WO2002098254A1 - Article of footwear, binding assembly and article of footwear-binding assembly combination - Google Patents
Article of footwear, binding assembly and article of footwear-binding assembly combination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002098254A1 WO2002098254A1 PCT/NO2002/000197 NO0200197W WO02098254A1 WO 2002098254 A1 WO2002098254 A1 WO 2002098254A1 NO 0200197 W NO0200197 W NO 0200197W WO 02098254 A1 WO02098254 A1 WO 02098254A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- article
- footwear
- boot
- foot
- ski
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
- A43B5/0427—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
- A43B5/047—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details provided with means to improve walking with the skiboot
- A43B5/0472—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details provided with means to improve walking with the skiboot having a flexible toe portion; provided with a hinge at the ball of the foot
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
- A43B5/0411—Ski or like boots for cross-country
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
- A43B5/0411—Ski or like boots for cross-country
- A43B5/0413—Adaptations for soles or accessories associated with soles for cross-country bindings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
- A43B5/0427—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
- A43B5/0468—Adjustment of the angle of the boot to the ski
Definitions
- the present application relates to an article of footwear having a hinged joint.
- body-equipment-surface create a three-part system.
- This system will be explained in more detail with reference to cross-country skiing, although the principle will also apply to other activities. In the following explanation, ski poles and clothing will be disregarded.
- materials selection and mechanisms must be selected so that the two other main components in the system, body and surface, can behave as normally or as effectively as possible.
- a rigid boot in combination with a rigid fastening to the ski, can transfer a large torque to the foot, which can rapidly fine-adjust its position to reestablish necessary balance and control.
- a soft boot on the other hand, will when subjected to some load be pressed together between the most loaded ski edge and the corresponding side of the foot (described in more detail in the figures below). This compression and tensile strain will in addition be supplemented by a torsional strain, because most of the force is as a rule transferred through the rear part of the foot, whilst the boot is only held in place at the front by the fastening.
- Torsional rigidity, bending rigidity and compressive/tensile rigidity are all inter- dependent factors in a solid body, and together they have nine components in the three spatial directions.
- a groove under the boot and a corresponding ridge on the ski remedies this problem in most cases, but when a skier encounters large reactive forces on skiing downhill, he must actively press his heel down to avoid the problem. Lateral rigidity will increase if the flexible segment under the toe joint is shortened, but as mentioned this is detrimental to the bending properties around the toe axis.
- the cuff is so flexible that a large part of the force transferred from the foot at the level of the cuff will be lost in the deformation of the cuff. This part will then not contribute to the active force between the boot and the ski, but will instead replace it.
- the binding systems for cross-country skiing that are used today have the following weaknesses: - they are not able to transfer sufficient force because the components are deformed long before they are subjected to maximum load in most skiing techniques; they thus subject the sole of the foot and the ankle to unnecessary strains because the foot either follows the deformation of the boot and ends up in physiologically undesirable positions, or tries to maintain desired positions by compensating for the lack of support and control by static muscular action; and they inhibit dynamic muscular action in the ankle.
- the right choice of location, orientation and number of degrees of freedom and the degree of resistance for each joint is essential if the shell, at all times and optimally, is to follow the desired movement of the foot - to help the desired movement of the foot to prevent undesirable movements.
- Figure 1 illustrates the functioning mechanism of the ski boot
- Figure 2 shows examples of the locking principle for the binding mechanism
- Figure 3 shows the principle of the set-up for rotation of a locked binding mechanism
- Figure 4 shows a resilient metal band as a resistance element
- Figure 5 shows how the binding assembly can transfer large torsional forces from a rigid shoe
- Figure 6 shows a roller skate accord ' "" * ⁇ i e invention
- Figure 7 shows a skate according to ntion.
- Figure 1 describes the main components of which the present invention consists, where a forward portion (2) of an article of footwear and a rear portion (3) of an article of footwear are permanently locked together through an axis (2b) and together form a boot shell.
