WO2003016397A1 - Formulation for achievement of release paper properties without the use of silicone - Google Patents
Formulation for achievement of release paper properties without the use of silicone Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003016397A1 WO2003016397A1 PCT/US2002/025987 US0225987W WO03016397A1 WO 2003016397 A1 WO2003016397 A1 WO 2003016397A1 US 0225987 W US0225987 W US 0225987W WO 03016397 A1 WO03016397 A1 WO 03016397A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C09D129/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D191/00—Coating compositions based on oils, fats or waxes; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
- C09D191/06—Waxes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34922—Melamine; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L91/06—Waxes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating formulation for application inline on a paper machine.
- the formulation does not contain silicone, and yet, provides release properties for the paper as it is delivered from the paper machine.
- the base sheet does not require a glassine type pore structure. Rather, the surface of the base paper is altered via the addition of a film forming component.
- Silicone release papers are widely used in the manufacture of layered pressure sensitive adhesive materials or "sandwiches.”
- the release paper is adhered to an adhesive which has been applied to a face sheet of the subject sandwich.
- the release paper is stripped from the face paper exposing the adhesive.
- the adhesive can then be used to secure the face paper.
- This type of technology has found a wide application in, for example, self-adhering envelopes, labels, postage stamps, stickers and the like.
- the silicone required to impart easy and clean release to paper is applied on a gravure coater off line to a typical fourdrinier wet laid paper machine.
- the resulting process requires additional handling, process losses and costs, even after the paper has been manufactured.
- the release paper produced in this mamier is also rendered unpulpable for future recycle or reuse.
- the base paper used for silicone treatment requires a high level of cellulose fiber refining and calendaring in order to achieve a very tight sheet pore structure (as measured by air porosity).
- the subject base paper is typically a supercalendared kraft paper or glassine type product.
- release papers For some time papers coated with release agents have been known as release papers.
- the most common material is silicone, which can be applied using either a solvent-based or water-based process.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,962,098 discloses the use of a release liner having a flat base substrate which is coated on both sides with thermoplastic polyolefin. On one side, the base substrate has a release coating which forms a release force to adhesives.
- the base substrate has a polymer-bound mineral particle layer.
- This method includes coating a polyolefin onto the paper substrate, which makes it non- repulpable.
- U.S. Patent No. 6,210,767 discloses a release liner carrier web including a paper layer, a release layer including a polypropylene layer coated onto the substrate and a silicone release agent coated onto the polypropylene coating layer.
- the liner further includes a second coating layer made up of an acrylic resin type material for sealing the and preventing curling and contamination of a label or printed film adhesively laminated thereon.
- this patent discloses a plastic film laminated onto the base paper prior to silicone coating. Not only does this make the release paper non-repulpable, it also involves two post-machine processes: laminating and coating. This adds significantly to the cost of the process as well as non-repulpable waste.
- U.S. Patent No. 6,001,473 discloses a release agent made from a starch ester and a plasticizer: "Now it has been found that release coating compositions made from selected starch esters provide good release properties as well as being biodegradable and environmentally friendly making them particularly useful in paper applications where repulpability and recyclability are desired.” Therefore, a repulpable release paper can be produced with the right coating.
- release coatings usually provide two functions to the paper to which they are applied: release and solvent resistance. Since many pressure-sensitive adhesives contain solvents such as toluene, a release coating must have solvent resistant functionality. Without this resistance, the adhesive will migrate into the release paper, inMbiting release. Polymers such as vinyl acetate, vinyl acrylic, acrylic and acrylonitrile exhibit such solvent resistance. The other part of a release coating would be the release component, which may be a silicone or non-silicone organic polymer. Silicone release agents include silicone homopolymers, silicone copolymers, and a blend of the first two.
- Non-silicone release agents can be either an olefin, a polymer with a long-chain alkyl group, or a fluorine based polymer (Asia Pulp and Paper, Volume 30, number 3, pages 72-77).
- silicone and non- silicone coatings require application after the paper machine with a coater using gravure, blade, rod or air knife technology. Coatings usually need to be high solids, with a high web temperature following to set the release coating. In other cases, some release agents need ultraviolet (UN) or electron-beam (EB) curing after the web dries.
