WO2002095480A1 - Procede et systeme de mise a disposition d'informations relativement a l'oeil - Google Patents

Procede et systeme de mise a disposition d'informations relativement a l'oeil Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002095480A1
WO2002095480A1 PCT/EP2002/004030 EP0204030W WO02095480A1 WO 2002095480 A1 WO2002095480 A1 WO 2002095480A1 EP 0204030 W EP0204030 W EP 0204030W WO 02095480 A1 WO02095480 A1 WO 02095480A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
eye
information system
information
projection
light
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/004030
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinrich A. Eberl
David P. Dickerson
Roland H. C. Eberl
Robert BÜCHER
Original Assignee
Physoptics Opto-Electronic Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2001/005886 external-priority patent/WO2002097511A1/fr
Priority claimed from DE2001127826 external-priority patent/DE10127826A1/de
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2001/011634 external-priority patent/WO2002031581A1/fr
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2001/011633 external-priority patent/WO2002033472A2/fr
Application filed by Physoptics Opto-Electronic Gmbh filed Critical Physoptics Opto-Electronic Gmbh
Priority to EP02771631A priority Critical patent/EP1395868A1/fr
Publication of WO2002095480A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002095480A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
    • G06F3/013—Eye tracking input arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an information system and a method for the eye-related provision of information and / or for the provision of eye-related information.
  • the information system comprises a signal detection device suitable for detecting eye-related signals and an output device for making available information in correlation with the detected eye-related signals.
  • a signal detection device is any device that is suitable for detecting and / or detecting signals. (In the rest of the application, both the detection and the detection are referred to as "detection" for the sake of simplicity.)
  • a detection of eye-related signals is any signal detection whose detected signals are also related to the eye in the broadest sense.
  • signals can be recorded that provide direct or indirect information about the condition and / or a change in condition of the eyeball, its components, the ocular muscles, the eyelids, etc. deliver.
  • the signal detection device could detect the photonic radiation which is directed to an eye, is emitted by an eye and / or is reflected back by an eye.
  • the detection area taken into account during the detection could be part of the eyeball, e.g. the retina, the macula or the iris, as well as an area in the immediate vicinity of the eyeball, e.g. a spectacle lens positioned in front of the eye, one of the eyelids or one next to it camera placed in the eye.
  • signals regarding the condition of the eyelids, the orientation and / or location of the eyeball and / or activities of the ocular muscles can be detected mechanically, acoustically and / or electrically.
  • the eye-related signal acquisition is preferably carried out without contact, i.e. without touching the eye and / or its wearer, for example by detecting acoustic and / or electromagnetic signals, for example ultraviolet, infrared and / or visible light.
  • acoustic and / or electromagnetic signals for example ultraviolet, infrared and / or visible light.
  • Detection of light with a wavelength of approx. 1.1 ⁇ m is particularly useful according to the disclosure of PCT / EP00 / 09843.
  • it can be useful to specifically limit the signal detection for example the detected spatial, temporal and / or to limit spectral “detection windows” by means of filters, diaphragms, alignment of the signal detection device or the like in a determinable manner.
  • a signal detection device according to the disclosure of PCT / EP00 / 09843 or an optical scanning device according to the disclosure of PCT / EP01 / 11633 could serve as the signal detection device in the sense of the invention.
  • an optical scanning device is defined as any device capable of detecting or detecting optical signals for the purpose of information acquisition. Such scanning devices usually comprise at least one signal converter in order to ensure signal separation, signal strength or the like which is sufficient for any processing or signal acquisition.
  • the optical scanning device could have an optical signal converter, for example an optoelectronic device such as a CCD photo receiver, a photomultiplier device or a photodiode or a purely optical device, which converts the scanned light into purely optical signals for a further optical and / or opto-electronic processing.
  • an optical signal converter for example an optoelectronic device such as a CCD photo receiver, a photomultiplier device or a photodiode or a purely optical device, which converts the scanned light into purely optical signals for a further optical and / or opto-electronic processing.
  • an output device is any device which is suitable for outputting signals in at least one way.
  • the signal is preferably output to one or more people, or to one or more other devices or without a specific addressee, for example as an acoustic loudspeaker output.
  • the invention places no restrictions on the type of signal output, ie it could be done, for example, in an electromagnetic, acoustic, mechanical, thermal and / or chemical manner.
  • the signal could thus be output in such a way that the signals are tactile for a human, are visually, audible, smellable and / or taste-perceptible. How such a signal output according to the invention could take place is described in detail, but not conclusively, in the above applications of the applicant.
  • the provision of information according to the invention in correlation with detected eye-related signals can take place both via an output device for making available information obtained with respect to an eye (abbreviated as "obtained with respect to the eye” elsewhere) and via an output device for providing information related to the eye Signals output by the output device may be afflicted with information obtained with respect to an eye. This corresponds to the provision of information obtained with respect to the eye.
