WO2003001057A1

WO2003001057A1 - Graviton pressure conversion chamber

Info

Publication number: WO2003001057A1
Application number: PCT/US2002/007614
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dale R. Bervig
Original assignee: Turvitron Energy Systems, Llc
Priority date: 2001-03-15
Filing date: 2002-03-14
Publication date: 2003-01-03

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for converting stored graviton pressure into electrical energy. Graviton pressure energy is concentrated by storing a fluid at a depth such that the fluid attains a pressure of 14 pounds per square inch or greater. The graviton pressure charged fluid is directed to flow through a graviton pressure conversion chamber to convert stored graviton pressure into motion. The motion produced within the graviton pressure conversion chamber is used to turn a turbine which is operatively connected to an electrical generator.

Description

GRAVITON PRESSURE CONVERSION CHAMBER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to an apparatus for producing energy. More particularly, the present invention relates to a device for efficiently converting stored graviton pressure (produced by the naturally occurring graviton/mass interaction process) into a usable energy form such as motion or electricity. 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART

One of the most intriguing, and perhaps frustrating, problems in modern physics is the apparent inability to reconcile its two main theoretical foundations. Einstein's general theory of relativity, which ties the force of gravity to the structure of space and time, has had many observational successes, including black holes and the expanding universe. Further, the theory of relativity has led to a greater understanding of the evolution of the universe. Quantum mechanics, which describes the atomic and subatomic world, has likewise met with extraordinary observational success, accounting for phenomena such as x-rays and the photoelectric effect, and paving the way for technologies such as lasers and nuclear energy. The apparent incompatibility of the two theories (due to various mathematical inconsistencies between the two) has been a cause of consternation among physicists for many years. In fact, Einstein spent the last 30 years of his life unsuccessfully attempting to arrive at a unified theory.

Experimentally, it is known that only four basic forces exist in nature. These forces are: a) the electromagnetic force; b) the gravitational force; c) the weak nuclear force; and d) the strong nuclear force.

The first two forces listed are familiar in every day life. The electromagnetic force is responsible for such phenomena as light and radio waves, while the gravitational force is responsible for the phenomenon of gravity, which is observed on a daily basis. The weak nuclear force operates within the nuclei of atoms. It is responsible for types of radioactivity known as beta decay. The strong nuclear force, on the other hand, while also operating within the nuclei of atoms, is not responsible for decay, but rather holds atomic nuclei together. Each of these forces is carried by a corresponding particle or, in the case of the weak nuclear force, particles. The electromagnetic force is carried by the photon, the strong nuclear force by the gluon, and the weak nuclear force by W and Z particles. The gravitational force is carried by the graviton.

As noted above, a fundamental endeavor in modern physics has been the attempt to create a unified theory of physics - a single theory in which all four of the forces, and their corresponding particles, arise naturally. Until now, the theory most substantially confirmed by experimental results is what is known as the Standard Model. The Standard Model explains three interactions: 1) electromagnetic; 2) weak nuclear; and 3) strong nuclear. Due to mathematical inconsistencies, however, no one has been able to incorporate gravity into the Standard Model. Further, the Standard Model requires that one assume the existence of distinct forces and carriers, rather than providing them as a natural consequence of the theory. A true unified theory should predict the various forces and their corresponding particles, as well as the values, such as strength of interaction, associated with such particles. Many prominent theoretical physicists look to Superstring theory to provide the mathematical framework for a unified theory.

The central premise of Superstring theory is that what we observed as subatomic, point-like particles are in reality extraordinary small one-dimensional string-like objects. In what appears to be its most promising version, Superstring theory proposes that elementary particles exist in a ten-dimensional space-time and vibrate in each of these ten dimensions. Different vibrational states of these strings correspond to different elementary particles, much as different vibrational states of a guitar string correspond to different musical notes. For example, photons, electrons, and gravitons are all really strings, each with its own vibrational pattern. Exchanging point-like elementary particles for strings may not seem like a substantial change in humanity's view of the universe, but the effects are dramatic.

At its origin, string theory was introduced in an attempt to describe the strong nuclear force. The theory was troubling, however, in that it predicted a massless particle with two units of spin that physicists at the time wanted nothing to do with. The theory also required ten dimensions (nine of space and one of time) rather than the familiar four dimensions (three of space and one of time) observed in the universe. String theory was thus discarded in favor of quantum chromodynamics, which provided what is now thought of as the correct description of the strong nuclear force. String theory re-emerged, however, with the incorporation of supersymmetry (the idea that for every boson, a particle which transmits a force, there is a corresponding fermion, a particle that makes up matter), to provide a new theory known as Superstring theory. Among the particles arising under Superstring theory as vibrational states of the strings are particles similar to known particles such as electrons, and quarks, to name a few. Also present are particles similar to photons, W and Z particles, and gluons - the known force carriers for three of the four fundamental forces. The existence of a massless particle with two units of spin was no longer considered a problem because these are precisely the properties determined by Einstein's theory of General Relativity to be necessary for a graviton. Thus, with Superstring theory, the graviton particle occurs naturally within the mathematical framework of the theory. As for the ten dimensions required by Superstring theory, once the theory incorporated gravity, the problem became less troubling. It is known from general relativity that gravity and space-time are tied together, and that the geometry of space-time is dynamically determined. Thus, with Superstring theory, it became possible to imagine that the six spatial dimensions not observed in the every day world are curled up to such an extent that they are too small to be noticed. These curled spatial dimensions are too small to be directly observed by human technology, but are large enough (relatively speaking) that the one-dimensional strings that make up the universe are able to vibrate in each of them. The curling up of the extra dimensions is also useful in explaining other aspects of the theory, such as why symmetry appears to be broken, but those discussions are beyond the scope of the present invention.

Due to the exciting relevations about our universe provided by Superstring theory, experimental confirmation of the predictions of Superstring theory is of paramount importance. As each prediction is confirmed, physicists become increasingly convinced that Superstring theory does, in fact, provide the correct description of our physical universe. The present device is able to test certain predictions made by Superstring theory. In the process, the device is able to produce usable energy from the stored graviton pressure produced by the graviton/mass interaction process.

A variety of energy-producing devices are known in the art. Devices for efficiently producing readily usable energy from gravity, however, are not well- known, and such a device would be extremely advantageous as an alternative to fossil fuels, which are now the primary energy sources utilized throughout the world. Exciting developments in the field of theoretical physics has provided a framework in which engineers may design devices useful in energy from gravitational sources, as well in experimentally testing some of the theories of modern physics. The present invention is just such a device.

