WO2003014460A1 - A climate control composition - Google Patents

A climate control composition Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003014460A1
WO2003014460A1 PCT/US2002/024988 US0224988W WO03014460A1 WO 2003014460 A1 WO2003014460 A1 WO 2003014460A1 US 0224988 W US0224988 W US 0224988W WO 03014460 A1 WO03014460 A1 WO 03014460A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
phase transition
composition according
group
alkyl
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Application number
PCT/US2002/024988
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Shoji Maruyama
Ryohei Ohtani
Manivannan Kandasamy
Original Assignee
The Procter & Gamble Company
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Publication of WO2003014460A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003014460A1/en

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
    • D06M13/352—Heterocyclic compounds having five-membered heterocyclic rings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
    • D06M13/47—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from heterocyclic compounds
    • D06M13/473—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from heterocyclic compounds having five-membered heterocyclic rings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition which helps to regulate temperature.
  • phase change materials knitted into the fabric fibers.
  • Other attempts have incorporated phase change materials into inorganic shells, such as those made of silica and attached them to clothing.
  • the present invention is directed to a composition having a phase transition material that provides a temperature control benefit.
  • the composition is directly applied to a consumer- treatable surface, including a hard surface such as walls, floors, ceilings, a soft surface including clothes, shoes, gloves, socks, curtains and human or animal skin and dried. Also, there is no messiness feeling when a phase change transition of the phase transition material occurs, preferably, also when the composition is directly applied to the consumer treatable surface. If the composition is in a liquid/gel form, it is dried before a phase transition occurs.
  • the temperature control benefit can noticeably increase or decrease the temperature of the climate around the surface, so as to make the climate more comfortable.
  • Directly applied means that consumers apply the composition of the present invention to a surface directly.
  • consumers can apply the material to a surface by a spray, a rinse cycle, a dry cycle, a wash cycle, a direct application, and a combination thereof.
  • this term excludes the situation where the material is packed by, or covered with a covering such as a plastic film, and therefore does not contact the consumer-treatable surface.
  • a direct application method is exemplified as an iron, a brush, a sheet, a sponge, a spray, etc.
  • Reversible temperature control means that when the composition is applied to a surface (i.e., the applied surface"), that surface can maintain a temperature higher or lower than a corresponding surface to which the composition has not been applied (i.e., the "non-applied surface"). This is especially the case when a sudden or quick temperature change occurs in the environment. For example, when the environmental temperature goes down, the temperature of the applied surface may be kept higher than the non-applied surface. Similarly, when the environmental temperature goes up, the temperature of the applied surface may be kept lower than the non-applied surface.
  • Consumer-treatable surface means any type of hard surface, soft surface, skin surface, etc.
  • Preferred examples of a hard surface includes walls, floors or ceilings of homes, hotels or cars.
  • Preferred examples of a soft surface includes clothes, shoes, gloves, socks or curtains.
  • Preferred examples of a skin surface includes human skin and animal skin, including areas covered by fur, hair, etc.
  • the consumer-treatable surface can be located either inside of a house or even outside of a house.
  • “Messiness feeling” means that the treated surface gets wet, dirty, or stained because of the application of the product.
  • Non-Messiness feeling means that the treated surface does not give rise to a change in feeling according to the sense of touch, sight or smell. This term is defined by a PSU (Panel Score Unit) test. If the total PSU score is less than -2 in comparison between the applied surface and the non-applied surface, then it is considered to be messiness difference in the present invention.
  • PSU Panel Score Unit
  • the PSU test is a sensory evaluation by touch, sight, and smell.
  • the test is conducted based on a pair-comparison which compares two groups of surfaces; i.e., one surface to which the present invention has been applied and dried (i.e., the applied surface), and a control surface (i.e., the non-applied surface.
  • a positive number indicates that the applied surface is better than the control.
  • a negative number indicates the applied surface is worse than control.
  • Main phase transition temperature means the phase transition point between solid and liquid crystalline phase, or between a gel and liquid crystalline phase, as appropriate, of the material, preferably the phase transition material in the present invention when it is dried. If there is more than one phase transition point, then the “main phase transition temperature” means the phase transition point which accompanies the largest latent heat generation or absorption.
  • the main phase transition temperature is measured as follows:
  • the composition which is dried at 25 °C for 1 day, is measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (e.g., a Shimazu DSC-50 Calorimeter). This measures the main phase transition temperature and latent heat during heating and cooling at 0.1-20 °C/min of heating rate from a range of from -40 °C to 70 °C.
  • Differential Scanning Calorimetry e.g., a Shimazu DSC-50 Calorimeter
  • the composition of the present invention has a main phase transition temperature of from about 20 °C to about 40 °C, preferably, from about 25 °C to about 35 °C when in a dried condition.
  • composition of the present invention has a phase transition material (PTM) which can provide a reversible temperature control benefit.
  • PTM phase transition material
  • phase transition of the present invention incorporates solid to liquid, liquid to vapor, solid to vapor, gel to liquid-crystalline phase changes.
