WO2003031901A1 - Ballistic impact resistant nano-denier fibrous woven sheet - Google Patents
Ballistic impact resistant nano-denier fibrous woven sheet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003031901A1 WO2003031901A1 PCT/US2002/012241 US0212241W WO03031901A1 WO 2003031901 A1 WO2003031901 A1 WO 2003031901A1 US 0212241 W US0212241 W US 0212241W WO 03031901 A1 WO03031901 A1 WO 03031901A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ballistic
- flexible sheet
- protection
- nano
- woven sheet
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004879 dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
- F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
Definitions
- This invention relates to the field of ultra-lightweight high performance ballistic impact resistant material.
- Ballistic resistant fibrous woven materials such as those made from aramid fibers (Kevlar) or polyethylene fibers (Spectra) are well-known. However, these materials are heavy, require lamination to optimize ballistic performance are not flexible and do not perform well against high velocity lightweight ballistic rounds such as a .270 cal. Furthermore, these materials, once laminated, have a large cross section, typically .40 inches to .60 inches for NIJ Level Ilia protection. Also of importance, the polyethylene fibers (Spectra) have a very low melting point, 150°, at which ballistic performance degrades significantly and is very susceptible to burning.
- Both the aramid fibers and polyethylene fiber laminates are found to exhibit sequential delamination, cut-out of a plug induced by through-the-thickness shear, and combined modes of shear and tensile failure of fibers. When subjected to the repeated impact of a constant striking ballistic velocity, a progressive growth of local delamination including gross failure of the composite will occur. In summary, these materials do not provide protection from multiple (2 or more) ballistic impacts in a localized area before failure.
- the present invention relates to a thin, ultra lightweight, flexible ballistic impact resistant material that can withstand multiple ballistic impacts within a localized area without failure.
- the material is comprised of fibrous structures containing nano-fibrils and other textile fibers. Nano-fibers are produced having a diameter of 4A to 1 nm, and a nano-denier of about 10 "9 .
- nano-fibrils are converted into linear assemblies (yams) and joined by weaving.
- the resulting textile material is layered in accordance with the design schematic formulated for the specific ballistic threat or threats that the application calls for.
- the woven sheet is actually comprised of multiple plies of the nano-fibril derived woven fabric layers, the variation of energy dissipating layers combined with impact resistant layers, and the unique process of joining these layers using multi-directional overlapping sewn seams and a high shear joining filament that contributes to the material's superior performance.
- the complex architecture described above also allows this material to be designed, developed and assembled to provide ballistic threat protection for a large variety of threat levels.
- the product can be optimized for high velocity lightweight ballistic rounds, lower velocity heavyweight ballistic rounds, and an equal number of variations of small shaped charge events.
- Figure X is the Final Assembly Stitch Pattern 1.
- Figure Y is the Core Stitch Pattern 2.
- A Puncture resistant woven nano-fibers
- the best mode for carrying out this invention is in a properly equipped facility.
- the nano-fibrils will require specialized equipment necessary to process the linear assemblies (yarns). This is accomplished using an electro-spinning process that joins the hybrid fibers to a core filament. These yarns are then woven together using varying weaves and material densities.
- the core of the sheet is comprised of a number of layers of these textile materials joined by sewing with the high shear filament.
- the inner core is then encapsulated by a number of outer layers. This entire assembly is then joined using high shear filament and high strength tightly sewn pattern.
- specialized equipment, and personnel suitably trained to execute the assembly the process has proven to be very efficient.
- This invention is specifically applicable to any and all applications that require or would benefit from a lightweight, infinitely adjustable, ballistic impact resistant thin, flexible sheet.
Abstract
The invention is a ballistic impact resistant nano-denier flexible, fibrous woven sheet. The invention provides NIJ Level IIIa protection at a weight of 0.90 Ib/ft2 and a thickness of 0.20 inches. The woven sheet is easily altered to provide a ballistic protection to a wide variety of ballistic threats. The alterations only require variance of ply-orientations, and joining architecture. Therefore, there is no direct correlation between higher threat protection and increased weights and densities. The nano-fibril derived materials, joining technologies and infinitely variable architecture are unique to this invention.
Description
BALLISTIC IMPACT RESISTANT NANO-DENIER FIBROUS WOVEN SHEET
I. TECHNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to the field of ultra-lightweight high performance ballistic impact resistant material.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
Ballistic resistant fibrous woven materials, such as those made from aramid fibers (Kevlar) or polyethylene fibers (Spectra) are well-known. However, these materials are heavy, require lamination to optimize ballistic performance are not flexible and do not perform well against high velocity lightweight ballistic rounds such as a .270 cal. Furthermore, these materials, once laminated, have a large cross section, typically .40 inches to .60 inches for NIJ Level Ilia protection. Also of importance, the polyethylene fibers (Spectra) have a very low melting point, 150°, at which ballistic performance degrades significantly and is very susceptible to burning.
Both the aramid fibers and polyethylene fiber laminates are found to exhibit sequential delamination, cut-out of a plug induced by through-the-thickness shear, and combined modes of shear and tensile failure of fibers. When subjected to the repeated impact of a constant striking ballistic velocity, a progressive growth of local delamination including gross failure of the composite will occur. In summary, these materials do not provide protection from multiple (2 or more) ballistic impacts in a localized area before failure.