- the sports device (1) is locked to (2) via a hinged joint (lb) during use.
- the lowermost part of (3), the whole of (2) and the part of (1) with which (2) and (3) are in contact, are made of completely rigid materials which are not deformed by forces of the magnitude involved in cross-country skiing activities.
- both (1) and (3) will only move relative to (2) in one-axis rotation.
- Components and joints must therefore be designed so that the joint turns in (lb) and (2b) can be at least as great as is natural for the foot, and natural in relation to the surface.
- (2b) must be located and oriented coincident with the bending axis of the toe joint, so that this largest movement in the sole of the foot is allowed to be made as normal inside the shell. The movements of the boot shell are thus controlled by this movement in a predictable manner.
- the rigid boot shell transfers all force between the foot and the underlying surface. This gives greater force utilisation than today and thus contributes directly to greater speed.
- the elastic part of the resistance in (2b) and (lb) will give dynamic assistance to the foot movements in that some of the force in the working phase of the movements (kick) is stored in the articulation and is given back to the foot or ski in the quite phase (recovering foot and ski).
- the system must comprise a locking mechanism consisting of several elements. Some of these must be allocated to (2), whilst the others can either be incorporated directly into (1), or into a separate binding housing component (4) which is fixed to (1).
- Figure 2 shows two examples of how an article of footwear (2, 3) may be fastened to a sports device (1) in that one or more elements A in one of the main components is moved and is brought together with one or more elements B in the other.
- a and B are so configured that they constitute a fixed unit AB when they are brought together.
- Figure 3 shows that different allocation of A and B gives the same basic result.
- Either element A or B has an external cylindrically symmetric surface and can rotate relative to a closed, cylindrical cavity in one of the main components. Since the other main component is fixed to this element via the unit AB, this main component and AB rotate together.
- the axis of rotation (lb) will thus be defined by the centre axis of the cylindrically symmetric surface.
- the most optimal orientation of (lb) is not necessarily horizontal and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ski, but probably quite close to this.
- Desired rotational motion between boot and ski is obtained by incorporating one or more resistance elements M (Figure 4) into one or both of the main components. Resistance is produced when these elements are deformed on rotation of the unit AB.
- M can either be built in around, through or outside (lb), and the elements can offer either torsional, bending, compressive or tensile resistance. Both springs (torsion springs, bending springs or coil springs) and flexible materials can be used.
- Rotational resistance can in principle be adjusted in two ways: by replacing M with resistance elements having different resistance characteristics or by adjusting the pretension in M.
- One or both ways can be used in the system.
- the design of elements to be replaced or pretensioned will d or "*" nr the resistance principle selected, see the preceding paragraph.
- s tianisms do not need to be allocated to the same main component as M.
- the correct position of the joint axis (height above sole of foot, length from toe) and its orientation in space (angle to the horizontal axis and perpendicular axis of the ski) are important.
- the axis should be coincident with the axis of the toe joint, but certain considerations and reservations are identified and discussed in the following.
- the location is of course dependent first and foremost on foot size, so it should be located further back and further up for each boot size.
- the orientation of the toe joint axis varies more unpredictably than, e.g., the axis of the upper ankle joint from person to person. From inside to outside, it appears as a rule to be angled backwards at about 10° and slightly downwards when a person stands on the whole foot. Two factors make it difficult to determine an average orientation of the toe joint axis, and thus the joint axis of the boot accurately. Firstly, it is a simplification to say that the toe joint axis is one axis, since it passes through all the toes and is surrounded by many small bones and muscles.
- the axis can be said to twist upwards and slightly forwards on the outside in the course of a typical bending motion (in running a "typical bending motion” means that 80% of the force passes through the hallux). So, in any case, an average axis for this movement must be chosen. Moreover, there must always be room for the toes during the whole kick movement, so the finest adjustments of the foot's position must be taken up in a soft inner boot (this will be discussed in more detail below).