  • preferable phase transition are gel to liquid-crystalline phase or liquid-crystalline to gel phase changes.
  • PTMs reversibly absorb or release heat from the environment at around the phase transition temperature, which is accompanied with a corresponding change in the ambient temperature.
  • the gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition change of the PTMs typically occurs on a prolonged portion such as hydrocarbon part in their molecular structure.
  • the gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition phenomena is typically based on a conformational change between trans- and gauche-forms of the hydrocarbon chains in the molecule.
  • Both gel and liquid-crystalline phases are broadly considered to be solid phases, and there is no major physical property differences.
  • these PTMs are especially preferred, as they typically do not cause any appearance or messiness changes when the phase transition occurs. For example, these PTMs would not become wet, or drip off of a surface, because they do not liquefy. Therefore, this type of gel to liquid-crystalline PTMs may be preferably applied to surfaces directly without being encapsulated or otherwise covered with a plastic film with non-messiness feeling.
  • the same PTMs deposited on a fabric may, for example, absorb excess heat when ambient temperatures suddenly increase.
  • the phase of the PTMs may change from a gel-phase to a liquid-crystalline phase (e.g., when going from an air-conditioned home to the hot outside during the summer). If the ambient temperatures decrease again (e.g., when going back an air-conditioned home from the hot outside), the PTMs will then release the stored heat and the liquid-crystalline phase of the PTMs returns to the gel-phase.
  • the PTMs deposited on a fabric may release stored heat when ambient temperatures suddenly decrease (e.g., when going from a heated home to the cold outside during the winter).
  • the composition of the present invention provides a reversible temperature control benefit.
  • a preferred PTM useful herein is an amphiphilic compound.
  • the amphiphilic compound has a hydrophobic part and a hydrophobic part.
  • the hydrophilic part incorporates a mono- hydrophobic chain, a di- hydrophobic chain, a tri-hydrophobic chain or a mixture thereof.
  • the hydrophilic part is selected from the group consisting of ether, ester, carbonyl, aldehyde, ketone, amide, amine, nitro, sulfide, sulfoxide, sulfone, phosphide, phosphorous or a mixture thereof.
  • Even more preferred PTM is a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula:
  • each R is independently selected from the group consisting of a C -C preferably, C 5 -C ⁇ 8 , more preferably, C 7 -C 17 alkyl, branched alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, branched hydroxyalkyl, or benzyl.
  • Each R* is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a linear alkyl, a branched alkyl, a linear alkenyl, a branched alkenyl, a linear aryl, a branched aryl, or a mixture thereof.
  • Q is an optional moiety. However, if present, each Q is a carbonyl moiety independently selected from the units having the formula:
  • each R ⁇ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a Ci -Cg alkyl, and a C ⁇ -C 6 hydroxyalkyl; and each R 3 is preferably each R 3 is independently selected from hydrogen or a C ⁇ -Cg alkyl. In a more preferred embodiment, each R 3 is independently hydrogen or methyl, even more preferably methyl, and each Q independently has the formula: O O
  • X " is a counter anion, preferably the anion of a strong acid, for example, chloride, bromide, methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, sulfate, or nitrate, , more preferably chloride or methyl sulfate.
  • m has a value of from 1 to 3
  • n has a value of from 0 to 4, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 2.
  • m and n represent average values.
  • PTMs are selected from the group consisting of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl frimethyl ammonium choloride, or a mixture thereof.
  • the preferred PTM of the present invention can also comprise the following compound having the formula:
  • each R, Ri, Q, and X have the definitions given above.
  • R 4 is optional, but preferably, each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a linear alkyl, a branched alkyl, a linear alkenyl, a branched alkenyl, a linear aryl, a branched aryl, or a mixture thereof.
  • the preferred PTM of the present invention may also have the formula:
  • R 1 ⁇ R , and Q are defined as above for Formulas (TH).
  • the preferred PTM of the present invention may also have the formula:
  • R, R ls R 4 , and X are defined as above for Formulas (I-H).
  • phase transition system material is therefore preferably selected from a compound according to Formulas (I) to (IV), or a mixture thereof.
  • PTMs are formulated into the composition of the present invention preferably from about
  • the spray composition of the present invention is a spray composition which is sprayed onto a consumer-treatable surface.
  • a spray composition preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 500 cps, preferably from about 1 cps to about 300 cps. All viscosities herein are measured with HAAKE ViscoTester VT5L, at 25 °C.
  • the shear rate (RPM) and the spindle # (L#) in the viscosity measurement with HAAKE ViscoTester VT5L are changed according to the measured viscosity as follows; 0.1 to 30 cps -» 200 RPM, LI, 30 to 200 cps ⁇ 30 RPM, LI, 200 to 500 cps ⁇ 60 RPM, L2.
  • the spray composition of the present invention preferably contains from about 0.01% to about 100%, more preferably from about 1% to about 60%, and even more preferably from about 3% to about 40% by weight of the phase transition material.
