con sus cajas respectivas, mientras que el tercer conjunto de satélites -5- es fijo.As shown in Figure 1, the differential object of the present invention comprises a single outer shell -1-, with a power input shaft -2- and three sets of satellites indicated respectively with the numerals -3-, -4- and -5-. The differential distributes the driving torque between two output shafts -6- and -7- perpendicular to the power input axis -2-. The first and second sets of satellites -3- and -4- are rotatable with their boxes respectively, while the third set of satellites -5- is fixed.
El primer conjunto de satélites -3- resulta accionado directamente por el eje de entrada de potencia -2- y está conectado con el tercer conjunto de satélites -5- mediante un eje de reenvío -8-, que presenta en sus extremos los piñones cónicos -9- y -10- engranados con los respectivos conjuntos de satélites. La salida de impulsión hacia uno de los semiejes de salida se realiza con intermedio del eje de reenvío -8- y una corona -11- que engrana con la corona -12- solidaria del semieje -7-.The first set of satellites -3- is driven directly by the power input axis -2- and is connected to the third set of satellites -5- by means of a forwarding axis -8-, which has at its ends the conical pinions -9- and -10- meshed with the respective satellite assemblies. The drive output to one of the output half-shafts is made through the forwarding axis -8- and a crown -11- that meshes with the crown -12- integral with the half-axis -7-.
El segundo semieje de salida de potencia -6- es impulsado mediante la correspondiente corona dentada -13- engranada con la corona -14- solidaria de un eje hueco -15- que rodea parcialmente al eje de reenvío -8- y que mediante los piñones cónicos extremos -16- y -17- está conectado respectivamente con el primer y segundo conjuntos de satélites que se han señalado con los numerales -3- y -4-.The second power output half shaft -6- is driven by the corresponding toothed crown -13- engaged with the crown -14- integral with a hollow shaft -15- that partially surrounds the forwarding shaft -8- and that through the pinions Conical ends -16- and -17- are connected respectively with the first and second sets of satellites indicated by numerals -3- and -4-.
Un segundo eje hueco -18- envuelve asimismo parcialmente el eje de reenvío -8- y presenta piñones cónicos -19- y -20- que engranan con los satélites de los conjuntos de satélites segundo y tercero, es decir, los indicados con los numerales -4- y -5-. Sobre dicho eje hueco -18- queda montado el disco de control -21-, con capacidad de giro sobre un cojinete radial y axial -44-, siendo solidario dicho disco -21- de la caja -45- del segundo conjunto de satélites. Sobre el disco -21- se puede ejercer una acción de frenado, por ejemplo, mediante un sistema de pinzas de accionamiento sobre el disco que no se han mostrado. Como es evidente, el sistema de frenado podría quedar realizado mediante cualquier dispositivo idóneo entre los conocidos en la técnica, tal como pueden ser zapatas de rozamiento, pastillas de rozamiento, sistemas magnéticos, etc.A second hollow shaft -18- also partially wraps the forwarding shaft -8- and features conical pinions -19- and -20- that engage with the satellites of the second and third satellite assemblies, that is, those indicated with the numerals -4- and -5-. On said hollow shaft -18- the control disk -21- is mounted, with the ability to rotate on a radial and axial bearing -44-, said disk -21- being integral with the box -45- of the second set of satellites. A braking action can be exerted on the disc -21-, for example, by means of a system of drive calipers on the disc that have not been shown. As is evident, the system of braking could be performed by any suitable device among those known in the art, such as friction shoes, friction pads, magnetic systems, etc.
El efecto de frenado sobre el disco de control -21- permite el reparto del par motriz de forma controlada a voluntad entre los dos semiejes de salida -6- y -7-.The braking effect on the control disc -21- allows the distribution of the driving torque in a controlled manner at will between the two output axles -6- and -7-.
El efecto de frenado podría ser conseguido igualmente por un eje externo tal como se ha mostrado esquemáticamente con el numeral -22- en la figura 2. Dicho eje -22- con su piñón -22"- está conectado con la corona -22'- que es solidaria del cuerpo -71- del segundo conjunto de satélites -4-, siendo giratoria sobre el eje hueco -18- con intermedio del correspondiente cojinete o cojinetes .The braking effect could also be achieved by an external axis as shown schematically with the numeral -22- in figure 2. Said axis -22- with its pinion -22 "- is connected to the crown -22'- which is integral with the body -71- of the second set of satellites -4-, being rotatable on the hollow shaft -18- through the corresponding bearing or bearings.
