WO2003025278A1 - Rope - Google Patents

Rope Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003025278A1
WO2003025278A1 PCT/JP2002/007653 JP0207653W WO03025278A1 WO 2003025278 A1 WO2003025278 A1 WO 2003025278A1 JP 0207653 W JP0207653 W JP 0207653W WO 03025278 A1 WO03025278 A1 WO 03025278A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
covering
rope
coating
covering material
twisted
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2002/007653
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ichirou Nakamura
Akihiro Omiya
Shota Iwakura
Masahiro Kusuda
Original Assignee
Hitachi, Ltd.
Tokyo Rope Mfg. Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo Rope Mfg. Co., Ltd. filed Critical Hitachi, Ltd.
Priority to EP02749376.6A priority Critical patent/EP1426482B8/en
Priority to JP2003528893A priority patent/JP4096879B2/en
Priority to KR1020047001272A priority patent/KR100611272B1/en
Publication of WO2003025278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003025278A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/165Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/162Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/005Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form characterised by their outer shape or surface properties
    • D07B5/006Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form characterised by their outer shape or surface properties by the properties of an outer surface polymeric coating
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1028Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
    • D07B2201/1036Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands nine or more strands respectively forming multiple layers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2065Reducing wear
    • D07B2401/207Reducing wear internally

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rope used for an elevator or a cargo handling machine.
  • the ride and the counterweight are connected by a rope, and the rope is driven by the frictional force generated between the rope wound around the sheave of the hoist and the drive ship.
  • a port on which a load is suspended is wound on a winding drum and driven.
  • the ropes used in conventional machines of this type are composed of a fiber rope impregnated with lubricating oil at the center, and a plurality of twisted steel strands around the core. It is a combined structure.
  • this rope is used by wrapping it around a small diameter chip or pulley, the life of the rope becomes extremely short due to fatigue and wear of the wire due to bending.
  • the coefficient of friction with the chip is small, it is difficult to secure the driving frictional force as the diameter of the chip becomes smaller.
  • the diameter of the sheave driven by friction is 40 times or more the rope diameter. That is, the drive torque is increased due to the large diameter of the sieve, and the size of the drive device is also increased.
  • this type of torque has been required for elevators and other devices, but with the increasing demand for space saving, there has been a growing demand for smaller component devices.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-82883 proposes a rope in which a lubricating protective layer is provided on a wire which is close to each other, which is further twisted to further cover the outside thereof. Disclosure of the invention
  • the strength member since the strength member has a smaller longitudinal elastic coefficient than the conventional wire port material, the longitudinal rigidity of the rope is reduced. For this reason, when the rope length is long, fluffy vibration of the car is likely to occur. In addition, it is an organic material, has low heat resistance, and tends to deteriorate over time. In addition, if the coil is wound around a small-diameter sieve and repeatedly bent, wear occurs between the wires and the life is shortened due to fatigue due to repeated stress. Further, the friction coefficient between the chip and the chip is so small that a slip occurs, so that a large driving force cannot be transmitted. There were problems such as.
  • the present invention solves these conventional drawbacks and provides a soft, appropriate friction coefficient and long-life cap.
  • the rope according to the present invention has a first coated structure in which a first structure formed by twisting metal strands is covered with a covering material as a core, and a metal strand is twisted around the core.
  • a plurality of second covering structures obtained by covering the constituted second structure with a covering material are arranged and twisted, and further, a plurality of the second covering structures arranged around the first covering structure are arranged around the first covering structure.
  • a third covering material for covering the periphery of the second covering structure was arranged, and the second covering material and the third covering material were joined.
  • joining is interpreted to include bonding by an adhesive, fusion of two substances by heating, and bonding by chemical treatment.
  • the structure or the first and second structures are formed by twisting metal strands, it is possible to form a rope having high rigidity and little aging. Since the wires are covered with a wire, the wires do not directly contact or slip, and a long-life mouth opening with excellent wear resistance can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing one embodiment of an elevator to which a rope according to the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a rope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a covering structure constituting the rope of FIG. Figure 4 is Figure 2 It is sectional drawing which shows other embodiment of the covering structure which comprises the rope of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the covering structure constituting the rope of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the covering structure constituting the mouthpiece of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a rope according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing one embodiment of an elevator to which a rope according to the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a rope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a covering
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a mouthpiece according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a detailed sectional view of the mouthpiece shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a detailed sectional view of the rope shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a detailed sectional view of the rope shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a rope according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an elevator to which a mouth according to the present invention is applied.
  • pulleys 5a and 5b for receiving ropes 10 are provided at the lower part of the car 1 that lifts passengers or luggage, and hangs when the car 1 is loaded with approximately 1/2 of the rated load.
  • a pulley 5 e for receiving the rope 10 is provided above the counterweight 2.
  • Pulleys 5c and 5d for receiving the rope 10 are provided at the top of the hoistway 7, and a driving device 3 having a sieve 3a is provided at the bottom.
  • the rope 10 according to the present invention passes from a rope receiver 6a provided at the top of the hoistway to pulleys 5a and 5b under the car and a pulley 5c at the top, and to the ship 3a of the driving device 3. It is rolled up. It then passes through the top pulley 5d, the counterweight pulley 5e, and ends at the top rope receiver 6b.
  • the rope 10 according to the present invention is flexible and has a large coefficient of friction between the coating and the sheave 3a, long life and reliable driving force transmission is possible even with a small sheave diameter.
  • a conventional sieve diameter of 13 to 1/2 can be realized.
  • the driving torque required for the driving device is also 1/3 to 1/2, so that the driving device can be significantly reduced in size.
  • the pulleys at the bottom of the car, at the top of the counterweight and at the top of the hoistway also have small diameters. Distance from the shaft to the shaft pit).
  • 1 2 is a first covering structure disposed at the center of the rope
  • 13 is a plurality of second covering structures disposed around the first covering structure 12
  • a covering 11 outer layer covering
  • the diameter is 1/100 to 1/15 of the rope diameter before coating, and the material is made of high-strength steel strands.
  • a coating structure inner layer coating is applied to the coating structure.
  • the covering material (inner layer) of the covering structures 12 and 13 is made of an organic material that has adhesiveness to the strands and has appropriate elasticity (thermoplastic).
  • the covering material (outer layer) of the covering rope is A (thermoplastic) organic material with an appropriate friction coefficient and abrasion resistance.
  • the rope 10 Since the rope 10 has a plurality of second covering structures 13 twisted around the center first covering structure 12, when the covering mouth 10 is repeatedly bent, each covering structure Since the radii of curvature are slightly different between the bodies 12 and 13, they slip mutually. In addition, when tension is applied to the coating port, the coating structure is twisted, so that a pressing force acts between the coating structures and the rope is wound around the sheave or pulley. A pressing force acts in the radial direction of the rope. Thus, under actual use conditions, surface pressure acts on each other between the rope covering structures, and mutual sliding occurs.
  • the covering structures 12 and 13 have no covering, the wires come into direct contact with each other and slip, resulting in wire wear.
  • the life of the rope is significantly shortened by reducing the diameter of the wire to realize the flexibility of the rope.
  • the covering of the covering structures 12 and 13 prevents direct contact of the wires between the structures. That is, since the covering material enters between the strands of the structural body and the strands of the adjacent structural body, there is no direct contact between these strands, and the abrasion of the strands can be suppressed.
  • surface pressure and relative slip occur between the coatings of adjacent structures, and the elasticity of the coating material reduces the surface pressure and relative slip, resulting in wear resistance. Greatly improve the performance.
  • the coating on the structure has the effect of alleviating the surface pressure acting between the wires of the adjacent structures. To increase this effect, it is desired to increase the coating thickness.
  • the coating thickness is unnecessarily thick, the area ratio of the strength member to the cross-sectional area of the structure becomes small. This means that the ratio of the strength member occupying the cross-sectional area of the rope formed by twisting this structure is reduced, and a rope having a wide cross-sectional area is obtained with the same strength.