  • the spray composition of the present invention is preferably applied from a self- pressurized or an aerosol spray bottle.
  • Preferred self-pressurized spray bottles are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,111,971 to Winer, issued May 12, 1992; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,232,126 to Winer, issued Aug. 3, 1993.
  • Preferred aerosol spray bottles are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,436,772 to Stebbins, issued Apr. 8, 1969; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,600,325 to Kaufman, et al., issued Aug. 17, 1971.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a rinse composition which is applied to a consumer-treatable surface, especially a fabric, in a rinse cycle of a laundering operation.
  • the rinse composition of the present invention may be applied in a rinse cycle separately, or with a softener, a bleaching agent and/or other rinse-added products.
  • the rinse composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 500 cps.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a dry cycle composition which is applied to the consumer-treatable surface, preferably a fabric surface, inside of a fabric dryer.
  • the dry cycle composition of the present invention is preferably absorbed in/on a dryer-added sheet substrate.
  • the dry cycle composition of the present invention preferably has a weight ratio of PTM to dryer-added sheet substrate of from about 10:1 to about 0.0001:1, more preferably from about 1:1 to about 0.01:1, and even more preferably from about 0.5:1 to about 0.1:1.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a direct application composition which is applied via a direct applicator.
  • the direct applicator is, for example, a package for a pre-treater, an iron, a brush, a sheet, and/or a sponge.
  • a preferred direct applicator is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,048,368 to Tcheou, et al., issued April 11, 2000.
  • the direct application composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 1000 cps. (6)
  • the ironing composition of the present invention is, for example, a package for a pre-treater, an iron, a brush, a sheet, and/or a sponge.
  • a preferred direct applicator is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,048,368 to Tcheou, et al., issued April 11, 2000.
  • the direct application composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention is an ironing composition which is applied to a consumer-treatable surface, preferably a fabric surface, when ironing the consumer- treatable surface.
  • the composition of the present invention When the composition of the present invention is applied in an ironing aid, the composition preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 500 cps.
  • the ironing composition of the present invention is preferably applied with a self- pressurized or an aerosol spray bottle.
  • a self- pressurized or an aerosol spray bottle Such spray bottles are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,111,971 to Winer, issued May 12, 1992; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,436,772 to Stebbins, issued Apr. 8, 1969.
  • composition of the present invention may also include one or more optional ingredients, such as a vesicle-controlling compound and other ingredients.
  • a vesicle-controlling compound such as a vesicle-controlling compound and other ingredients.
  • a vesicle-controlling compound is highly desirable in the present invention.
  • the vesicle-controlling compound changes the vesicle structure of the PTM to make it more stable.
  • Such an interaction between the PTM and the vesicle-controlling compound is hereinafter referred to as the "PTM system”.
  • the vesicle-controlling compound may also control the properties of the PTM to change the phase transition temperature and/or the latent heat in the PTM system.
  • the vesicle-controlling compound is preferably selected from the group consisting of a hydrofrope, a fatty acid, a fatty alcohol, a steroid, an electrolyte, and a mixture thereof.
  • the composition of the present invention may contain up to about 80% of a hydrofrope, preferably from about 1 % to about 40 %, and more preferably from about 2% to about 20% by weight of a hydrofrope.
  • Hydrofropes are generally known in, for example, the fabric softening art.
  • a highly preferred hydrofrope useful herein is selected from the group consisting of hexane diol, ethanol, methanol, and a mixture thereof.
  • the present invention may contain up to about 80% of a fatty acid, preferably from about 0.1 % to 40 %, and more preferably from about 1 % to about 20 % by weight of a fatty acid.
  • a highly preferred fatty acid useful herein is decanoic acid.
  • the present invention may contain fatty alcohol from about 0 % to about 80 %, preferably from about 0.1 % to about 40 %, more preferably from about 1 % to about 20 % by weight of fatty alcohol.
  • a highly preferred fatty alcohol useful herein is tetradecyl alcohol.
  • the present invention may contain steroid compound from about 0 % to about 80 %, preferably from about 1 % to about 40 %, more preferably from about 2% to about 20% by weight of a steroid compound.
  • the preferred steroid useful herein may include steroid alcohol such as cholesterol, or a steroid glycoside such as steroid saponin.
  • the present invention may contain an electrolyte from about 0 % to about 80 %, preferably from about 1 % to about 40 %, more preferably from about 2% to about 20% by weight of an electrolyte.
  • the preferred electrolyte herein is selected from the group consisting of a chloride salt, a sulphate salts or a mixture thereof.
  • composition of the present invention may further contain other ingredients, such as, but not limited to, up to about 10% of a malodor controlling agent.
  • a malodor controlling agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of a cyclodextrin, a perfume, an antimicrobial agent and a mixture thereof.