- UV ultraviolet
- EB electron-beam
- the base sheet for the release coating is critical for the release property. Methods involving lamination of a plastic film onto the base paper would render the release paper non-repulpable.
- Glassine and supercalendared kraft papers are widely used as a release base. Both types of sheets involve high levels of refining on wood pulp fibers prior to papermaking. Refining of wood pulp fibers cuts and collapses the structure of the fibers, causing the fibers to form into a strong, dense structure. The porosity of the resulting sheets is minimal with good sheet smoothness. However, a significant amount of energy is consumed in the process of refining these fibers. The resultant paper web is also difficult to dry in a standard Fourdrinier paper machine due to the density of the sheet. This leads to slower machine speeds and increased production costs.
- LDL low- density liner
- the present invention relates to a formulation, and a process for making same, which is useful as a coating or treatment for release properties to an underlying substrate without the use of silicone.
- the present invention relates to the process for making the underlying substrate ideal for holdout of the release coating without excessive fiber refining, as in glassine papers.
- the formulation is a low solids coating that can be applied on the size press of a paper machine, eliminating the need for a post-machine coating process.
- the formulation does not include silicone, thereby allowing the release paper to be re-pulped.
- the wet end additive that provides sheet holdout combines with the release formulation to provide a release paper for pressure sensitive adhesives. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
- the present invention relates to a novel formulation that, in combination with a wet end additive, provides release properties to a moderately refined paper sheet without the use of silicone. Further, the formulation of the present invention allows production of the release paper without a post-machine coating process. The present invention also relates to a process for preparing the formulation, to products which are made from or which otherwise include the formulation, and to processes for preparing such products.
- the formulation has a wide variety of uses and applications. It can be applied as a treatment or coating to a substrate, such as paper and paperboard, to provide release properties.
- the formulation of the present invention also has positive effects on other properties such as wet tensile, burst, dry tensile strength, porosity, gloss, density, stiffness and surface strength.
- the wet end additive along with the coating provides water, oil and solvent resistance. The addition of the formulation and the accompanying wet end additive does not affect the recyclability of the paper or paperboard being treated.
- the present invention involves sheets which may be defined as “paper” sheets.
- the sheets can be made using standard papermaking techniques and chemistry.
- the term “paper” refers to a web structure which contains cellulose and optionally other additives and is produced on continuous conventional papermaking apparatus. Examples of sheets which are beyond the meaning of "paper,” but are included within the broad scope of the invention, may include for example, such things as extruded film, thermoset laminates, woven substrates, injection molded substrates and the like.
- the present invention includes paper derived from any of the common pulping processes, including mechanical, thermomechanical, hybrid and chemical. Paper made by one of the variations of the kraft process is most commonly used in paperboard. Paper which contains fibers other than cellulose is also within the scope of the present invention.
- Fibers such as fiber glass, polyester, kevlar, rayon and cotton can be used in the present invention.
- paperboard can be loosely defined as “stiff and thick paper,” but the ISO has set the specification for paperboard at 224 g/m 2 or more, while lighter stock is referred to as "paper.”
- Various categories of paperboard which are applicable to this invention include, for example, linerboard, foodboard and folding boxboard (carton board).
- the formulation of the present invention along with the wet end additive provides release properties similar to that of commercially-available silicone and non- silicone release compounds.
- the absence of silicone in the formulation of the present invention makes it an excellent substitute for such commercial coatings that are not re-pulpable.
- the wet end additive also allows a lower density paper substrate without diminishing the release capability, giving a release sheet that is more dimensionally stable and less likely to curl.
- the present invention can be utilized in a variety of applications, such as, for example, pressure sensitive tapes, self-adhering envelopes, stamp backing, sticker backing and label stock.
- the formulation of the present invention may also be used in connection with other applications and in other environments, including but not limited to textiles, non-woven materials and leather. Any suitable process may be used for applying the formulation to the product to be treated, and will vary depending upon the nature of the product being treated and the desired result.
- a paper composition which comprises a web and a solution.
- the web comprises cellulose fibers, although the web may also comprise synthetic fibers, or a mixture of cellulose and synthetic fibers.