U.S. Patent No. 6,160,336, issued to Baker, Jr. et al., discloses a peak power energy storage device and gravitational wave generator. The device consists of a large scale flywheel supported by a fluid bearing. During off-peak periods, the flywheel is caused to rotate, and maintain rotation, at a predetermined speed. When needed, the rotational movement of the flywheel is used to produce energy. The device also purports to generate gravitational waves during the slow-down of the flywheel in the energy production stage. Whether the device does or does not do so is irrelevant with respect to the present invention and therefore will not be considered here. U.S. Patent No. 4,095,429, issued to Morey, discloses a solar gravity engine.

The device utilizes the difference in temperatures and pressures at vertical heights in the atmosphere to create an evaporating and condensing system that can be used to produce electrical or other power. The device must be large enough that there exists a substantial difference between the external ambient temperature at the evaporator area (which is, for example, at ground level) and the condensing area (which exists that some vertical height in the atmosphere). Construction of the device may be facilitated by building the device adjacent to some other vertically extending element, such as a mountain. U.S. Patent No. 4,100,743, issued to Trumbull et al., discloses a gravity engine. With this device, elements, such as spheroids, are accelerated upwardly, against the force of gravity, by the expansion of a gas or fluid medium within an expansion chamber. As these spheroids are forced upward, they acquire potential energy. Once the spheroids reach the maximum height allowed by the device, they are directed towards a second chamber in which they are allowed to descend by the force of gravity. An energy conversion means, such as a wheel, is adapted to receive the spheroids and convert at least a portion of the potential energy into another form of energy, while directing the spheroids back into the expansion chamber. The cycle then repeats. _^

3. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a device for generating electricity from stored graviton pressure. The device directs fluid containing graviton pressure, stored at a depth, through a graviton pressure conversion chamber. As the fluid flows through the graviton pressure conversion chamber, the pressure produced as a result of the interaction of graviton particles with mass particles is converted into motion. This motion is used to turn a turbine operatively connected to an electrical generator.

The present invention further provides a method for converting stored graviton pressure into electricity. The method is accomplished by allowing fluid containing graviton pressure, stored at a depth, to flow through a graviton pressure conversion chamber. As the fluid flows through the graviton pressure conversion chamber, the pressure produced as a result of the interaction of graviton particles with mass particles is converted into motion. The motion produced is used to turn a turbine operatively connected to an electrical generator. . . .

The present invention further provides a device for testing certain predictions of Superstring theory, namely, that a connection exists between the electron and the graviton, and that the umverse is composed of multiple spatial dimensions as opposed to the three spatial dimensions commonly observed in everyday life. The device provides a means of pumping fluid to a height such that the photon pressure contained at a depth within the fluid is 14 pounds per square inch or greater. Operatively positioned at the depth within the fluid, a graviton pressure conversion chamber is provided, through which the fluid is able to flow. A vacuum system is provided such that atmospheric pressure can be removed from the system. The flow of the fluid through the graviton pressure conversion chamber can be observed at various atmospheric pressures, and changes in fluid flow as the pressure changes can also be observed.

These and other advantageous features of the present invention will be in part apparent and in part pointed out herein below. 4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the Turvitron™ test system. Magnified views a) and b) illustrate the classical flow condition and full flow condition, respectively, of fluid flowing through the graviton pressure conversion chamber. FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration depicting the movement of a unit of fluid through the graviton pressure conversion chamber and the forces at work upon the unit of fluid. Figure 2a illustrates the movement of a unit of fluid through the chamber; Figure 2b illustrates the forces at work on a unit of fluid passing through the graviton pressure conversion chamber according to classical theory, which does not take into account the stored graviton pressure energy contained within the unit of fluid; Figure 2c illustrates the forces at work on a unit of fluid passing through the graviton pressure conversion chamber according to the true theory, which takes into account the stored graviton pressure energy contained within the unit of fluid. FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of the Turvitron™ power system.

FIG 4. is a magnified schematic illustration of the graviton pressure conversion chamber of the Turvitron™ power system of Figure 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an alternative embodiment of the Turvitron™ power system.

FIG. 6 is a magnified schematic illustration of the graviton pressure conversion chamber of the Turvitron™ power system of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a graph summarizing the operation of the Turvitron™ power system. Figure 7a illustrates the operation of the power system according to classical theory; Figure 7b illustrates the operation of the power system according to the true theory, which takes into account the energy contribution of the graviton.

FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the energy ratio curves for the Turvitron™ power system. 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Before turning to Figure 1, some introductory material is required. Quantum physicists have pointed out in recent articles on Superstring theory that there is a connection between the subatomic particle called the graviton and the electron. It may be possible to produce electricity by using a process that exploits this connection between the two particles. The present device utilizes a process, identified for the purposes of this document as the graviton pressure conversion process, in order to convert stored graviton pressure into motion. The term "graviton pressure" is used for the purposes of this document to describe pressure, such as atmospheric pressure, generated by the interaction of gravitons with particles of mass. In order to better explain the graviton pressure conversion process, one can draw an analogy to the more familiar energy conversion process which converts chemical energy into heat. Chemical energy is the result of the interaction between photons and organic material. Living organisms capture energy from photons originating at the sun and utilize that energy in growth and in the maintenance of functions necessary to life. The net result is that chemical energy is stored within organic materials such as wood, oil, gas and coal. Since the stored chemical energy is found in a state of equilibrium, a process is required to release the stored chemical energy. This can be defined as a thermal conversion process. Once a thermal conversion process is started, useful forms of energy such as pressure, motion, and electricity are readily obtained by utilizing the appropriate energy conversion equipment.

Atmospheric pressure is the result of interactions between gravitons and mass particles. Just as photons are force-carrying particles that are radiated from the sun to the earth, gravitons are also force-carrying particles that are exchanged between all bodies of mass, such as the sun, earth, moon, etc. As gravitons interact with mass particles, they tend to force the mass particles towards the center of a large mass, such as the earth. For example, gravitons responsible for the earth's gravitational pull interact with air mass particles, pulling them towards the center of the planet. Without this interaction, the earth's atmosphere would not be possible. This same graviton/mass particle interaction process is responsible for the graviton-developed

pressure involved in the Turvitron™ test system, and described below. Gravitons also

interact with fluid mass particles, thus fluid at or near the bottom of a reservoir is under high pressure because of the combined graviton/air mass and graviton/fluid mass interaction processes. The graviton-developed pressure involved in the

operation of the Turvitron™ power system includes both the graviton/air mass particle

and graviton/fluid mass particle interactions, and is described below.

The net result of these interactions is that energy is stored in the form of pressure, such as atmospheric pressure or the pressure energy stored in fluid at a depth in the ocean or in a reservoir. These stored energy forms can be collectively designated graviton pressure. Since this stored pressure is also found in a state of equilibrium, a new energy release process is required to convert this pressure into other useful energy forms. This new release process is referred to in this document as the graviton pressure conversion process. The graviton pressure conversion process can convert stored graviton pressure, developed by the interaction between gravitons and mass particles, into motion that can be used to produce electricity.