  • the output device can output information-containing signals in a manner that is related to an eye, which may cause one
  • the output device could output signals acoustically when a user of the information system has closed his eyes and output optically, e.g. nn the user has his eyes open.
  • one information system output device could output signals when the user is looking at a particular item, while another information system output device outputs signals when the user is looking at another particular item.
  • the invention comprises two options for providing information. Firstly, a site where the information provided reflects a reference to the eye (i.e. a "content approach”, in German: “content approach”). Secondly, a point of disposal, in which the way of making available reflects a relation to the eye (i.e. a "carrier approach”, in German: “carrier approach”). According to the invention, these approaches can also be combined as desired.
  • An optical projection device could serve as the output device in the sense of the invention.
  • an optical pickup device is defined as any device capable of emitting optical signals or emitting light in a controllable manner. (For the sake of simplicity, both the emitting of optical signals and the controlled emission of light are referred to as "projection" in the rest of the application.)
  • the former includes, for example, lasers, laser diodes, LEDs, OLEDs, etc.
  • the latter could, for example, be a combination of a light source, a modulator often referred to in technical terms as "light valve” and a light guide arrangement that guides the light generated by the light source to the modulator.
  • the optical projection device itself or in cooperation with another device is capable of projecting light which can be determined with regard to its intensity, direction of propagation, polarization, spectral composition, in particular its wavelength, and / or another of its characteristic values If light changes over time, this is referred to in technical jargon as "modulation".
  • Detected or projected light is therefore often referred to in the application as a detected or projected “light beam” or also “scanning beam” or “projection beam”. This is particularly the case in discussions about the beam path, the beam diameter, the spectral composition and similar properties of a sensed or projected light, which are often associated with the concept of a light beam.
  • the information system can have one or more signal routing devices, signal converters and / or signal shaping devices.
  • signal routing devices for the purpose of routing or shaping a signal to be recorded, output, recorded or output
  • the information system can have one or more signal routing devices, signal converters and / or signal shaping devices.
  • Examples of such devices whose demarcation from one another is not always clear, are diaphragms, filters, controllable and non-controllable mirrors, splitter mirrors, A / D converters, acousto-optical modulators, cables, light guides, holographic elements, lenses, etc.
  • a plurality of signal detection devices, signal converters, output devices, signal routing devices and / or signal design devices can be combined with one another as separate units or integral units.
  • the present invention can be advantageously used in connection with the laid-open publications or applications PCT / EP00 / 09843, PCT / EP00 / 09840, PCT / EP00 / 09841, PCT / EP00 / 09842 , DE 101 27 826, PCT / EP01 / 05886, PCT / EP01 / 11634, PCT / EP01 / 11633, DE 196 31 414 AI and DE 197 28 890 AI use the systems, devices and methods described. The whole The content of these published documents or applications is therefore expressly incorporated into this application by reference.
  • glasses In view of the preferred embodiment of the systems or devices disclosed therein, for the sake of simplicity, they are referred to below as “glasses”.
  • the present invention can also be implemented in this embodiment. Holographic elements can be implemented instead of the glasses or as a coating of the glasses ,
  • a holographic element in the sense of the invention preferably comprises one or more holographic recordings (which corresponds to a "hologram") of an actual or virtually directly or indirectly computer-controlled exposure of the photographic material on which the holographic recording is based and is thus capable of refraction , Diffraction and / or reflection properties of this object to a certain extent under the specific circumstances of the holographic reproduction, in particular information about the three-dimensional topology of the object can be recorded and reproduced.
  • holographic recordings which corresponds to a "hologram”
  • holographic element itself does not have to have the topology recorded therein in its external form.
  • a flat holographic element could emulate the refractive, diffractive, and / or reflective properties of a curved object.
  • a curved holographic element could also emulate the refraction, diffraction and / or reflection properties of a differently curved or flat object.
  • a holographic element can also emulate the refraction, diffraction and / or reflection properties of different objects at different wavelengths. More information on this topic can be found in section 2 ("holographic element") of PCT / EP01 / 11633.
  • the fine-grained photographic material detects the very fine interference pattern of the light waves falling on the photographic material in a holographic recording.
  • the holographic reproduction which corresponds to a refraction of light in the sense of the invention, generally depends strongly on the wavelength, the angle of incidence and the phase of the incident light.
  • Light propagation change allows a brief, understandable wording.
  • the term “refraction” or “breaking” is therefore used in the description as a synonym with the actual generic term “propagation change”.
  • the present invention can be advantageously used in connection with the aforementioned PCT / EP00 / 09843, PCT / EP00 / 09840, PCT / EP00 / 09841, PCT / EP00 / 09842, DE 101 27 826, PCT / EP01 / 05886, PCT / EP01 / 11634, PCT / EP01 / 11633, DE 196 31 414 AI and DE 197 28 890 AI use the systems, devices and methods described.