En la figura 3 se ha mostrado una variante del diferencial objeto de la presente invención en la que el cuerpo envolvente único o caja del diferencial queda indicado con el numeral -23-, siendo el eje de entrada de potencia -24- transversal al eje de reenvío -25-, estableciéndose la conexión con uno de los semiejes de salida -26-, de manera conceptualmente similar al ejemplo de la figura 1 , a través de dicho eje de reenvío -25- y un sistema de coronas dentadas rectas -27- y -28-, mientras que el segundo eje de salida -29- es accionado mediante un conjunto de ruedas dentadas rectas -30- y -31-, siendo solidaria la primera de un eje hueco -32- conectado por sus piñones extremos con los conjuntos de satélites -33- y -34-. Una corona cónica -36- queda montada con capacidad de giro al quedar montada sobre un cojinete radial y axial -46-, siendo solidaria de la caja -47- del segundo conjunto de satélites. La corona -36- engrana con el piñón -37- que es solidario del eje de control frenable -38-.In Figure 3 a variant of the differential object of the present invention is shown in which the single enclosure or differential case is indicated with the numeral -23-, the power input axis -24- being transverse to the axis of forwarding -25-, establishing the connection with one of the output half shafts -26-, in a concept similar to the example of figure 1, through said forwarding axis -25- and a system of straight toothed crowns -27- and -28-, while the second output shaft -29- is driven by a set of straight sprockets -30- and -31-, the first of a hollow shaft -32- being connected by its end sprockets with the satellite assemblies -33- and -34-. A conical crown -36- is mounted with turning capacity when mounted on a radial and axial bearing -46-, being integral with the case -47- of the second satellite set. The crown -36- meshes with the pinion -37- which is integral with the brake control axis -38-.
La versión mostrada en la figura 4 corresponde a una estructura similar a la de la figura 3, con el eje de entrada -39- perpendicular al eje de reenvío -40- y con los semiejes de salida -41- y -42- paralelos a dicho eje de reenvío. La única variante con respecto a la realización de la figura 3 consiste en la disposición de un disco de control -43- que, de manera similar a la versión de la figura 1 , requerirá algún tipo de frenado graduable.The version shown in Figure 4 corresponds to a structure similar to that of Figure 3, with the input shaft -39- perpendicular to the forwarding shaft -40- and with the output half shafts -41- and -42- parallel to said forwarding axis. The only variant with respect to the embodiment of Figure 3 consists of the arrangement of a control disk -43- which, similar to the version of Figure 1, will require some type of adjustable braking.
En la figura 5 se ha representado una versión similar a la figura 3, con eje de regulación del par distribuido a los ejes de salida -41- y -42-. La única diferencia significativa con respecto a la versión de la figura 3 consiste en que la tercera caja de satélites es móvil. Se dispone en este caso de un eje frenable -48- que está engranado con las coronas dentadas -49- y -50-, que son solidarias respectivamente de las cajas de satélites tercera y segunda indicadas con los numerales -52- y -51-, respectivamente. En este caso el movimiento relativo entre el segundo y tercer conjunto de satélites sigue siendo el mismo que el de la figura 3.A version similar to Figure 3 is shown in figure 5, with torque adjustment axis distributed to the output shafts -41- and -42-. The only significant difference with respect to the version of Figure 3 is that the third satellite box is mobile. In this case, there is a braking shaft -48- that is engaged with the toothed crowns -49- and -50-, which are in solidarity respectively with the third and second satellite boxes indicated with the numbers -52- and -51- respectively. In this case the relative movement between the second and third set of satellites remains the same as in Figure 3.