  • Suitable ingredients including a malodor controlling agent are described in U. S. Patent No. 5,756,444, issued May 26, 1998 to Scott, et al.; and in U. S. Patent No. 5,478,503, issued December 26, 1995 to Ronald.
  • the phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
  • compositions (l)-(5) of Example 2 show rinse cycle compositions of the present invention
  • the phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
  • Example 3 Compositions (l)-(5) of Example 3 show dry cycle compositions of the present invention.
  • the phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
  • compositions (l)-(5) of Example 4 show direct application compositions of the present invention.
  • the phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
  • compositions (l)-(5) of Example 5 show Ironing aid compositions of the present invention.
  • the phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

A composition contains a phase transition material that provides a reversible temperature control benefit. The composition of the present invention is directly applied to a consumer-treatable surface. In addition, there is no messiness feeling when a phase transition change of the phase transition material occurs. Also, if the composition is in a liquid/gel form, it is dried before the phase transition occurs.

Description

A CLIMATE CONTROL COMPOSITION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composition which helps to regulate temperature.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Temperature changes in a climate greatly affect people's lives. Over thousands of years, people have struggled against temperature fluctuations. At first, people learned to cover their bodies with clothing. These clothes may have been made of cotton, silk and other natural fabrics, and in recent times, have been made of chemical materials such as nylon, polyester, etc. As there are many varieties of clothes, people are able to choose and change them depending on both climates and temperatures. For instance, in summer, they may wear thin clothes so as to feel cool, while in winter they may wear thick clothes so as to feel warm.
However, in order to cope with differences in the weather and season, people may need to possess many kinds of clothes. As a result, such clothes may occupy a huge space in their homes and also, they may be expensive, h addition, temperatures/climates change suddenly and frequently within a day or within a season (e.g., from warm inside to cold outside, or from warm daytime to cold night time). Thus, there is a need for more adaptable clothing and products which can reduce the effect of fluctuations in temperature and/or climate.
There have been many attempts to fulfill this desire. For example, some functional fabrics employ phase change materials knitted into the fabric fibers. Other attempts have incorporated phase change materials into inorganic shells, such as those made of silica and attached them to clothing.
However, as these attempts have been developed in the fabric manufacturing industries, they do not provide a consumer with customizable temperature control, nor do they allow a consumer to vary the clothes to which they are applied, as these benefits are permanently affixed to a specific fabric. Thus, there is still a need for a composition which provides easy and customizable temperature control for home-use. Furthermore the need exists for a composition which enables consumers to control the climate and/or temperature of their preferred clothes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a composition having a phase transition material that provides a temperature control benefit. The composition is directly applied to a consumer- treatable surface, including a hard surface such as walls, floors, ceilings, a soft surface including clothes, shoes, gloves, socks, curtains and human or animal skin and dried. Also, there is no messiness feeling when a phase change transition of the phase transition material occurs, preferably, also when the composition is directly applied to the consumer treatable surface. If the composition is in a liquid/gel form, it is dried before a phase transition occurs.
The temperature control benefit can noticeably increase or decrease the temperature of the climate around the surface, so as to make the climate more comfortable.
These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become evident to those skilled in the art from a reading of the present disclosure with the appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following is a list of definitions for terms used herein.
"Comprising" means that other steps and other ingredients which do not affect the end result can be added. This term encompasses the terms "consisting of and "consisting essentially of.
"Directly applied" means that consumers apply the composition of the present invention to a surface directly. For example, consumers can apply the material to a surface by a spray, a rinse cycle, a dry cycle, a wash cycle, a direct application, and a combination thereof. As used herein, this term excludes the situation where the material is packed by, or covered with a covering such as a plastic film, and therefore does not contact the consumer-treatable surface. A direct application method is exemplified as an iron, a brush, a sheet, a sponge, a spray, etc.
"Reversible temperature control" means that when the composition is applied to a surface (i.e., the applied surface"), that surface can maintain a temperature higher or lower than a corresponding surface to which the composition has not been applied (i.e., the "non-applied surface"). This is especially the case when a sudden or quick temperature change occurs in the environment. For example, when the environmental temperature goes down, the temperature of the applied surface may be kept higher than the non-applied surface. Similarly, when the environmental temperature goes up, the temperature of the applied surface may be kept lower than the non-applied surface.
"Consumer-treatable surface" means any type of hard surface, soft surface, skin surface, etc. Preferred examples of a hard surface includes walls, floors or ceilings of homes, hotels or cars. Preferred examples of a soft surface includes clothes, shoes, gloves, socks or curtains. Preferred examples of a skin surface includes human skin and animal skin, including areas covered by fur, hair, etc. In the present invention, the consumer-treatable surface can be located either inside of a house or even outside of a house.
"Messiness feeling" means that the treated surface gets wet, dirty, or stained because of the application of the product.
"Non-Messiness feeling" means that the treated surface does not give rise to a change in feeling according to the sense of touch, sight or smell. This term is defined by a PSU (Panel Score Unit) test. If the total PSU score is less than -2 in comparison between the applied surface and the non-applied surface, then it is considered to be messiness difference in the present invention.
