WO2003049807A1 - Appareil de sauvetage a vitesse reglable - Google Patents

Appareil de sauvetage a vitesse reglable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003049807A1
WO2003049807A1 PCT/CN2002/000885 CN0200885W WO03049807A1 WO 2003049807 A1 WO2003049807 A1 WO 2003049807A1 CN 0200885 W CN0200885 W CN 0200885W WO 03049807 A1 WO03049807 A1 WO 03049807A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
speed
adjustable
resistance
hub
bearing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2002/000885
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xiaolin Bai
Original Assignee
Xiaolin Bai
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xiaolin Bai filed Critical Xiaolin Bai
Priority to US10/498,678 priority Critical patent/US7278601B2/en
Priority to AU2002349562A priority patent/AU2002349562A1/en
Priority to JP2003550855A priority patent/JP4138660B2/ja
Publication of WO2003049807A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003049807A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/10Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a life-saving device, which is mainly used for self-rescue of high-rise building trapped persons or rescue personnel to rescue trapped persons in the event of fire or earthquake disaster. Background technique
  • the person's weight will fall quickly when the body weight is light, and the person's body will fall slowly when the body is light. It is not conducive to escaping through the fire floor and children's emergency escape, and can not stop in the air as needed.
  • the safety rope is not fire-resistant. As the existing high-rise building life-saving equipment relies on the rope between its internal gears to generate resistance to slow down the speed of the human body, the safety rope is generally made of steel rope and covered with hemp. Therefore, in When crossing the fire floor, the safety line is not "insured”. 4. Gears wear out when they squeeze the safety rope. The worn safety rope is easy to break on the one hand, on the other hand, it reduces the extrusion resistance, and the falling speed is correspondingly increased, which affects safety. 5.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, and propose a safe, reliable and convenient adjustable speed lifesaving device.
  • a speed-adjustable life saver includes a casing, a drum, a safety rope and a resistance hub motor.
  • One end of the safety rope is fixed and wound on a drum in the casing, and a resistance hub is arranged in the drum.
  • Motor, resistance hub motor includes hub, variable speed damping device and rotor.
  • the resistance hub motor is supported in the housing through the main shaft, the hub is fixedly connected to the drum, and the hub is driven by the variable speed damping device to increase the speed of the rotor.
  • the rotor circuit is unidirectional Diode (D).
  • the rotor circuit is connected in series with a power consumption resistor.
  • a speed regulating switch is connected in parallel at both ends of the power consumption resistor.
  • the power consumption resistance is an adjustable resistance.
  • the rotor circuit is connected in series with a unidirectional diode group (D l ⁇ Dn) for voltage transformation.
  • a speed regulating switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the one-way conduction diode group (D1 to Dn), and is used for changing the number of diode groups connected in series.
  • the variable speed damping device includes a variable speed bearing, a damping bearing, and an eccentric shaft.
  • the hub is fixedly connected to the variable speed bearing.
  • the variable speed bearing transmits the damping shaft.
  • the damping bearing transmits the eccentric shaft, and the eccentric shaft drives the rotor.
  • a back cover and a support shaft are provided, the back cover is fixed on the main shaft, the stator is fixedly connected to the back cover, the support shaft is locked between the variable speed bearing and the eccentric shaft through a rotary bearing, and the stator is fixedly connected to the support shaft.
  • a loop device consisting of a loop hole, a large gear, and a pinion is provided.
  • the loop hole in the housing supports a large gear through a bearing, and the large gear drives the small gear on the main shaft.
  • a safety lock device consisting of a lock hole, an artificial rotation lock lever, a centrifugal automatic lock lever, a spring and a hollow lock block is provided.
  • One end of the spring is fixed on the reel, and the other end is connected to the centrifugal automatic lock lever.
  • the centrifugal automatic lock lever is placed in the hollow lock.
  • the manual rotation lock lever is inserted into the outer edge of the hollow lock block fixed on the side of the drum through the lock hole opened in the casing.