As these materials are relied on to provide ballistic protection for a wide variety of applications including but not limited to vests; helmets; vehicles including but not limited to cars, trucks, aircraft, mass transit vehicles, and architecture structures. It is important to have a lightweight, flexible product that is capable of providing continuous ballistic protection even after receiving numerous localized ballistic impacts.
π. BACKGROUND ART
Refer to Drawings attached.
HI. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Summary
The present invention relates to a thin, ultra lightweight, flexible ballistic impact resistant material that can withstand multiple ballistic impacts within a localized area without failure. The material is comprised of fibrous structures containing nano-fibrils and other textile fibers. Nano-fibers are produced having a diameter of 4A to 1 nm, and a nano-denier of about 10"9.
These nano-fibrils are converted into linear assemblies (yams) and joined by weaving. The resulting textile material is layered in accordance with the design schematic formulated for the specific ballistic threat or threats that the application calls for. The woven sheet is actually comprised of multiple plies of the nano-fibril derived woven fabric layers, the variation of energy dissipating layers combined with impact resistant layers, and the unique process of joining these layers using multi-directional overlapping sewn seams and a high shear joining filament that contributes to the material's superior performance.
The complex architecture described above also allows this material to be designed, developed and assembled to provide ballistic threat protection for a large variety of threat levels. By varying materials, densities, and woven assembly, the product can be optimized for high velocity lightweight ballistic rounds, lower velocity heavyweight ballistic rounds, and an equal number of variations of small shaped charge events.
IV. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Figure X is the Final Assembly Stitch Pattern 1. Figure Y is the Core Stitch Pattern 2.
A = Puncture resistant woven nano-fibers
B = Puncture resistant woven nano-fibers
C = Puncture resistant woven nano-fibers
E = Separately assembled core blanket
F & D = Energy dissipating nano-fibers
V. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT INVENTION
The best mode for carrying out this invention is in a properly equipped facility. The nano-fibrils will require specialized equipment necessary to process the linear assemblies (yarns). This is accomplished using an electro-spinning process that joins the hybrid fibers to a core filament. These yarns are then woven together using varying weaves and material densities. The core of the sheet is comprised of a number of layers of these textile materials joined by sewing with the high shear filament. The inner core is then encapsulated by a number of outer layers. This entire assembly is then joined using high shear filament and high strength tightly sewn pattern. Using the detailed design drawings, specialized equipment, and personnel suitably trained to execute the assembly, the process has proven to be very efficient.
VI. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
This invention is specifically applicable to any and all applications that require or would benefit from a lightweight, infinitely adjustable, ballistic impact resistant thin, flexible sheet.
(1) Aerospace
(2) Automotive
(3) Mass Transit
(4) Architectural
(5) Military
Claims
(1 ) An anti-ballistic flexible sheet material fabricated using nano-fibrils.
(2) An anti-ballistic flexible sheet material that has infinitely variable architectures, and can be formulated to provide protection for specific ballistic impacts.
(3) An anti-ballistic flexible sheet material that has an inner core, encapsulated by outer layers.
(4) An anti-ballistic flexible sheet that is joined using high shear filaments, and a unique sewing process and pattern.
(5) An anti-ballistic flexible sheet that weighs only 0.90 lbs per foot square, for NIJ Level Ilia protection.
(6) An anti-ballistic flexible sheet that is .20 inches thick and provides NIJ Level Ilia protection.
(7) An anti-ballistic flexible sheet that is compliant with the FAA burn test requirements.
(8) An anti-ballistic flexible sheet that can withstand elevated temperatures of 350° for a continuous time without degradation of ballistic performance.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US32768401P | 2001-10-06 | 2001-10-06 | |
| US60/327,684 | 2001-10-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003031901A1 true WO2003031901A1 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
Family
ID=23277584
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2002/012241 WO2003031901A1 (en) | 2001-10-06 | 2002-04-15 | Ballistic impact resistant nano-denier fibrous woven sheet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2003031901A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6047399A (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2000-04-11 | Second Chance Body Armor, Inc. | Multi-component protective garment with composite strike face and woven base |
| US6106913A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2000-08-22 | Quantum Group, Inc | Fibrous structures containing nanofibrils and other textile fibers |
| EP1048335A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-02 | FiberMark Gessner GmbH & Co. | Dust filter bag containing nonwoven nanofiber fabric |
| US20010051367A1 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2001-12-13 | Ching-Hwa Kiang | Molecular nanowires from single walled carbon nanotubes |
-
2002
- 2002-04-15 WO PCT/US2002/012241 patent/WO2003031901A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6106913A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2000-08-22 | Quantum Group, Inc | Fibrous structures containing nanofibrils and other textile fibers |
| US6047399A (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2000-04-11 | Second Chance Body Armor, Inc. | Multi-component protective garment with composite strike face and woven base |
| US20010051367A1 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2001-12-13 | Ching-Hwa Kiang | Molecular nanowires from single walled carbon nanotubes |
| EP1048335A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-02 | FiberMark Gessner GmbH & Co. | Dust filter bag containing nonwoven nanofiber fabric |
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