More specifically, the PSU test is a sensory evaluation by touch, sight, and smell. The test is conducted based on a pair-comparison which compares two groups of surfaces; i.e., one surface to which the present invention has been applied and dried (i.e., the applied surface), and a control surface (i.e., the non-applied surface. The applied surface is graded vs. the corresponding control surface on a scale of from 0 to ± 4 by 3 qualified graders. The number is the average of 3 graders' grades. Each grade is defined as follows; 0 = No difference, 1 = 1 think I feel a difference, 2 = 1 know I feel a difference, 3 = 1 feel a clear difference, 4 = 1 feel a significant difference. A positive number indicates that the applied surface is better than the control. A negative number indicates the applied surface is worse than control. As shown below, there is no messiness feeling when the phase transition occurs. In the present invention, preferably, there is also no messiness feeling when the composition is directly applied to the consumer-treatable surface. Technical data of a PSU test is described as follows.
Figure imgf000005_0001
*1: Main phase transition temperature between gel and liquid crystal phases. *2: Melting temperature between solid and liquid phases.
^3: Liquid Crystal
"Main phase transition temperature" means the phase transition point between solid and liquid crystalline phase, or between a gel and liquid crystalline phase, as appropriate, of the material, preferably the phase transition material in the present invention when it is dried. If there is more than one phase transition point, then the "main phase transition temperature" means the phase transition point which accompanies the largest latent heat generation or absorption.
In the present invention, the main phase transition temperature is measured as follows:
The composition which is dried at 25 °C for 1 day, is measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (e.g., a Shimazu DSC-50 Calorimeter). This measures the main phase transition temperature and latent heat during heating and cooling at 0.1-20 °C/min of heating rate from a range of from -40 °C to 70 °C. Technical data of a DSC measurement is described as follows.
Figure imgf000006_0001
E*α Up Temperature CC) Unwas.iv-.sH TAri
Preferably, the composition of the present invention has a main phase transition temperature of from about 20 °C to about 40 °C, preferably, from about 25 °C to about 35 °C when in a dried condition.
All percentages are by weight of total composition unless specifically stated otherwise. All cited references are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Citation of any reference is not an admission regarding any determination as to its availability as prior art to the claimed invention. All ratios are weight ratios unless specifically stated otherwise.
The present invention, in its product aspects, is described in detail as follows.
The Composition Of The Present Invention (H A phase transition material The composition of the present invention has a phase transition material (PTM) which can provide a reversible temperature control benefit.
PTMs possess a latent heat and show a phase transition phenomena between phases at a phase transition temperature. The phase transition of the present invention incorporates solid to liquid, liquid to vapor, solid to vapor, gel to liquid-crystalline phase changes. In the present invention, preferable phase transition are gel to liquid-crystalline phase or liquid-crystalline to gel phase changes. At these phase changes, PTMs reversibly absorb or release heat from the environment at around the phase transition temperature, which is accompanied with a corresponding change in the ambient temperature.
The gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition change of the PTMs typically occurs on a prolonged portion such as hydrocarbon part in their molecular structure. Although not intending to be limited by theory, it is believed that the gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition phenomena is typically based on a conformational change between trans- and gauche-forms of the hydrocarbon chains in the molecule. Both gel and liquid-crystalline phases are broadly considered to be solid phases, and there is no major physical property differences. Thus, these PTMs are especially preferred, as they typically do not cause any appearance or messiness changes when the phase transition occurs. For example, these PTMs would not become wet, or drip off of a surface, because they do not liquefy. Therefore, this type of gel to liquid-crystalline PTMs may be preferably applied to surfaces directly without being encapsulated or otherwise covered with a plastic film with non-messiness feeling.
Furthermore, in the fabric care context, it is believed that the same PTMs deposited on a fabric may, for example, absorb excess heat when ambient temperatures suddenly increase. At the same time, the phase of the PTMs may change from a gel-phase to a liquid-crystalline phase (e.g., when going from an air-conditioned home to the hot outside during the summer). If the ambient temperatures decrease again (e.g., when going back an air-conditioned home from the hot outside), the PTMs will then release the stored heat and the liquid-crystalline phase of the PTMs returns to the gel-phase. Also the PTMs deposited on a fabric may release stored heat when ambient temperatures suddenly decrease (e.g., when going from a heated home to the cold outside during the winter). Thus, the composition of the present invention provides a reversible temperature control benefit.