  • the braking method is scientific, novel, and innovative:
  • the potential energy is firstly converted into mechanical energy and electromagnetic energy.
  • the life-saving device converts the potential energy during the decline into mechanical and electromagnetic energy, and the mechanical energy drives the motor rotor
  • the rotation generates current, and the charged rotor rotates in the magnetic field to generate resistance. The greater the force on the hub, the faster the rotation speed, the greater the current generated, and the greater the resistance generated by the rotor.
  • the electromechanical conversion braking method is adopted to overcome the shortcomings of reduced safety and reliability brought by the existing life-saving appliances for high-rise buildings relying on gears to squeeze the safety ropes for braking.
  • the safety rope is made of stainless steel rope, which has strong fire resistance and can be reused. It can be used in both upside down and upside down.
  • the present invention is a speed-adjustable lifesaving device with a simple structure, ingenuity, safety, reliability, and great practicability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable speed lifesaving device.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural sectional view of the resistance hub motor in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3a is a circuit diagram of a rotor circuit of the resistance hub motor of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3b is another implementation circuit diagram of the rotor circuit of the resistance hub motor of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. detailed description is another implementation circuit diagram of the rotor circuit of the resistance hub motor of FIG. 2.
  • a speed-adjustable life saver includes a housing 2, a reel 7, a safety rope 12, a resistance hub motor, a loopback device, and a safety lock device.
  • a lifting lug 1 is fixed at the top of the housing 2.
  • the bottom end is provided with a wire outlet hole 13, one end of the safety rope 12 is fixed and wound on the safety rope drum 7 in the housing 2, and the other end of the safety rope 12 passes through the wire outlet hole 13 and is connected to the safety rope cover 16 and placed in a roll.
  • the resistance hub motor in the cylinder 7 is supported in the housing 2 through the main shaft 6.
  • the loop device is composed of a loop hole 3, a large gear 4 and a pinion 5.
  • the loop hole 3 in the casing 2 is supported by a bearing.
  • Gear 4, gear 4, pinion 5 on the main shaft, safety lock device consists of lock hole 10, manual rotation lock lever 9, centrifugal automatic lock lever 24, spring 8 and hollow lock block 11, artificial lock lever 9 through the housing
  • the lock hole 10 opened on 2 is inserted into the outer edge of the hollow lock block 11 fixed on the side of the reel.
  • the spring 8 is fixed on the reel 7 and the other end is connected to the automatic centrifugal lock lever 24.
  • the centrifugal automatic lock ⁇ dry 24 throws out the hollow lock block due to the centrifugal force 11 and the housing 2 which is fixedly connected with the main shaft 6 is engaged with the locking position to prevent the hub 38 from rotating, so as to achieve the purpose of braking insurance.
  • the resistance hub motor includes a hub cover (29, 32), a hub 38, a rear cover 31, a rotor 21, a stator 18, a variable speed damping device, a support shaft 39, a commutator brush 35, an external lead 17,
  • the variable speed damping device is composed of a variable speed bearing 19, a damping bearing 26, and an eccentric shaft 22
  • the hub 38 is fixedly connected to the drum 7, and the hub 38 is connected to the hub cover (30) by screws 30 , 32) is fixedly connected
  • the hub cover (29, 32) is supported on the main shaft 6 through bearings (23, 33)
  • the back cover 31 is riveted with the main shaft 6,
  • the main shaft 6 is equipped with a bearing 34 and a rotatable eccentric shaft 22, and
  • the commutator brush 35 is connected to the back cover 31 by screws, presses the bearing 25 into the eccentric shaft 22, and the support shaft 39 is fixed on the bearing 25.
  • the stator 18 is fixedly connected to the support shaft 39 by screws 20.
  • the stator 18 is fixed by screws 36. It is fixedly connected to the rear cover 31, the transmission bearing 19 and the hub cover 29 are fixedly connected by screws 27, a bearing 28 is provided between the transmission bearing 19 and the support shaft 39, and the transmission bearing 19 and the eccentric shaft 22
  • a damping bearing 26 is provided, and the rotor 21 is connected to the eccentric shaft 22 through threads.