  • the invention can be implemented as an information system that detects or records optical information from one eye using an optical scanning and / or projection device as disclosed there, preferably using the flying spot method, for example using a spiral, circular or elliptical movement pattern. projected into one eye.
  • the invention can also include an eye tracking function as disclosed therein, which enables detection and / or consideration of the eye movements.
  • the information system according to the invention can be designed, inter alia, as a portable, free-standing and / or multi-part system.
  • Information system according to the invention can be designed, inter alia, as a portable, free-standing and / or multi-part system.
  • a device that is suitable for carrying out the proposed method is always expressly disclosed, for example a suitably programmed computer, sensors that are able to deliver the necessary signals, signal processing devices that are able to process these signals in a suitable manner , Etc.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably has an image data processing compression device.
  • image data to be projected are processed in an information device located far from the projection device.
  • the image data are then transmitted from the information device to the projection device by radio, cable, light guide or by means of another communication medium.
  • image data which could also be very extensive in everyday applications of the information system, it makes sense to compress it before the transfer. This compression can be both lossless and lossy.
  • the image data processing compression device preferably reduces input image data in accordance with a predetermined movement pattern and / or a predetermined “pixel arrangement”.
  • a particularly efficient compression of the image data can be achieved by taking the underlying projection or scanning movement pattern and / or the selected “pixel arrangement” into account.
  • pixel arrangement is in quotation marks, since the invention provides projection patterns that are not necessarily under the usual concept a pixel would fall.
  • neighborhood relationships between the pixels often play a decisive role.
  • the image data are not necessarily present in a format that promotes optimal compression, and many image data compression methods are for raster-shaped, rather than spiral, elliptical, circular, or other novel pixel arrangements optimized.
  • the image data processing compression device preferably has an image data memory and is thus able to compress the image data of an image with reference to the image data of one or more images preceding in a sequence of images.
  • Many embodiments of the invention provide eye related image scanning and / or projection up from 50 Hz. Particularly in view of the close temporal sequence of the images, it can offer considerable advantages to carry out image data compression, which, for example, takes into account any redundancy between images of an image sequence.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably has a loss-free data compression device.
  • the image data has first been compressed in accordance with its image pattern, it makes sense to subsequently transfer this data without loss. If the transmission takes place in the order of the scanning or projection of the image data, depending on the consideration of the pixel sequence of the image data transmission, there may be further compression scope in the image data compression method, which could be exploited by lossless data compression.
  • lossless data compression can be used before each remote data transmission.
  • the information system comprises a glasses-shaped projection unit and a projection unit separate from the information unit, which supplies image data to be projected in compressed form to the projection unit, which it is decompressed.
  • This user-friendly embodiment of the invention is extremely powerful, yet light and ergonomic.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably comprises a projection system which generates a light beam which can be projected into the eye with little divergence, little convergence or coherently in such a way that the light beam at the air-eyeball transition has a diameter which is insignificant compared to the pupil diameter.
  • a projection system which generates a light beam which can be projected into the eye with little divergence, little convergence or coherently in such a way that the light beam at the air-eyeball transition has a diameter which is insignificant compared to the pupil diameter.
  • the inventors of the present invention have determined that such a light beam is particularly suitable for direct projection of image information onto the retina according to the flying spot method.
  • the deflection of a thin light beam generally places fewer demands on the deflection optics compared to the deflection of a wide beam.
  • a very high image resolution can be achieved in this way.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably comprises an optical signal detection system which is suitable for detecting light beams which are emitted by one eye with little divergence, little convergence or coherently in such a way that the light beam at the air-eyeball junction is one in comparison to the pupil diameter has insignificant diameter.
  • the light beam preferably has a diameter of less than 100 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m or 5 ⁇ m at the air-eyeball transition.
  • the project ion system is preferably part of an optical system that uses the light beam to project pixels of a perceptible image onto the retina.
  • such an information system is suitable for direct projection of image information onto the retina.
  • the light beam is preferably used to determine the position of the eye. As mentioned above, such an information system is also suitable for determining the viewing direction.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably comprises an eyeglass-shaped optical device which scans an eye and / or
  • the glasses-shaped optical device having a darkening device which allows variable shielding of the eyes vis-à-vis the outside world.
  • the information system according to the invention can be used sensibly even in strong ambient light, in particular without dazzling the user.
  • the darkening device preferably has a darkening layer which automatically becomes more opaque with increasing photon radiation.
  • a particularly advantageous, since less prone to failure, solution is to provide the glasses with a self-darkening, for example photochemical layer, as is the case with some sunglasses.
  • the darkening device is preferably controllable, while the information system has a darkening control device which is able to emit control signals to the darkening device in order to specifically vary the degree of shielding of the eyes.
  • a controlled, for example electrochromatic, variation of the darkening offers the advantage over the previously described solution that the degree of shielding can be specifically changed.