Energy input is required to start the thermal process that converts photon- developed chemical energy into heat which can be used to produce motion or electricity. Certain parameters must be met in order for the thermal conversion process to occur. For instance, a sufficient amount of stored photon-developed chemical energy is required, a sufficient amount of oxygen is required, and the external energy input must be sufficient for the stored chemical energy to reach its release (combustion) point. Likewise, certain parameters must be met in order for the graviton pressure conversion process to occur. A sufficient amount of stored graviton-developed pressure energy is required, a sufficient photon-provided pressure/graviton-provided pressure ((P(p)/P(g)) ratio is required, proper flow tube entrance geometries and length/diameter ratios are required, the appropriate dynamic flow release rate is required, and the external input energy must be sufficient for the stored graviton-developed pressure energy to reach its release point.

Figure 1 depicts the Turvitron™ test system 40 that has been developed to

verify that the graviton pressure conversion process does, in fact, work. Vertical cylinder 66 is filled with water 62 to a height of 38.1 feet (16.5 psi). At this point, the P(p)/P(g) ratio is equal to 1.12. The level of water 62, h, above graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 is maintained by diesel-powered water pump 50, which forces water 62 into vertical cylinder 66 along return flow pipe 56. The pressure produced by the fluid head, h, is referred to as photon pressure since it was developed by diesel- powered pump 50. Air mass particles 65, which comprise the atmosphere in air chamber 68, interact with gravitons 63 to exert graviton pressure on water 62 contained within vertical cylinder 66. Also, air mass particles 65, which comprise the atmosphere in air chamber 69, interact with gravitons 63 to exert graviton pressure in horizontal cylinder 70. The graviton pressure in air chambers 68 and 69 are in equilibrium due to air pipe connection 54. The total pressure stored within unit of fluid 148, shown in Figures 2a, 2b, and 2c, is due to the combined effect of photon pressure P(p) provided by diesel powered water pump 50 and stored graviton pressure P(g) provided by the graviton/air mass interaction process. The required parameters

will be discussed in more detail below, during the discussion of the Turvitron™ power

system. Water 62 flows from an area near the top of vertical cylinder 66, along the axial length of vertical cylinder 66 to an area near the bottom. Water 62 then flows into reservoir 70 via graviton pressure conversion chamber 58. Water 62 from reservoir 70 is pumped, by diesel powered water pump 50, through return flow pipe 56 and back into vertical cylinder 66.

Vacuum system 52 is used to reduce the graviton pressure P(g) in Turvitron™

test system 40. This is accomplished by using vacuum system 52 to remove air mass particles 65 from both air chambers 68 and 69.

The flow rate of water 62 through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 is measured by pressure gauge 74. The graviton pressure P(g) in common air chambers 68 and 69 is measured by pressure gauge 60. The photon pressure P(p) due to the fluid head, h, of water 62 that is provided by diesel powered water pump 50 is measured by pressure gauge 59.

For Turvitron™ test system 40, each unit of fluid 148, shown in Figure 2a,

flowing through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 contains graviton pressure P(g) and photon pressure P(p).

There are two types of flow patterns that can be produced by the operation of

Turvitron™ test system 40. If the parameters needed to produce a graviton pressure

conversion process are not utilized, the flow pattern 71 shown in Figure la will result. For flow pattern 71, only the photon pressure P(p) is being converted to motion. When the parameters needed to produce a graviton pressure conversion process are utilized, the flow pattern 73, shown in Figure lb, will be produced. For this case, both the photon pressure P(p) and the graviton pressure P(g) contained in unit of fluid 148 are converted into motion.

Turvitron™ test system 40 has yielded a number of insights into how stored

photon-developed and graviton-developed pressure influence the flow geometry of fluid within graviton pressure conversion chamber 58. Fluid motion from a reservoir is the result of converting pressure that is stored in unit of fluid 148 into motion. Classical theory only recognizes as being convertible into motion that portion of the stored pressure that is developed from the photon. When stored graviton-developed pressure is also converted into motion using the graviton pressure conversion process, the flow cross-sectional area 61 of the fluid flowing through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 is reduced significantly. The kinetic energy per unit of fluid flowing through this reduced area 61 is greater than the kinetic energy provided only by the photon-developed pressure contribution.

For the case in which stored graviton-developed pressure is converted into motion, the increased motion occurs at a localized point where the cross-sectional flow area 61 of the fluid is significantly decreased. A good physical explanation as to why the cross-sectional flow area 61 decreases is that as the stored graviton- developed pressure is converted into motion, the kinetic energy level of each unit of fluid increases at the localized conversion point. Since fluid is incompressible, the increased kinetic energy level of each unit of fluid flowing through the localized point causes the flow cross-section to decrease in area. Therefore, the true head (or depth) causing flow at this localized conversion point increases beyond that recognized by classical theory. One explanation for the increase in effective head is that it is the result of the opening up of one of the curled spatial dimensions predicted by Superstring theory. This dimension, referred to as the q dimension in this document, unfolds from a size that is too small to measure to a magnitude that is large enough to produce an observable effect in our universe. The experimental observation of the q dimension is important in that it provides observational data consistent with Superstring theory. From an energy standpoint, the observed change in fluid flow geometry due to graviton-developed pressure is important because losses related to motion produced by the graviton pressure conversion process are replaced by the continuous graviton/mass interaction process as rapidly as the graviton-developed pressure is consumed.

Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the photon and graviton-developed pressure energy contributions to a unit of fluid moving through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58. As illustrated in Figure 2(a), the total pressure contained in a unit of fluid 148 located at a depth, h, in a reservoir is made up of photon P(p) and graviton P(g) developed pressures. Figure 2(a) illustrates the flow process resulting from converting the stored pressure contained in a unit of fluid 148 into motion. The flow is defined by the movement of unit of fluid 148 from point 150 to point 152, and then to point 154. The equation that defines the flow process is as follows:

∑F = m(dvldt)

where ΣF represents the summation of all of the forces that act on unit of fluid 148, m

represents fluid mass, and dv/dt represents the change in velocity of unit of fluid 148. The equation describing the motion of unit of fluid 148 using classical theory is developed by summing the forces that act on unit of fluid 148 as shown in Figure 2b. The resulting equation is:

P(p) x (area) + P(g) x (area) - P(g) x (area) = m(dv/dt)

which can be simplified to the following: - P(p)x (area) = m(dv I dt)

The action of these forces on unit of fluid 148 is illustrated in Figure 2(b).

The classical theory equation shown above only recognizes the photon- developed pressure term P(p) as being an active contributor to the motion of unit of fluid 148. Classical theory does not address the recent work that predicts a connection between the electron and the graviton. When the parameters for controlling the graviton pressure conversion process are properly utilized, stored graviton-developed pressure P(g) can be converted into motion. The equation describing this situation is developed by summing the forces that act on unit of fluid 148 shown in Figure 2c. This equation is:

P(p) x (area) + P(g) x (area) - P(g) x (area) + ΔP(g) x (area) = m(— ) dt

The new term AP(g) is the graviton-developed pressure that is utilized as an input by

the graviton pressure conversion process.