A preferred PTM useful herein is an amphiphilic compound. The amphiphilic compound has a hydrophobic part and a hydrophobic part. The hydrophilic part incorporates a mono- hydrophobic chain, a di- hydrophobic chain, a tri-hydrophobic chain or a mixture thereof. The hydrophilic part is selected from the group consisting of ether, ester, carbonyl, aldehyde, ketone, amide, amine, nitro, sulfide, sulfoxide, sulfone, phosphide, phosphorous or a mixture thereof. Even more preferred PTM is a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula:
Figure imgf000008_0001
(I), and mixtures thereof. In the above formula, each R is independently selected from the group consisting of a C -C preferably, C5-Cι8, more preferably, C7-C17 alkyl, branched alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, branched hydroxyalkyl, or benzyl. Each R* is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a linear alkyl, a branched alkyl, a linear alkenyl, a branched alkenyl, a linear aryl, a branched aryl, or a mixture thereof. Q is an optional moiety. However, if present, each Q is a carbonyl moiety independently selected from the units having the formula:
O O R O O R^
o- O ■ N N
O
O R O O - R O
O C 0 > CH 0 C ' CH CH2 O C wherein each R^ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a Ci -Cg alkyl, and a Cι-C6 hydroxyalkyl; and each R3 is preferably each R3 is independently selected from hydrogen or a C^-Cg alkyl. In a more preferred embodiment, each R3 is independently hydrogen or methyl, even more preferably methyl, and each Q independently has the formula: O O
O or NH C
In the above formulas, X" is a counter anion, preferably the anion of a strong acid, for example, chloride, bromide, methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, sulfate, or nitrate, , more preferably chloride or methyl sulfate. In the above formulas, m has a value of from 1 to 3, while n has a value of from 0 to 4, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 2. Preferably, m and n represent average values. Even more preferable PTMs are selected from the group consisting of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl frimethyl ammonium choloride, or a mixture thereof.
The preferred PTM of the present invention can also comprise the following compound having the formula:
Figure imgf000009_0001
wherein each R, Ri, Q, and X have the definitions given above. R4 is optional, but preferably, each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a linear alkyl, a branched alkyl, a linear alkenyl, a branched alkenyl, a linear aryl, a branched aryl, or a mixture thereof.
The preferred PTM of the present invention may also have the formula:
Figure imgf000009_0002
wherein R1} R , and Q are defined as above for Formulas (TH).
The preferred PTM of the present invention may also have the formula:
Figure imgf000009_0003
wherein R, Rls R4, and X are defined as above for Formulas (I-H).
The phase transition system material is therefore preferably selected from a compound according to Formulas (I) to (IV), or a mixture thereof.
PTMs are formulated into the composition of the present invention preferably from about
0.01% to about 100%, more preferably from about 1% to about 60%, and even more preferably from about 3% to about 40% by weight.
CΣ The spray composition of the present invention One preferred embodiment of the present invention is a spray composition which is sprayed onto a consumer-treatable surface. Such a spray composition preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 500 cps, preferably from about 1 cps to about 300 cps. All viscosities herein are measured with HAAKE ViscoTester VT5L, at 25 °C. The shear rate (RPM) and the spindle # (L#) in the viscosity measurement with HAAKE ViscoTester VT5L are changed according to the measured viscosity as follows; 0.1 to 30 cps -» 200 RPM, LI, 30 to 200 cps → 30 RPM, LI, 200 to 500 cps → 60 RPM, L2. The spray composition of the present invention preferably contains from about 0.01% to about 100%, more preferably from about 1% to about 60%, and even more preferably from about 3% to about 40% by weight of the phase transition material.
The spray composition of the present invention is preferably applied from a self- pressurized or an aerosol spray bottle. Preferred self-pressurized spray bottles are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,111,971 to Winer, issued May 12, 1992; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,232,126 to Winer, issued Aug. 3, 1993. Preferred aerosol spray bottles are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,436,772 to Stebbins, issued Apr. 8, 1969; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,600,325 to Kaufman, et al., issued Aug. 17, 1971.
(3) The rinse composition of the present invention
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a rinse composition which is applied to a consumer-treatable surface, especially a fabric, in a rinse cycle of a laundering operation. The rinse composition of the present invention may be applied in a rinse cycle separately, or with a softener, a bleaching agent and/or other rinse-added products. The rinse composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 500 cps.
(4) The dry cycle composition of the present invention
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a dry cycle composition which is applied to the consumer-treatable surface, preferably a fabric surface, inside of a fabric dryer. The dry cycle composition of the present invention is preferably absorbed in/on a dryer-added sheet substrate. The dry cycle composition of the present invention preferably has a weight ratio of PTM to dryer-added sheet substrate of from about 10:1 to about 0.0001:1, more preferably from about 1:1 to about 0.01:1, and even more preferably from about 0.5:1 to about 0.1:1.
(5) The direct application composition of the present invention
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a direct application composition which is applied via a direct applicator. The direct applicator is, for example, a package for a pre-treater, an iron, a brush, a sheet, and/or a sponge. A preferred direct applicator is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,048,368 to Tcheou, et al., issued April 11, 2000. The direct application composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 1000 cps. (6) The ironing composition of the present invention
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is an ironing composition which is applied to a consumer-treatable surface, preferably a fabric surface, when ironing the consumer- treatable surface. When the composition of the present invention is applied in an ironing aid, the composition preferably has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 500 cps.