  • the information system comprises a field of view detection device which detects optical signals from the field of view assigned to an eye, and a projection device which projects image information obtained on the basis of the detected optical signals into the eye, wherein if the parallax between the detection direction of the field of view detection device and the viewing direction of the eye exceeds a predetermined limit value, the projection is carried out in such a way that the
  • the information system functions as a vision improvement system.
  • parallaxes can occur here, in particular in applications in which the information system is used to magnify nearby objects, which have a disruptive effect on the user.
  • the angle between the viewing direction and the detection direction necessary to capture the targeted area of the visual field. If this angle exceeds a predetermined limit value, the circumstances of the projection can be changed so that the eye primarily perceives the projected image information. For example, the brightness of the projected image could be increased and / or the eyes shielded at least partially from the outside world. Thus, the eye receives information mainly from one source, namely the projection, with the result that there is no longer any parallax-related optical contradiction.
  • the eye is preferably at least partially shielded from the outside world by the outside world.
  • the beam intensity of the projection beam is raised at least for a part of the projection in Parallaxenfall.
  • the beam intensity of the projection beam is preferably increased when the projected light beam irradiates the macula and its immediate surroundings.
  • the beam intensity is preferably raised so gently that the limits of the intensity increase are barely or not at all perceptible to the user.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably comprises an optical light guide system by means of which the projection and / or detection direction of a projected or detected light beam can be changed, the optical light guide system having a coarse and a fine deflection device.
  • the beam deflection on which the movement pattern of a projection is based should take place at a high frequency, for example 10 to 100 kHz, while tracking the eye at a frequency around 50 Hz is entirely sufficient.
  • the optical light guide system preferably has a fine deflection device mounted on a coarse deflection device.
  • a fine deflection device mounted on a coarse deflection device.
  • the coarse deflection device could of course be mounted on the fine deflection device. In most cases, however, this does not lead to any advantageous results.
  • the fine deflection device preferably comprises an angle-selective optical detector or a light source, the light emission direction of which can be controlled.
  • detectors and light sources are suitable for use as a projection or signal detection device with an integrated fine deflection function, i.e. as a fine deflection device in the sense of the advantageous features described above.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably comprises an optical one
  • Signal detection device for detecting light from an eye and a signal processing device based on that detected from the eye
  • Light determines the position of a "shadow" of the retinal pit of the eye depicted on the cornea of the eye.
  • the information system preferably comprises a projection device which illuminates the retina of the eye with light.
  • the "shadow” of the retinal pit on the inside of the cornea can also be seen with naturally incident light, it can be advantageous for faster and clearer detection of the "shadow", in particular to actively project modulated light into the eye. For example, if light is projected onto a circular area of the retina around the supposed position of the macula, this light, if the macula should actually fall in this area, will form a recognizable circular pattern on the inside of the cornea. If the light is modulated according to a predetermined pattern during projection, the light can be more easily distinguished from the external light, so that a more sensitive pattern recognition is possible.
  • the invention preferably comprises an eyeglass-shaped information system, in particular an information system for delivering and / or detecting optical signals to or from an eye, with at least one ultrasound source for delivering modulated ultrasound signals, a plurality of ultrasound detectors for detecting the emitted ultrasound signals, and a signal processing system Device based on the detected
  • Ultrasound signals determine the position and / or orientation of the information system vis-à-vis a user's skull.
  • the invention provides the features mentioned above.
  • the use of ultrasound signals offers easy access to the variety of features of the cartilage and bone areas around the eyes.
  • At least one of the ultrasound detectors is preferably an array-like detector.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably comprises an optical one
  • Movement pattern of the flying spot is readjusted during the scanning or projection process.
  • information system comprises an optical projection device for projecting information in an eye according to the flying spot principle, wherein the projection apparatus is characterized according to a pixel irregular pattern.
  • a flying spot projection device is free to draw both the shape and the position of the projected pixels as desired.
  • the invention therefore proposes the use of an irregular pattern in the drawing of the pixels, the respective shape and / or the respective position of the pixels among one another, i.e. their spatial distribution is subject to an irregularity.
  • the irregularity can be realized in different ways.
  • the diameter of punctiform pixels could be changed according to an irregularity.
  • the pixels could be more irregular as short lines Length can be drawn. The latter could easily be achieved by means of a so-called oversampling of the pixel frequency, in which each pixel actually consists of a series of sub-pixels. Accordingly, the pixels could be positioned according to an irregular pattern.
  • the irregularity could also lie in the fact that the projection pattern, which could also be regular, is changed according to an irregular pattern after each projection process.
  • the irregular pattern is preferably selected from a predetermined plurality of irregular patterns.
  • the irregular pattern is selected from a predetermined number of irregular patterns.
  • the respective pattern could be chosen, for example, "in sequence” or randomly from the large number.
  • the information system according to the invention preferably comprises a pixel determination device which determines the irregular pattern on the basis of the image data to be projected.