  • the coating thickness should be as thin as possible to minimize the surface pressure between wires and relative slippage. By the way, 0.2 ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ is appropriate.
  • a gap 6 is provided between adjacent structures, and the covering material is formed between the covering structures when forming the outer layer covering.
  • the structure is easy to penetrate easily. As a result, not only the contact area of the outer coating 11 with the second coating structure 13 but also the contact area of the first coating structure 12 with the outer coating 11 is increased, and the inner coating and the outer coating are bonded or fused. Strength is improved.
  • the outer layer coating transmits the driving force by frictional force between the outer layer coating and the sheave. This means that the coating material must be worn, and the coating material used for the outer layer must have appropriate hardness and thickness in order to improve the wear resistance.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific structure of the covering structure 12 or 13.
  • a covering structure 20 is obtained by forming a structure 22 by twisting a plurality of strands 21 and covering the outside with a covering 23.
  • the diameter of the strand 21 is as described above. It should be 1/15 to 1/100 of the mouth diameter before coating the outer layer.
  • the structure of the structure is (1 + 6 + 12) (two-layer winding) and 19 strands are arranged in parallel. With this structure, the contact between the wires becomes line contact, and the contact pressure between the wires is less than the point contact against the longitudinal load and the radial load acting on the rope. Is performed.
  • the covering 23 When applying the covering 23 to the structure 22 in which the strands 21 are twisted, wash the structure 22 with a cleaning agent, apply adhesive, and form the covering material 23, or use a method suitable for the strand. The surface treatment is applied, the coating is molded, and the wire surface is chemically bonded to the coating. For example, there is a method in which the wire is brassed, a coating material containing sulfur is formed on the structure 22, and the plating component on the wire surface and the coating material component are chemically bonded by vulcanization.
  • the wires located on the outer layer of the structure 22 are adhered to the covering and are restrained, but the wires located inside are not restrained from moving. This means that the resistance is small even when bent to a small radius of curvature, and a flexible rope can be realized. Even in this case, the wires are in direct contact with each other but are arranged in parallel. The contact area is large, the surface pressure is small, and the wire diameter is small. Since it is minute, a long life can be ensured.
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the covering structure 12 or 13.
  • the same symbols indicate the same parts.
  • a large number of strands may be required due to the small diameter of the strands.
  • the structure of such a structure is shown.
  • the structure is (1 + 6 + 12 + 18) (three-layer winding) and 37 strands are twisted together Is shown. As the number of strands increases, it becomes difficult to twist the strands at the same pitch as shown in Fig.3.
  • This figure shows a case where the twisting pitch of the strands of each layer is shifted little by little so that the cross section can easily maintain a circular shape.
  • the strands are parallel and the intersection angle of the strands is zero, but in this embodiment, the twist angle is slightly shifted in each layer, so that the intersection angle cannot be zero.
  • the intersection angle of the strands is small, and the contact length between the strands in the structure can be lengthened and the wear resistance of the strands can be improved. is there.
  • the structure can be maintained while maintaining a substantially circular cross-sectional shape, and the wear resistance is improved. This good manufacturability has the effect of reducing the cost of the finished rope.
  • Figure 5 shows the implementation of the coated structure 30 when more strands need to be twisted.
  • a central structure 35 consisting of a plurality of twisted strands 31 is centered, and seven surrounding structures 34 of the same structure are arranged around it.
  • the whole structure 32 is formed by twisting and twisting, and a coating 33 is applied to the outer periphery of the whole structure 32 to form a coating structure 30. That is, the entire structure 32 is formed by twisting seven structures 22 shown in FIG. 3, and the outer surface thereof is covered.
  • the embodiment shows a case where seven of the structures 22 shown in FIG. 3 are twisted, the present invention is not limited to this structure.
  • the wires are in direct contact between the adjacent surrounding structure 34 and the central structure 35, so that the wire is more abrasion resistant than the above-mentioned structure (Figs. 3 and 4). Although it is inferior, it is a structure that is suitable for the requirements of flexible and high-strength ropes. Further, even if the wires are in direct contact between the surrounding structures 34, the distance from the center of the central structure 35 is short, so that the relative sliding distance between the wires is short and the wear is small. Therefore, this structure is preferably applied to the core structure 12 having a short distance from the center of the rope.
  • FIGS. 6 and 10 show a structure obtained by twisting seven covering structures 20 covering the structure 22 of FIG. That is, the single coated structure 41 is twisted to form a structure 42, and a coating 43 is applied to the outside of the structure 42 to form an entire coated structure 40. By doing so, wire contact between adjacent single coated structures 41 is eliminated, and the wear resistance of the wire is significantly improved. On the other hand, the ratio of the strength member to the cross-sectional area of the covering and the rope cross-sectional area of the covering structure 41 decreases, and the strength per unit cross-sectional area decreases. For this reason, the coating thickness should be as small as possible to reduce the surface pressure and relative slip between wires, and should be as thin as possible. This structure is selected based on the strength, dimensions and life of the coated rope.
  • FIG. 7 and 11 show another embodiment of the rope structure. Basically the same as the embodiment of FIG. 2, except that eight covering structures 13 are arranged around the core covering structure 12 and twisted, and the covering 11 is applied to the outside. Structure.
  • the core and surrounding covering structures 12, 13 are similar to the covering structure of FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows still another embodiment, in which a single coated structure 51 is twisted.
  • a coating 53 is applied to the structure 52 thus formed to form a rope as a whole coating structure 50.
  • the rope with this structure has less design restrictions than the above-mentioned rope, and the degree of freedom in design is expanded.
  • the single-coated structure serving as the core and the single-coated structure disposed on the outer periphery thereof
  • FIG. 12 shows still another embodiment. Basically, it is the same as the embodiment of FIG. 7, except that a core covering structure 12 is formed by twisting a strand 21 around a core steel 24. As a result, it is possible to realize a covering structure having a desired large diameter without extremely increasing the number of wires.
  • the force is transmitted to the outer layer coating, the inner layer coating structure (strength member), and between the inner layer coating and the outer layer coating, Alternatively, the force is transmitted without slipping between the inner coating and the structure, and the car can be driven.
  • the wire is subjected to surface treatment, and a chemical reaction occurs between the components of the covering material that covers the outside of the wire and the components on the surface of the wire.
  • a chemical reaction occurs between the components of the covering material that covers the outside of the wire and the components on the surface of the wire.
  • the purpose of the inner layer coating is to prevent the wires of adjacent structures from coming into contact with each other.To increase the cross-sectional area of the strength members in the cross-sectional area of the rope and to make a small-diameter ' ⁇ strength rope, It is better to make it as thin as possible within the range that can achieve. For that purpose, the range of 0.2-0.5 thigh is good.
  • the purpose of the outer layer coating is to transmit the power from the sheave to the strength member of the rope, and to reduce the abrasion due to long-term contact with the sieve.The thickness is sufficient to withstand the abrasion. is necessary. For that purpose, the range of 5 to 1.0 mm is good considering the various conditions in which the mouth is used.
  • the metal wire having a small diameter is used, not only the rigidity is high and there is no aging deterioration, but also the flexibility is excellent and the small diameter When using it wound around, no excessive force acts on the strength member.
  • the structure is made by twisting metal wires and the coated structure is twisted into a rope, so the wires do not directly contact or slip between the structures, resulting in abrasion resistance. Excellent long life can be achieved.
  • the coated structure is coated on a twisted rope to form a rope, the coefficient of friction with the sieve can be made appropriate, and the abrasion of the inner layer coating and the wire can be prevented. Since the coating applied to the structure and the coating applied to the rope are separate, a two-layer coating structure is used, so that the material can be optimized to achieve the functions required for each coating, improving design flexibility and improving manufacturing. Can be realized.
