WO2002080212A1 - Blowing system for short-circuit switches - Google Patents

Blowing system for short-circuit switches Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002080212A1
WO2002080212A1 PCT/ES2002/000143 ES0200143W WO02080212A1 WO 2002080212 A1 WO2002080212 A1 WO 2002080212A1 ES 0200143 W ES0200143 W ES 0200143W WO 02080212 A1 WO02080212 A1 WO 02080212A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
switch
cylinder
chamber
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2002/000143
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Javier Ormazabal Ocerin
Original Assignee
Grupo Ormazabal, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grupo Ormazabal, S.A. filed Critical Grupo Ormazabal, S.A.
Publication of WO2002080212A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002080212A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume

Definitions

  • the cut-off switches in medium voltage load are provided to interrupt the current that at a given time circulates through the line and can reach the nominal cut-off value of the device, occurring at the time of the contact separation a electric arc that can damage them.
  • the load cut-off switches use mechanical, hydraulic or electric drives of sufficient power, as well as means of extinguishing the arc generated at the time of the breaker opening.
  • Magnetic blowing systems Gas blowing systems by fins. - Piston blowing systems.
  • the switch is connected to the piston of a cylinder inside which a gas is located, such that when the switch opens, the movement of its axis causes the displacement of the piston that compresses the gas contained in the cylinder chamber and projected on the arc generated at the time of opening the switch, causing its extinction.
  • the piston or piston blowing systems used today are very useful in the case of opening the switch, since it directs a jet of gas or air to the point where the arc is generated, causing its extinction but, in the closing or connection in the case of a short circuit in the network, the energy that must be supplied to the switch must be that necessary to achieve a high connection speed, overcoming all inertia, as well as the blow resistance of the piston to high speed, which leads to using maneuvering mechanisms with a lot of energy and therefore less durable, more expensive and with the possibility of damaging the switch and its active parts before.
  • valve will remain closed during the opening of the switch, so that the full potential of blowing of the gas contained within the piston chamber, operated by the operating mechanism and blowing effectively on the arc to be extinguished by means of a nozzle properly.
  • valve on the piston allows the drive to be operated with much less energy, which has a favorable effect on the loading force of springs, wear of shafts and parts, wear and formation of contacts, shocks and impacts, etc., all this without diminishing the speed and periodicity of the closing on the short circuit of the apparatus, a valve that on the other hand has the particularity that it lacks springs and additional elements, closing by pushing of gas contained in the piston chamber.
  • the system of the invention is characterized in that the main axis of rotation of the switch is associated, through a connecting rod, with the piston of a cylinder, so that in the direction of opening said piston slides through the interior of the cylinder and causes the compression of the gas inside, as well as the displacement of such gas towards upper nozzles arranged in the cylinder, in order to project it on the electric arc formed by the separation of the contacts, and in order to cool it and turn it off.
  • the closing and opening of the valve is carried out as a result of the piston having external holes and in circumferential arrangement with respect to the assembly of the valve, so that a placket thereof is capable of separating from those holes or resting on a seat in that they are made and carry out the opening and closing mentioned above.
  • Figure 1 Shows a schematic representation of the blowing system for load cutting switches made in accordance with the object of the invention, corresponding to the closing position of the switch and start of the opening movement.
  • Figure 2. Shows a view like that of the previous figure, in the opening position of the switch, and beginning of the closing movement.
  • Figure 3. Finally shows a detail in perspective according to the section in which the elements and parts that intervene in the cylinder whose piston is associated, through a connecting rod, are shown to the corresponding main axis of the switch, being seen in this figure the valve in opening situation.
  • the system of the invention is constituted from a cylinder (1) in which a piston (2) is movable, which establishes in that two chambers, a closed upper one (3) and another bottom open (4), being in communication with the outside through an outlet nozzles (5), while the base (2 ') of the piston (2) is linked, through a connecting rod (6), to the corresponding main and rotation axis (7) of the load cutting switch (7 ').
  • a regulating valve (8) and automatic opening valve is mounted, as will be shown below, which has a placket (9) capable of supporting in its corresponding piston (8 1 ) in a seat (10) established for this purpose in the base itself (2 ') of the piston (2), and in whose seat (10) a plurality of holes (11) capable of being closed by the placket (9) are also provided. ) of the valve (8) and establish a lack of communication between the chambers (3) and (4) of the cylinder (1), or capable of communicating both chambers (3) and (4) when the flap (9) is separated from the seat (10).