- a wet end additive that provides water holdout is added along with the fibers to make a web with holdout properties.
- a solution, comprising the formulation of the present invention, is then applied to the web, resulting in a paper composition which possesses release properties.
- the wet end additive comprises an alkaline sizing agent such as alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) or alkyl succinic anhydride (ASA) in a water-based emulsion with fatty acids.
- alkaline sizing agent such as alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) or alkyl succinic anhydride (ASA)
- AKD alkyl ketene dimer
- ASA alkyl succinic anhydride
- the wet end additive can also be an anionic water dispersible polyester polymer with an enhanced non-polar character.
- Such a polymer dispersion is commercially available as EvCote PWR-25 aqueous dispersion from EvCo Research, Inc. of Atlanta, Georgia.
- the polyester polymer and alkaline sizing agent may be used separately or together in the present invention.
- the coating solution includes a fatty acid melamine and paraffin wax emulsion along with a polyvinyl alcohol.
- the fatty acid melamine wax component employed in accordance with this invention may be any fatty acid melamine wax that is compatible with polyvinyl alcohol and that causes the formulation, when applied to a substrate, to possess improved release properties. It may be derived from any long- chain fatty acid (saturated or unsaturated).
- the fatty acid melamine wax is preferably derived from stearic acid, oleic acid, or palmitic acid.
- the release component is a stearylated melamine combined with paraffin wax.
- Sequapel® 414G is a white, fluid, water-based emulsion that has been FDA approved for surface treatments that contact dry, fatty and aqueous foods. As supplied, it is anionic in nature, and has a pH of around 8.5-9.0, a specific gravity (20°C) of about 1.0, a bulk density of about 8.4 lbs./gallon, and a viscosity of less than 100 cps (#2 spindle, 100 rpm).
- any suitable polyvinyl alcohol may be used for that component of the coating solution that provides solvent resistance.
- Polyvinyl alcohol is a white, granular water-soluble resin manufactured by polymerizing vinyl acetate and hydrolyzing the resultant polymer to form an alcohol.
- Polyvinyl alcohol is a straight- chain polymer with secondary hydroxyl groups on alternate carbons in the chain.
- Polyvinyl alcohol grades vary in molecular weight (degree of polymerization) and in degree of hydrolysis. The molecular weight depends on the conditions of polymerization, and the degree of hydrolysis is determined by the percent of acetate groups replaced by hydroxyl groups during the hydrolysis reaction. The specific gravity of polyvinyl alcohol solutions depends on concentration and temperature and is independent of grade. Polyvinyl alcohol reacts in a manner similar to secondary alcohols.
- the polyvinyl alcohol employed in accordance with this invention may be any grade polyvinyl alcohol that is compatible with fatty acid melamine waxes and that causes the solution, when applied to a substrate, to possess improved release properties.
- the polyvinyl alcohol component comprises an intermediately hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol with a medium molecular weight.
- polyvinyl alcohol The physical properties of polyvinyl alcohol are controlled by molecular weight and the degree of hydrolysis, and a wide range of grades is offered by polyvinyl alcohol manufacturers. Hydrolysis and molecular weight can be independently controlled in the manufacturing process, so as to provide the desired property balance for different applications.
- All polyvinyl alcohol manufacture involves polyvinyl acetate as the starting material. Conversion of polyvinyl acetate to polyvinyl alcohol is generally accomplished by base-catalyzed methanolysis; sodium hydroxide is the usual base.
- Polyvinyl acetate polymerization is done by conventional processes such as, for example, solution, bulk or emulsion polymerization.
- the polymerization step controls the ultimate molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol. Catalyst selection, temperature and solvent control the degree of polymerization.
- the degree of hydrolysis of polyvinyl alcohol is controlled during the alcoholysis reaction and is independent of molecular-weight control. Fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol is obtained if methanolysis is allowed to go to completion. The reaction can be terminated by neutralizing or removing the sodium hydroxide catalyst. The addition of small amounts of water to the reactants promotes saponification of polyvinyl acetate, which consumes sodium hydroxide. The extent of hydrolysis is inversely proportional to the amount of water added.