  • the rope according to the present invention can optimize the friction coefficient between the rope and the sheep even when used with a small-diameter sheep, and can achieve a long service life. Can be As a result, it is possible to realize an elevator that is space-saving and has a long rope replacement cycle. As a result, it is possible to reduce the maintenance cost as well as the initial cost of the elevator.
  • the metallic wires are twisted, not only the rope having high rigidity and little aging can be obtained, but also the wires are covered with the covering material so that the wires are in direct contact with each other. It is possible to provide a long-life mouthpiece with excellent non-slip abrasion resistance.

Landscapes

  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

A flexible rope with an appropriate coefficient of friction and long service life, comprising a plurality of stranded covered structures (20) each of which is formed by covering a structure (22) constituted by stranding metal strands (21) by a covering material (23).

Description

明 細 書  Specification
ロープ 背景技術 Rope background technology
本発明はエレべ一夕や荷役機械に用いられるロープに関する。  The present invention relates to a rope used for an elevator or a cargo handling machine.
エレべ一夕は、 乗りかごと釣合い錘をロープで結合し、 このロープを巻き上げ 機のシーブに巻き掛けたロープと駆動シ一プとの間に生じる摩擦力で駆動してい る。 又エレべ一夕でも巻胴式のもの或いは荷役機械では負荷を吊るした口一プを 卷胴に巻き取って駆動している。  In the elevator, the ride and the counterweight are connected by a rope, and the rope is driven by the frictional force generated between the rope wound around the sheave of the hoist and the drive ship. In addition, in the case of the elevator, even in the case of a winding drum type or a cargo handling machine, a port on which a load is suspended is wound on a winding drum and driven.
従来のこの種の機械に使用されているロープは、 中心に潤滑油を含浸させた繊 維ロープを芯として配置し、 その周囲に鋼素線を撚り合せて構成した構造体を複 数本撚り合せた構造である。 このロープでは、 小径のシ一プやプーリに卷きかけ て使用する場合、 屈曲に伴う素線の疲労や摩耗によりロープの寿命が極端に短く なる。 又、 シ一プとの間の摩擦係数が小さい為に、 小径シ一ブになるほど駆動摩 擦力の確保が難しくなる。  The ropes used in conventional machines of this type are composed of a fiber rope impregnated with lubricating oil at the center, and a plurality of twisted steel strands around the core. It is a combined structure. When this rope is used by wrapping it around a small diameter chip or pulley, the life of the rope becomes extremely short due to fatigue and wear of the wire due to bending. In addition, since the coefficient of friction with the chip is small, it is difficult to secure the driving frictional force as the diameter of the chip becomes smaller.
このため、 摩擦駆動をするシープの直径はロープ直径の 4 0倍以上を採用して いる。 即ちシ一ブ径が大きいために駆動トルクが大きくなり、 したがって、 駆動 装置の寸法も大きくなっている。 これまではこのトルクは必要だとしてエレべ一 夕等が設計されてきたが、 省スペースの要求が強まるに伴って、 要素機器の小形 化の要求が強まっている。  For this reason, the diameter of the sheave driven by friction is 40 times or more the rope diameter. That is, the drive torque is increased due to the large diameter of the sieve, and the size of the drive device is also increased. Until now, this type of torque has been required for elevators and other devices, but with the increasing demand for space saving, there has been a growing demand for smaller component devices.
これに対し、 ロープを使用するときのシ一プ径を小さくする新しいロープが提 案されている。 例えば、 特開平 0 7— 2 6 7-5 3 4号では有機繊維を強度部材と して使用し、 この有機繊維が 1 0数/ zmであることから、ロープの曲率半径を小さ くしても強度部材の疲労は発生せず長寿命が維持できるとしている。  On the other hand, new ropes have been proposed to reduce the diameter of the rope when using ropes. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-267-534, an organic fiber is used as a strength member, and since this organic fiber has a number of 10 / zm, even if the radius of curvature of the rope is reduced, It is said that long life can be maintained without fatigue of the strength member.
また、 特開平 3— 8 2 8 8 3には、 寄り合わせたワイヤ一に潤滑の保護層を設 け、 それを更に撚り合わせてその外側を更に被覆したロープが提案されている。 発明の開示 Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-82883 proposes a rope in which a lubricating protective layer is provided on a wire which is close to each other, which is further twisted to further cover the outside thereof. Disclosure of the invention
上記提案されたものでは、 強度部材は従来のワイヤ口一プ材に比べて縦弾性係 数が小さいので、 ロープの縦剛性が小さくなる。 このために、 ロープ長が長くな つたとき乗りかごのフワフヮ振動を生じやすい。 また有機材料であり耐熱性が低 く、 経年劣化も生じ易い。 また、 小径のシ一ブに捲きかけて屈曲を繰り返すと素 線間で摩耗を生じ且つ繰返し応力による疲労のために寿命が短くなる。 更にシ一 プとの間の摩擦係数が小さくすべりを生じて大きな駆動力を伝達できない。 等の 問題があった。  In the above-mentioned proposal, since the strength member has a smaller longitudinal elastic coefficient than the conventional wire port material, the longitudinal rigidity of the rope is reduced. For this reason, when the rope length is long, fluffy vibration of the car is likely to occur. In addition, it is an organic material, has low heat resistance, and tends to deteriorate over time. In addition, if the coil is wound around a small-diameter sieve and repeatedly bent, wear occurs between the wires and the life is shortened due to fatigue due to repeated stress. Further, the friction coefficient between the chip and the chip is so small that a slip occurs, so that a large driving force cannot be transmitted. There were problems such as.
本発明はこれらの従来の欠点を解決し、 柔軟、 適正摩擦係数で且つ長寿命の口 —プを提供するにある。  The present invention solves these conventional drawbacks and provides a soft, appropriate friction coefficient and long-life cap.
本発明におけるロープは、 金属製素線を撚り合せて構成した第一の構造体を被 覆材により被覆した第一の被覆構造体を芯とし、 その周囲に、 金属製素線を撚り 合せて構成した第二の構造体を被覆材により被覆した第二の被覆構造体を複数本 配置して撚り合せ、 更に、 該第一の被覆構造体を中心としてその周囲に配置され た複数の前記第二の被覆構造体の周囲を被覆する第三の被覆材を配置し、 前記第 二の被覆材と前記第三の被覆材が接合するように構成した。  The rope according to the present invention has a first coated structure in which a first structure formed by twisting metal strands is covered with a covering material as a core, and a metal strand is twisted around the core. A plurality of second covering structures obtained by covering the constituted second structure with a covering material are arranged and twisted, and further, a plurality of the second covering structures arranged around the first covering structure are arranged around the first covering structure. A third covering material for covering the periphery of the second covering structure was arranged, and the second covering material and the third covering material were joined.
ここで接合とは、接着剤による接着や、二つの物質が加熱により融着、そ して化学的処理による結合等、 を含むように解釈される。  Here, the term "joining" is interpreted to include bonding by an adhesive, fusion of two substances by heating, and bonding by chemical treatment.
