WO2003047784A1 - Method and device for notching tubes and the tube thus obtained - Google Patents

Method and device for notching tubes and the tube thus obtained Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003047784A1
WO2003047784A1 PCT/FR2002/004181 FR0204181W WO03047784A1 WO 2003047784 A1 WO2003047784 A1 WO 2003047784A1 FR 0204181 W FR0204181 W FR 0204181W WO 03047784 A1 WO03047784 A1 WO 03047784A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
movement
roller
pressure roller
notching
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2002/004181
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marc Lefevere
Original Assignee
Ressorts Lefevere, Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ressorts Lefevere, Sa filed Critical Ressorts Lefevere, Sa
Priority to US10/497,561 priority Critical patent/US20050039512A1/en
Priority to JP2003549024A priority patent/JP2005511307A/en
Priority to BR0214453-0A priority patent/BR0214453A/en
Priority to EP02799773A priority patent/EP1461170A1/en
Priority to AU2002364417A priority patent/AU2002364417A1/en
Publication of WO2003047784A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003047784A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D17/00—Forming single grooves in sheet metal or tubular or hollow articles
    • B21D17/04—Forming single grooves in sheet metal or tubular or hollow articles by rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for notching tubes.
  • tube here is meant a hollow body, in particular cylindrical, open or closed, made of metallic material or any other equivalent material.
  • notching In many industrial fields, it is necessary to produce notches on hollow tubes, such notching being carried out, for example, for support bars with ratchet for handbrake, racks, or else the support frames. head of motor vehicles.
  • the notches of the tubes must have sharp and clean edges to obtain a straightforward adjustment of the height of the headrest and to prevent the headrest from being easily displaced and adjusted when a pressure low is applied, for example by a child.
  • Head support frames in the form of a U-shaped tube with notches are described for example in the following documents:
  • Document FR-A-2 805 481 describes a method of notching tubes by stamping with a press.
  • the method implements a matrix comprising a lower matrix part, an upper right matrix part and an upper left matrix part.
  • a groove is provided on the lower die part to receive the notched tube.
  • the upper left and right matrix parts are pressed against the notching tube, the matrix obtained having through holes through which punches stamp the tube.
  • the invention aims in particular to provide a method ensuring increased productivity, greater regularity of shapes for the notches, the absence of burrs and repetitions of machining, the notches being formed without removal of material and without significant weakening of resistance of the tube.
  • the invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a method of notching a tube, this method comprising a movement back and forth from at least one pressure roller, movement during which this roller comes to press locally and plastically deform the wall of the tube, the movement of the pressure roller being formed by the combination of at least two displacements, namely:
  • the method comprises a step of controlling a parameter chosen from the group comprising: the bearing force of the pressure roller on the tube, the position of the roller during its contacts with the tube.
  • the invention relates, according to a second aspect, to a machine for implementing the method defined above, this machine comprising means for temporarily holding at least one tube in a predetermined position and motorized drive means pressure rollers following their first movement.
  • the machine has the following characters, possibly combined:
  • It includes means for causing the second movement, called advance movement, of the pressure roller, in a controlled manner, these means comprising means chosen from the group comprising springs, actuators such as jacks;
  • It includes means for controlling the movement of the pressure rollers as a function of at least one parameter chosen from the group comprising: the pressure force of the pressure roller on the tube, the position of the roller during its contacts with the tube;
  • the servo is of electro-hydraulic type.
  • the invention relates, according to a third aspect, to a headrest tube obtained by implementing the method as defined above.
  • - Figure 1 is a top view of a notching machine implementing the method of the invention, according to one embodiment;
  • - Figure 2 is a side view of the machine of Figure 1, according to arrow II;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the machine of Figure 1, according to arrow III.
  • the following description will be made in relation to the notching of a U-shaped tube of the type used conventionally for the headrest frames.
  • the method and the device of the invention also allow the production of notches on other types of tubes, such as for example those used for racks or support bars with ratchet for hand brake.
  • a U-shaped tube 1 is held in position by means 2 such as a grooved die in the working volume of a machine 3.
  • the tube 1 is introduced into the volume V, by a movement along the arrow F, the two substantially parallel branches 4,5 of the tube 1 extending in the direction Dl.
  • This direction D1 will be considered vertical, in the rest of this description. It is understood, however, that this provision is only arbitrarily used, in order to simplify. Indeed, as will be understood by a person skilled in the art, the operation of the machine is in no way conditioned by the arrangement of the direction Dl.
  • Maintaining the position of the tube in its receiving grooves can be obtained using means such as clamping jaws, for example.