Figure 2(c) illustrates the forces at work in the newly recognized case in which the graviton pressure conversion process is involved. The stored graviton-developed pressure P(g) becomes an active player and causes an increase in fluid velocity per unit of fluid 148 flowing through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58. Thus, the true equation describing the motion of unit of fluid 148 is:

P(p)(Area) + AP(g)(Area) = m — dt where

Turvitron™ test system 40 has been used to confirm that the graviton-developed

pressure term must be included in the true equation describing the motion of unit of fluid 148 through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58. The test procedure that was used to confirm that graviton-developed pressure is an active contributor to motion, when the required graviton pressure conversion parameters are utilized, is as follows.

Vertical cylinder 66 of Turvitron™ test system 40 (shown in Figure 1) was

initially filled with water using fluid pump 50 such that a head of water, h, of 38.1 feet was established. There was no flow through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 at that time since flow-stop valve 51 (shown in the open position) was used to close off graviton pressure conversion chamber 58. At that point, unit of fluid 148 contained 16.5 psi of photon-developed pressure, P(p), that was provided by the diesel powered fuel pump and 14.7 psi of graviton-developed pressure, P(g), provided by the graviton/air mass interaction process. Thus the E(p)/E(g) ratio was 1.12. At this point air valve 75 in horizontal tank 70 is open, which means that common air chambers 68 and 69 are at 14.7 psi. To start the flow process through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58, flow-stop valve 51 must be opened. If flow-stop valve 51 is opened rapidly, flow pattern 71 through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 will be that shown in Figure la, which does not involve the conversion of graviton-developed pressure into motion. Flow-stop valve 51 must be opened slowly such that flow pattern 73 shown in Figure lb is developed. As soon as flow-stop valve 51 is opened, diesel powered water pump 50 must be started in order to

maintain the fluid head, h. Once it has been established that Turvitron™ test system

40 is operating with flow condition 73 shown in Figure lb and that the fluid head, h, is being held constant, air valve 75 is closed.

Knowing that pressure contained in each unit of fluid 148 flowing through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 is made up of photon-developed pressure, P(p), and graviton-developed pressure, P(g), it is now possible to start vacuum pump 52 to reduce the amount of graviton-developed pressure. The equation for graviton- developed pressure is:

∑™_a - g

P(g)

A.

where m_a represents the air mass particles, g is the intensity level of the graviton field, and A_a is the area over which the graviton pressure acts. Thus, by utilizing vacuum pump 52, it is possible to remove from common air chambers 68 and 69 the air mass particles 65 contained therein. By reducing the quantity of air mass particles 65, the graviton-developed pressure level is also reduced as shown in the above equation for graviton pressure, P(g).

The flow velocity through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 is monitored by pressure gauge 74. Therefore, as we proceed to reduce the level of graviton-developed pressure, P(g), contained in each unit of fluid 148 flowing through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58, we will be able to determine whether or not the flow velocity of unit of fluid 148 is reduced. Keep in mind that the current classical theory states that the flow velocity of unit of fluid 148 will not change with a decrease in graviton-developed pressure, P(g). The test results showed that the flow velocity of unit of fluid 148 flowing through graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 drops significantly when the graviton-developed pressure is reduced. This proves that part of the flow velocity (motion) of unit of fluid 148 was provided by the conversion of stored graviton pressure into motion. Knowing that it is possible to convert motion into electrons, it is obvious that we have validated the Superstring theory prediction that a connection exists between the graviton and the electron.

Furthermore, the data resulting from Turvitron™ test system 40 can also be used to validate the existence of the q dimension, which is also predicted by Superstring theory. For example, the pressure change related to the decrease in ^"motion (velocity) due to the reduced graviton pressure was quantified (by gauge readings) at 1648 lbs/ft². Thus, the magnitude of the associated q dimension was determined to be 26.4 ft by using the following formula:

As previously pointed out, the higher kinetic level of unit of fluid 148 at the conversion region within graviton pressure conversion chamber 58 is due to the additional head (q).

It is important to recognize that, as the stored graviton-developed pressure

P(g) is converted into motion, a recharge cycle occurs due to the continuous graviton/mass interaction process, thus replacing the stored graviton-developed pressure that has been consumed by the graviton pressure conversion process. Also, as noted above, one explanation for the observed change in fluid flow geometry is the opening up of one of the tiny spatial dimensions predicted by Superstring theory. The following equation can be used to conduct an energy analysis so that

predictions can be made as to the performance of the Turvitron™ power system,

which utilizes the graviton pressure conversion process that results in the opening up of the new q dimension: q mg(q) k_B z mg(z)

where kβ = the Bervian coefficient q = new dimension (q) z — existing dimension (z) ^mS( ⁼ energy associated with the (q) dimension ^mS(^z) ⁼ energy associated with the (z) dimension

Figures 3 and 4 are schematic illustrations of an embodiment of Turvitron™

power system 99 utilizing a single air injection configuration for the graviton pressure conversion chamber 92, and showing the outer ring injection option (see Figure 4), which takes advantage of the graviton pressure conversion process to produce electricity. The graviton developed pressure P(g) stored within a unit of fluid at a

depth in Turvofluid™ 104 is the sum of the graviton 63 and air mass 65 interaction

process and fluid mass 67 interaction process.

The system is comprised of three units. The first unit is reinforced concrete support structure 80, which should be lined with a non-corrosive material. The second unit is upper metal structure 82, tied to the top of reinforced concrete structure 80. Gas (such as air)/Fluid separation unit 84 is part of upper metal structure 82. The third unit is cylindrical housing assembly 86. This assembly houses reaction turbine 88, electrical generator 90, graviton pressure conversion chamber 92, expansion tube 94, air delivery ducts 96, and air delivery system 98. Reaction turbine 88 may be either a fixed-bladed reaction turbine or .a Kaplan reaction turbine. Cylindrical housing assembly 86 can be divided into three subunits. The first subunit houses reaction turbine 88, electrical generator 90, and graviton pressure conversion chamber 92. The second subunit houses expansion tube 94 and air delivery ducts 96. The third subunit consists of air delivery system 98. Electrical input and output of the system is controlled by electrical distribution and control panel 100. Turvitron™ power system 99 itself is also controlled via

electrical distribution and control panel 100. Reservoir 81 of Turvitron™ power

system 99 is filled with Turvofluid™ 104. Turvofluid™ 104 is a high density, low viscosity fluid which readily changes density with the injection of air or other suitable gases. When air is used, inlet 77 can be opened, however, if other suitable gases are used, inlet 77 would be closed. For the following discussion, the air option will be used.