このように、 前記構造体或いは第一、 第二の構造体を、 金属製素線を撚り合わ せ構成したため、 剛性が高く、 経年変化の少ないロープとすることができるばか りか、 これを被覆材で被覆するようにしたため、 素線が直接接触、 滑ることのな ぃ耐摩耗性に優れた長寿命の口一プを提供できる。 図面の簡単な説明  As described above, since the structure or the first and second structures are formed by twisting metal strands, it is possible to form a rope having high rigidity and little aging. Since the wires are covered with a wire, the wires do not directly contact or slip, and a long-life mouth opening with excellent wear resistance can be provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
図 1は、 本発明になるロープを適用したエレべ一夕の一実施例を示す全体構成 図である。 図 2は本発明の一実施形態になるロープを示す断面図である。 図 3は 図 2のロープを構成する被覆構造体の一実施形態を示す断面図である。図 4は図 2 のロープを構成する被覆構造体の他の実施形態を示す断面図である。 図 5は図 2 のロープを構成する被覆構造体の更に他の実施形態を示す断面図である。 図 6は 図 2の口一プを構成する被覆構造体の更に他の実施形態を示す断面図である。図 7 は本発明の他の実施形態にロープの断面図である。 図 8は本発明の更に他の実施 形態になる口一プの断面図である。図 9は図 2に示す口一プの詳細断面図である。 図 1 0は図 6に示すロープの詳細断面図である。 図 1 1は図 7に示すロープの詳 細断面図である。 図 1 2は本発明の更に他の実施形態になるロープの断面図であ ο 発明を実施するための最良の形態 FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing one embodiment of an elevator to which a rope according to the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a rope according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a covering structure constituting the rope of FIG. Figure 4 is Figure 2 It is sectional drawing which shows other embodiment of the covering structure which comprises the rope of FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the covering structure constituting the rope of FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the covering structure constituting the mouthpiece of FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a rope according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a mouthpiece according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a detailed sectional view of the mouthpiece shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a detailed sectional view of the rope shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a detailed sectional view of the rope shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a rope according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
図 1は本発明になる口一プを適用したエレべ一夕の一実施例を示す全体構成図 である。  FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an elevator to which a mouth according to the present invention is applied.
図 1において、 乗客あるいは荷物をはこぶ乗りかご 1の下部には、 ロープ 1 0 を受けるプーリ 5 a、 5 bを設け、 乗りかご 1に定格のほぼ 1 / 2の荷重が積載 されたとき吊り合う釣合い錘 2の上部には、 ロープ 1 0を受けるプーリ 5 eを設 ける。  In Fig. 1, pulleys 5a and 5b for receiving ropes 10 are provided at the lower part of the car 1 that lifts passengers or luggage, and hangs when the car 1 is loaded with approximately 1/2 of the rated load. A pulley 5 e for receiving the rope 10 is provided above the counterweight 2.
昇降路 7の頂部にはロープ 1 0を受けるプーリ 5 c、 5 dを設け、 また下部に はシ一ブ 3 aを持つ駆動装置 3を設ける。 本発明になるロープ 1 0は、 昇降路頂 部に設けたロープ受け 6 aから乗りかご下のプーリ 5 a、 5 b、頂部のプーリ 5 c を通り、 駆動装置 3のシ一プ 3 aに捲きかけられる。 更に頂部のプーリ 5 d、 釣 合い錘のプーリ 5 eを通り、 頂部のロープ受け 6 bで終わる。  Pulleys 5c and 5d for receiving the rope 10 are provided at the top of the hoistway 7, and a driving device 3 having a sieve 3a is provided at the bottom. The rope 10 according to the present invention passes from a rope receiver 6a provided at the top of the hoistway to pulleys 5a and 5b under the car and a pulley 5c at the top, and to the ship 3a of the driving device 3. It is rolled up. It then passes through the top pulley 5d, the counterweight pulley 5e, and ends at the top rope receiver 6b.
本発明になるロープ 1 0は柔軟で、 且つ被覆とシーブ 3 aとの間の摩擦係数が 大きいので、 シーブ径が小径でも長寿命且つ確実な駆動力伝達が可能である。例 えばシ一ブ径は従来の 1 3〜 1 / 2が実現できる。このことは駆動装置に要求さ れる駆動トルクも 1 /3〜1 / 2になる為に、駆動装置が大幅に小型化できる。更 にかご下、 釣合い錘上部及び昇降路頂部のプーリ類も同様に小径になるので、 ォ 一バーヘッド (最上階の床から昇降路天井までの距離) やピット深さ (最下階床 から昇降路ピットまでの距離) を短縮できる。 Since the rope 10 according to the present invention is flexible and has a large coefficient of friction between the coating and the sheave 3a, long life and reliable driving force transmission is possible even with a small sheave diameter. For example, a conventional sieve diameter of 13 to 1/2 can be realized. This means that the driving torque required for the driving device is also 1/3 to 1/2, so that the driving device can be significantly reduced in size. Furthermore, the pulleys at the bottom of the car, at the top of the counterweight and at the top of the hoistway also have small diameters. Distance from the shaft to the shaft pit).
図 2及び図 9は本発明になるロープの断面構造を示す図である。 1 2はロープ 1 0の中心に配置する第一の被覆構造体、 1 3は第一の被覆構造体 1 2の周囲に配 置する複数の第二の被覆構造体で、 これら複数の第一、 第二の被覆構造体 1 2、 1 3を撚り合せ、 その外側に被覆 1 1 (外層被覆) を施し、 ロープ 1 0とする。被 覆構造体 1 2及び 1 3では、その直径が被覆前のロープ径の 1/100〜1/15のもので、 材質は高張力鋼の素線を使い、 この細径素線の集合体に被覆 (内層被覆) を施し て被覆構造体を構成する。 細径素線を使うことで、 ロープの柔軟性を実現し、 小 径シープゃプーリに捲き掛けることを容易にする。  2 and 9 are views showing a cross-sectional structure of the rope according to the present invention. 1 2 is a first covering structure disposed at the center of the rope 10, 13 is a plurality of second covering structures disposed around the first covering structure 12, Then, the second covering structures 12 and 13 are twisted, and a covering 11 (outer layer covering) is applied to the outside thereof, thereby forming a rope 10. For the covered structures 12 and 13, the diameter is 1/100 to 1/15 of the rope diameter before coating, and the material is made of high-strength steel strands. A coating structure (inner layer coating) is applied to the coating structure. The use of small-diameter wires realizes the flexibility of the rope and makes it easy to wind around small-diameter sheep and pulleys.
被覆構造体 1 2、 1 3の被覆材(内層) は、 素線との接着力があり、 適度の弾性 がある (熱可塑性) 有機材料とし、 被覆ロープの被覆材 (外層) はシープとの摩 擦係数が適切で、 且つ耐摩耗性のある (熱可塑性) 有機材料とする。  The covering material (inner layer) of the covering structures 12 and 13 is made of an organic material that has adhesiveness to the strands and has appropriate elasticity (thermoplastic). The covering material (outer layer) of the covering rope is A (thermoplastic) organic material with an appropriate friction coefficient and abrasion resistance.
ロープ 1 0は中心の第一の被覆構造体 1 2の周りに複数の第二の被覆構造体 1 3が撚り合わされているので、 被覆口一プ 1 0が屈曲を繰り返されると、 各被覆 構造体 1 2、 1 3間では少しづつ曲率半径が異なるので、 相互に滑りを生じる。 また被覆口―プに張力が作用すると被覆構造体が撚り合わされている事により 被覆構造体間に相互の間の押付け力が作用し、 更にロープがシ一ブやプーリに捲 きかけられることでロープの半径方向に押付け力が作用する。 このように実使用 条件下では、 ロープの被覆構造体間にはお互いに面圧が作用し、 且つ相互滑りを 生じる。  Since the rope 10 has a plurality of second covering structures 13 twisted around the center first covering structure 12, when the covering mouth 10 is repeatedly bent, each covering structure Since the radii of curvature are slightly different between the bodies 12 and 13, they slip mutually. In addition, when tension is applied to the coating port, the coating structure is twisted, so that a pressing force acts between the coating structures and the rope is wound around the sheave or pulley. A pressing force acts in the radial direction of the rope. Thus, under actual use conditions, surface pressure acts on each other between the rope covering structures, and mutual sliding occurs.