En las figuras 6 y 7 se han representado sendas versiones que parten de un diferencial convencional en el que los semiejes de salida están engranados con dos conjuntos de satélites, sobre uno de los cuales se puede actuar con frenado selectivo. En dichas versiones, el eje de entrada -53- engrana mediante su piñón cónico -54- con la corona -55- solidaria de la caja de satélites -56-, a través de la cual se impulsan los ejes de salida -57- y -58-, correspondiendo esta parte a un diferencial convencional. En la versión de la invención, dichos semiejes -57- y -58- presentan sendas coronas dentadas -59- y -60- que, con intermedio de otras coronas dentadas respectivas -61- y -62- quedan engranados a los dos conjuntos de satélites -63- y -64- interconectados por el eje intermedio -65- portador de sendos piñones cónicos en sus extremos. La caja -66- del conjunto de satélites -63- es solidaria de un disco de control -67- frenable a voluntad para regular el reparto del par a los semiejes.In figures 6 and 7, two versions are shown that start from a conventional differential in which the output half shafts are engaged with two sets of satellites, on which one can act with selective braking. In these versions, the input shaft -53- meshes by means of its conical pinion -54- with the crown -55- integral with the satellite box -56-, through which the output shafts -57- and -58-, this part corresponding to a conventional differential. In the version of the invention, said half-shafts -57- and -58- have two toothed crowns -59- and -60- which, through other respective toothed crowns -61- and -62- are engaged in the two sets of satellites -63- and -64- interconnected by the intermediate shaft -65- bearing two conical pinions at its ends. The box -66- of the set of satellites -63- is integral with a control disc -67- braking at will to regulate the distribution of the torque to the semi-axles.
En la figura 7 se ha representado una versión similar a la de la figura 6 en la que la única diferencia consiste en que el disco -67- de la versión representada en la figura 6 queda substituido por una corona dentada -68- que es solidaria de la caja de satélites -66- del segundo conjunto de satélites -63-, engranando con un piñón cónico -69- de un eje -70- que es frenable para conseguir el reparto del par a los semiejes de salida -57- y -58-.Figure 7 shows a version similar to that of figure 6 in which the only difference is that the disk -67- of the version represented in figure 6 is replaced by a toothed crown -68- which is integral of the satellite box -66- of the second set of satellites -63-, engaging with a conical pinion -69- of a shaft -70- that is braking to get the torque distribution to the output half shafts -57- and - 58-.
La variante de las figuras 8 y 9 comprende un cuerpo envolvente único externo -121-, con un eje de entrada -101- que engrana mediante su piñón cónico -102- con la corona -103- solidaria de la caja de satélites -104-, a través de la cual se impulsan los semiejes de salida -105- y -106-, correspondiendo esta parte a la de un diferencial convencional. En la versión de la invención, dichos semiejes -105- y -106- presentan sendos engranajes -107- y -108-. El engranaje -107- engrana con el engranaje -109- que es solidario del semieje de entrada -110- el cual tiene en su extremo el piñón cónico -111- que conecta con el segundo conjunto de satélites -114-. El piñón cónico -111- conecta con los satélites -112- y —113— de la caja -115- del conjunto de satélites -114- que es solidaria de un disco de control -116- frenable a voluntad para regular el reparto de par entre los semiejes de salida -105- y -106- . Los satélites -112- y -113- a la vez conectan con el piñón cónico -117-, que es solidario del semieje de entrada -118-. Este semieje de entrada -118- es solidario del engranaje -119- que engrana directamente con el engranaje intermedio -120-, que a la vez está conectado con el engranaje -108- del semieje -106- . Como es evidente, el sistema de frenado podría quedar realizado mediante cualquier dispositivo idóneo entre los conocidos en la técnica, tal como pueden ser zapatas de rozamiento, pastillas de rozamiento, sistemas magnéticos, etc..The variant of figures 8 and 9 comprises a single external enclosure -121-, with an input shaft -101- that meshes through its conical pinion -102- with the crown -103- integral to the satellite box -104- , through which the output shafts -105- and -106- are driven, this part corresponding to that of a conventional differential. In the version of the invention, said half-shafts -105- and -106- have two gears -107- and -108-. The gear -107- meshes with the gear -109- which is integral with the input half-shaft -110- which has at its end the conical pinion -111- that connects with the second set of satellites -114-. The Conical pinion -111- connects with satellites -112- and -113- of the box -115- of the satellite assembly -114- which is integral with a control disk -116- braking at will to regulate the torque distribution between the output half shafts -105- and -106-. The satellites -112- and -113- at the same time connect with the conical pinion -117-, which is integral with the input shaft -118-. This input shaft -118- is integral with the gear -119- that meshes directly with the intermediate gear -120-, which is connected to the gear -108- of the half-shaft -106-. As is evident, the braking system could be realized by any suitable device among those known in the art, such as friction shoes, friction pads, magnetic systems, etc.