  • the winding of the rotor 21 is provided with a commutator brush 35, an external wire 17, a unidirectional diode VD, and an external power consumption resistor R to form a rotor circuit.
  • a governor switch 15 () is connected to both ends of the power consumption resistor R, and the external power consumption resistor R and the governor switch 15 are placed in the governor casing 14.
  • the hub 38 rotates under external force. After the speed is increased by the variable speed bearing 19, the rotor 21 is made high in the magnetic field of the motor stator 18 through the damping bearing 26 and the eccentric shaft 22.
  • the fast-cut magnetic field lines form a loop through the commutator carbon brush 35, the wire 17, and an external power consumption resistor R to generate a current.
  • the charged rotor 21 rotates in the magnetic field to generate resistance, until the external force on the hub 38 is generated by the rotor 21
  • the resistance and the resistance produced by the damping bearing 26 to the eccentric shaft 22 are balanced to make the hub 21 rotate at a uniform speed.
  • the rotor circuit current can be changed, thereby changing the resistance of the rotor in the magnetic field, and the rotor speed can be changed accordingly, thereby changing the hub speed and controlling the descending speed of the lifeguard.
  • the power consumption resistor R converts part of the electrical energy into thermal energy and dissipates it.
  • the speed control switch 15 When the speed control switch 15 is closed, the power consumption resistance R does not work. At this time, the rotor circuit works only through the internal resistance r of the rotor winding itself, the rotor circuit current reaches the maximum, and the resistance generated by the rotor cutting the magnetic field lines is the largest. slowest.
  • the power consumption resistance R and the speed control switch 15 may be replaced by adjustable resistances, such as: a continuous variable speed sliding type is adopted, which is convenient to change the power consumption resistance of the rotor circuit at any time, adjust the rotation speed, and control the descending speed of the lifeguard.
  • the power consumption resistance R is replaced by a unidirectional diode group (Dl ⁇ Dn), and the speed of the switch 15 is used to change the connection unit.
  • the diode groups will generate different voltage drops, which will change the on-current of the rotor circuit, change the resistance generated by the rotor cutting the magnetic field lines, and adjust the falling speed.
  • the number of unidirectional diode groups connected is larger, the falling speed is faster; conversely, the smaller the number of unidirectional diode groups connected is, the slower the falling speed is.
  • the method of using the adjustable speed lifesaving device of the present invention can be roughly divided into three types: a building emergency window fixed suspension type, a temporary suspension type, and an aerial platform fixed suspension type. among them:
  • Temporary suspension type When a disaster occurs, use a safety hook or traction strap to suspend the lifesaving device near a window or balcony on a building component or other fixture (such as pipes, door and window frames) that can bear a certain weight. Put on a safety belt, step out of the window or balcony, and land safely to the ground along the outside wall. The method is the same as above.
  • High-altitude platform fixed suspension On the life-saving ladder platform, the derrick platform and other places are fixedly installed with lifting rings. When an emergency occurs, suspend the lifeguard in the lifting ring, check that there are no obstacles in the descending area, and fasten the safety belt afterwards. Descend, the method is the same as above.
  • variable-speed damping device is composed of a variable-speed bearing, a damping bearing, and an eccentric shaft.