- Airvol® 425 An example of a commercially-available polyvinyl alcohol which is intermediately hydrolyzed and which possesses a medium molecular weight is Airvol® 425, available from Air Products Co., of Allentown, Pennsylvania. Airvol® 425 possesses properties between the fully and partially hydrolyzed grades of polyvinyl alcohol. It has a strong affinity for hydrophilic surfaces such as cellulosics.
- the relative weight percentages of the alkaline sizing wet end additives can be adjusted to accommodate the particular product being treated, the particular application method, and the desired end result to be achieved by treating the product with the formulation.
- the alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) component of the alkaline sizing wet end additive may comprise anywhere from 0% to 100% of the total wet end alkaline sizing additive, and the anionic water dispersible polyester polymer may comprise anywhere from 0% to 95% of the total wet end alkaline sizing additive.
- the alkaline sizing wet end additives may comprise anywhere from about 0.1% to 3.0% by weight of the paper composition (the remaining weight percentage being attributed to the web), h a preferred embodiment, the alkaline sizing wet end additives comprise from about 0.2% by weight to about 2% by weight, and in a more preferred embodiment, from about 0.3% to about 1.5% by weight.
- the relative weight percentages of the polyvinyl alcohol and fatty acid melamine with paraffin wax components of the formulation can be adjusted to accommodate the particular product being treated, the particular application method, and/or the desired end result to be achieved by treating the product with the formulation.
- the formulation is suitable using no polyvinyl alcohol, that is, 100% fatty-acid melamine was.
- the amount of polyvinyl alcohol preferably ranges from about 5% by weight to about 75% by weight of the formulation, more preferably from about 20% by weight to about 60% by weight, and most preferably from about 30% by weight to about 50% by weight, based upon the total weight of the formulation.
- the amount of the fatty acid melamine with paraffin wax component preferably ranges from about 25% by weight to about 95% by weight, more preferably from about 40% by weight to about 80% by weight, and most preferably from about 50% by weight to about 70% by weight, based upon the total weight of the formulation.
- the formulation comprises from about 40% by weight polyvinyl alcohol to about 60% by weight fatty acid melamine with paraffin wax.
- the amount of formulation which is applied to the substrate (such as a fibrous web or sheet) to form the release material (such as a paper sheet) can be adjusted to accommodate the particular product being treated, the particular application method, and/or the desired end result to be achieved by treating the product with the formulation.
- the formulation is applied in a sufficient amount so as to provide the level of release properties desired.
- the release material comprises from about 0.5% by weight to about 10% by weight formulation, and from about 90% by weight to about
- the release material comprises from about 1% by weight to about 8% by weight of formulation, and from about 92% to about 99% by weight substrate.
- the release material comprises from about 5% to about 7% by weight formulation, and from about 93% by weight to about 95% by weight substrate.
- a filler may be contained in or added to the web, if desired.
- the fillers may be any of those which are conventionally used in the papermaking industry for making a sheet of paper opaque, such as titanium dioxide, clay, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide and aluminum trihydrate.
- a suitable defoaming agent can be added to the solution to control foaming of the polyvinyl alcohol component.
- a minor amount of an approved antimicrobial agent could be useful to control or prevent the development of mold and/or fungus in or on certain paper products in which the solution is used.
- other materials typically employed in papermaking can also be present, such as, for example, lubricants, sizes, other synthetic fibers, starch and various chemical modifiers, such as wet strength enhancers, dry strength enhancers and coatings.
- the components of the formulation of the present invention have a synergistic effect. That is, the combination of the polyvinyl alcohol and fatty acid melamine with paraffin wax provides enhanced released properties, in several respects, than the same properties provided by each of the individual components, standing alone. This is demonstrated in the examples below.
- the formation of the web and the solution, and the application of the solution to the web to form a release paper sheet can be accomplished in accordance with any conventional papermaking techniques using conventional papermaking equipment. Each step can be accomplished by a variety of methods well known in the art, and can vary widely depending upon the particular papermaking process employed, and the particular application technique utilized. Any suitable process steps for practicing the method of the present invention may be used.
- a diluted slurry of cellulose fibers is prepared into a paper using conventional papermaking equipment.