En la figura 9 se ha representado una versión similar a la figura 8, en la que la única diferencia es que se elimina el engranaje intermedio -120- y se incorpora una cadena sinfín dentada -120'-, que engrana el engranaje -108'- solidario del semieje de salida -106- y con el engranaje -119'- solidario del semieje de entrada -118-, formando un sistema de transmisión por cadena.Figure 9 shows a version similar to Figure 8, in which the only difference is that the intermediate gear -120- is eliminated and a serrated endless chain -120'- is incorporated, which meshes the gear -108 ' - solidarity of the output shaft -106- and with the gear -119'- solidarity of the input shaft -118-, forming a chain drive system.
En la variante que se representa en las figuras 10 y 11, se prevé un cuerpo envolvente único externo -221-, con un eje de entrada -201- que engrana mediante su piñón cónico -202- con la corona -203- solidaria de la caja de satélites -204-, a través de la cuál se impulsan los semiejes de salida -205- y -206- . En la versión de la invención, dichos semiejes -205- y -206- presentan sendos engranajes -207- y -208- . El engranaje -207- engrana con el engranaje -209- que es solidario del semieje de entrada -210- el cual tiene en su extremo el piñón cónico -211- que conecta con el segundo conjunto de satélites -214-. El piñón cónico -211- conecta con los satélites -212- y —213- de la caja -215- del conjunto de satélites -214- que es solidaria de un engranaje cónico -222- , controlable a través del sistema hidráulico-mecánico -238- que explicaremos mas adelante. Los satélites -212- y -213- a la vez conectan con el piñón cónico -217-, que es solidario del semieje de -218-. Este semieje -218- es solidario del engranaje -219- que engrana directamente con el engranaje intermedio -220-, que a la vez está conectado con el engranaje -208- del semieje -206- . El sistema hidráulico-mecánico -238- se conecta al engranaje cónico de control -222- mediante el piñón cónico -223- del eje de control -224- que en su extremo lleva integrada la leva -225-, todo esto del sistema hidráulico-mecánico -238-.In the variant shown in Figures 10 and 11, a single outer shell -221- is provided, with an input shaft -201- that meshes through its conical pinion -202- with the crown -203- integral with the satellite box -204-, through which the output half shafts -205- and -206- are driven. In the version of the invention, said semi-shafts -205- and -206- have two gears -207- and -208-. The gear -207- meshes with the gear -209- which is integral with the input half-shaft -210- which has at its end the conical pinion -211- which connects with the second set of satellites -214-. The conical pinion -211- connects with the satellites -212- and —213- of the box -215- of the set of satellites -214- which is integral with a conical gear -222-, controllable through the hydraulic-mechanical system - 238- which we will explain later. The satellites -212- and -213- simultaneously connect with the conical pinion -217-, which is integral with the semi-axis of -218-. This axle shaft -218- is integral with the gear -219- that meshes directly with the intermediate gear -220-, which is connected to the gear -208- of the half shaft -206-. The hydraulic-mechanical system -238- is connected to the conical control gear -222- by the conical pinion -223- of the control shaft -224- which at its end has the cam -225- integrated, all this of the hydraulic system- mechanical -238-.
El eje de control -224- va montado sobre cojinetes incorporados en el cuerpo del grupo hidráulico.The control shaft -224- is mounted on bearings incorporated in the body of the hydraulic group.
La leva -225- recibe en puntos opuestos de su periferia el contacto continuo de los rodillos de contacto -228- y -229- de los émbolos -226- y -227- por la acción elástica de los muelles -230- y -231 -.The cam -225- receives at the opposite points of its periphery the continuous contact of the contact rollers -228- and -229- of the pistons -226- and -227- by the elastic action of the springs -230- and -231 -.