  • Other types of transmissions may also be adopted as needed, such as clutch structures and other structural forms such as variable-speed gears.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Description

可调速救生器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种救生器材, 主要用于火灾、 震灾突发时, 高层建筑被困 人员自救或救援人员救助被困人员。 背景技术
在众多自然灾害中, 地震、 火灾最具突发性, 它们给人类造成的伤亡也 最大。 对于高层建筑灾情突发时的民用自救器材, 由于其用途、 使用环境、 保存时间等条件的特殊性, 对救生器材的实用性和安全性都有极高的要求。 可是, 现有高层建筑用救生器材, 由于结构设计不合理, 当灾害发生时, 靠 救援人员很难及时救出高层建筑内被困人员。 其存在的主要缺点是: 1、 普遍 釆用磨擦制动, 使用次数少、 可靠性和安全性差, 只能供专业消防人员使用, 不适合于平民自救使用。 2、 下降速度不可调, 人体重时下降快, 人体轻时下 降慢, 不利于穿越火层和小孩紧急逃生, 也不能^^据需要停在空中。 3、 保险 绳不耐火, 由于现有高层建筑用救生器材是靠其内部齿轮之间挤压绳索产生 阻力来减緩人体下降速度, 一般保险绳的用料是钢绳外包麻皮, 因此, 在穿 越火层时, 保险绳并不"保险"。 4、 齿轮挤压保险绳时生产磨损, 磨损后的保 险绳一方面易断, 另一方面使挤压阻力减小, 下降速度相应加快, 影响安全 性。 5、 需要定期维护, 不能长期存放, 而无法保证长期随时处于"临战"状态。 6、 使用高度受限(100M 以下)。 7、 在使用时, 两根保险绳相对运动, 极易 使人受伤。 8、 主机与保险绳分离成两块, 不便使用操作。 发明内容
本发明的目的意在克服上述现有技术的不足, 提出一种安全、 可靠、 使 用方便的可调速救生器。
实现上述目的的技术方案: 一种可调速救生器, 包括壳体、 卷筒、 保险 绳和阻力轮毂电机, 保险绳的一端固定并缠绕在壳体内的卷筒上, 卷筒内设 置阻力轮毂电机, 阻力轮毂电机包括轮毂、 变速阻尼装置和转子, 阻力轮毂 电机通过主轴支撑在壳体内, 轮毂与卷筒固定连接, 轮毂经变速阻尼装置阻 尼增速后传动转子, 转子回路串联有单向导通二极管 (D )。
所述转子回路串联有功耗电阻。
所述在功耗电阻的两端并接有调速开关。
所述功耗电阻是可调电阻。
所述转子回路串联有用于变压的单向导通二极管组( D l〜Dn )。 所述单向导通二极管组(Dl~Dn ) 的两端并接有调速开关, 用于改变串 接的二极管组数量。
所述变速阻尼装置包括变速轴承、 阻尼轴承和偏心轴, 轮毂与变速轴承 固定连接, 变速轴承传动阻尼轴 阻尼轴承传动偏心轴, 偏心轴传动转子。
设置后盖和支撑轴, 后盖固定在主轴上, 定子与后盖固定连接, 支撑轴 通过转动轴承卡接在变速轴承与偏心轴之间 , 定子与支撑轴固定连接。
设置由回线孔、 大齿轮和小齿轮组成的回线装置, 壳体上的回线孔内通 过轴承支撑有大齿轮, 大齿轮传动主轴上的小齿轮。
设置由锁孔、 人工转动锁杆、 离心自动锁杆、 弹簧和空心锁块组成的安 全锁装置, 弹簧一端固定在卷筒上, 另一端连接离心自动锁杆, 离心自动锁 杆置于空心锁块中, 人工转动锁杆通过壳体上开设的锁孔插在固定在卷筒侧 面的空心锁块外缘。