このため、被覆構造体 1 2、 13に被覆がない場合には素線同士が直接接触して 滑り、素線摩耗を生じる。ロープの柔軟性を実現する為に素線径を細くした為に、 ロープの寿命を著しく短くする。被覆構造体 1 2及び 1 3の被覆は、 構造体間の 素線の直接接触を防止するものである。 即ち、 構造体の素線と隣接する構造体の 素線との間に被覆材が入ることで、 これらの素線間には直接接触することがなく なり、 素線摩耗を抑制できる。 しかし隣接する構造体の被覆間には面圧及び相対 滑りが生じるが、 被覆材の弾性によりこの面圧及び相対滑りが緩和され、 耐摩耗 性を大幅に向上させる。 For this reason, when the covering structures 12 and 13 have no covering, the wires come into direct contact with each other and slip, resulting in wire wear. The life of the rope is significantly shortened by reducing the diameter of the wire to realize the flexibility of the rope. The covering of the covering structures 12 and 13 prevents direct contact of the wires between the structures. That is, since the covering material enters between the strands of the structural body and the strands of the adjacent structural body, there is no direct contact between these strands, and the abrasion of the strands can be suppressed. However, surface pressure and relative slip occur between the coatings of adjacent structures, and the elasticity of the coating material reduces the surface pressure and relative slip, resulting in wear resistance. Greatly improve the performance.
構造体への被覆は、 隣接する構造体の素線間に働く面圧どォ目対滑りを緩和させ る効果がある。 この効果を大きくする為には被覆厚さを大きくしたい。 反面この 被覆厚さが必要以上に厚いと、 構造体の断面積に占める強度部材の面積比率が小 さくなる。 このことは、 この構造体を撚り合せて構成するロープの断面積に占め る強度部材比率が小さくなり、 同じ強度なら断面積の広いロープになる。 このた め、 被覆厚さは素線間面圧と相対滑りの緩和に必要な最小限の厚さとして、 極力 薄くする。 ちなみに 0. 2〜0. 5麵が適当である。  The coating on the structure has the effect of alleviating the surface pressure acting between the wires of the adjacent structures. To increase this effect, it is desired to increase the coating thickness. On the other hand, if the coating thickness is unnecessarily thick, the area ratio of the strength member to the cross-sectional area of the structure becomes small. This means that the ratio of the strength member occupying the cross-sectional area of the rope formed by twisting this structure is reduced, and a rope having a wide cross-sectional area is obtained with the same strength. For this reason, the coating thickness should be as thin as possible to minimize the surface pressure between wires and relative slippage. By the way, 0.2 ~ 0.5 麵 is appropriate.
第一の被覆構造体 1 2の周囲に配置する第二の被覆構造体 1 3ではお互いの隣 接する構造体間には隙間 6を設け、 外層被覆を成形する時被覆材が、 被覆構造体 間にも容易に浸透しやすい構造にしている。 これにより、 外層被覆 11は、 第二の 被覆構造体 1 3との接触面積は勿論、第一の被覆構造体 1 2との接触面積が拡大し、 内層被覆と外層被覆の接着或 は融着強度が向上する。  In the second covering structure 13 disposed around the first covering structure 12, a gap 6 is provided between adjacent structures, and the covering material is formed between the covering structures when forming the outer layer covering. The structure is easy to penetrate easily. As a result, not only the contact area of the outer coating 11 with the second coating structure 13 but also the contact area of the first coating structure 12 with the outer coating 11 is increased, and the inner coating and the outer coating are bonded or fused. Strength is improved.
外層被覆はシーブとの間の摩擦力により駆動力を伝達する。 このことは被覆材 の摩耗を余儀なくされることを意味しており、 外層に用いる被覆材は耐摩耗性を 向上させるために、 適度の硬度と厚みを持たせる。  The outer layer coating transmits the driving force by frictional force between the outer layer coating and the sheave. This means that the coating material must be worn, and the coating material used for the outer layer must have appropriate hardness and thickness in order to improve the wear resistance.
図 3は被覆構造体 1 2、或いは 1 3の具体的な構造を示す図である。素線 2 1を 複数本撚り合せて構造体 2 2を構成し、 その外側に被覆 2 3を施した被覆構造体 2 0である。 ここで、 素線 2 1の直径は前述のように。 外層被覆前の口一プ径の 1 / 1 5〜1 / 1 0 0とする。 この実施例の場合は構造体の構成を (1 + 6 + 1 2 ) として (2層捲き)、 1 9本の素線を平行に並べた場合を示している。 このような 構造にすることにより素線間の接触は線接触になり、 ロープに作用する長さ方向 荷重及び半径方向荷重に対して、 素線間の接触面圧が点接触に比較して緩和され る。 構造体 2 2を構成する素線径が小径であるので、 ロープの屈曲に伴う構造体 内の素線間の相対滑り距離が小さくなる。 このことは、 素線の摩耗量を決定する 面圧と滑り距離の積(一般に P V値と言う)を小さくし、素線摩耗を抑制できる。 また素線径が小さいので、 ロープの屈曲に伴う素線の疲労も緩和できる。 素線 2 1を撚り合わせた構造体 2 2に被覆 2 3を施す時、 構造体 2 2を洗浄剤 で洗浄し、 接着剤塗布後被覆材 2 3を成形する方法、 或いは素線に適切な表面処 理を施し、 被覆材を成形して化学的に素線表面と被覆材を結合する。 例えば、 素 線をブラスメツキしておき、 構造体 2 2に硫黄を含む被覆材を成形して、 加硫に より素線表面のメツキ成分と被覆材成分を化学結合させる方法がある。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific structure of the covering structure 12 or 13. A covering structure 20 is obtained by forming a structure 22 by twisting a plurality of strands 21 and covering the outside with a covering 23. Here, the diameter of the strand 21 is as described above. It should be 1/15 to 1/100 of the mouth diameter before coating the outer layer. In this embodiment, the structure of the structure is (1 + 6 + 12) (two-layer winding) and 19 strands are arranged in parallel. With this structure, the contact between the wires becomes line contact, and the contact pressure between the wires is less than the point contact against the longitudinal load and the radial load acting on the rope. Is performed. Since the diameters of the wires constituting the structure 22 are small, the relative sliding distance between the wires in the structure accompanying the bending of the rope is reduced. This makes it possible to reduce the product (generally referred to as the PV value) of the surface pressure and the sliding distance that determines the amount of wire abrasion, thereby suppressing wire abrasion. In addition, since the strand diameter is small, fatigue of the strand due to the bending of the rope can be reduced. When applying the covering 23 to the structure 22 in which the strands 21 are twisted, wash the structure 22 with a cleaning agent, apply adhesive, and form the covering material 23, or use a method suitable for the strand. The surface treatment is applied, the coating is molded, and the wire surface is chemically bonded to the coating. For example, there is a method in which the wire is brassed, a coating material containing sulfur is formed on the structure 22, and the plating component on the wire surface and the coating material component are chemically bonded by vulcanization.
構造体 2 2の外層に位置する素線は被覆と接着されていて拘束されているが、 その内部に位置する素線はその動きを拘束されていない。 このことは小さな曲率 半径に曲げても抵抗が小さいことを意味しており、 柔軟なロープを実現できる。 この場合でも、 素線間では直接接触しているが平行配置であり、 接触面積が大き く取れて面圧が小さいこと、 及び素線径が小さいので、 ロープの屈曲による素線 間の滑りも微小であることから、 長寿命を確保できる。  The wires located on the outer layer of the structure 22 are adhered to the covering and are restrained, but the wires located inside are not restrained from moving. This means that the resistance is small even when bent to a small radius of curvature, and a flexible rope can be realized. Even in this case, the wires are in direct contact with each other but are arranged in parallel.The contact area is large, the surface pressure is small, and the wire diameter is small. Since it is minute, a long life can be ensured.