The system is started by using an axillary high pressure compressor to inject a gas, such as air, into Turvofluid™ 104. The axillary high pressure compressor may

not be a component of Turvitron™ power system 99, as it is needed only to start the system. Once the lower fluid density ratio, p_n, is reached, the low pressure air delivery system 98 is capable of providing the input required to develop the low density air/fluid mixture. As air is injected into Turvofluid™ 104 via air delivery ducts 96, shown in

Figure 4, the density of Turvofluid™ 104 is greatly reduced. A large pressure

differential is created between the high-pressure fluid in reservoir 81 and expansion tube 94. This large pressure differential causes fluid to flow rapidly through the

Turvitron™ system. As Turvofluid 104 flows out of the top of expansion tube 94 and

back into reservoir 108, the air contained within the Turvofluid™ 104 is separated

from Turvofluid™ 104 by the naturally occurring separation process and the air/fluid

separation unit 84. Thus, Turvofluid™ 104 returns to its original density once it flows

below the air/fluid separation unit 84. Section A-A of Figure 3 shows the flow path 109 of the low density air/fluid mixture from expansion chamber 94 into reservoir 108. Also shown are air-flow ducts 110. Section B-B of Figure 3 shows the flow

path 105 of high-density Turvofluid™ 104 as it enters the turbine area. The steel

support columns 106 that are part of the cylindrical housing assembly 86 are also shown in this section. In the preferred embodiment above, graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 and expansion tube 94 are separate components attached as part of the whole power system. However, it is also contemplated that graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 and expansion tube 94 could be connected as a single graviton pressure conversion unit which could be moved from site to site, or reservoir to reservoir, as a portable means of producing electricity from stored graviton energy. Figure 4 is a magnified view of the graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 of Figure 3 that shows the outer ring air injection configuration. Air flow produced by air delivery system 98 of Figure 3 is directed along flow arrow 107 and into

pressurized air chamber 103. The air then injects into Turvofluid™ 104 in graviton pressure conversion chamber 92, as shown in Figure 4. The amount of air that is passed from pressurized air chamber 103 through air delivery ducts 96 and into

Turvofluid™ 104 is controlled by circular ring 101, which can be rotated to adjust the size of the openings of air delivery ducts 96, or to close them entirely. High-density

Turvofluid™ 104 moves along a pressure gradient as indicated by flow arrow 109. As

it does so, Turvofluid™ 104 passes through reaction turbine 88. Reaction turbine 88 is connected to electrical generator 90, shown in Figure 3, by means of shaft 111. Thus, the movement of Turvofluid™ 104 along the pressure gradient established by air injection is used to generate electricity. The parameters required for the graviton pressure conversion process have been alluded to above and are described in more detail here. What follows is are the parameters for a preferred embodiment of the graviton pressure conversion chamber, however, it is contemplated that other values may be operative. A sufficient amount of graviton-developed pressure is required in order for the process to work. Tests using Turvitron™ test system 40 have established the amount of graviton-developed pressure available must be 14 psi or more. Also, a P(p)/P(g) ratio of 1.0 or more must be established. The length to diameter ratio of graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 is preferably in the range of 2 to 3. Graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 must also have a proper converging/diverging internal nozzle geometry. The proper geometry is preferably as follows. The diameter of reaction turbine 88 is preferred to be 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter of the opening of graviton pressure conversion chamber 92. The distance from the entrance of graviton pressure conversion 92 to the center of reaction turbine 88 is preferred to be 0.1 to 0.3 times the length of graviton pressure conversion chamber 92. The interior structural profile of graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 curves inwardly from the entrance of the chamber to the center point of reaction turbine 88, at which point the diameter of the interior structural profile of graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 is preferably approximately 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter at the entrance to the chamber. The interior structural profile of graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 curves outwardly from the center point of reaction turbine 88 for a preferred distance of 0.20 to 0.40 times the length of the chamber, at which point the diameter of the interior structural profile of the chamber is preferably 1.2 to 2.5 times the diameter at the entrance. The expansion tube 94 is designed to accommodate the expansion of the air/fluid mixture.

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate an alternative embodiment of Turvitron™ power

system 99 wherein a dual air injection configuration is used for graviton pressure conversion chamber 93. Figure 6 shows that there is an outer ring 96 plus an inner ring 97 air injection design option; In addition, electrical input and output of the system as well as the system operational controls are located in compartment 115. The air compressor system is located in compartment 117.

Figure 6 is a magnified view of the dual graviton pressure conversion chamber 93 configuration of the device of Figure 5. As shown, air injection occurs through air injection ducts 96 and 97, while the size of ducts 96 and 97 can be varied by rotating rings 101.

Figure 7 summarizes the operation of the Turvitron™ power system. The fluid

density ratio (p_lt) is plotted along the horizontal axis, while pressure is plotted along the vertical axis. At point 110, p_n is equal to 1.0, which means that the density of the fluid in expansion tube 94 is equal to the density in reservoir 81. While this condition exists, there is no flow. At point 116, p_n approaches zero, which means that the density of the fluid in expansion tube 94 is very low, while the density of the fluid in reservoir 81 is high. This very large difference in density causes a high flow rate through reaction turbine 88, which will result in the production of electricity.

In order to provide an understanding of how the Turvitron™ system functions,

a Classical theory analysis of the Turvitron™ system must be contrasted with an analysis that recognizes the importance of the utilization of the graviton-developed pressure P(g) input. This latter analysis will be referred to as the True theory analysis. Point 112 in Figure 7a represents the Classical theory air injection point of the Turvitron™ system, while point 114 in Figure 7b represents the True theory air injection point.

The energy output from a system cannot exceed the energy input into the system. Based on a Classical theory analysis, the only energy input to the Turvitron™ power system is that required to operate the air delivery and injection system at point 112 along the line between points 110 and 116 in Figure 7a. The energy input is defined by the following equations, where Pi (the air injection pressure) is shown on Figure 7a.