釆用上述技术方案, 本发明有益的技术效果在于: 1、 制动方法科学、 新 颖, 具有首创性: 在高层建筑救生器中, 首创性地将位能转换成机械能和电 磁能。 通过在阻力轮毂电机转子回路接入单向导通二极管组变压和 /或功耗电 阻变流进行制动控速, 救生器将下降过程中的位能转换成机械能和电磁能, 机械能带动电机转子旋转产生电流, 带电的转子在磁场中旋转产生阻力, 轮 毂受力越大, 旋转速度就越快, 产生的电流就越大, 转子产生的阻力就越大。 从而保持轮毂可受的外力与转子可产生的阻力达到平衡, 产生制动, 使轮毂 匀速旋转。 2、 电机制动是成熟技术, 与现有主要靠磨擦制动的救生器材相比, 安全性、 可靠性大大提高。 3、 不用电, 仅靠人体自重为动力, 以设定的安全 速度 (0.3— 1.5m/s)降至地面, 迅速撤离。 4、 下降速度可通过改变功耗电阻值 变流或单向导通二极管组变压进行换档。 功耗电阻值越大, 下降速度越快; 反之, 功耗电阻值越小, 下降速度越慢。 或者, 接入的单向导通二极管组数 量越大, 下降速度越快; 反之, 接入的单向导通二极管组数量越少, 下降速 度越慢。 通过设置调速开关, 使用不同的速度档位, 专业救援人员可使用快 速档, 安全穿越着火楼层, 缩短下降时间, 快速安全到达地面。 还可根据需 要, 通过安全锁装置, 随时悬停空中。 5、 采用机电转换制动的方法, 克服了 现有高层建筑用救生器依靠齿轮挤压保险绳制动带来的安全性和可靠性降低 的缺点。 6、 保险绳采用不锈钢绳制作, 耐火性强, 可重复使用, 正、 倒置均 可使用。 7、 使用前, 免维护; 使用时, 不怕雨淋、 水浇。 8、 本发明已试制 出样品, 样品经公安部国家消防装备质量监督检验中心反复测试, 各项技术 指标高于公安部对类似产品的要求。 9、 采用了离心自动锁杆技术, 若超出安 全速度范围, 可自动制动保安全。 综上所述, 本发明是一种结构筒单、 巧妙、 安全、 可靠、 实用性极强的可调速救生器。 附图说明
图 1是一种可调速救生器的结构示意图。
图 2是图 1中阻力轮毂电机的结构剖视图。
图 3a是图 2阻力轮毂电机的转子回路电路图。
图 3b是图 2阻力轮毂电机的转子回路的另一种实现电路图。 具体实施方式
结合图 1至图 3a, —种可调速救生器, 包括壳体 2、 卷筒 7、 保险绳 12、 阻力轮毂电机、 回线装置和安全锁装置, 壳体 2的顶端固定有吊耳 1 , 底端开 有出线孔 13 , 保险绳 12的一端固定并缠绕在壳体 2内的保险绳卷筒 7上, 保 险绳 12的另一端穿过出线孔 13接保险绳套 16, 置于卷筒 7内的阻力轮毂电 机通过主轴 6支撑在壳体 2内, 回线装置由回线孔 3、 大齿轮 4和小齿轮 5组 成, 壳体 2上的回线孔 3内通过轴承支撑有大齿轮 4, 大齿轮 4传动主轴上的 小齿轮 5, 安全锁装置由锁孔 10、 人工转动锁杆 9、 离心自动锁杆 24、 弹簧 8 和空心锁块 11组成, 人工锁杆 9通过壳体 2上开设的锁孔 10***固定在卷 筒侧面的空心锁块 11旁外缘, 弹簧 8—端固定在卷筒 7上另一端连接离心自 动锁杆 24,离心自动锁杆 24置于锁块 11中,当轮毂 38转动达到一定速度时, 离心自动锁^ :干 24因离心力作用而甩出空心锁块 11并与主轴 6固定联接的壳 体 2卡接锁位, 阻止轮毂 38转动, 达到制动保险的目的。
如图 2所示, 阻力轮毂电机包括毂盖 (29、 32 )、 轮毂 38、 后盖 31、 转 子 21、 定子 18、 变速阻尼装置、 支撑轴 39、 换向器电刷 35、 外接导线 17、 单向导通二极管 VD和外接功耗电阻 R, 其中, 变速阻尼装置由变速轴承 19、 阻尼轴承 26、 偏心轴 22组成, 轮毂 38与卷筒 7固定连接, 轮毂 38通过螺丝 钉 30与毂盖 (29、 32 ) 固定连接, 毂盖 (29、 32 )通过轴承(23、 33 ) 支撑 在主轴 6上, 将后盖 31与主轴 6铆接, 主轴 6上装有轴承 34和可转动的偏 心轴 22, 将换向器电刷 35通过螺釘与后盖 31连接, 将轴承 25压入偏心轴 22, 支撑轴 39固定在轴承 25上, 定子 18通过螺丝钉 20.