  • the tube is of substantially circular section. It is understood, however, that the method according to the invention can be implemented for tubes of oval or polygonal section.
  • the machine 3 is provided with three profiled rollers 6,7,8, mounted in rotation in the direction Dl.
  • these three rollers 6,7,8 are mounted on a carriage sliding in the direction D2, this carriage itself being mounted articulated in the direction Dl with respect to the frame of the machine 3, frame on which is maintained the tube 1 to be notched.
  • Controlled pressurization means ensure the support of the rollers 6,7,8 on the tube 1 to be notched.
  • these means comprise a torsion spring mounted on the axis 10.
  • these means comprise a compression spring mounted between a support stop 11 and the sliding frame 12 supporting the rollers 6,7,8, this spring being shown diagrammatically by the reference 13 in FIG. 1.
  • This compression spring 13 is, as a variant, combined with the torsion spring mounted on the axis 10 of the carriage 12.
  • a single acting cylinder is arranged in place of the spring 13.
  • the first and second implementations mentioned above lead to a substantially rectilinear movement of the roller carrier carriage, in the direction D2.
  • the carriage 12 roller carrier is controlled, in its rotational movement about the axis of rotation 10, by means such as a double-acting cylinder.
  • the actuator rod movements are controlled, as a variant, as a function of the movement of the carriage.
  • the actuation of the actuator rod movements is carried out as a function of the stress undergone by the carriage during the passage of a roller on the tube 1, this stress reflecting the plastic deformation force undergone by the material of the tube in the process of notching 1.
  • the Applicant has found that the method as just described allows extremely significant gains in productivity, compared to the previously known methods, while ensuring great regularity in the shape of the notches, the material forming the tube does not not being thinned at the bottom of the notch.
  • the machine 3 can have one, two or more than two rollers.
  • the rollers can be profiled for producing one or more notches on the tube.
  • the rollers can be arranged with their axes of rotation substantially parallel, as shown.
  • the axes of rotation of the rollers are not aligned, for example for the formation of negative notches.
  • the position of the axes of rotation of the rollers is controlled, in one embodiment, to the position or the force of the roller on the notched tube.
  • the rollers can be arranged in several substantially parallel rows, so as to make two or more than two notches at the same time.
  • the notches in any orientation: internal face of the tube as shown in FIG. 1 of document FR-A-2 805 481, or external face of the tube as shown in document FR-A-2 771 686, or even towards the rear of the headrest as shown in document FR-A- 2 764 850, or towards the front of the headrest as envisaged in document FR-A-2 758 296.
  • the method according to the invention allows notching in very short time of headrest framework tubes, of the order of a few seconds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of notching a tube. The inventive method is characterised in that it comprises the to-and-fro movement of at least one pressure roller. During said movement, the aforementioned roller applies pressure locally to the wall of the tube (1) and plastically deforms same. The movement of the pressure roller is produced by a combination of at least two other movements, namely: a first essentially rectilinear to-and-fro movement, during which the roller rolls against the wall of the tube (1); and a second forward movement, the resultant of which is essentially perpendicular to the direction of the first movement. In this way, the tube (1) is plastically deformed in at least two movements of the pressure roller.

Description

PROCEDE, DISPOSITIF POUR LE CRANTAGE DE TUBES ET TUBE OBTENU PAR LA MISE EN ŒUVRE DU PROCEDE METHOD, DEVICE FOR CRANKING TUBES, AND TUBE OBTAINED BY IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
L'invention se rapporte à un procédé et à un dispositif pour le crantage de tubes. Par « tube » on désigne ici un corps creux, notamment cylindrique, ouvert ou fermé, réalisé en matériau métallique ou tout autre matériau équivalent.The invention relates to a method and a device for notching tubes. By “tube” here is meant a hollow body, in particular cylindrical, open or closed, made of metallic material or any other equivalent material.
Dans de nombreux domaines industriels, on est amené à réaliser des crans sur des tubes creux, un tel crantage étant réalisé, par exemple, pour les barres de support avec cliquet pour frein à main, les crémaillères, ou bien les ossatures d'appuis-tête de véhicules automobiles.In many industrial fields, it is necessary to produce notches on hollow tubes, such notching being carried out, for example, for support bars with ratchet for handbrake, racks, or else the support frames. head of motor vehicles.