E(p) = P_IQ_a (AT); ox

E ) = [ω_f- ω_f(l-_Pn)]HQ_a ΔT Where E(p) represents photon-developed energy input provided by the air delivery and injection system; Pi represents gas infection pressure (psi); Qa represents the volume of gas delivered (cubic inches/second); AT represents time in seconds; a>f represents the weight per volume of the fluid (pounds per cubic inch); p„ represents the density of the air/fluid mixture; and H represents the depth of the reaction turbine. The energy output of the Turvitron™ power system for operating at point 112,

along the line between points 110 and 116, is described by the following:

E(o) = P_fQ_f AT; or

E(o) = ω_f(l-_Pn)HQfAT

where E(o) represents energy output; Pf represents fluid pressure (psi) at depth H ; and Qf represents volume of fluid flow (cubic inches/second). Thus, the equation becomes:

INPUT = OUTPUT E(p) = E(o) or:

[ω_f- ω_f(l-_Pn)J Q_a AT = ω_f(l-_Pn) HQ_fAT

Knowing that Qa = ((l-_Pn)/_Pη)Qf, the equation can be written as:

[ω_f- ω_f(l- _ll)]H ((l-_Pη)/_Pη)QΔT = ω_f(l-_Pn) HQ_fAT By cancelling like terms on both sides of the equation, the relationship between the energy input into the system, and the energy output from the system becomes 1=1. Thus, the First Law is satisfied. The Classical theory analysis, however, does not recognize the potential input that can be provided by the graviton-developed pressure stored within the fluid. While the Classical theory analysis is correct for all cases where the graviton pressure conversion process is not involved; in the situation where required parameters are employed that allow the graviton pressure conversion process to occur, the Classical theory is incomplete. For the True theory analysis,

E(input) = E(p) + E(g) where E(p)v& the photon-developed pressure input and E(g) is the graviton-developed pressure input. The Bervian coefficient, k_B=E(g)/E(p) is used to mathematically account for the effect of the graviton-developed pressure input to the Turvitron system. Using this coefficient, the following energy input formulas are obtained: E{p) = P_JQ_aAT,oτ

E(p) = [ω_f -ω_f{l-p_n)- k_Bω_f (1 - p_n )]HQ_aAT ; and

E{g) = [k_sω_f(l-_Pn)]HQ_fAT

The energy output for this case is as follows:

E{o) = [_a/{l-_Pn)]HQ_fAT The energy balance for the True theory is obtained using the above input and output equations.

Input = Output E(p)+E(g)=E(o) \_ω_f -ω_f{l- _Pn ) - k_Bω_f (1 - p„ )]HQ_aAT + [k_Bω_f (1 - p. )]HQ_a AT = [ω_f (1 - p_nWQ_f T

since Q_a = ( -)Q_f,thc above equation becomes:

A,

D»r(l- p_n)-k_Bω_f< - Q_fAT = [ω -p_a Q,AT

By canceling like terms on both sides of the equation, the relationship between the energy input and energy output becomes 1=1. This shows that the First Law is satisfied for the True theory that includes the energy input provided by graviton- developed pressure. The fact that the First Law is satisfied should not be a surprise since the Turvitron™ test system has demonstrated that graviton-developed pressure

can be converted into motion. Also, the Turvitron™ test system demonstrated that the

graviton pressure conversion process is free of environmental concerns. Furthermore, graviton pressure is a renewable resource, since as the graviton pressure P(g) is converted into motion, a recharge process involving the continuous graviton/mass interaction process occurs that replenishes the consumed graviton pressure.

The energy ratio (E^) for the Turvitron™ system is represented by the

following:

Output = E(p) + E(g) External Input = E(p)

_E _ E(p) + E(g) E(p)

By utilizing the equations for the external energy input, E(p), required to operate the gas delivery and injection process, and the energy output, E(o), the following equation is obtained:

This equation can be reduced to :

E ^JR_B

which defines the energy ratio between the Turvitron™ power system output in

comparison to the external input required to operate the air delivery and injection process. Figure 8 is a graph illustrating solutions to the above equation for values of kβ

and p_n. Each curved line represents the solution to the above equation for a specific

kβ value. As shown, the energy ratio for Turvitron™ power system 99 can approach a

value of 20. It is expected that the energy ratio of the initial Turvitron™ power

systems will be about 10. As the system is refined over time, the energy ratio value with increase toward 20.

It is important to note that the graviton pressure input for Turvitron™ power

system 99 is much greater than the graviton pressure input for Turvitron™ test system

40. For example, the graviton pressure input for Turvitron™ power system 99

involves the graviton/air mass interaction process plus the graviton/fluid mass interaction process. Therefore, the graviton pressure level is much higher for the power system as shown in the following equation.

∑m - g ∑m_f - g

Input = + A

Likewise, the resulting (q) dimension would be higher for Turvitron™ power system

99 as shown below.

For Turvitron™ test system 40, however, the graviton pressure input is lower since

only the graviton/air mass interaction process is involved, as shown by the following equation: Input =

Thus, the magnitude of the (^dimension resulting from the graviton pressure conversion process would be lower as shown in the following equation:

∑m_a - g A„

# = -

W_t

From the test data obtained from Turvitron™ test system 40, it has been shown that

the Bervian coefficient for Turvitron™ test system 40 is:

Thus, for every 10 inch-pounds of energy provided by the photon pressure, E(p), there is 6.93 inch-pounds of energy provided by the graviton pressure, E(g), input. An

analysis of Turvitron™ power system 99 shows that the energy ratio E_R is expected to be about 10.0. This means that for every 10 inch-pounds of energy provided by the photon pressure, there will be 100 inch-pounds of energy provided by graviton

pressure. Thus, Turvitron™ power system 90 can operate using only graviton-

developed pressure as its energy input, as pointed out in the following paragraph.

Like other power systems, Turvitron™ power system 99 requires an energy

input from an external source for startup. Once the system is operating, graviton pressure conversion chamber 92 or 93 starts converting stored graviton-developed pressure P(g) into motion. When this occurs, the graviton pressure resource becomes an active energy input to the system.

For discussion purposes, for each unit of external photon energy input, E(p), there will be 10 units of internal graviton energy, E(g), provided (based on calculations this is a reasonable estimate). At this operating point, the total input to the system is made up of one (1) unit of energy from the external resource, and ten (10) units of energy from the internal graviton-developed pressure resource. Turvitron™ power system 99 has been estimated to have an overall efficiency of at least 65%, thus, the system will have an output of 6.5 units of energy. System losses will be 3.5 units of energy. Once this operating condition has been achieved, it is possible to use 1.0 units of the system's output energy to operate the air delivery and injection system. This leaves 5.5 units of net energy output that can be provided to electrical consumers. The system losses will result in an increase in temperature of the Turvofluid™. The temperature of the Turvofluid™ can be maintained at the desired level through heat being transferred to the surrounding earth mass or the addition of a heat exchanger.

Performance analyses of Turvitron™ power system 99 has shown that the net electrical energy can be designed to vary from the lower kilowatt power output levels up into the megawatt power output range. Four of the parameters that determine the net output of Turvitron™ power system 99 are the depth of the turbine, the effective

diameter of the turbine, the operating fluid density ratio (p„), and the magnitude of the Bervian coefficient (kβ) for the system. By utilizing the appropriate parameters, the Turvitron™ power system 99, it can be designed to fit the needs of a wide spectrum of customers, such as small corporations and small cities, to very large manufacturing plants and large utilities.