与支撑轴 39固定连 接, 定子 18通过螺丝钉 36与后盖 31固定连接, 变速轴承 19与毂盖 29之间 通过螺丝钉 27固定连接, 变速轴承 19与支撑轴 39之间设置轴承 28, 变速轴 承 19与偏心轴 22之间设置有阻尼轴承 26, 将转子 21通过螺纹与偏心轴 22 连接, 转子 21的绕组经换向器电刷 35、 外接导线 17、 单向导通二极管 VD、 外接功耗电阻 R构成转子回路, 在外接功耗电阻 R的两端并接有调速开关 15 ( ), 外接功耗电阻 R和调速开关 15置于调速器外壳 14内。
阻力轮毂电机的工作过程: 轮毂 38在外力作用下旋转, 通过变速轴承 19 增大转速后, 经阻尼轴承 26、偏心轴 22使转子 21在电机定子 18的磁场中高 速切割磁力线,通过换向器碳刷 35以及导线 17和外接功耗电阻 R构成回路, 产生电流, 带电的转子 21在磁场中旋转产生阻力, 直到轮毂 38所受的外力 在转子 21所产生的阻力和阻尼轴承 26对偏心轴 22所生产的阻力共同作用下 达到平衡, 使轮毂 21匀速旋转。 通过调节功耗电阻 R的大小, 可改变转子回 路电流大小, 从而改变转子在磁场中的阻力, 转子转速相应改变, 从而改变 轮毂转速, 控制救生器下降速度。
轮毂受力越大, 旋转速度就越快, 阻尼轴承对偏心轴的阻力越大。 同时, 转子转速越快, 转子回路产生的电流就越大, 转子切割磁力线产生的阻力就 越大, 直到轮毂所受的外力与转子所产生的阻力和偏心轴所受阻力达到平衡。 同时, 在此过程中, 功耗电阻 R将部分电能转换成热能耗散掉。
功耗电阻 R的阻值越大, 下降速度越快; 反之, 功耗电阻 R的阻值越小, 下降速度越慢。 当调速开关 15合上时, 功耗电阻 R不起作用, 此时, 转子回 路只通过转子绕组自身的内阻 r起作用,转子回路电流达到最大, 转子切割磁 力线产生的阻力最大, 下降速度最慢。
根据需要, 功耗电阻 R和调速开关 15可采用可调电阻代替, 如: 采用滑 动电阻的连续变速形式, 便于随时改变转子回路的功耗电阻, 调整旋转速度 大小, 控制救生器下降速度。
如图 3b所示, 为改变阻力轮毂电机转子回路电流的另一种实现电路, 将 功耗电阻 R改由单向导通二极管组(Dl~Dn )代替, 通过调速开关 15, 改变 接入单向导通二极管组的数量, 二极管组将产生不同的电压降, 从而改变转 子回路的导通电流, 改变转子切割磁力线产生的阻力大小, 调节下降速度。 当接入单向导通二极管组数量越大, 下降速度越快; 反之, 接入的单向导通 二极管组数量越少, 下降速度越慢。
本发明可调速救生器的使用方法大致可分为: 楼房应急窗口固定悬挂式、 临时悬挂式和高空平台固定悬挂式三种。 其中:
楼房应急窗口固定悬挂式:
①当灾情发生时, 打开窗口, 伸出落地式支架的外伸悬臂, 将救生器用 安全钩挂于悬臂的吊环内, 同时将救生器安全锁锁上;
②将救生器悬臂伸至窗外;
③将安全带套于腋下, 并调紧扣环; 同时将安全带上保险钩挂于救生器 下端钢绳环套内;
④用手紧握安全带, 翻出窗外, 将整个身体悬于救生器下;
⑤打开安全锁, 即可安全下降至地面。 专业救援时, 若需穿越火层, 或 快速下降, 则必须手握调速器, 随时调节速度。 但在距地面 4m高处, 必须将 速度调至慢速; ⑥在下降中, 双手或双脚可随时触壁, 以保持下降中身体不旋转。
⑦专业救援时, 若需空中悬停, 先将速度调至慢速, 尔后上锁, 即可悬 停。
当第一批人着地后, 应立即解开扣环, 脱下安全带, 楼上人员用摇臂将 钢绳和安全带迅速回收, 以供第二批人使用, 方法同第一批人。 如此往返, 可供多人连续逃生。
当专业救援人员救完人后自救逃生时, 若需穿越火层, 或快速下降, 则 需将救生器先上锁, 后倒挂, 以便在到达地面前 4m高处将速度调至慢速, 安 全落地逃生。