  • information system comprises a pixel determining device which determines the respective pixels based on the contents to be projected image data and the irregular pattern.
  • the pixel determination device preferably transmits corresponding pixel and / or pattern data to the projection device.
  • the pixel determination device could transmit the pixel and / or pattern data to the projection device in any manner.
  • the pixel determination device could only transmit an identification number assigned to a selected pattern to the projection device.
  • the pixel determination device could also transmit detailed data, for example exact sequential timing data for the respective pixels of the pattern together with respective pixel content data, to the projection device.
  • the data could of course also be compressed before transmission.
  • the information system according to the invention is preferably equipped with signal detection devices in such a way that signals from a pair of eyes can be detected, and includes one
  • Signal processing device which determines the position of a characteristic, typically symmetrically arranged feature of both eyes from the detected signals, and calculates an eye-related horizon from the position of these two features.
  • This horizon can be determined from the position of two presumably facial symmetrical eye features.
  • Such pairs of features are, for example, the pupils, the blind spots, and the retinal pits. These features of the two eyes are usually approximately symmetrical to the symmetry axis of the face.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the operation of an information system according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • 2A is a schematic representation of an unfavorable pixel pattern
  • FIG. 2B shows a schematic illustration of an advantageous pixel pattern according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of an advantageous pixel pattern according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4A shows a schematic illustration of a parallax-free observation of an object
  • Figure 4B is a schematic representation of a parallax-related view of an object.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of an information system according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention, in particular a schematic representation of the structure of a path for information acquisition and regeneration in an eye-tracking, projecting information system.
  • a detection unit 121, an information unit 122 and a projection unit 123 are shown.
  • the detection unit 121 and the projection unit 123 are preferably designed together as glasses-shaped optical units, which comprise a supply unit, for example, which can be worn on the belt for components that cannot be accommodated in the glasses.
  • a signal detection device 101 detects eye-related signals 151. Since these signals 151 form the basis of eye tracking (in English: eye tracking), such signals become in the case described Detects signals that have been emitted by an eyeball 150, ie signals 151 that have been emitted or reflected by the eyeball 150 itself.
  • the signal detection device 101 converts the detected eye-related signals 151 into signals 111 with the desired signal format and outputs these signals 111 to an eye tracker device 102.
  • the eye tracker device 102 which could be, for example, an eye tracker device according to one of the applicants' applications mentioned at the outset, generates an output signal 112 which, for example, provides information about the viewing direction of the eyeball 150, about a target object or about that currently provides an image of the outside world perceived by the macula of the eyeball 150.
  • the output signal 112 is routed, for example by radio, to an information device 103 and / or a conversion device 104.
  • a “reshaping device” here is a device that processes image data for the purpose of a projection according to the invention, while the term “information device” is to be understood as any device that is capable of supplying image data.
  • the image data can be output as a function of an input signal supplied to the information device, which is why the information device could also have a much more extensive functionality than just the ability to supply image data. This functionality could include, for example, pattern recognition, image processing, database research, or any other information gathering process.
  • the information device 103 and the conversion device 104 of the information system shown serve only the purpose of a section of a static image, for example stored in Cartesian coordinates in the information device, depending on the viewing direction of the eyeball 150 to project onto the eyeball 150 and that the eye tracker device 102 is able to provide the viewing direction as absolute coordinates in the coordinate system of the present static image to be projected.
  • the information device 103 transmits a section of the static image to the conversion device 104 in the form of image data 113.
  • the information device 103 preferably transmits the image data of an image section that is larger than that Image section to be projected so that image data does not have to be transmitted with every projection process. Likewise, the information device could only transmit the image data that entered the image section due to a change in the viewing direction. Because it is to be expected that the change in the viewing direction between projection processes will be slight.
  • the conversion device 104 preferably comprises a memory for storing the incoming image data 113.
  • the reshaping device 104 selects the image data to be actually displayed from the received image data 113 and subjects it to one or more reshaping operations.
  • the conversion device 104 could first perform a purely mathematical conversion of the selected image data into the coordinate system of the projection process and the result data save or output in a format suitable for the projection of the pixel pattern.
  • the conversion device 104 could carry out image data processing compression of the selected image data, i. H. free the image data from redundancies and other data excess, for example on the basis of perception-related phenomena and the pixel neighborhood relationships resulting from the image display of the image data.
  • This could include lossless as well as lossy data operations.
  • the use of lossless data operations presupposes that the image data is appropriately decompressed before the projection.
  • lossless data compression methods is particularly useful when there are great similarities between images in close succession or to be expected and the conversion device has one Memory that stores compression-relevant data during a sequence of images. Accordingly, the decompression device should also have sufficient memory.
  • the advantage of an image data processing compression of the selected image data during the coordinate transformation is that some data reduction options can be recognized more easily in a specific coordinate system.
  • the data reduction options of two coordinate systems and the pixel pattern to be used could be taken into account.