Thus, the present device provides a method for utilizing the graviton pressure conversion process to produce electricity from the renewable graviton-developed pressure resource. Such consideration of the graviton as an active player in an energy-production scheme is contrary to the teachings of the prior art. In addition to providing for a means of exploiting the force charge carried by the graviton, the present device provides experimental confirmation of two predictions made by

Superstring theory: 1) the present test device provides evidence confirming the electron-graviton connection; and 2) the present test device provides evidence confirming the existence of spatial dimensions apart from those readily observed in everyday life.

In view of the foregoing, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantages are attained. Although the foregoing includes a description of the best mode contemplated for carrying out the invention, various modifications are conceivable.

As various modifications could be made in the construction as methods herein described and illustrated without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative rather than limiting.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A method of converting stored graviton pressure into electrical energy, said method comprising the steps of: a) concentrating graviton pressure by storing a fluid at a depth such that the fluid attains a pressure of .14 pounds per square inch or greater; b) directing the graviton pressure charged fluid to flow through a graviton pressure conversion chamber to convert the stored graviton pressure into motion, said chamber having an entrance and exit portion, each portion having a diameter, and being composed of an essentially cylindrical shaped tube having an internal diameter and having a length 2.0 to 3.0 times the diameter of the entrance diameter of the chamber, said chamber further having a converging profile formed within said chamber and having a diameter, the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the converging profile being 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter of the entrance portion of said chamber and occurring at a distance of 0.1 to 0.3 times the length of the chamber from the entrance portion of the chamber, the internal diameter of said chamber being 1.1 to 2.5 times the diameter of the entrance portion of the chamber at a distance of 0.20 to 0.40 times the length of said chamber away from the portion of the converging profile having the smallest cross- sectional diameter and on the opposite side of the converging profile from the entrance portion of said chamber(you need to break these components up into separate claims); c) turning a turbine within said graviton pressure conversion chamber and located at a point along the converging profile having the smallest cross- sectional area by allowing the graviton pressure charged fluid to flow past the turbine, the turbine being operatively connected to an electrical generator to produce electricity therefrom. 2. An apparatus for converting graviton pressure into electrical energy, said apparatus comprising: a) a concrete reservoir of sufficient depth to allow fluid contained therein to reach a pressure of 14 pounds per square inch or greater; b) a support structure fixedly attached to said reservoir and extending upwardly from said reservoir; c) a gas delivery system fixedly attached to said support structure and oriented in such a manner as to be in fluid communication with said reservoir; d) a graviton pressure conversion chamber fixedly attached to said support structure and contained within said reservoir at a depth substantially near the bottom of said reservoir, said chamber having an entrance and exit portion, each portion having a diameter, and being composed of an essentially cylindrical shaped tube having an internal diameter and having a length two to three times the diameter of the entrance portion of the chamber, said chamber further having a converging/diverging section formed within said chamber and having a diameter, the smallest cross- sectional diameter of the chamber being 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter of the entrance portion of said chamber and occurring at a distance of 0.1 to 0.

2 times the length of the chamber from the entrance portion of the chamber, the internal diameter of said chamber being 1.1 to 1.4 times the diameter of the entrance portion of the chamber at a distance of 0.25 to 0.35 times the length of said chamber away from the portion of the converging/diverging section having the smallest cross-sectional diameter and on the opposite side of the converging/diverging section from the entrance portion of said chamber; e) gas delivery ducts fixedly attached to said support structure and located between said gas delivery system and said graviton pressure conversion chamber such that said gas delivery system and said graviton pressure conversion chamber are in fluid communication; f) a turbine, operatively housed within said graviton pressure conversion chamber; and g) and electrical generator operatively attached to said turbine. 3. A method of converting graviton pressure stored with a fluid into electrical energy, said method comprising the steps of: a) allowing the graviton pressure charged fluid to flow through a graviton pressure conversion chamber to convert the stored graviton pressure into motion, said chamber having an entrance and exit portion, each portion having a diameter, and being composed of an essentially cylindrical shaped tube having an internal diameter and having a length 2.0 to 3.0 times the diameter of the entrance diameter of the chamber, said chamber further having a converging profile formed within said chamber and having a diameter, the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the converging profile being 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter of the entrance portion of said chamber and occurring at a distance of 0.1 to 0.3 times the length of the chamber from the entrance portion of the chamber, the internal diameter of said chamber being 1.1 to 2.5 times the diameter of the entrance portion of the chamber at a distance of 0.20 to 0.40 times the length of said chamber away from the portion of the converging profile having the smallest cross- sectional diameter and on the opposite side of the converging profile from the entrance portion of said chamber; and b) turning a turbine within said graviton pressure conversion chamber and located at a point along the converging profile having the smallest cross- sectional area by allowing the graviton pressure charged fluid to flow past the turbine, the turbine being operatively connected to an electrical generator to produce electricity therefrom. 4. A method of converting graviton pressure stored within a fluid into motion, said method comprising the step of: a) providing a reservoir of graviton pressure charged fluid; and b) allowing the graviton pressure charged fluid to flow through a graviton pressure conversion chamber to convert the stored graviton pressure into motion, said chamber having an entrance and exit portion, each portion having a diameter, and being composed of an essentially cylindrical shaped tube having an internal diameter and having a length 2.0 to 3.0 times the diameter of the entrance diameter of the chamber, said chamber a converging profile formed within said chamber and having a diameter, the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the converging profile being 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter of the entrance portion of said chamber and occurring at a distance of 0.1 to 0.

3 times the length of the chamber from the entrance portion of the chamber, the internal diameter of 1.1 to 2.5 times the diameter of the entrance portion of the chamber at a distance of 0.20 to 0.40 times the length of said chamber away from the portion of the converging profile having the smallest cross-sectional diameter and on the opposite side of the converging profile from the entrance portion of said chamber. 5. An apparatus for testing the relationship, predicted by Superstring theory, between the graviton and the photon, said apparatus comprising: a) an enclosed elongate tower, having a top portion and a bottom portion, being of sufficient height such that fluid stored therein attains a photon pressure of 14 pounds per square inch or greater; c) a graviton pressure conversion chamber, having an entrance and exit portion, the entrance portion in fluid communication with the interior of the tower, each portion having a diameter, and being composed of an essentially cylindrical shaped tube having an internal diameter and having a length 2.0 to 3.0 times the diameter of the entrance diameter of the chamber, said chamber a converging profile formed within said chamber and having a diameter, the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the converging profile being 0.

4 to 0.6 times the diameter of the entrance portion of said chamber and occurring at a distance of 0.1 to 0.3 times the length of the chamber from the entrance portion of the chamber, the internal diameter of 1.1 to 2.