临时悬挂式: 当灾情发生时, 用安全钩或牵引带把救生器悬挂在靠近窗 户或阳台处的足以承受一定重量的建筑物构件上或其它固定物上 (譬如管道、 门窗框架等), 系上安全带, 跨出窗口或阳台沿墙外安全降落至地面, 方法同 上。
高空平台固定悬挂式: 在救生云梯平台上, 井架平台上等处固定安装吊 环, 当发生紧急情况时, 将救生器悬挂在吊环内, 检查在下降区域内无任何 障碍物, 尔后系好安全带下降, 方法同上。
另夕卜,在本实施例中,变速阻尼装置由变速轴承、阻尼轴承和偏心轴组成, 也可根据需要采用其它形式的变速器, 如: 离合器形式和变速齿轮等其它结 构形式, 通过改变传动比, 改变下降速度。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种可调速救生器, 包括壳体、 卷筒和保险绳, 保险绳的一端固定并 缠绕在壳体内的卷筒上, 其特征在于: 卷筒内设置有阻力轮毂电机, 阻力轮 毂电机包括轮毂、 变速阻尼装置和转子, 阻力轮毂电机通过主轴支撑在壳体 内, 轮毂与卷筒固定连接, 轮毂经变速阻尼装置阻尼增速后传动转子, 转子 回路串联有单向导通二极管 (D )。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 转子回路串联有功 耗电阻。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 在功耗电阻的两端 并接有调速开关。
4.根据权利要求 3所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 功耗电阻是可调电 阻。
5.根据权利要求 1所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 转子回路串联有用 于变压的单向导通二极管组(Dl~Dn )。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 所述单向导通二极 管组(Dl〜Dn ) 的两端并接有调速开关, 用于改变串接的二极管组数量。
7.根据权利要求 1〜6所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 变速阻尼装置包 括变速轴承、 阻尼轴承和偏心轴, 轮毂与变速轴承固定连接, 变速轴承传动 阻尼轴^^ 阻尼轴 7 传动偏心轴, 偏心轴传动转子。
8. 才 据权利要求 7所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 设置后盖和支撑轴, 后盖固定在主轴上, 定子与后盖固定连接, 支撑轴通过转动轴承卡接在变速 轴承与偏心轴之间, 定子与支撑轴固定连接。
9. 根据权利要求 1~6所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 设置由回线孔、 大齿轮和 ' j、齿轮组成的回线装置, 壳体上的回线孔内通过轴承支撑有大齿轮, 大齿轮传动主轴上的小齿轮。
10.根据权利要求 1~6所述可调速救生器, 其特征在于: 设置由锁孔、 人 工转动锁杆、 离心自动锁杆、 弹簧和空心锁块组成的安全锁装置, 弹簧一端 固定在卷筒上, 另一端连接离心自动锁杆, 离心自动锁杆置于锁块中, 人工 转动锁杆通过壳体上开设的锁孔***固定在卷筒侧面空心锁块外缘。
PCT/CN2002/000885 2001-12-11 2002-12-11 Appareil de sauvetage a vitesse reglable WO2003049807A1 (fr)

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