- the paper is dewatered using conventional papermaking equipment.
- dewatering means removing the water from the paper by means of drainage or pressing operations applied to the paper by conventional papermaking methods.
- the dewatering can include drainage on a Fourdrinier, cylinder machine, multi-wire former, rotoformer and pressing by various felted wet press designs.
- the paper is formed into a sheet of consolidated fibers which, upon drying, can be processed into dry roll or sheet form.
- the simplest in conception with regard to the possible papermaking processes is the conventional Fourdrinier paper forming machine.
- the main standard components of the Fourdrinier forming unit are the headbox and the forming table, including dewatering elements and equipment for improving formation.
- the function of the headbox is to provide a level and stable jet across the width of the Fourdrinier machine and to produce a well-dispersed fibrous suspension.
- the Fourdrinier machine disperses the components in the fibrous suspension uniformly, and then removes the water from the fibrous suspension. Therefore, a sheet of paper is simply a dispersion of components.
- a paper machine in its entirety, comprises a headbox, a Fourdrinier table, a press section in which water is squeezed out, and a dryer section.
- the headbox is supplied with stock from a fan pump and the duty of which is to supply an even level flow of fibrous suspension at a known velocity onto the forming screen of the Fourdrinier machine or a twin-wire former or onto a rotary former, such as a short former.
- the term headbox is also used for a supply box used for feeding the fibrous suspension to the vat of a cylinder mould machine.
- cellulose fibers may first be mixed, in slurry form, in a hydrapulper. Conventional fillers may be added to the mixture as desired. The mixture is then forwarded to a refiner chest and then to the headbox of a Fourdrinier machine. The web of wet fibers or ply, after it leaves the headbox, is then forwarded to a press section, then to a first dryer section, then to a size press, and then to a second dryer section, and then to a calendar stack, if calendaring is desired, to complete the papermaking process. As previously mentioned, these sections are conventional parts of a paper machine, and the process steps can vary depending upon the particular paper machine utilized.
- the formulation may be added at the size press.
- a conventional size press operates by using rollers. A first roller runs through a bath containing the formulation in a desired concentration, and then that roller meters it onto a separate roller, which then meters it onto the ply or fibrous web.
- the preferred method of applying the formulation is by spraying it onto the web at the size press.
- the formulation may be applied to the web by other means in addition to, or in place of, the aforementioned means, such as dip coating.
- any of the conventional size press configurations known in the art may be used.
- the formulation may also be applied at various other points in the papermaking process in addition to at the size press.
- it may be applied at the calendar water box, or by means of surface coaters such as blade, air knife and rod.
- any of the different types of conventional dryers can be used.
- standard drum dryers can be used, which may be felted or not felted.
- a flat dryer can be used, where the sheet runs back and forth over rollers and convention air flows through it.
- Infrared drying can be utilized, as well as gas fired dryers.
- the release material or sheet may be formed into an infinite number of shaped articles, using any means known in the art.
- the variety of products with which the formulation of the present invention could be used to provide release properties is infinite.
- the present invention could be used to provide release properties to: stamp backing (for self-adhesive stamps with pressure sensitive adhesives that retain adhesive character after peeling from release paper); self- adhering envelope liners (the paper liner that protects the pressure sensitive adhesive on the self-sealing envelope); label backing (self-adhesive labels that easily peel off the liner as in the case of the stamp backing); and many other wrappers and liners that require release properties.
- the formulation of the present invention can be applied to a material or substrate using any known techniques, including application by mills at a size press, spray bar, coaters (blade, rod, roll, air knife), calendar stack, gravure rollers, as an internal ("wet end") treatment or as an additive to coating materials, depending on end-use needs. It may also be applied by converters on rotogravure, flexographic, coating and corrugating equipment, and the like.