図 4は被覆構造体 1 2、或いは 1 3の別な実施例である。同一記号は同じ部品を 表示している。 比較的大きなロープ強度を必要とする場合、 素線の径が小さい為 に、 多くの素線本数を必要とする場合がある。 この実施例では、 そのような場合 の構造体の構成を示しており、 構成を (1 + 6 + 1 2 + 1 8 ) として (3層捲き)、 3 7本の素線を撚り合わせた場合を示している。 素線本数が多くなると、 図 3に 示すように各素線を同じピッチで撚り合わせることが困難になる。  FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the covering structure 12 or 13. The same symbols indicate the same parts. When relatively large rope strength is required, a large number of strands may be required due to the small diameter of the strands. In this embodiment, the structure of such a structure is shown. In the case where the structure is (1 + 6 + 12 + 18) (three-layer winding) and 37 strands are twisted together Is shown. As the number of strands increases, it becomes difficult to twist the strands at the same pitch as shown in Fig.3.
この図では各層の素線の撚りピッチを少しづつずらして、 断面形状が容易に円 形を維持できるようにした場合を示している。 図 3で示す例では各素線は平行で 素線の交差角は零であるが、 この実施例の場合、 各層で撚りピッチをわずかづつ ずらしているので、 交差角を零にできない。 しかし、 その場合でも各層の撚りピ ツチの差が小さいので、 素線の交差角は小さく、 構造体内の素線間の接触長さを 長くでき素線の耐摩耗性を向上させることが可能である。  This figure shows a case where the twisting pitch of the strands of each layer is shifted little by little so that the cross section can easily maintain a circular shape. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the strands are parallel and the intersection angle of the strands is zero, but in this embodiment, the twist angle is slightly shifted in each layer, so that the intersection angle cannot be zero. However, even in this case, since the difference in twist pitch between the layers is small, the intersection angle of the strands is small, and the contact length between the strands in the structure can be lengthened and the wear resistance of the strands can be improved. is there.
更に多くの素線本数を必要とする場合でも、 同様にして構造体を構成すれば、 断面形状をほぼ円形に維持しながら構成でき、 且つ耐摩耗性が向上する。 この製 作性が良いことは出来上がつたロープのコストを抑制する効果がある。  Even when a larger number of strands are required, if the structure is similarly configured, the structure can be maintained while maintaining a substantially circular cross-sectional shape, and the wear resistance is improved. This good manufacturability has the effect of reducing the cost of the finished rope.
図 5は更に多くの素線を撚り合わせる必要がある場合の被覆構造体 3 0の実施 例を示すものである。 前述の構造体 2 2 (図 3 ) と同じように、 素線 3 1を複数 本撚り合せた中央構造体 3 5を中心に、 その周囲に同様な構造の周囲構造体 3 4 を 7本配置して撚り合せて全体構造体 3 2を構成し、 この全体構造体 3 2の外周 に被覆 3 3を施して被覆構造体 3 0を構成する。 即ち図 3に示した構造体 2 2を 7本撚り合せて全体構造体 3 2を構成し、 その外側に被覆を施した構造である。 実施例では、図 3に示した構造体 2 2を 7本撚り合せた場合を示しているが、この 構造に限定したものではない。 Figure 5 shows the implementation of the coated structure 30 when more strands need to be twisted. This is an example. As in the case of the above-mentioned structure 22 (Fig. 3), a central structure 35 consisting of a plurality of twisted strands 31 is centered, and seven surrounding structures 34 of the same structure are arranged around it. The whole structure 32 is formed by twisting and twisting, and a coating 33 is applied to the outer periphery of the whole structure 32 to form a coating structure 30. That is, the entire structure 32 is formed by twisting seven structures 22 shown in FIG. 3, and the outer surface thereof is covered. Although the embodiment shows a case where seven of the structures 22 shown in FIG. 3 are twisted, the present invention is not limited to this structure.
この構造は隣接する周囲の構造体 3 4と中央の構造体 3 5間で素線が直接接触 するので、 前述の構造 (図 3、 図 4 ) に比較し素線の耐摩耗性と言う点では劣る が、 柔軟で、 高強度のロープの要求には適している構造である。 また、 周囲構造 体 3 4間での素線の直接接触にしても、 中央構造体 3 5の中心からの距離が短い ので、素線間の相対滑り距離が短く、摩耗も小さくてすむ。従って、 この構造は、 ロープ中心からの距離の短い芯の構造体 1 2に適用すると良い。  In this structure, the wires are in direct contact between the adjacent surrounding structure 34 and the central structure 35, so that the wire is more abrasion resistant than the above-mentioned structure (Figs. 3 and 4). Although it is inferior, it is a structure that is suitable for the requirements of flexible and high-strength ropes. Further, even if the wires are in direct contact between the surrounding structures 34, the distance from the center of the central structure 35 is short, so that the relative sliding distance between the wires is short and the wear is small. Therefore, this structure is preferably applied to the core structure 12 having a short distance from the center of the rope.
図 6及び図 1 0は図 3の構造体 2 2に被覆した被覆構造体 2 0を 7本撚り合せ たものを示す。 即ち、 単体被覆構造体 4 1を撚り合せて構造体 4 2を構成し、 こ の構造体 4 2の外側に被覆 4 3を施して全体被覆構造体 4 0としたものである。 こうすることにより、 隣接する単体被覆構造体 4 1間での素線接触がなくなり、 素線の耐摩耗性は格段に向上する。 反面被覆構造体 4 1の被覆断面積分、 ロープ 断面積に対する強度部材の占める比率が低下し、 単位断面積当りの強度は低下す る。 このため、 被覆厚さは素線間の面圧及び相対滑りを緩和する最低限の厚みと し、 極力薄くする。 この構造は、 被覆ロープの強度、 寸法、 寿命の兼ね合いから 選択する。  FIGS. 6 and 10 show a structure obtained by twisting seven covering structures 20 covering the structure 22 of FIG. That is, the single coated structure 41 is twisted to form a structure 42, and a coating 43 is applied to the outside of the structure 42 to form an entire coated structure 40. By doing so, wire contact between adjacent single coated structures 41 is eliminated, and the wear resistance of the wire is significantly improved. On the other hand, the ratio of the strength member to the cross-sectional area of the covering and the rope cross-sectional area of the covering structure 41 decreases, and the strength per unit cross-sectional area decreases. For this reason, the coating thickness should be as small as possible to reduce the surface pressure and relative slip between wires, and should be as thin as possible. This structure is selected based on the strength, dimensions and life of the coated rope.
図 7及び図 1 1はロープ構造の他の実施例を示す。 基本的には図 2の実施例と 同じであるが、 芯の被覆構造体 1 2の周囲に、 8本の被覆構造体 1 3を配置して 撚り合せ、 その外側に被覆 1 1を施した構造である。 芯及び周囲の被覆構造体 1 2、 1 3は図 2の被覆構造体と同様である。  7 and 11 show another embodiment of the rope structure. Basically the same as the embodiment of FIG. 2, except that eight covering structures 13 are arranged around the core covering structure 12 and twisted, and the covering 11 is applied to the outside. Structure. The core and surrounding covering structures 12, 13 are similar to the covering structure of FIG.
図 8は更に他の実施例を示すもので、 単体被覆構造体 5 1を撚り合わせて構成 した構造体 5 2に被覆 5 3を施して全体被覆構造体 5 0としてロープとしたもの である。この構造のロープは、前述のロープに比べて設計上の制約がゆるくなり、 設計自由度が拡大する。 すなわち、 前述のロープでは、 ロープの断面積に占める 強度部材の断面積、 すなわち素線の断面積の総和の比率を高めるためには、 芯に なる単体被覆構造体とその外周に配置する単体被覆構造体の直径の大きさには、 制約がある。 それに対し、 この実施例の場合には、 ほぼ同じ径の単体被覆構造体 を使用することができ、 素線の径、 単体被覆構造体の径、 被覆ロープの径の間で の設計上の自由度が高くなると同時に製造上も容易になる。 FIG. 8 shows still another embodiment, in which a single coated structure 51 is twisted. A coating 53 is applied to the structure 52 thus formed to form a rope as a whole coating structure 50. The rope with this structure has less design restrictions than the above-mentioned rope, and the degree of freedom in design is expanded. In other words, in the above-mentioned rope, in order to increase the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the strength member to the cross-sectional area of the rope, that is, the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the strands, the single-coated structure serving as the core and the single-coated structure disposed on the outer periphery thereof There are restrictions on the size of the structure diameter. On the other hand, in the case of this embodiment, a single coated structure having almost the same diameter can be used, and the design freedom between the diameter of the wire, the diameter of the single coated structure, and the diameter of the coated rope can be improved. At the same time, manufacturing becomes easier.