  • the conversion device 104 ascertains a suitable pixel pattern in the sense of a pixel determination device, taking into account any compression advantages, for example by mathematical analysis or trying out some compression strategies. For example, contiguous pixels of barely distinguishable color along the projection path could be merged into one pixel. Likewise, highly detailed areas of the image could be displayed with a high pixel density, while "quieter" areas of the image could be displayed with a lower pixel density.
  • the reshaping device 104 could also employ temporal "dithering", in which a detailed image follows an information-reduced image, so that a color addition of the two images felt by the user emulates the desired image.
  • temporal "dithering" in which a detailed image follows an information-reduced image, so that a color addition of the two images felt by the user emulates the desired image.
  • this approach may pose a problem in the case of a limited data transmission bandwidth advantageous alternative to a pure repetition of an image (which is only perceptible in borderline cases at a projection frequency of 50 Hz and can therefore be used very advantageously) or even an image sequence.
  • the image data which may have been converted by the conversion device 104, plus pixel pattern data, are finally output as output signals 114. This is preferably done in a format suitable for the projection of the pixel pattern.
  • Compression device 105 can be eliminated as needed.
  • the signal data 115 resulting from the steps described above are transmitted, for example, by radio to the projection unit 123, where they may be decompressed by a decompression device 106 in accordance with the lossless compression methods carried out on the image or signal data.
  • the signal data 116, possibly decompressed, received by the projection unit 123 are temporarily stored in a memory 107 if necessary and are preferably fed to the projection device 108 as a serial data sequence 117 for "flying spot projection".
  • the projection device 108 projects optical signals 118 onto the eyeball 150.
  • FIG. 2A shows a schematic illustration of an unfavorable pixel pattern 240
  • FIG. 2B shows a schematic illustration of an advantageous pixel pattern 240 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Both pixel patterns 240 are based on a multiplicity of concentric circles 241, which could correspond to the movement pattern of a circular projection process according to the flying spot principle.
  • the respective circles 241 are divided into areas 242, which could correspond to the pixels of a circular projection process according to the flying spot principle.
  • the respective regions 242 of a respective circle are of the same size. While this can be simplistic and thus advantageous, it is not imperative for the success of the invention. With increasing size, the circles 241 are divided into increasingly more areas 242 as soon as the size of a respective area of a circle exceeds a predetermined limit value. This is also advantageous, but not mandatory, as explained elsewhere in the description.
  • the circles 241 are divided along common boundaries 243 in the areas 242.
  • these can Area boundaries 243 or pixel boundaries are particularly easy to be perceived by the eye due to their, in particular, linear regularity and thus have a disruptive effect on the perception of the projected information.
  • the pixel pattern 240 shown in FIG. 2B is suitable due to its irregularity to largely avoid such a perception disturbance. This irregularity is achieved compared to the embodiment of FIG. 2A in that each circle has been rotated once at a random or irregular angle around the concentric point with respect to the adjacent circle lying inside it.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of an advantageous pixel pattern 340 according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the pixel pattern 340 is based on a plurality of concentric circles 341, which could correspond to the movement pattern of a circular projection process according to the flying spot principle.
  • the respective circles 341 are divided into regions 342 which are arranged irregularly and which could correspond to the pixels of a circular projection process according to the flying spot principle.
  • the respective regions 342 of a respective circle are generally of the same size. While this can be simplistic and therefore advantageous, it is not essential for the success of the invention. As the size increases, the circles 341 are divided into increasingly more areas 342 as soon as the size of a respective area of a circle exceeds a predetermined limit value. This is also advantageous, but not mandatory, as will be explained elsewhere in the description.
  • FIG. 3 shows an area 346 in which the size of the areas 342 is larger in relation to the average area 342, and an area 347 in which the size of the areas 342 is smaller in relation to the average area 342.
  • FIG. 4A shows a schematic representation of a parallax-free observation of an object
  • FIG. 4B shows a schematic representation of a parallax-related observation of an object.
  • FIG. 4A shows an object 460 which is distant from a viewing eye 450 and which is likewise optically detected by an optical signal detection device 470.
  • the object 460 lies along a line 452, which stands at an angle ⁇ from a “straight-ahead” reference direction 451.
  • the object 460 lies along a line 472, which is around one Angle ⁇ differs from a "straight looking" reference direction 471.
  • the angles ⁇ and ⁇ are almost identical despite the distance between the eye 450 and that of an optical signal detection device 470.
  • FIG. 4B shows an object 460 ′ which is close to a viewing eye 450 and which is likewise optically detected by an optical signal detection device 470.
  • the object lies along a line 472 ', which differs by an angle ⁇ ' from a "straight-ahead” reference direction 471.
  • angles ⁇ ' and ⁇ ' are quite different due to the proximity of the object 460' and the distance between the eye 450 and that of an optical signal detection device 470.