- Hercules Advantage Defoamer 250 milliliters of Hercules Advantage Defoamer were added to 1100 gallons of water. In the make-up tank, 667 pounds of Vinol 425 were dissolved in the water and allowed sufficient time for mixing. The mixture was then heated with live steam to 200 degrees Fahrenheit, and held with agitation at temperature for 45 minutes, following which 400 milliliters of a biocide (Nalco 7647 Biocide) was added. The steam was turned off and 220 gallons of Sequapel® 414G stearylated melamine with paraffin wax emulsion were added. The solution should not be heated with live steam after the fatty acid melamine and wax have been added, as the steam could potentially break down the emulsions. The solution was then diluted with water to a final volume of 2,000 gallons. It was applied at the size press inside the temperature range of 120-140 degrees Fahrenheit. EXAMPLE 2
- a sheet of paper was prepared utilizing conventional paper-making procedures.
- the sheet of paper had a basis weight of 37 g/m and contained no filler.
- Polyvmyl alcohol from Air Products in combination with stearylated melamine (Sequapel® 409), paraffin wax (Sequapel® 417), and a stearylated melamine with paraffin wax (Sequapel® 414G, 40% solids) were evaluated on paper (37 g/m 2 basis weight; no filler) that had been moderately refined.
- the polyvinyl alcohols evaluated varied in molecular weight and degree of hydrolysis, ranging from super hydrolyzed (Airvol 165) to intermediately hydrolyzed (Airvol 425) grades. The viscosity ranged from Medium (28-32 cps) to High (62-72 cps).
- Table 1 below were prepared pursuant to procedures similar to those described in Example 1, using appropriate amounts of Advantage Defoamer 1251 and Nalco 7647 biocide. Those solutions were then used to treat a base paper (Ecusta Reference RD 99016) on a Euclid coater. RD 99016 is an unfilled 37 g/m 2 moderately refined sheet without any wet end alkaline sizing additives.
- Standard adhesion to backing tests were performed on each sample using an Instron Tensile tester peeling the samples from standard 3M 234 masking tape, and measuring the average peeling force in ounces per one inch width at a peel speed of 12 inches per minute. Each test sample had the 3M 234 tape rolled down onto it a constant weight at 12 inches per minute. Tests were performed on samples at TAPPI standard conditions (25 degrees Celsius, 50% relative humidity) and also with a heated steel bar at 250 degrees Fahrenheit placed on the 3M 234 tape/paper sandwich for two minutes. This heated test simulates the release property of a release paper in extreme conditions.
- Sequapel® 414G stearylated melamine with paraffin wax gave the best results in both ambient and heated conditions.
- the Sequapel® 409 stearylated melamine gave the best result in ambient conditions but had the worst results with the heated test.
- the Sequapel® 417 paraffin wax had the worst result in ambient conditions but did the best in heated conditions.
- the Sequapel® 414G combined the best of both worlds, providing a release property to the RD 99016 paper without an alkaline sizing additive.
- a continuous web of paper was prepared using a standard fourdrinier paper machine.
- Critical parameters for this paper machine trial include, porosity, coefficient of friction/slip and water holdout, in addition to release properties for the consumer end use. Release property will be controlled by the wet end alkaline sizing additive and the size press solution.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US31262301P | 2001-08-15 | 2001-08-15 | |
US60/312,623 | 2001-08-15 | ||
PCT/US2001/025555 WO2002014426A1 (en) | 2000-08-15 | 2001-08-15 | Formulation for achievement of oil and grease resistance and release paper properties |
USPCT/US01/25555 | 2001-08-15 |
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WO2003016397A1 true WO2003016397A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
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PCT/US2002/025987 WO2003016397A1 (en) | 2001-08-15 | 2002-08-15 | Formulation for achievement of release paper properties without the use of silicone |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004109013A1 (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2004-12-16 | Haggai Shoshany | Paper product and method therefor |
WO2006106300A1 (en) * | 2005-04-04 | 2006-10-12 | Proflux Systems Llp | Wax-containing materials |
CN103450754A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-18 | 吴江龙硕金属制品有限公司 | Metal antirust emulsion and preparation method thereof |
US9593262B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2017-03-14 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Shrink films and related combinations and methods |
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US4245689A (en) * | 1978-05-02 | 1981-01-20 | Georgia Bonded Fibers, Inc. | Dimensionally stable cellulosic backing web |
US5431997A (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-07-11 | The Dexter Corporation | Process of producing porous web materials used for making infusion packages for brewing beverages and the web materials thus produced |
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