- the orientation of the joint must also be seen in connection with the orientation of the fastening, since the rigid forward portion of the boot is a part of both.
- the movement path of the ski relative to the rear portion of the boot - and thus the force-producing parts of the leg - will be a complex function of the movements in the two joints.
- the rear rigid shell comes up to about the point at which the foot beings to slope inwards. It will therefore prevent sideways movements.
- a shell of a softer plastic is moulded within this shell.
- One object of this shell is that it will make allow the boot to be put on by bending the shell out from the foot, but a tightening and closing strap ensures that the shell nonetheless when closed constitutes a closed, relatively torsion- proof form which presses the foot down in the boot. Thus, good support around the whole sole of the foot is obtained.
- the rubber material under the malleoli is a part of a sheath which also passes behind the Achilles' tendon.
- the sheath is made a little tight so that it must be pulled backwards when the boot is to be put on. Thus, support from behind is also ensured.
- the boot can be built higher than today's boots because it transfers the torque of the ski to the foot and enables it to control the torque and thus balance more easily.
- the advantage of a higher boot is that it is easier to edge the ski because of a longer torque arm when edging is to be performed, and that the sole of the foot does not need to be rotated so many degrees outwards about the lower ankle axis (subtalar) before the edge comes further in under the foot.
- rigid support above the ankle can be dispensed with completely. Support for the lower part of the foot only, but fully rigid and reliable support is better than deformable and unreliable support all the way up.
- an ankle support may improve the concept further, but it should be made and articulated following the same principle as the rest of the boot: so stiff that most of the extra force it allows in the kick is transferred, and at the same time shaped so that the subtalar flexion is allowed.
- a combined hinge/slide joint may be a suitable solution.
- the boot must have a flexible inside for two reasons: on a microlevel, optimal pressure distribution in all the positions of the foot is obtained either by a perfect fit or mechanisms. A material which yields to small movements and advantages is expedient.
- the rigid shell must be so shaped that its stops these movements in appropriate outer positions - cross-country skiing is a winter sport practised in temperatures as low as minus
- a rigid boot shell has one drawback in comparison with a flexible boot: interior measurements must be dimensioned according to the largest foot measurements among users having the same boot size. The fit will therefore initially be poorer for many.
- An optimal inner boot solution would be moulding in a foam material as in alpine skiing.
- a simpler but good alternative which is used in this prototype is to use a standard inner boot in thick warming neoprene, and an individually fitted sole in a harder material which ensures optimal fit and stability under the whole sole of the foot.
- the rigid boot according to the invention will give torsional forces on the fastening to the ski which are many times greater than in today's solutions, because none of the forces are lost in longitudinal deformation of the boot sole when the heel is pressed out to the side.
- a basic principle in the design of the binding part has therefore been to consistently choose solutions and dimensions which are stronger than today's bindings in order to transfer the forces to the ski.
- the following points show the measures that have been taken.
- the diameter of the rotating element has been quadrupled in relation to today's solutions, i.e., increased to 20 mm.
- On the sides the binding has large vertical fit faces towards the boot transverse to the axis of rotation, see the hatched area in Figure 5.
- the large diameter means that the forces between the rotating element and the stationary part having a long torque arms and are distributed and transferred across a large cylindrical surface, and the forces between the binding and the boot will be distributed across the large vertical side faces. Thus large concentrated forces which give possible deformation are avoided.
- the outer rotation face in tod c solution is not a fully closed cylinder and moreover it is separable because one of the faces is also a part of a moving locking element.
- such a solution with today's dimensions and because of the increased torsional forces would result in either movement of the rotation pin and locking element or deformation of one of them, depending upon whether the locking force is greater or smaller than the force producing deformation.