Es evidente, por lo expuesto, que cualquier giro que perciba el eje de control -224- portador de la leva -225-, producirá desplazamientos longitudinales y en la misma dirección de los émbolos -226- y -227- en sus correspondientes cilindros -234- y -235-.It is evident, from the above, that any rotation that perceives the control axis -224- carrier of the cam -225-, will produce longitudinal displacements and in the same direction of the pistons -226- and -227- in their corresponding cylinders - 234- and -235-.
Cada uno de los cilindros -234- y -235-, incorpora su correspondiente válvula -232- y -233- de admisión del fluido hidráulico las cuales cortan la admisión durante el ciclo de compresión. También, cada cilindro incorpora una válvula o taladro calibrado de descarga -236- y -237- que limita el paso de líquido y por lo tanto la velocidad de desplazamiento de los émbolos -226- y -227- durante la compresión.Each of the cylinders -234- and -235-, incorporates its corresponding valve -232- and -233- of hydraulic fluid intake which cut the intake during the compression cycle. Also, each cylinder incorporates a calibrated valve or bore of discharge -236- and -237- which limits the passage of liquid and therefore the travel speed of the pistons -226- and -227- during compression.
Las válvulas de admisión -232-, -233- y de descarga -236- y -237- de cada uno de los cilindros -234- y -235-, están conectadas por medio de conductos a un deposito común de abastecimiento de fluido hidráulico (no representado) . Como es evidente, este sistema podría quedar realizado mediante cualquier dispositivo idóneo entre los conocidos en la técnica.The intake valves -232-, -233- and discharge valves -236- and -237- of each of the cylinders -234- and -235-, are connected by ducts to a common hydraulic fluid supply tank (not shown). As is evident, this system could be realized by any suitable device among those known in the art.
Es evidente, que el efecto de frenado del sistema hidráulico-mecánico -238- permite el reparto de par motriz de forma controlada y podría quedar realizado mediante cualquier dispositivo idóneo entre los conocidos en la técnica, tales como sistemas de biela-manivela, etc..It is evident that the braking effect of the hydraulic-mechanical system -238- allows the distribution of the driving torque in a controlled manner and could be carried out by any suitable device among those known in the art, such as crank-crank systems, etc. .
En las figuras 12 y 13, se ha representado una versión similar a la de las figuras 10 y 11 en la que la única diferencia es que el semieje de salida -206- de la figura 11, pasa a ser eje de salida de potencia -236-, y el semieje de salida -205- de la figura 11 pasa a ser el eje -237-.In figures 12 and 13, a version similar to that of figures 10 and 11 has been represented in which the only difference is that the output shaft -206- of figure 11 becomes the power output axis - 236-, and the output shaft -205- of Figure 11 becomes the axis -237-.
Como puede apreciarse, el mismo sistema permite también, obtener un variador de velocidades controlado por el sistema hidráulico-mecánico. Es evidente que el sistema de control podría ser de igual modo realizado mediante cualquier dispositivo entre los conocidos en la técnica tales como zapatas de freno, embragues, sistemas hidráulicos, etc..As can be seen, the same system also allows obtaining a variable speed drive controlled by the hydraulic-mechanical system. It is evident that the control system could be similarly realized by any device among those known in the art such as brake shoes, clutches, hydraulic systems, etc.
En las figuras 14 y 15 se ha representado una versión simplificada de la de las figuras 12 y 13, que comprende un cuerpo envolvente único -221'-, con un eje de entrada de potencia -201'- que engrana mediante su piñón cónico -202'- con la corona -203'- solidaria de la caja de satélites -204'-, a través de la cual se impulsa el eje de salida de potencia -206'- y el eje de control -205'- que es solidario de la leva -225- del sistema hidráulico-mecánico -238- ya explicado anteriormente en las figuras 10 y 11.In figures 14 and 15 a simplified version of that of figures 12 and 13 is shown, comprising a single casing body -221'-, with an axis of power input -201'- that meshes through its tapered pinion -202'- with the crown -203'- integral with the satellite box -204'-, through which the power output shaft -206 is driven '- and the control shaft -205'- which is integral with cam -225- of the hydraulic-mechanical system -238- already explained previously in Figures 10 and 11.