Dans cette dernière utilisation particulière, les crans des tubes doivent présenter des bords vifs et nets pour obtenir un réglage franc de la hauteur de l'appui-tête et pour éviter que l'appui-tête ne soit déplacé facilement et déréglé lorsqu'une pression faible est appliquée, par exemple par un enfant. Des ossatures d'appui tête en forme de tube en U à crans sont décrites par exemple dans les documents suivants :In this last particular use, the notches of the tubes must have sharp and clean edges to obtain a straightforward adjustment of the height of the headrest and to prevent the headrest from being easily displaced and adjusted when a pressure low is applied, for example by a child. Head support frames in the form of a U-shaped tube with notches are described for example in the following documents:
- demandes de brevet en France publiées sous les numéros 2 755 915, 2 751 926, 2 734 612, 2 734 216, 2 721 267, 2 704 188, 2 666 771 ;- patent applications in France published under the numbers 2 755 915, 2 751 926, 2 734 612, 2 734 216, 2 721 267, 2 704 188, 2 666 771;
- demandes de brevet européen publiées sous les numéros 1 108 607, 1 046 541, 953 477, 875 417, 743 222, 687 590, 412 307 ;- European patent applications published under the numbers 1 108 607, 1 046 541, 953 477, 875 417, 743 222, 687 590, 412 307;
- brevets américains publiés sous les numéros 5 478 136, 5 398 996, 5 257 853, 5 165 754, 4 390 209.- U.S. patents published under the numbers 5,478,136, 5,398,996, 5,257,853, 5,165,754, 4,390,209.
On connaît déjà, dans l'art antérieur, différents procédés permettant de pratiquer sur des tubes un crantage à angles vifs, avec ou sans enlèvement de matière.We already know, in the prior art, different methods for practicing on notches with sharp angles, with or without removal of material.
Le crantage de tubes par usinage avec enlèvement de matière présente de nombreux inconvénients et n'est plus envisagé, car fragilisant beaucoup trop le tube.The notching of tubes by machining with removal of material has many drawbacks and is no longer envisaged, since it weakens the tube too much.
En revanche, de nombreux procédés de crantage de tube sans enlèvement de matière sont proposés dans l'art antérieur. Le document EP-A-0 974 409 décrit un procédé de crantage mettant en œuvre une machine de rivetage à train épicycloïdal et calotte sphérique, connue en elle-même, comportant, en lieu et place de sa bouterolle, un poinçon adapté au profil du crantage à réaliser. Ce poinçon est entraîné dans un mouvement complexe se décomposant en un mouvement de translation et un mouvement orbital. Le tube à cranter est placé dans une rainure d'une demi-coquille fixe, une demi-coquille mobile ou serre-flan étant pourvue d'une rainure située en regard de la rainure de la demi-coquille fixe.On the other hand, numerous methods of notching a tube without removing material are proposed in the prior art. The document EP-A-0 974 409 describes a notching method using a riveting machine with planetary gear and spherical cap, known per se, comprising, instead of its bolt, a punch adapted to the profile of the notching to achieve. This punch is driven in a complex movement decomposing into a translational movement and an orbital movement. The notching tube is placed in a groove of a fixed half-shell, a movable half-shell or blank holder being provided with a groove situated opposite the groove of the fixed half-shell.
Le procédé décrit dans le document EP-A-0 974409 présente de nombreux inconvénients. En particulier, la productivité obtenue est très faible, et peu compatible avec les exigences du secteur de la construction automobile. Par ailleurs, comme mentionné dans ce document antérieur, le mouvement du poinçon est complexe et s'avère difficile à contrôler, de sorte que la qualité des crans obtenus sur le tube est sujette est variations, et ce en dépit d'un blocage de la rotation du poinçon de crantage par un anti-dériveur.The process described in document EP-A-0 974409 has many drawbacks. In particular, the productivity obtained is very low, and not very compatible with the requirements of the automobile construction sector. Furthermore, as mentioned in this prior document, the movement of the punch is complex and proves difficult to control, so that the quality of the notches obtained on the tube is subject to variations, despite the blocking of the rotation of the notching punch by an anti-dinghy.
Le document FR-A-2 805 481 décrit un procédé de crantage de tubes par estampage à la presse. Le procédé met en œuvre une matrice comprenant une partie de matrice inférieure, une partie de matrice droite supérieure et une partie de matrice gauche supérieure. Une gorge est ménagée sur la partie de matrice inférieure pour recevoir le tube à cranter. Puis les parties de matrice supérieure gauche et droite sont plaquées contre le tube à cranter, la matrice obtenue comportant des trous traversant au travers desquels des poinçons viennent estamper le tube.Document FR-A-2 805 481 describes a method of notching tubes by stamping with a press. The method implements a matrix comprising a lower matrix part, an upper right matrix part and an upper left matrix part. A groove is provided on the lower die part to receive the notched tube. Then the upper left and right matrix parts are pressed against the notching tube, the matrix obtained having through holes through which punches stamp the tube.