5 times the diameter of the entrance portion of the chamber at a distance of 0.20 to 0.40 times the length of said chamber away from the portion of the converging profile having the smallest cross-sectional diameter and on the opposite side of the converging profile from the entrance portion of said chamber; d) an enclosed reservoir, having a top and a bottom portion, and in fluid communication with the exit portion of the graviton pressure conversion chamber; e) a vacuum system in fluid communication with the top portion of the tower and the top portion of the reservoir such that the pressure in the top portion of the tower and the top portion of the reservoir is in equilibrium; and f) a fluid pumping system in fluid communication with the top portion of the tower and the bottom portion of the reservoir such that fluid can be pumped from the reservoir to the tower.

6. An apparatus for converting graviton pressure into electrical energy, said apparatus comprising: a) a fluid reservoir having a depth and a volume, the reservoir being operable to hold a fluid having a minimum operative fluid level; b) a graviton pressure conversion chamber having a downstream side and an up stream side in fluid communication with the reservoir, and the graviton pressure conversion chamber being positioned below the minimum operative fluid level; and c) a generator including a movable component operatively positioned relatively to the graviton pressure conversion chamber for movement by the fluid flowing through the graviton pressure conversion chamber, the movable component being operable to transfer motion from the fluid to the generator for generating electricity.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the reservoir is open to atmosphere.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the fluid reservoir comprises an artificially created reservoir having a bottom and a side wall defining the depth and volume, and the side wall extending to a height above the operative level.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the side wall is substantially cylindrical.

10. The apparatus according to claim 6 further comprising a fluid return path in fluid communication between the graviton pressure conversion chamber.

11. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the graviton pressure conversion chamber is substantially centrally mounted in the reservoir with the up stream side directed at a bottom of the reservoir.

12. The apparatus according to claim 6 further comprising a graviton pressure conversion unit including the graviton pressure conversion chamber and a return column.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12 wherein the graviton pressure conversion unit is removable from the reservoir.

14. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the graviton pressure conversion chamber includes an outer wall and an inner wall, the inner wall including a converging portion and an expanding portion.

15. The graviton pressure conversion chamber according to claim 14 wherein the inner wall of the graviton pressure conversion chamber defines a plurality of gas delivery ducts

16. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the converging portion has a diameter.

17. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the movable component is positioned on the downstream side of the graviton pressure conversion chamber.

18. An apparatus for converting graviton pressure into electrical energy, said apparatus comprising: a) a fluid reservoir having a depth and a volume, the reservoir being operable to hold a fluid having a minimum operative fluid level; b) a graviton pressure conversion chamber having a downstream side and an up stream side in fluid communication with the reservoir, and the graviton pressure conversion chamber being positioned below the minimum operative fluid level, said graviton pressure conversion chamber being composed of a substantially cylindrical shaped tube having an internal diameter and having a length 2.0 to 3.0 times the diameter of the entrance diameter of the chamber; and c) a generator including a movable component operatively positioned relatively to the graviton pressure conversion chamber for movement by the fluid flowing through the graviton pressure conversion chamber, the movable component being operable to transfer motion from the fluid to the generator for generating electricity.

19. An apparatus for converting graviton pressure into electrical energy, said apparatus comprising: a) a fluid reservoir having a depth and a volume, the reservoir being operable to hold a fluid having a minimum operative fluid level; b) a graviton pressure conversion chamber having a downstream side and an up stream side in fluid communication with the reservoir, and the graviton pressure conversion chamber being positioned below the minimum operative fluid level, said graviton pressure conversion chamber being composed of a substantially cylindrical shaped tube having an internal diameter, said chamber further having^' a converging profile formed within said chamber and having a diameter, the smallest cross-sectional diameter of the converging profile being 0.4 to 0.6 times the diameter of the entrance portion of said chamber; and ^~ c) a generator including a movable component operatively positioned relatively to the graviton pressure conversion chamber for movement by the fluid flowing through the graviton pressure conversion chamber, the movable component being operable to transfer motion from the fluid to the generator for generating electricity.

20. An apparatus for converting graviton pressure into electrical energy, said apparatus comprising: a) a fluid reservoir having a depth and a volume, the reservoir being operable to hold a fluid having a minimum operative fluid level; b) a graviton pressure conversion chamber having a downstream side and an up stream side in fluid communication with the reservoir, and the graviton pressure conversion chamber being positioned below the minimum operative fluid level, said graviton pressure conversion chamber being composed of a substantially cylindrical shaped tube having an internal diameter, said chamber further having a converging profile formed within said chamber and occurring at a distance of 0.1 to 0.3 times the length of the chamber; and c) a generator including a movable component operatively positioned relatively to the graviton pressure conversion chamber for movement by the fluid flowing through the graviton pressure conversion chamber, the movable component being operable to transfer motion from the fluid to the generator for generating electricity.

21. An apparatus for testing the relationship, predicted by Superstring Theory, between the graviton and the photon, said apparatus comprising: a) a fluid reservoir having a depth and a volume, the reservoir being operable to hold a fluid having a minimum operative fluid level; and b) a graviton pressure conversion chamber having a downstream side and an upstream side in fluid communication with the reservoir, and the graviton pressure conversion chamber being positioned below the minimum operative fluid level.

22. The apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the reservoir is open to atmosphere.

23. The apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the fluid reservoir comprises an artificially created reservoir having a bottom and a side wall defining the depth and volume, and the side wall extending to a height above the operative level.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23 wherein the side wall is substantially cylindrical.

25. The apparatus according to claim 21 further comprising a fluid return path in fluid communication between the graviton pressure conversion chamber.

26. The apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the graviton pressure conversion chamber is substantially centrally mounted in the reservoir with the up stream side directed at a bottom of the reservoir.

27. The apparatus according to claim 21 further comprising a graviton pressure conversion unit including the graviton pressure conversion chamber and a return column.

28. The apparatus according to claim 27 wherein the graviton pressure conversion unit is removable from the reservoir.

29. The apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the graviton pressure conversion chamber includes an outer wall and an inner wall, the inner wall including a converging portion and an expanding portion.

30. A method of converting stored graviton pressure into motion, said method comprising the step of: a) providing a reservoir of graviton pressure charged fluid; and b) directing fluid from a reservoir through a graviton pressure conversion chamber, said chamber having a downstream side and an up stream side in fluid communication with the reservoir, and the graviton pressure conversion chamber being positioned below the minimum operative fluid level.

31. A method of converting stored graviton pressure into electrical energy, said method comprising the steps of: a) providing within a reservoir of graviton pressure charged fluid an expansion chamber having a plurality of gas injection ducts; b) removing any graviton pressure charged fluid from the expansion chamber; c) activating an air delivery system such that air is provided through the gas ducts in the expansion chamber; d) directing the graviton pressure charged fluid contained in the reservoir to flow through a graviton pressure conversion chamber to convert the stored graviton pressure into motion; and e) ttirning a turbine within operatively positioned with respect to the graviton pressure conversion chamber.