図 1 2は更に他の実施例を示す。 基本的には図 7の実施例と同じであるが、 芯 の被覆構造体 1 2を芯鋼 2 4の周囲に素線 2 1を撚り合わせて構成したものであ る。 これにより、 素線数を極端に多くすることなく、 所望の大きな直径を有する 被覆構造体を実現することが出来る。  FIG. 12 shows still another embodiment. Basically, it is the same as the embodiment of FIG. 7, except that a core covering structure 12 is formed by twisting a strand 21 around a core steel 24. As a result, it is possible to realize a covering structure having a desired large diameter without extremely increasing the number of wires.
ロープとしたときの縦剛性を確保するために、 素線を撚り合せて構造体を製作 する工程、 被覆構造体を撚り合せてロープを製作する工程では、 夫々素線や被覆 構造体に適切な張力を作用させながら撚り合せる。 これにより素線か或いは被覆 構造体間に無駄な空間がなくなり、 製品であるロープに張力が作用しても、 ロー プの伸びを小さくできる。  In order to secure the vertical rigidity of the rope, in the process of manufacturing the structure by twisting the strands and the process of manufacturing the rope by twisting the sheath structure, the appropriate Twist while applying tension. This eliminates useless space between the wires or the covering structure, and reduces the elongation of the rope even if tension is applied to the product rope.
素線を撚り合せて構成する構造体に被覆を成形する場合、 素線と被覆材である 有機材料とは接着効果がほとんどない。 そこで、 素線と被覆との間の接合力を確 保するために、 構造体を洗浄し、 洗浄用の溶剤を乾燥させた後に接着剤を塗布、 その上に被覆材である有機材料を構造体を引き出しながら被覆(内層被覆)を押し 出し成形する。 このようにして製作した被覆構造体を張力を掛けながら撚り合せ てロープとし、 その外側にさらに有機材料による被覆 (外層被覆)を成形する。 こ のとき被覆構造体を撚り合せて製作したロープを事前に一定温度まで加熱してお くことによって、 外層被覆を成形する時、 内層被覆材と外層被覆材とが融着し、 両者が一体化する。 これにより、 シーブからの駆動力を受けた時、 その力は外層 被覆 内層被覆 構造体 (強度部材)と伝達され、 内層被覆と外層被覆との間で、 或いは内層被覆と構造体の間で滑ることはなく力が伝達され、 乗りかごを駆動で ぎる。 When a coating is formed on a structure formed by twisting strands, the strands and the organic material as the covering material have little adhesion effect. Therefore, in order to secure the bonding strength between the wires and the coating, the structure is cleaned, the solvent for cleaning is dried, and then an adhesive is applied. Extrude the coating (inner coating) while pulling out the body. The coated structure produced in this manner is twisted while applying tension to form a rope, and a coating of an organic material (outer coating) is formed outside the rope. At this time, by heating the rope made by twisting the coating structure to a certain temperature in advance, when forming the outer layer coating, the inner layer coating material and the outer layer coating material are fused together, and both are integrated. Become Thereby, when receiving the driving force from the sheave, the force is transmitted to the outer layer coating, the inner layer coating structure (strength member), and between the inner layer coating and the outer layer coating, Alternatively, the force is transmitted without slipping between the inner coating and the structure, and the car can be driven.
構造体に被覆する場合接着のほかに、 素線に表面処理をしておき、 その外側を 覆う被覆材の成分と素線の表面にある成分との間で化学反応を生じさせて、 素線 と被覆材とを化学的に結合する方法もある。 この場合は一般に接着による方法よ りも強固に両者を接着できる。  When coating the structure, in addition to bonding, the wire is subjected to surface treatment, and a chemical reaction occurs between the components of the covering material that covers the outside of the wire and the components on the surface of the wire. There is also a method of chemically bonding the coating and the coating material. In this case, the two can be bonded more firmly than the bonding method.
内層被覆の目的は隣接する構造体の素線が互いに接触しないようにすることで あり、ロープ断面積に占める強度部材の断面積を大きくして小径'髙強度ロープと するためには、 その目的を達成できる範囲で極力薄くしたほうが良い。 そのため には 0 . 2〜0 . 5腿の範囲が良い。 外層被覆の目的はシーブからの動力をロープ の強度部材に伝達し、 且つ長期に渡るシ一ブとの接触によっても摩耗が小さいこ とであり、 その厚さは摩耗に耐えるだけの厚さが必要である。 そのためには口一 プの使われる種々の条件を加味して、 ◦ . 5〜 1 . 0 mmの範囲が良い。  The purpose of the inner layer coating is to prevent the wires of adjacent structures from coming into contact with each other.To increase the cross-sectional area of the strength members in the cross-sectional area of the rope and to make a small-diameter '髙 strength rope, It is better to make it as thin as possible within the range that can achieve. For that purpose, the range of 0.2-0.5 thigh is good. The purpose of the outer layer coating is to transmit the power from the sheave to the strength member of the rope, and to reduce the abrasion due to long-term contact with the sieve.The thickness is sufficient to withstand the abrasion. is necessary. For that purpose, the range of 5 to 1.0 mm is good considering the various conditions in which the mouth is used.
上記本発明の実施形態になる口一プでは、 細径の金属製素線を使用しているの で、 剛性が高く経年劣化がないのは勿論、 柔軟性に優れており、 小径シ一ブに卷 きかけて使用する場合にも強度部材に無理な力が働かない。 また金属製素線を撚 り合せた構造体に被覆を施した被覆構造体を撚り合わせてロープにしているので、 構造体間で素線が直接接触、 滑ることがないので、 耐摩耗性に優れ長寿命を実現 できる。  In the mouth according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the metal wire having a small diameter is used, not only the rigidity is high and there is no aging deterioration, but also the flexibility is excellent and the small diameter When using it wound around, no excessive force acts on the strength member. In addition, the structure is made by twisting metal wires and the coated structure is twisted into a rope, so the wires do not directly contact or slip between the structures, resulting in abrasion resistance. Excellent long life can be achieved.
更にこの被覆構造体を撚り合せたロープに被覆を施してロープとしているので、 シ一ブとの摩擦係数を適切にできると共に内層被覆の摩耗ひいては素線の摩耗を 防止できる。構造体に施す被覆とロープに施す被覆を別にし、 2層被覆構造にして いるので、 各々の被覆に必要な機能を実現できるようにその材料を最適化でき、 設計自由度の向上と共に製造上の容易さを実現できる。  Further, since the coated structure is coated on a twisted rope to form a rope, the coefficient of friction with the sieve can be made appropriate, and the abrasion of the inner layer coating and the wire can be prevented. Since the coating applied to the structure and the coating applied to the rope are separate, a two-layer coating structure is used, so that the material can be optimized to achieve the functions required for each coating, improving design flexibility and improving manufacturing. Can be realized.