Le procédé décrit dans le document FR-A-2 805 481 présente de nombreux inconvénients. En particulier, pour minimiser l'amplitude de l'affaiblissement par cisaillement, il est nécessaire d'ajuster les dimensions de la partie indentée et de l'encoche. A défaut, les crans portent des bavures : le crantage de tubes par déformation sous presse, tel que décrit dans le document FR-A-2 805 481, entraîne un affaissement nécessitant une reprise d'usinage pour obtenir des angles vifs. La productivité obtenue par le procédé d'estampage est faible. Afin de contrôler l'épaisseur et la section du tube lors du crantage par estampage, le document EP-A-1 112 791 propose la mise en place d'un mandrin et le pressage en plusieurs passes. Un tel procédé ne permet pas d'assurer une grande productivité et ne peut, par sa nature même, être mis en œuvre avec des tubes fermés.The process described in document FR-A-2 805 481 has many drawbacks. In particular, to minimize the amplitude of the shear loss, it is necessary to adjust the dimensions of the indented part and the notch. Otherwise, the notches bear burrs: the notching of tubes by deformation under a press, as described in document FR-A-2 805 481, results in sagging necessitating a resumption of machining in order to obtain sharp angles. The productivity obtained by the stamping process is low. In order to control the thickness and the section of the tube during notching by stamping, document EP-A-1 112 791 proposes the positioning of a mandrel and the pressing in several passes. Such a method does not ensure high productivity and cannot, by its very nature, be implemented with closed tubes.
Le document WO-A-01/15827 décrit un dispositif de crantage comprenant un outil de formage coulissant.Document WO-A-01/15827 describes a notching device comprising a sliding forming tool.
D'autres procédés de crantage de tubes sont décrits dans les documents DE-U29717174, DE-U-29714315, EP-A-0 867 334. L'invention vise à fournir un procédé et un dispositif de crantage de tubes ne présentant pas les inconvénients des procédés et dispositifs connus à ce jour.Other methods of notching tubes are described in documents DE-U29717174, DE-U-29714315, EP-A-0 867 334. The invention aims to provide a method and a device of notching tubes which do not have the disadvantages of the methods and devices known to date.
L'invention vise en particulier à fournir un procédé assurant une productivité accrue, une plus grande régularité de formes pour les crans, l'absence de bavures et de reprises d'usinage, les crans étant formés sans enlèvement de matière et sans affaiblissement notable de la résistance du tube.The invention aims in particular to provide a method ensuring increased productivity, greater regularity of shapes for the notches, the absence of burrs and repetitions of machining, the notches being formed without removal of material and without significant weakening of resistance of the tube.
A ces fins, l'invention se rapporte, selon un premier aspect, à un procédé de crantage d'un tube, ce procédé comprenant un mouvement de va et vient d'au moins un galet presseur, mouvement au cours duquel ce galet vient presser localement et déformer plastiquement la paroi du tube, le mouvement du galet presseur étant formé par la combinaison d'au moins deux déplacements à savoir :For these purposes, the invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a method of notching a tube, this method comprising a movement back and forth from at least one pressure roller, movement during which this roller comes to press locally and plastically deform the wall of the tube, the movement of the pressure roller being formed by the combination of at least two displacements, namely:
- un premier déplacement, sensiblement rectiligne, en va et vient, au cours duquel le galet vient rouler en appui contre la paroi du tube ;- A first movement, substantially rectilinear, back and forth, during which the roller comes to rest against the wall of the tube;
- un deuxième déplacement, dit d'avance, dont la résultante est sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction du premier déplacement, la déformation plastique du tube étant ainsi obtenue en au moins deux passes du galet presseur.- A second displacement, said in advance, the result of which is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the first displacement, the plastic deformation of the tube being thus obtained in at least two passes of the pressure roller.
Selon une caractéristique, le procédé comprend une étape de contrôle d'un paramètre choisi parmi le groupe comprenant : l'effort d'appui du galet presseur sur le tube, la position du galet lors de ses contacts avec le tube. L'invention se rapporte, selon un deuxième aspect, à une machine pour la mise en œuvre du procédé défini ci-dessus, cette machine comprenant des moyens de maintien temporaire d'au moins un tube en position prédéterminée et des moyens d'entraînement motorisé de galets presseurs suivant leur premier déplacement.According to one characteristic, the method comprises a step of controlling a parameter chosen from the group comprising: the bearing force of the pressure roller on the tube, the position of the roller during its contacts with the tube. The invention relates, according to a second aspect, to a machine for implementing the method defined above, this machine comprising means for temporarily holding at least one tube in a predetermined position and motorized drive means pressure rollers following their first movement.