Mediante la disposición de elementos que se ha explicado resulta por lo tanto posible, con unas características de gran simplicidad y fiabilidad técnica, efectuar el control a voluntad del reparto de par motriz a los semiejes de salida de un diferencial para vehículos. By means of the arrangement of elements that have been explained, it is therefore possible, with characteristics of great simplicity and technical reliability, to carry out the control at will of the distribution of driving torque to the output axles of a differential for vehicles.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Diferencial controlable, del tipo que presenta un eje de entrada de potencia y un conjunto de engranajes destinados al accionamiento a diferentes velocidades de dos semiejes de salida de potencia, caracterizado por la disposición, dentro de un cuerpo envolvente único, de un primer, segundo y tercer conjuntos de satélites, el primero de los cuales está conectado al eje de entrada de potencia y los otros dos están conectados entre sí mediante un eje intermedio con piñones cónicos y con intermedio de sendas ruedas dentadas, están conectados con los ejes de salida de potencia, quedando asociado uno de los conjuntos de satélites segundo o tercero con un disco o engranaje frenable, para la regulación del reparto de par entre ambos ejes de salida.1.- Controllable differential, of the type that has a power input shaft and a set of gears destined to drive at different speeds of two power output half shafts, characterized by the arrangement, within a single housing, of a first , second and third sets of satellites, the first of which is connected to the power input shaft and the other two are connected to each other by means of an intermediate shaft with conical pinions and with intermediate sprockets, are connected to the axes of power output, one of the second or third satellite assemblies being associated with a brake disc or gear, for the regulation of torque distribution between both output axes.
2.- Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque de los conjuntos de satélites segundo y tercero, uno es fijo y el otro es solidario, a través de su caja, con el disco o corona frenable .2. Controllable differential, according to claim 1, characterized in that of the sets of second and third satellites, one is fixed and the other is integral, through its case, with the disc or brake crown.
3.- Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque ambos conjuntos de satélites segundo y tercero son móviles, siendo solidarias sus cajas a sendas coronas dentadas que engranan con un piñón del eje de regulación frenable.3. Controllable differential, according to claim 1, characterized in that both sets of second and third satellites are mobile, their boxes being joined to dentate crown crowns that engage with a pinion of the adjustable control axis.
4.- Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la primera caja de satélites corresponde a la de un diferencial convencional cuyos semiejes de salida de potencia están conectados con los ejes de entrada de los conjuntos segundo y tercero de satélites . 4. Controllable differential according to claim 1, characterized in that the first satellite box corresponds to that of a conventional differential whose power output shafts are connected to the input axes of the second and third satellite assemblies.
5.- Diferencial controlable, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 4, caracterizado porque la conexión entre los dos semiejes de salida y los ejes de entrada de los conjuntos de satélites segundo y tercero se realiza mediante ruedas rectas .5. Controllable differential according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the connection between the two output half shafts and the input shafts of the second and third satellite assemblies is made by straight wheels.
6.- Diferencial controlable, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 4, caracterizado porque la caja del conjunto de satélites giratorio es solidaria de una corona engranada a un piñón cónico cuyo eje de salida es frenable a efectos de regulación del reparto de par a los semiejes de salida de potencia.6. Controllable differential, according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the rotating satellite assembly housing is integral with a crown meshed to a conical pinion whose output shaft is braking for the purpose of regulating the torque distribution to the half shafts of power output
7.- Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque los semiejes de salida están conectados a través de sendas coronas cónicas respectivamente con sendas coronas cónicas portadoras de ejes engranados con los satélites de los conjuntos de satélites segundo y tercero, respectivamente, de caja giratoria y fija.7. Controllable differential, according to claim 1, characterized in that the output half shafts are connected through conical crowns respectively with conical beams bearing axles meshed with the satellites of the second and third satellite assemblies, respectively, of box swivel and fixed.
8.- Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque todos los engranajes tienen capacidad de giro sobre su eje.8. Controllable differential, according to claim 1, characterized in that all gears have the ability to rotate on its axis.
9. Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque presenta un eje de entrada de potencia y un conjunto de engranajes destinados al accionamiento a diferentes velocidades de dos semiejes de salida de potencia, caracterizado por la disposición, dentro de un cuerpo envolvente único, de un primer y segundo conjunto de satélites, el primero de los cuales está conectado al eje de entrada de potencia, y el segundo conjunto de satélites quedando asociado a un disco o engranaje frenables, para la regulación del reparto de par entre ambos ejes de salida.9. Controllable differential according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a power input shaft and a set of gears intended for driving at different speeds of two power output half shafts, characterized by the arrangement, within a single enclosure body, of a first and second set of satellites, the first of which is connected to the power input shaft, and the second set of satellites being associated with a brake disc or gear, for the regulation of torque distribution between both output axes.
10. Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado porque el primer conjunto de satélites corresponde al de un diferencial convencional cuyos semiejes de salida de potencia están conectados con los semiejes de entrada del segundo conjunto de satélites.10. Controllable differential according to claim 9, characterized in that the first set of satellites corresponds to that of a conventional differential whose power output half shafts are connected to the input half shafts of the second set of satellites.
11. Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 9 y 10, caracterizado porque la conexión entre los semiejes de salida del conjunto de satélites primero y los semiejes de entrada del segundo conjunto de satélites, se hace mediante engranajes rectos.11. Controllable differential according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that the connection between the output half shafts of the first satellite set and the input half shafts of the second set of satellites is made by straight gears.
12. Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 9, 10 y 11, caracterizado porque la conexión entre uno de los semiejes de salida del primer conjunto de satélites con uno de los semiejes de entrada del segundo conjunto de satélites con sus respectivos engranajes se realiza mediante un engranaje intermedio.12. Controllable differential according to claim 9, 10 and 11, characterized in that the connection between one of the output half shafts of the first set of satellites with one of the input half shafts of the second set of satellites with their respective gears is made by means of a intermediate gear
13. Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 9 y 10, caracterizado porque la conexión entre uno de los semiejes de salida del primer conjunto de satélites con uno de los semiejes de entrada del segundo conjunto de satélites se realiza mediante un sistema de cadena de transmisión y el otro semieje de salida del primer conjunto de satélites con el otro semieje de entrada del segundo conjunto de satélites se realiza mediante engranajes.13. Controllable differential according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that the connection between one of the output half shafts of the first set of satellites with one of the input half shafts of the second set of satellites is carried out by means of a transmission chain system and The other output shaft of the first set of satellites with the other input shaft of the second set of satellites is made by gears.
14.- Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por llevar incorporado al eje de control un dispositivo hidráulico-mecánico, el cual presenta un mecanismo que transmite con su movimiento circular un movimiento rectilíneo sobre los émbolos con los que está en permanente unión y los mismos están a la vez alojados dentro de sus correspondientes cilindros.14. Controllable differential, according to claim 1, characterized in that a hydraulic-mechanical device is incorporated into the control axis, which has a mechanism that transmits a rectilinear movement on the pistons with its circular movement with those that are in permanent union and they are both housed inside their corresponding cylinders.
15.- Diferencial controlable, según la reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque el mecanismo que transmite con su movimiento circular un movimiento rectilíneo está constituido por un mecanismo de leva.15. Controllable differential according to claim 14, characterized in that the mechanism that transmits a rectilinear movement with its circular movement is constituted by a cam mechanism.
16.- Diferencial controlable, según reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque los cilindros donde están alojados los émbolos, están a la vez conectados a una canalización, que permite el vaciado y llenado de fluido de los cilindros a través de un deposito común de alimentación de fluido hidráulico.16. Controllable differential, according to claim 14, characterized in that the cylinders where the pistons are housed, are simultaneously connected to a pipe, which allows the emptying and filling of fluid from the cylinders through a common fluid supply tank hydraulic.
17.- Diferencial controlable, según reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque los cilindros, donde están alojados los émbolos, tienen practicados unos orificios calibrados, para el paso de fluido entre los cilindros, del sistema hidráulico.17. Controllable differential, according to claim 14, characterized in that the cylinders, where the pistons are housed, have calibrated holes made for the passage of fluid between the cylinders of the hydraulic system.