更に、 素線と内層被覆とを接着しているので、 ロープの繰り返し屈曲に対して も素線と内層被覆間の滑りがなく内層被覆の摩耗を防止でき、 ロープの長寿命化 を実現できる。 また、 本発明になるロープは小径シープでの使用でも、 シープとの間の摩擦係 数を適正化でき、 且つ長寿命を実現できるので、 駆動装置及びそれに付随した要 素機器、 例えばプーリを小型化できる。 これにより省スペースで且つロープ交換 周期の長いエレべ一夕を実現できる。 この結果エレべ一夕の初期コストと共に保 守コストの削減が可能になる。 Further, since the wire and the inner layer coating are adhered to each other, even when the rope is repeatedly bent, there is no slippage between the wire and the inner layer coating, so that the inner layer coating can be prevented from being worn and the life of the rope can be extended. In addition, the rope according to the present invention can optimize the friction coefficient between the rope and the sheep even when used with a small-diameter sheep, and can achieve a long service life. Can be As a result, it is possible to realize an elevator that is space-saving and has a long rope replacement cycle. As a result, it is possible to reduce the maintenance cost as well as the initial cost of the elevator.
産業上の利用可能性 Industrial applicability
本発明によれば、 金属製素線を撚り合わせ構成したため、 剛性が高く、 経年変 化の少ないロープとすることができるばかりか、 これを被覆材で被覆するように したため、 素線が直接接触、 滑ることのない耐摩耗性に優れた長寿命の口一プを 提供できる。  According to the present invention, since the metallic wires are twisted, not only the rope having high rigidity and little aging can be obtained, but also the wires are covered with the covering material so that the wires are in direct contact with each other. It is possible to provide a long-life mouthpiece with excellent non-slip abrasion resistance.

Claims

請 求 の 範 囲 The scope of the claims
1 . 金属製素線を撚り合せて構成した第一の構造体を第一の被覆材により被 覆した第一の被覆構造体と、 金属製素線を撚り合せて構成した第二の構造体を第 二の被覆材により被覆した第二の被覆構造体と、 該第一の被覆構造体を中心とし てその周囲に配置された複数の前記第二の被覆構造体の周囲を被覆する第三の被 覆材から成り、 前記第二の被覆材と前記第三の被覆材が接合するように構成した ことを特徴とするロープ。 1. A first structure in which a first structure composed of twisted metal wires is covered with a first covering material, and a second structure in which metal wires are twisted. A second covering structure covering the first covering structure with a second covering material, and a third covering structure surrounding the plurality of second covering structures arranged around the first covering structure around the first covering structure. A rope, comprising: the above-mentioned covering material, wherein the second covering material and the third covering material are joined to each other.
2 . 前記第一、第二の構造体は素線を撚り合わせたストランド構造或いは素線 を撚り合わせて構成するストランドを複数本撚り合わせたシエンケル構造である ことを特徴とする請求項 1記載のロープ。 2. The first and second structures have a strand structure in which strands are twisted or a Scikel structure in which a plurality of strands formed by twisting strands are twisted. rope.
3 . 前記第一及び第二の被覆材の材質を、弾性を有する有機材料としたことを 特徴とする請求項 1記載のロープ。 3. The rope according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first and second covering materials is an organic material having elasticity.
4 . 前記第二の被覆材は、第二の構造体との接合を可能にする材料からなる内 層被覆材で構成し、 前記第三の被覆材はシ一ブとの摩擦係数を適性にする材料か らなる外層被覆で構成したことを特徴とする請求項 1記載の口一プ。 4. The second covering material is formed of an inner layer covering material made of a material capable of joining with the second structure, and the third covering material has an appropriate coefficient of friction with the sieve. The mouthpiece according to claim 1, wherein the mouthpiece is constituted by an outer layer coating made of a material to be formed.
5 . 前記第一第二の構造体の被覆材の厚さを、 0.2〜0.5 腿としたことを特徴 とする請求項 1記載の口一プ。 5. The mouthpiece according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the covering material of the first and second structures is 0.2 to 0.5 thighs.
6 . 前記第二の被覆材と前記第三の被覆材の接合は融着、接着剤または化学的 結合により接合することを特徴とする前記請求項 1記載のロープ。 6. The rope according to claim 1, wherein the joining of the second covering material and the third covering material is performed by fusion, adhesive, or chemical bonding.
7 . 前記第二の被覆材と前記第二の構造体を形成する金属製素線が接合する ように構成したことを特徴とする前記請求項 1記載のロープ。 7. The second covering material is joined to the metal strand forming the second structure. 2. The rope according to claim 1, wherein the rope is configured as follows.
8 · 前記第二の被覆材と前記第二の構造体を形成する金属製素線の接合は接 着剤または化学的結合による接合するように構成したことを特徴とする前記新た な請求項 7記載のロープ。 8 · The new coating material according to claim 7, wherein the joining of the second covering material and the metal wires forming the second structure is performed by joining with a bonding agent or a chemical bond. The described rope.
9 . 金属製素線を撚り合せて構成した第一の構造体を第一の被覆材により被 覆した第一の被覆構造体と、 金属製素線を撚り合せて構成した第二の構造体を第 二の被覆材により被覆した第二の被覆構造体と、 該第一の被覆構造体を中心とし てその周囲に配置された複数の前記第二の被覆構造体の周囲を被覆する第三の被 覆材から成り、 前記第二の被覆材と前記第二の構造材を形成する金属製素線が接 合するように構成したことを特徴とするロープ。 9. A first covering structure in which a first structure constituted by twisting metal wires is covered with a first covering material, and a second structure in which metal wires are twisted together A second covering structure covering the first covering structure with a second covering material, and a third covering structure surrounding the plurality of second covering structures arranged around the first covering structure around the first covering structure. And a metal wire forming the second structural material is in contact with the second coating material.
1 0 . 前記第二の被覆材と前記第二の構造体を形成する金属製素線の接合は接 着剤または化学的結合による接合するように構成したことを特徴とする前記新た な請求項 9記載のロープ。 10. The new claim, characterized in that the joining between the second covering material and the metal strand forming the second structure is constituted by joining with a bonding agent or a chemical bond. 9 described rope.
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EP2508459B1 (en) 2009-12-02 2015-09-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Rope for elevators, and elevator device
JP2014514226A (en) 2011-04-14 2014-06-19 オーチス エレベータ カンパニー Covered rope or belt for elevator systems
EP2802707B1 (en) * 2012-01-12 2017-08-23 Otis Elevator Company Reinforced belt and method of manufacturing the same
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JPWO2006061888A1 (en) * 2004-12-08 2008-06-05 三菱電機株式会社 Elevator rope and elevator equipment
WO2006075384A1 (en) * 2005-01-14 2006-07-20 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Rope for elevator and method for producing the same
EP1837301A1 (en) * 2005-01-14 2007-09-26 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Rope for elevator and method for producing the same
JPWO2006075384A1 (en) * 2005-01-14 2008-06-12 三菱電機株式会社 Elevator rope and manufacturing method thereof
EP1837301A4 (en) * 2005-01-14 2012-11-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Rope for elevator and method for producing the same
KR100830777B1 (en) * 2006-08-16 2008-05-20 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 Rope for elevat0r and elevator
CN102245829B (en) * 2008-12-16 2013-04-03 贝卡尔特公司 A cord having an improved adhesion promoting coating
CN102134028A (en) * 2010-01-22 2011-07-27 株式会社日立制作所 Method of reeling elevator suspension cables and suspension cable reeling component
US10399265B2 (en) 2013-09-26 2019-09-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Method of manufacturing escalator handrail
US11207814B2 (en) 2013-09-26 2021-12-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Method of manufacturing an escalator handrail

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EP1426482A1 (en) 2004-06-09
EP1426482B8 (en) 2016-09-07
CN100393937C (en) 2008-06-11
JP4096879B2 (en) 2008-06-04
JPWO2003025278A1 (en) 2004-12-24
CN1537189A (en) 2004-10-13
KR20040025933A (en) 2004-03-26
EP1426482B1 (en) 2016-07-06
KR100611272B1 (en) 2006-08-10

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