Selon diverses réalisation, la machine présente les caractères suivants, éventuellement combinés :According to various embodiments, the machine has the following characters, possibly combined:
- elle comprend des moyens pour provoquer le deuxième déplacement, dit déplacement d'avance, du galet presseur, de manière contrôlée, ces moyens comprenant un moyen choisi parmi le groupe comprenant les ressorts, les actionneurs tels que vérins ;- It includes means for causing the second movement, called advance movement, of the pressure roller, in a controlled manner, these means comprising means chosen from the group comprising springs, actuators such as jacks;
- elle comprend un chariot motorisé porte galet, ce chariot étant entraîné en va et vient suivant ledit premier déplacement et étant monté mobile en rotation autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction de ce premier déplacement ;- It comprises a motorized roller carrier carriage, this carriage being driven back and forth along said first movement and being mounted movable in rotation about an axis substantially perpendicular to the direction of this first movement;
- elle comprend trois galets presseurs de diamètres sensiblement identiques dont les axes de rotation sont sensiblement alignés suivant la direction dudit premier déplacement en va et vient ;- It comprises three pressure rollers of substantially identical diameters whose axes of rotation are substantially aligned in the direction of said first movement back and forth;
- elle comprend des moyens d'asservissement du déplacement des galets presseurs en fonction d'au moins un paramètre choisi parmi le groupe comprenant : l'effort d'appui du galet presseur sur le tube, la position du galet lors de ses contacts avec le tube ;- It includes means for controlling the movement of the pressure rollers as a function of at least one parameter chosen from the group comprising: the pressure force of the pressure roller on the tube, the position of the roller during its contacts with the tube;
- l'asservissement est de type électro-hydraulique.- the servo is of electro-hydraulic type.
L'invention se rapporte, selon un troisième aspect, à un tube d'appui-tête obtenu par la mise en œuvre du procédé tel que défini auparavant.The invention relates, according to a third aspect, to a headrest tube obtained by implementing the method as defined above.
D'autres objets et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description suivante de modes de réalisations, description qui va être effectuée en se référant aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear during the following description of embodiments, which description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue de dessus d'une machine de crantage mettant en œuvre le procédé de l'invention, selon un mode de réalisation ; - la figure 2 est une vue latérale de la machine de la figure 1, selon la flèche II ;- Figure 1 is a top view of a notching machine implementing the method of the invention, according to one embodiment; - Figure 2 is a side view of the machine of Figure 1, according to arrow II;
- la figure 3 est une vue latérale de la machine de la figure 1, selon la flèche III. La description suivante va être effectuée en relation avec le crantage d'un tube en U du type de ceux employés conventionnellement pour les ossatures d'appuis-tête. Ainsi que le comprendra l'homme du métier, le procédé et le dispositif de l'invention permettent également la réalisation de crans sur d'autres types de tubes, tels que par exemple ceux employés pour les crémaillères ou les barres de support avec cliquet pour frein à main.- Figure 3 is a side view of the machine of Figure 1, according to arrow III. The following description will be made in relation to the notching of a U-shaped tube of the type used conventionally for the headrest frames. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the method and the device of the invention also allow the production of notches on other types of tubes, such as for example those used for racks or support bars with ratchet for hand brake.
Sur les figures, un tube 1, en U, est maintenu en position par des moyens 2 tels que matrice à gorge, dans le volume de travail d'une machine 3.In the figures, a U-shaped tube 1 is held in position by means 2 such as a grooved die in the working volume of a machine 3.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le tube 1 est introduit dans le volume V, par un mouvement selon la flèche F, les deux branches sensiblement parallèles 4,5 du tube 1 s'étendant suivant la direction Dl.In the embodiment shown, the tube 1 is introduced into the volume V, by a movement along the arrow F, the two substantially parallel branches 4,5 of the tube 1 extending in the direction Dl.