  • Information system with a signal detection device suitable for detecting eye-related signals and an output device for making available information in correlation with the detected eye-related signals.
  • the image data processing compression device has an image data memory and is capable of the image data of an image with reference to the
  • Information system comprises a spectacle-shaped projection unit and an information unit separate from the projection unit, the one to be projected
  • Information system with a projection system that generates a light beam that is so with little divergence, little convergence or coherent in an eye can be projected so that the light beam at the air-eyeball transition has a diameter which is insignificant compared to the pupil diameter.
  • Pupil diameter has insignificant diameter
  • Eyeball transition has a diameter of less than 100 microns.
  • Information system according to item 7 the projection system being part of an optical system which uses the light beam to project pixels of a perceptible image onto the retina.
  • Information system with an eyeglass-shaped optical device which performs a scanning of an eye and / or a projection into an eye according to the flying spot principle, the eyeglass-shaped optical device having a darkening device which visually shields the eyes variably. vis the outside world allowed.
  • the darkening device having a darkening layer which automatically becomes more opaque with increasing photon radiation.
  • the darkening device is controllable and with a darkening control device which is able to emit control signals to the darkening device in order to vary the degree of shielding of the eyes in a targeted manner.
  • Information system with a visual field detection device, which detects optical signals from the visual field assigned to an eye; and a projection device which projects image information obtained on the basis of the detected optical signals into the eye, wherein if the parallax between the detection direction of the
  • the projection is carried out such that the eye mainly perceives the projected image information.
  • Beam of light illuminates the macula and its immediate surroundings.
  • the fine deflection device comprising a light source whose direction of light emission can be controlled.
  • Information system with an optical signal detection device for detecting light from an eye; and a signal processing device which, on the basis of the light detected from the eye, determines the position of a "shadow" of the retinal pit of the eye depicted on the cornea of the eye.
  • Information system according to item 26 with a projection device which illuminates the retina of the eye with modulated light.
  • Spectacle-shaped information system in particular an information system for delivering and / or detecting optical signals to or from an eye, with at least one ultrasound source for delivering modulated ultrasound signals; several ultrasonic detectors for the detection of the emitted
  • Ultrasonic signals and a signal processing device based on the detected
  • Ultrasound signals determine the position and / or orientation of the information system vis-a-vis the skull of a user.
  • Spectacle-shaped information system according to item 28, at least one of the ultrasound detectors being an array-like detector. Readjustment of the movement pattern
  • Information system with an optical scanning and / or projection device for scanning an eye or projection into an eye according to the flying spot principle, the movement pattern of the flying spot being readjusted during the scanning or projection process.
  • Information system according to item 31 or 33, with a pixel determination device which determines the irregular pattern on the basis of the image data to be projected.
  • Information system with a pixel determination device which determines the respective pixel contents on the basis of the image data to be projected and the irregular pattern.
  • Information system which is equipped with signal detection devices in such a way that detection of signals originating from a pair of eyes is possible with a signal processing device which determines the position of a characteristic, typically symmetrically arranged feature of both Eyes determined from the detected signals, and an eye-related horizon is calculated from the position of these two features.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'information et un procédé pour mettre à disposition relativement à l'oeil des informations et/ou pour mettre à disposition des informations obtenues relativement à l'oeil. Dans sa forme la plus générale, ce système d'information comprend un dispositif d'acquisition de signaux adapté à l'acquisition de signaux relatifs à l'oeil, ainsi qu'un dispositif de sortie pour mettre à disposition des informations en corrélation avec les signaux relatifs à l'oeil qui ont été acquis. L'invention concerne en particulier un système d'information qui comprend un système de projection générant un rayon lumineux qui peut être projeté avec une faible divergence, une faible convergence ou de façon cohérente dans un oeil de telle sorte que ledit rayon lumineux présente au niveau de l'interface air-cornée un diamètre insignifiant comparé au diamètre de la pupille.