- Figures 6 and 7 show other embodiments of the invention where the article is a roller skate or an ice skate. In these cases there will not be an axis (lb).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/479,634 US20050115116A1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2002-06-04 | Article of footwear, binding assembly and article of footwear-binding assembly combination |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20012753A NO315639B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2001-06-05 | ski boot |
NO20012753 | 2001-06-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002098254A1 true WO2002098254A1 (en) | 2002-12-12 |
WO2002098254B1 WO2002098254B1 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
Family
ID=19912529
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NO2002/000197 WO2002098254A1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2002-06-04 | Article of footwear, binding assembly and article of footwear-binding assembly combination |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050115116A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO315639B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002098254A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8277459B2 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2012-10-02 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating a structural bone and joint deformity |
US8652141B2 (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2014-02-18 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating hallux valgus |
US8696719B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2014-04-15 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating hallux valgus |
US8870876B2 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2014-10-28 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating hallux valgus |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8226109B2 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2012-07-24 | William J Ritter | Splitboard bindings |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4839972A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1989-06-20 | Pack Roger N | Footwear with pivotal toe |
WO1994021148A1 (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1994-09-29 | Nordica S.P.A. | Highly flexible item of sports footwear |
US5897127A (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1999-04-27 | Rottefella A/S | Combination of a ski binding and of a boot adapted thereto |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4365821A (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1982-12-28 | Adidas Fabrique De Chaussures De Sport | Ski binding |
US4392666A (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1983-07-12 | Alpine Research, Inc. | Integral ski binding |
US4677769A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-07-07 | Eddress Ahmad | Footwear with pivotal toe |
FR2719229B1 (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 1996-06-28 | Salomon Sa | Device for attaching a boot to a cross-country ski. |
JPH08154702A (en) * | 1994-12-03 | 1996-06-18 | Kazuo Osawa | Boots for ski |
US5669622A (en) * | 1995-02-08 | 1997-09-23 | Miller; Michael E. | Ski binding |
US5904359A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1999-05-18 | Nordica S.P.A. | Skate with in-line wheels |
US6409204B1 (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2002-06-25 | Harold Edward Ayliffe | Telemark ski boot and releasable binding assembly |
US6308979B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2001-10-30 | James A. Ludlow | Releasable cross country ski binding |
FR2776200B1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 2000-05-05 | Salomon Sa | DEVICE FOR CONNECTING A SHOE TO A SPORTS ARTICLE |
US6685213B2 (en) * | 1998-04-24 | 2004-02-03 | Rottefella As | Touring, telemark, or cross-country ski binding |
FR2793391B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-06-08 | Salomon Sa | CROSS COUNTRY SKI SHOE |
US6986526B2 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2006-01-17 | Rottefella A/S | Arrangement comprising a ski binding and a ski boot |
US6588125B2 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2003-07-08 | Charles Wesley Proctor, Sr. | Articulated ski boot |
-
2001
- 2001-06-05 NO NO20012753A patent/NO315639B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-06-04 US US10/479,634 patent/US20050115116A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-06-04 WO PCT/NO2002/000197 patent/WO2002098254A1/en active Search and Examination
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4839972A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1989-06-20 | Pack Roger N | Footwear with pivotal toe |
WO1994021148A1 (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1994-09-29 | Nordica S.P.A. | Highly flexible item of sports footwear |
US5897127A (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1999-04-27 | Rottefella A/S | Combination of a ski binding and of a boot adapted thereto |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8870876B2 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2014-10-28 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating hallux valgus |
US8277459B2 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2012-10-02 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating a structural bone and joint deformity |
US8795286B2 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2014-08-05 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating a structural bone and joint deformity |
US8652141B2 (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2014-02-18 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating hallux valgus |
US8696719B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2014-04-15 | Tarsus Medical Inc. | Methods and devices for treating hallux valgus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO20012753D0 (en) | 2001-06-05 |
NO20012753L (en) | 2002-12-06 |
WO2002098254B1 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
US20050115116A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
NO315639B1 (en) | 2003-10-06 |
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