Cette direction Dl sera considérée verticale, dans la suite de cette description. Il est entendu toutefois que cette disposition n'est qu'arbitrairement employée, afin de simplification. En effet, ainsi que le comprendra l'homme du métier, le fonctionnement de la machine n'est en rien conditionné par la disposition de la direction Dl.This direction D1 will be considered vertical, in the rest of this description. It is understood, however, that this provision is only arbitrarily used, in order to simplify. Indeed, as will be understood by a person skilled in the art, the operation of the machine is in no way conditioned by the arrangement of the direction Dl.
Le maintien en position du tube dans ses gorges de réception pourra être obtenu à l'aide de moyens tels que des mâchoires de serrage, par exemple.Maintaining the position of the tube in its receiving grooves can be obtained using means such as clamping jaws, for example.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, le tube est de section sensiblement circulaire. Il est entendu toutefois que le procédé selon l'invention peut être mis en œuvre pour des tubes de section ovale ou polygonale.In the embodiment shown, the tube is of substantially circular section. It is understood, however, that the method according to the invention can be implemented for tubes of oval or polygonal section.
La machine 3 est pourvue de trois galets profilés 6,7,8, montés en rotation suivant la direction Dl.The machine 3 is provided with three profiled rollers 6,7,8, mounted in rotation in the direction Dl.
Dans une réalisation, ces trois galets 6,7,8 sont montés sur un chariot coulissant suivant la direction D2, ce chariot étant lui-même monté articulé suivant la direction Dl par rapport au bâti de la machine 3, bâti sur lequel est maintenu le tube 1 à cranter. Des moyens de mise sous pression contrôlée assurent l'appui des galets 6,7,8 sur le tube 1 à cranter.In one embodiment, these three rollers 6,7,8 are mounted on a carriage sliding in the direction D2, this carriage itself being mounted articulated in the direction Dl with respect to the frame of the machine 3, frame on which is maintained the tube 1 to be notched. Controlled pressurization means ensure the support of the rollers 6,7,8 on the tube 1 to be notched.
Dans une première mise en œuvre particulière, ces moyens comprennent un ressort de torsion monté sur l'axe 10. Dans une deuxième mise en œuvre particulière, ces moyens comprennent un ressort de compression monté entre une butée d'appui 11 et le châssis coulissant 12 supportant les galets 6,7,8, ce ressort étant schématisé par la référence 13 en figure 1. Ce ressort de compression 13 est, en variante, combiné au ressort de torsion monté sur l'axe 10 du chariot 12. En variante, un vérin simple effet est disposé en lieu et place du ressort 13.In a first particular implementation, these means comprise a torsion spring mounted on the axis 10. In a second particular implementation, these means comprise a compression spring mounted between a support stop 11 and the sliding frame 12 supporting the rollers 6,7,8, this spring being shown diagrammatically by the reference 13 in FIG. 1. This compression spring 13 is, as a variant, combined with the torsion spring mounted on the axis 10 of the carriage 12. As a variant, a single acting cylinder is arranged in place of the spring 13.
Les première et deuxième mises en œuvre mentionnées ci-dessus conduisent à un déplacement sensiblement rectiligne du chariot porte galet, suivant la direction D2.The first and second implementations mentioned above lead to a substantially rectilinear movement of the roller carrier carriage, in the direction D2.
La demanderesse a toutefois constaté qu'un tel mouvement sensiblement rectiligne pouvait conduire à des contraintes résiduelles importantes sur les encoches voire à de légers défauts de forme de ces encoches par suite d'une déformation plastique importante de la matière formant le tube 1.The Applicant has however noted that such a substantially rectilinear movement could lead to significant residual stresses on the notches or even to slight defects in the shape of these notches as a result of significant plastic deformation of the material forming the tube 1.
Aussi, dans une troisième mise en œuvre, le chariot 12 porte galets est commandé, dans son mouvement de rotation autour de l'axe de rotation 10, par un moyen tel qu'un vérin à double effet.Also, in a third implementation, the carriage 12 roller carrier is controlled, in its rotational movement about the axis of rotation 10, by means such as a double-acting cylinder.
La commande des mouvements de tige de vérin est effectuée, dans une variante, en fonction du déplacement du chariot. Dans une autre variante, la commande des mouvements de tige de vérin est effectuée en fonction de la contrainte subie par le chariot lors du passage d'un galet sur le tube 1, cette contrainte reflétant l'effort de déformation plastique subi par la matière du tube en cours de crantage 1.The actuator rod movements are controlled, as a variant, as a function of the movement of the carriage. In another variant, the actuation of the actuator rod movements is carried out as a function of the stress undergone by the carriage during the passage of a roller on the tube 1, this stress reflecting the plastic deformation force undergone by the material of the tube in the process of notching 1.