PCT/EP2002/004030 2001-05-22 2002-04-10 Procede et systeme de mise a disposition d'informations relativement a l'oeil WO2002095480A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02771631A EP1395868A1 (fr) 2001-05-22 2002-04-10 Procede et systeme de mise a disposition d'informations relativement a l'oeil

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2001/005886 WO2002097511A1 (fr) 2001-05-22 2001-05-22 Procede et dispositif permettant d'adapter un systeme optique a la ligne de visee de l'oeil humain
EPPCT/EP01/05886 2001-05-22
DE2001127826 DE10127826A1 (de) 2001-06-08 2001-06-08 Projektionssystem und Projektionsverfahren
DE10127826.8 2001-06-08
PCT/EP2001/011634 WO2002031581A1 (fr) 2000-10-07 2001-10-08 Systeme et procede permettant de determiner l'orientation d'un oeil
PCT/EP2001/011633 WO2002033472A2 (fr) 2000-10-07 2001-10-08 Systeme d'informations et procede de diffusion d'informations faisant intervenir l'utilisation d'un element holographique
EPPCT/EP01/11634 2001-10-08
EPPCT/EP01/11633 2001-10-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002095480A1 true WO2002095480A1 (fr) 2002-11-28

Family

ID=27437976

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2002/004030 WO2002095480A1 (fr) 2001-05-22 2002-04-10 Procede et systeme de mise a disposition d'informations relativement a l'oeil

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1395868A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002095480A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5170153A (en) * 1989-12-12 1992-12-08 Sextant Avionique Optical device for the display of light data collimated to infinity
DE19631414A1 (de) * 1996-08-05 1998-02-19 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme des Netzhautreflexbildes und Überlagerung von Zusatzbildern im Auge
US6043799A (en) * 1998-02-20 2000-03-28 University Of Washington Virtual retinal display with scanner array for generating multiple exit pupils
WO2002031581A1 (fr) * 2000-10-07 2002-04-18 Physoptics Opto-Electronic Gmbh Systeme et procede permettant de determiner l'orientation d'un oeil

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5170153A (en) * 1989-12-12 1992-12-08 Sextant Avionique Optical device for the display of light data collimated to infinity
DE19631414A1 (de) * 1996-08-05 1998-02-19 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme des Netzhautreflexbildes und Überlagerung von Zusatzbildern im Auge
US6043799A (en) * 1998-02-20 2000-03-28 University Of Washington Virtual retinal display with scanner array for generating multiple exit pupils
WO2002031581A1 (fr) * 2000-10-07 2002-04-18 Physoptics Opto-Electronic Gmbh Systeme et procede permettant de determiner l'orientation d'un oeil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1395868A1 (fr) 2004-03-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE102020105652B4 (de) Verfolgungssystem mit infrarot-kamera
EP1405123B1 (fr) Systàme d'informations et procédé de diffusion d'informations faisant intervenir l'utilisation d'un element holographique
DE69830611T2 (de) Verfahren zur beleuchtung und bilddarstellung von augen mit brille bei anwendung von mehrfachbeleuchtungsquellen
EP3411747B1 (fr) Dispositif de projection pour visiocasque, methode de presentation d'images utilisant un visiocasque et controleur
DE69221987T2 (de) Am Kopf befestigte Abbildungsvorrichtung
EP1405122B1 (fr) Systeme permettant de determiner l'orientation d'un oeil
WO2018184718A1 (fr) Lunettes à réalité augmentée (ra) et procédé pour intégrer des images virtuelles dans une image visible grâce à au moins un verre de lunettes pour un porteur des lunettes
DE102017211932A1 (de) Projektionsvorrichtung für eine Datenbrille, Datenbrille sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Projektionsvorrichtung
DE112016004662T5 (de) Wearable-Display mit einstellbarer Pupillendistanz
EP2923234B1 (fr) Procédé de réduction de la luminosité d'au moins un objet perceptible par un porteur de lunettes, ainsi que lunettes anti-éblouissement
DE10103922A1 (de) Interaktives Datensicht- und Bediensystem
WO1998005992A2 (fr) Dispositif pour l'acquisition de l'image reflexe retinienne et la superposition d'images complementaires dans l'oeil
DE10047237A1 (de) System zur Aufnahme des Netzhautreflexbildes
EP3425560B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de détection des caractéristiques biométriques d'un visage d'une personne
EP3730998A1 (fr) Détermination d'au moins un paramètre optique d'un verre de lunettes
DE102014017534A1 (de) Anzeigevorrichtung, die auf den Kopf eines Benutzers aufsetzbar ist
DE102010041344A1 (de) Anzeigevorrichtung
EP1840627B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé destinés à la détermination de l'orientation d'un oeil
DE102018204627A1 (de) Projektionsvorrichtung für eine Datenbrille, eine solche Datenbrille sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Projektionsvorrichtung
EP1395868A1 (fr) Procede et systeme de mise a disposition d'informations relativement a l'oeil
WO2018028759A1 (fr) Lunettes de protection contre un rayon laser pour la protection complète, indépendante des longueurs d'onde, contre des rayons laser haute puissance
DE19728890A1 (de) Verfahren zur Verbesserung des optischen Wahrnehmungsvermögens durch Modifikation des Netzhautbildes
DE102018221565A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines holografisch-optischen Bauelements (HOE), welches zur Projektion in einem Projektionssystem vorgesehen ist, ein solches holografisch-optisches Bauelement, Projektionsvorrichtung, Brillenglas für eine Datenbrille sowie eine solche Datenbrille
DE102021200026A1 (de) Datenbrille und Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines virtuellen Bilds mit einem Rahmen unter Verwendung einer Datenbrille
EP3443883A1 (fr) Procédés et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures relatives à l' il

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2002771631

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2002771631

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Country of ref document: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 2002771631

Country of ref document: EP

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642