The ironing composition of the present invention is preferably applied with a self- pressurized or an aerosol spray bottle. Such spray bottles are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,111,971 to Winer, issued May 12, 1992; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,436,772 to Stebbins, issued Apr. 8, 1969.
Optional Ingredients
The composition of the present invention may also include one or more optional ingredients, such as a vesicle-controlling compound and other ingredients. (1) Vesicle-controlling compound:
Since many PTMs mix with water to form vesicles, rather than completely dissolving to form true solutions, a vesicle-controlling compound is highly desirable in the present invention. The vesicle-controlling compound changes the vesicle structure of the PTM to make it more stable. Such an interaction between the PTM and the vesicle-controlling compound is hereinafter referred to as the "PTM system". The vesicle-controlling compound may also control the properties of the PTM to change the phase transition temperature and/or the latent heat in the PTM system.
The vesicle-controlling compound is preferably selected from the group consisting of a hydrofrope, a fatty acid, a fatty alcohol, a steroid, an electrolyte, and a mixture thereof.
The composition of the present invention may contain up to about 80% of a hydrofrope, preferably from about 1 % to about 40 %, and more preferably from about 2% to about 20% by weight of a hydrofrope. Hydrofropes are generally known in, for example, the fabric softening art. A highly preferred hydrofrope useful herein is selected from the group consisting of hexane diol, ethanol, methanol, and a mixture thereof. The present invention may contain up to about 80% of a fatty acid, preferably from about 0.1 % to 40 %, and more preferably from about 1 % to about 20 % by weight of a fatty acid. A highly preferred fatty acid useful herein is decanoic acid.
The present invention may contain fatty alcohol from about 0 % to about 80 %, preferably from about 0.1 % to about 40 %, more preferably from about 1 % to about 20 % by weight of fatty alcohol. A highly preferred fatty alcohol useful herein is tetradecyl alcohol.
The present invention may contain steroid compound from about 0 % to about 80 %, preferably from about 1 % to about 40 %, more preferably from about 2% to about 20% by weight of a steroid compound. The preferred steroid useful herein may include steroid alcohol such as cholesterol, or a steroid glycoside such as steroid saponin.
The present invention may contain an electrolyte from about 0 % to about 80 %, preferably from about 1 % to about 40 %, more preferably from about 2% to about 20% by weight of an electrolyte. The preferred electrolyte herein is selected from the group consisting of a chloride salt, a sulphate salts or a mixture thereof.
(2) Other ingredients
The composition of the present invention may further contain other ingredients, such as, but not limited to, up to about 10% of a malodor controlling agent. If present herein, the malodor control agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of a cyclodextrin, a perfume, an antimicrobial agent and a mixture thereof.
Suitable ingredients including a malodor controlling agent are described in U. S. Patent No. 5,756,444, issued May 26, 1998 to Scott, et al.; and in U. S. Patent No. 5,478,503, issued December 26, 1995 to Ronald.
The aspects and embodiments of the invention set forth in this document have many advantages, including reversible temperature control; no messiness feeling when the phase transition occurs; an easily-affordible price; providing softness and smoothness efficacy on fabrics; and moderating sudden/rapid temperature changes.
EXAMPLES
The following examples further describe and demonstrate the preferred embodiments within the scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention since many variations thereof are possible without departing from its spirit and scope.
Example 1
Figure imgf000013_0001
*1: Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
*2: Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
*3: Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride
*4: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and/or methylated cyclodexfrin.
*5: Hexadecyl dimethyl benzalkonium chloride
The phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
Example 2
Compositions (l)-(5) of Example 2 show rinse cycle compositions of the present invention
Figure imgf000014_0001
* 1 : Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
*2: Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
*3: Dodecyl frimethyl ammonium chloride
*4 : 1 -Hydroxyethane- 1 , 1 -diphosphonate
*5: Hexadecyl dimethyl benzalkonium chloride
The phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
Example 3 Compositions (l)-(5) of Example 3 show dry cycle compositions of the present invention.
Figure imgf000015_0001
*1: Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride *2: Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride *3: Dodecyl frimethyl ammonium chloride
*4: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and/or methylated cyclodexfrin. *5: Hexadecyl dimethyl benzalkonium chloride
The phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
Example 4
Compositions (l)-(5) of Example 4 show direct application compositions of the present invention.
Figure imgf000015_0002
:1: Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride *2: Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride *3: Dodecyl frimethyl ammonium chloride *4: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and/or methylated cyclodexfrin. *5: Hexadecyl dimethyl benzalkonium chloride
The phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
Example 5
Compositions (l)-(5) of Example 5 show Ironing aid compositions of the present invention.
Figure imgf000016_0001
*1: Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
*2: Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
*3: Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride
*4: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and/or methylated cyclodextrin.
*5: Hexadecyl dimethyl benzalkonium chloride
The phase transition temperature of (l)-(5) are from 20 degrees C to 28 degrees C.