Il est ainsi possible de travailler en pression variable des galets sur le tubeIt is thus possible to work with variable pressure of the rollers on the tube
1, par exemple croissante puis sensiblement constante puis décroissante.1, for example increasing then substantially constant then decreasing.
L'homme du métier saura, pour une matière de tube déterminée, adapter expérimentalement le profil de pression offrant le compromis le plus adapté à ses besoins entre temps de fabrication et contraintes résiduelles. Les mouvements d'avance et recul du chariot portant les galets 6,7,8 sont motorisés et rapides, de l'ordre de plusieurs dizaines à plusieurs centaines de va et vient par minute.Those skilled in the art will be able, for a given tube material, to experimentally adapt the pressure profile offering the compromise most suited to its needs between manufacturing time and residual constraints. The forward and backward movements of the carriage carrying the rollers 6, 7, 8 are motorized and rapid, of the order of several tens to several hundred back and forth per minute.
La demanderesse a constaté que le procédé tel qu'il vient d'être décrit permet des gains extrêmement importants en productivité, par rapport aux procédés connus antérieurement, tout en assurant une grande régularité dans la forme des crans, la matière formant le tube n'étant pas amincie en fond d'encoche.The Applicant has found that the method as just described allows extremely significant gains in productivity, compared to the previously known methods, while ensuring great regularity in the shape of the notches, the material forming the tube does not not being thinned at the bottom of the notch.
La machine 3 peut comporter un, deux ou plus de deux galets. Les galets peuvent être profilés pour la réalisation d'une ou plusieurs encoches sur le tube.The machine 3 can have one, two or more than two rollers. The rollers can be profiled for producing one or more notches on the tube.
Les galets peuvent être disposés avec leurs axes de rotation sensiblement parallèles, comme représenté.The rollers can be arranged with their axes of rotation substantially parallel, as shown.
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, non représentés, les axes de rotation des galets ne sont pas alignés, par exemple pour la formation de crans négatifs. La position des axes de rotation des galets est asservie, dans une réalisation, à la position ou à la force du galet sur le tube à cranter.In other embodiments, not shown, the axes of rotation of the rollers are not aligned, for example for the formation of negative notches. The position of the axes of rotation of the rollers is controlled, in one embodiment, to the position or the force of the roller on the notched tube.
Le cas échéant, les galets peuvent être disposés selon plusieurs rangées sensiblement parallèles, de sorte à réaliser deux ou plus de deux encoches en même temps. Ainsi que comprendra aisément l'homme du métier, en bridant le tube 1 suivant un angle déterminé par rapport à la direction D3 de la figure 1, il est possible de disposer les crans suivant toute orientation : face interne du tube comme représenté en figure 1 du document FR-A-2 805 481, ou face externe du tube comme représenté dans le document FR-A-2 771 686, ou bien encore vers l'arrière de l'appui-tête comme représenté dans le document FR-A-2 764 850, ou vers l'avant de l'appui tête comme envisagé dans le document FR-A-2 758 296.If necessary, the rollers can be arranged in several substantially parallel rows, so as to make two or more than two notches at the same time. As will easily be understood by a person skilled in the art, by clamping the tube 1 at an angle determined relative to the direction D3 in FIG. 1, it is possible to arrange the notches in any orientation: internal face of the tube as shown in FIG. 1 of document FR-A-2 805 481, or external face of the tube as shown in document FR-A-2 771 686, or even towards the rear of the headrest as shown in document FR-A- 2 764 850, or towards the front of the headrest as envisaged in document FR-A-2 758 296.
Le procédé selon l'invention permet le crantage dans des temps très courts de tubes d'ossature d'appui-tête, de l'ordre de quelques secondes. The method according to the invention allows notching in very short time of headrest framework tubes, of the order of a few seconds.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de crantage d'un tube, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un mouvement de va et vient d'au moins un galet presseur, mouvement au cours duquel ce galet vient presser localement et déformer plastiquement la paroi du tube, le mouvement du galet presseur étant formé par la combinaison d'au moins deux déplacements à savoir : - un premier déplacement, sensiblement rectiligne, en va et vient, au cours duquel le galet vient rouler en appui contre la paroi du tube ; - un deuxième déplacement, dit d'avance, dont la résultante est sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction du premier déplacement, la déformation plastique du tube étant ainsi obtenue en au moins deux passes du galet presseur.1. A method of notching a tube, characterized in that it includes a back and forth movement of at least one pressure roller, movement during which this roller comes to locally press and plastically deform the wall of the tube, the movement the pressure roller being formed by the combination of at least two displacements, namely: - a first displacement, substantially rectilinear, back and forth, during which the roller comes to rest against the wall of the tube; - A second displacement, said in advance, the result of which is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the first displacement, the plastic deformation of the tube being thus obtained in at least two passes of the pressure roller.