18.- Diferencial controlable, según reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque los cilindros, donde están alojados los émbolos, pueden disponer de unas válvulas, para controlar el caudal de fluido circulante entre los cilindros, del sistema hidráulico.18. Controllable differential according to claim 14, characterized in that the cylinders, where the pistons are housed, may have valves, to control the flow of circulating fluid between the cylinders, of the hydraulic system.
19.- Diferencial controlable, según reivindicación 14, que presenta un eje de entrada de potencia y un conjunto de engranajes destinados al accionamiento a diferentes velocidades de los semiejes de salida de potencia, caracterizadas por la disposición, dentro de un cuerpo envolvente único, de un primer y segundo conjunto de satélites, el primero de los cuales está conectado al eje de entrada de potencia, y el segundo conjunto de satélites, quedando asociado al eje de control. 19. Controllable differential, according to claim 14, which has a power input shaft and a set of gears intended for driving at different speeds of the power output half shafts, characterized by the arrangement, within a single housing, of a first and second set of satellites, the first of which is connected to the power input axis, and the second set of satellites, being associated with the control axis.
20.- Diferencial controlable, según reivindicaciones 14 y 19, caracterizado porque uno de los semiejes de salida queda como eje único de salida de potencia, quedando el otro semieje, conectado de igual forma al sistema hidráulico, con objeto de poder realizar la variación de velocidad de forma controlada entre el eje de entrada del sistema y uno de los semiejes de salida. 20. Controllable differential, according to claims 14 and 19, characterized in that one of the output axles remains as the single axis of power output, the other semi-axis remaining, connected in the same way to the hydraulic system, in order to perform the variation of speed controlled between the input shaft of the system and one of the output shafts.
PCT/ES2002/000574 2001-12-05 2002-12-04 Controllable differential WO2003054424A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002363904A AU2002363904A1 (en) 2001-12-05 2002-12-04 Controllable differential

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP0102715 2001-12-05
ES200102715A ES2188421B1 (en) 2001-12-05 2001-12-05 CONTROLLABLE DIFFERENTIAL.
ES200200390A ES2192142B1 (en) 2001-12-05 2002-02-06 IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE PATENT OF INVENTION N.P200102715 BY "CONTROLLABLE DIFFERENTIAL".
ESP0200390 2002-02-06
ES200202747 2002-11-29
ESP0202747 2002-11-29

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102619953A (en) * 2012-03-27 2012-08-01 谢建武 Four-wheel driving oil pressure intelligent coupler

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB620723A (en) * 1946-10-21 1949-03-29 Ewen Gordon M Ewen Improvements in or relating to differential gearing
US2533611A (en) * 1946-12-28 1950-12-12 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Controlled differential transmission mechanism
FR1024532A (en) * 1950-09-13 1953-04-02 Lyonnais Rochet Schneider Ets Progressive differential locking device
US3034322A (en) * 1960-05-05 1962-05-15 Eugene J Miller Differential torque equalizer
EP0380899A1 (en) * 1988-02-15 1990-08-08 Christos Symbardis Transmission providing a continuous range of gear ratios
DE20103129U1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2001-05-03 Oberaigner Wilhelm Device for changing the speed of the driven wheels of a motor vehicle
US6334832B1 (en) * 2000-05-31 2002-01-01 Warn Industries, Inc. Control for vehicle differential

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB620723A (en) * 1946-10-21 1949-03-29 Ewen Gordon M Ewen Improvements in or relating to differential gearing
US2533611A (en) * 1946-12-28 1950-12-12 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Controlled differential transmission mechanism
FR1024532A (en) * 1950-09-13 1953-04-02 Lyonnais Rochet Schneider Ets Progressive differential locking device
US3034322A (en) * 1960-05-05 1962-05-15 Eugene J Miller Differential torque equalizer
EP0380899A1 (en) * 1988-02-15 1990-08-08 Christos Symbardis Transmission providing a continuous range of gear ratios
DE20103129U1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2001-05-03 Oberaigner Wilhelm Device for changing the speed of the driven wheels of a motor vehicle
US6334832B1 (en) * 2000-05-31 2002-01-01 Warn Industries, Inc. Control for vehicle differential

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102619953A (en) * 2012-03-27 2012-08-01 谢建武 Four-wheel driving oil pressure intelligent coupler

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