It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to one skilled in the art and are to be included in the spirit and purview of this application and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A composition comprising a phase transition material that provides a reversible temperature control benefit, wherein the composition is directly applied to a consumer-treatable surface and wherein there is no messiness feeling when a phase transition change occurs, and wherein if the composition is in a liquid/gel form, it is dried before a phase transition occurs.
2. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein there is also no messiness feeling when the composition is directly applied to the consumer-treatable surface.
3. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein the composition is applied by a method selected from the group consisting of a spray, a wash or rinse cycle, a dry cycle, a direct application, an ironing process and a combination thereof.
4. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein the composition has a main phase transition temperature of from about 20 °C to about 40 °C when in a dried condition.
5. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein the phase transition material comprises an amphiphilic compound, wherein the amphiphilic compound has a hydrophobic part, wherein the hydrophilic part is selected from the group consisting of ether, ester, carbonyl, aldenyde, ketone, amide, amine, nitro, sulfide, sulfoxide, sulfone, phosphide, phosphorous or a mixture thereof.
6. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein the phase fransition material has a formula selected from the group consisting of:
X '
( I ),
Figure imgf000017_0001
Figure imgf000018_0001
and a mixture thereof, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of a C1-C22 alkyl, branched C1-C22 alkyl, a C1 -C22 hydroxyalkyl, a branched C1 -C22 hydroxyalkyl, and benzyl; each R! is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a linear alkyl, a branched alkyl, a linear alkenyl, a branched alkenyl, a linear aryl, a branched aryl, or a mixture thereof; Q is optional, but if present, each Q is independently a carbonyl moiety or independently selected from the units having the formula: O O O o R
O - O N N .
O
O R O O - -R O
O o -CH • 0 CH CH2 O wherein each R^ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C^-Cg alkyl, and a -Cβ hydroxyalkyl; and each R^ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C^-Cg alkyl, preferably each R3 is independently a C^-Cg alkyl, and wherein each R3 is independently hydrogen or methyl, more preferably methyl, and each Q independently has the formula:
O O
O or NH X" is a counter anion, preferably the anion of a strong acid, more preferably, selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, sulfate, nitrate and a mixture thereof, even more preferably chloride or methyl sulfate, wherein the index m has a value of from 1 to 3; the index n has a value of from 0 to 4, and wherein R4 is optional, but if exist, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a linear alkyl, a branched alkyl, a linear alkenyl, a branched alkenyl, a linear aryl, a branched aryl, or a mixture thereof.
7. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein the composition comprises at least 0.01% by weight of the phase transition material, wherein the composition is applied by a spray, and wherein the composition has a main phase transition temperature of from about 20 °C to about 40 °C when in a dried condition.
8. The composition according to Claim 1, wherein the composition comprises at least 0.01% by weight of the phase transition material, wherein the composition is applied by a rinse cycle and wherein the composition has a main phase transition temperature of from about 20 °C to about 40 °C when in a dried condition.
9. The composition according to Claim 1, comprising at least 0.01% by weight of a phase transition material, wherein the composition is absorbed in dryer-added sheet substrate and applied by a dry cycle and wherein the composition has a main phase transition temperature of from about 20 °C to 40 °C in a dried condition.
10. The composition according to Claim 1, comprising at least 0.01% by weight of a phase transition material, and wherein the composition has a viscosity of from about 0.1 cps to about 1000 cps, wherein the composition is applied by a direct application and wherein the composition has a main phase transition temperature of from about 20 °C to 40 °C in a dried condition.
11. The composition according to Claim 1, comprising at least 0.01% by weight of a phase transition material, wherein the composition is applied by a wash cycle and wherein the composition has a main phase transition temperature of from about 20 °C to 40 °C in a dried condition.
12. The composition according to any one of Claims 7-11, further comprising a malodor- controlling agent.
13. The composition according to Claim 7-11, further comprising a vesicle-controlling compound.
14. The composition according to Claim 13, wherein the weight ratio of the phase transition material to the vesicle-controlling compound is from about 1:99 to about 99:1.
15. A method for providing a reversible temperature control benefit comprising the step of applying the composition directly to a consumer-treatable surface, wherein the composition is directly applied to a consumer-treatable surface and wherein there is no messiness feeling when a phase transition change occurs and wherein if the composition is in a liquid/gel form, it is dried before a phase transition occurs.
16. A product comprising the composition according to Claim 1, wherein the product has a set of instructions recommend to apply the composition directly to a consumer-freatable surface and wherein if the composition is in a liquid/gel form, the set of instructions further recommend to dry the product before the phase transition is occurs.
PCT/US2002/024988 2001-08-08 2002-08-07 A climate control composition WO2003014460A1 (en)

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WO2008058833A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Unilever Plc Fabric treatment method and composition
WO2013087365A1 (en) 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Unilever Plc Fabric treatment
WO2013087367A1 (en) 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Unilever Plc Fabric treatment
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