2. Procédé de crantage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape de contrôle d'un paramètre choisi parmi le groupe comprenant : l'effort d'appui du galet presseur sur le tube, la position du galet lors de ses contacts avec le tube.2. notching method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a step of controlling a parameter chosen from the group comprising: the bearing force of the pressure roller on the tube, the position of the roller during its contacts with the tube.
3. Machine pour la mise en œuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des moyens de maintien temporaire d'au moins un tube (1) en position prédéterminée et des moyens d'entraînement motorisé de galets presseurs suivant leur premier déplacement3. Machine for implementing the method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises means for temporarily holding at least one tube (1) in a predetermined position and motorized drive means for rollers pressers following their first movement
4. Machine selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des moyens pour provoquer le deuxième déplacement, dit déplacement d'avance, du galet presseur, de manière contrôlée, ces moyens comprenant un moyen choisi parmi le groupe comprenant les ressorts, les actionneurs tels que vérins. 4. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises means for causing the second displacement, called advance movement, of the pressure roller, in a controlled manner, these means comprising a means chosen from the group comprising the springs, actuators such as cylinders.
5. Machine selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un chariot motorisé porte galet, ce chariot étant entraîné en va et vient suivant ledit premier déplacement et étant monté mobile en rotation autour d'un axe (10) sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction de ce premier déplacement.5. Machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that it comprises a motorized roller carriage, this carriage being driven back and forth along said first movement and being mounted movable in rotation about an axis (10) substantially perpendicular to the direction of this first displacement.
6. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend trois galets presseurs (6,7,8) de diamètres sensiblement identiques dont les axes de rotation sont sensiblement alignés suivant la direction dudit premier déplacement en va et vient.6. Machine according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that it comprises three pressure rollers (6,7,8) of substantially identical diameters whose axes of rotation are substantially aligned in the direction of said first movement in comes and goes.
7. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des moyens d'asservissement du déplacement des galets presseurs en fonction d'au moins un paramètre choisi parmi le groupe comprenant : l'effort d'appui du galet presseur sur le tube, la position du galet lors de ses contacts avec le tube.7. Machine according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that it comprises means for controlling the movement of the pressure rollers as a function of at least one parameter chosen from the group comprising: the effort of pressing of the pressure roller on the tube, the position of the roller when it contacts the tube.
8. Machine selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que l'asservissement est de type électro-hydraulique.8. Machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the control is of electro-hydraulic type.
9. Tube obtenu par la mise en œuvre du procédé selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est un tube d'armature d'appui-tête. 9. Tube obtained by the implementation of the method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it is a headrest armature tube.
PCT/FR2002/004181 2001-12-04 2002-12-04 Method and device for notching tubes and the tube thus obtained WO2003047784A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/497,561 US20050039512A1 (en) 2001-12-04 2002-12-04 Method and device for notching tubes and the tube thus obtained
JP2003549024A JP2005511307A (en) 2001-12-04 2002-12-04 Method and apparatus for tube notching and tube obtained by carrying out the method
BR0214453-0A BR0214453A (en) 2001-12-04 2002-12-04 Process and device for notching tubes and tubes obtained by using the process
EP02799773A EP1461170A1 (en) 2001-12-04 2002-12-04 Method and device for notching tubes and the tube thus obtained
AU2002364417A AU2002364417A1 (en) 2001-12-04 2002-12-04 Method and device for notching tubes and the tube thus obtained

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0115662A FR2832943B1 (en) 2001-12-04 2001-12-04 PROCESS, DEVICE FOR NOTCHING TUBES AND TUBE OBTAINED BY IMPLEMENTING THE PROCESS
FR01/15662 2001-12-04

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US (1) US20050039512A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1461170A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005511307A (en)
AU (1) AU2002364417A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0214453A (en)
FR (1) FR2832943B1 (en)
PL (1) PL368743A1 (en)
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FR2832943A1 (en) 2003-06-06
FR2832943B1 (en) 2004-03-12
JP2005511307A (en) 2005-04-28
US20050039512A1 (en) 2005-02-24
AU2002364417A1 (en) 2003-06-17
BR0214453A (en) 2004-11-03
EP1461170A1 (en) 2004-09-29
PL368743A1 (en) 2005-04-04

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