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  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system comprising a cylinder (1) containing a piston (2), which is directly connected to the main axle of rotation (7) of a switch by means of a link rod (6), and a valve (8), which is mounted on the base (2') of the piston (2). When the piston (2) moves in a manner that corresponds to the open position of the switch, said valve (8) closes the passage between the chambers (3 and 4) of the cylinder (1). In this way, the gas in chamber 3 is compressed and projected through the nozzles (5) in order to extinguish the arc which is generated during the opening of the switch. Meanwhile, when the switch rotation axle (7) movement is reversed, corresponding to the retraction of the piston (2), the valve (8) and the passage between the chambers (3 and 4) open. In this way, the gas in chamber 4 moves into chamber 3 and, as a result, the energy required to perform said piston retraction movement (2) is reduced.

Description

SISTEMA DE SOPLADO PARA INTERRUPTORES DE CORTE EN CARGA BLOWING SYSTEM FOR LOAD CUTTING SWITCHES
D E S C R I P C I Ó ND E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Es objeto de la invención proporcionar al sector eléctrico, concretamente a los fabricantes de interruptores de corte en carga de media tensión, un sistema que vea facilitada las operaciones de soplado para romper el arco generado en el accionamiento de un interruptor del tipo referido, y además conseguir que la operación de cierre del interruptor se realice con gran rapidez para evitar daños en el interruptor y componentes asociados al mismo.It is an object of the invention to provide the electrical sector, specifically to the manufacturers of medium voltage load cut-off switches, a system that facilitates blowing operations to break the arc generated in the actuation of a switch of the type referred to, and also ensure that the closing operation of the switch is carried out very quickly to avoid damage to the switch and its associated components.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Como es conocido, los interruptores de corte en carga de media tensión están previstos para interrumpir la corriente que en un momento determinado circula por la línea y pueda llegar al valor nominal de corte del aparato, produciéndose en el momento de la separación de los contactos un arco eléctrico que puede llegar a dañarlos.As is known, the cut-off switches in medium voltage load are provided to interrupt the current that at a given time circulates through the line and can reach the nominal cut-off value of the device, occurring at the time of the contact separation a electric arc that can damage them.
Otra de las situaciones que pueden producirse son los cierres contra cortocircuitos, es decir, aquellos casos en los que habiendo una falta o cortocircuito en la red, se efectúe una maniobra de conexión del interruptor. En este caso se produce un incremento brutal de la corriente que pasa por los contactos, llegando a varios KA y además se produce una erosión debida al pre-arco.Another of the situations that may occur are the closures against short circuits, that is, those cases in which there being a fault or short circuit in the network, a switch connection maneuver is performed. In this case there is a brutal increase in the current that passes through the contacts, reaching several KA and also an erosion due to the pre-arc.
Para conseguir limitar al máximo el desgaste de los contactos, interesa que la maniobra de apertura del interruptor sea lo mas rápida posible, para que la separación de los contactos se realice también de forma rápida. Para ello, los interruptores de corte en carga utilizan accionamientos mecánicos, hidráulicos o eléctricos de suficiente potencia, así como medios de extinción del arco generado en el momento de la apertura del interruptor.In order to limit the wear of the contacts as much as possible, it is important that the switch opening maneuver be as quick as possible, so that the Contact separation is also carried out quickly. To do this, the load cut-off switches use mechanical, hydraulic or electric drives of sufficient power, as well as means of extinguishing the arc generated at the time of the breaker opening.
Para la extinción del arco generado en el momento de la apertura del interruptor se utilizan habitualmente los siguientes sistemas:The following systems are commonly used to extinguish the arc generated at the time the switch is opened:
Sistemas de laminación y enfriamiento del arco estático .Lamination and cooling systems of the static arc.
Sistemas de soplado magnético. Sistemas de soplado de gas por aletas. - Sistemas de soplado por pistón.Magnetic blowing systems. Gas blowing systems by fins. - Piston blowing systems.
En los sistemas de soplado por pistón mencionados, el interruptor está conectado al pistón de un cilindro en cuyo interior se encuentra un gas, de tal manera que cuando el interruptor se abre, el movimiento de su eje provoca el desplazamiento del pistón que comprime el gas contenido en la cámara del cilindro y lo proyecta sobre el arco generado en el momento de apertura del interruptor, provocando su extinción.In the aforementioned piston blowing systems, the switch is connected to the piston of a cylinder inside which a gas is located, such that when the switch opens, the movement of its axis causes the displacement of the piston that compresses the gas contained in the cylinder chamber and projected on the arc generated at the time of opening the switch, causing its extinction.
Pues bien, estos sistemas de extinción de arco mediante soplado por pistón presentan el inconveniente de que al efectuar la operación inversa, es decir, el cierre de conexión del interruptor en una situación de cortocircuito, el émbolo del pistón debe ejercer una fuerza muy importante para su extensión puesto que su movimiento dependerá de la velocidad de llenado de la cámara del pistón y éste llenado se efectúa lentamente por cuanto se realiza aspirando gas a través de los pequeños orificios de las toberas. Esto provoca que la retracción del émbolo sea muy lenta y el arco que se genera durante el cierre del interruptor pueda erosionar los contactos del mismo. Asimismo, el gas que penetra a través de las toberas, es gas contaminado, el cual puede contaminar seriamente la cámara del pistón, disminuyendo su capacidad de renovación de gas limpio para la siguiente maniobra.Well, these arc extinguishing systems by piston blowing have the disadvantage that when performing the reverse operation, that is, the closing of the switch connection in a short-circuit situation, the piston piston must exert a very important force to its extension since its movement will depend on the filling speed of the piston chamber and this filling is carried out slowly because it is done by aspirating gas through the small holes of the nozzles. This causes the piston retraction to be very slow and the arc that is generated during the closing of the switch can erode its contacts. Also, the gas that penetrates through the nozzles is contaminated gas, which can seriously contaminate the piston chamber, reducing its ability to renew clean gas for the next maneuver.
Por lo tanto, los sistemas de soplado por émbolo o pistón utilizados en la actualidad, resultan muy útiles en el caso de apertura del interruptor, ya que dirige un chorro de gas o aire al punto donde se genera el arco, provocando su extinción pero, en el cierre o conexión en el caso de haber un cortocircuito en la red, la energía que se debe suministrar al interruptor deberá ser la necesaria para conseguir una gran velocidad de conexión, venciendo todas las inercias, así como la resistencia de soplado del pistón a gran velocidad, lo que lleva a utilizar mecanismos de maniobra con mucha energía y por ello menos duraderos, más costosos y con posibilidad de dañar antes el interruptor y sus partes activas.Therefore, the piston or piston blowing systems used today are very useful in the case of opening the switch, since it directs a jet of gas or air to the point where the arc is generated, causing its extinction but, in the closing or connection in the case of a short circuit in the network, the energy that must be supplied to the switch must be that necessary to achieve a high connection speed, overcoming all inertia, as well as the blow resistance of the piston to high speed, which leads to using maneuvering mechanisms with a lot of energy and therefore less durable, more expensive and with the possibility of damaging the switch and its active parts before.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El sistema que se preconiza viene a resolver la problemática anteriormente expuesta, basándose en dotar al interruptor de un pistón vinculado directamente al eje de accionamiento de aquel, estando el pistón asociado a una válvula de apertura automática que realiza dos funciones fundamentales de regulación:The system that is recommended comes to solve the problem described above, based on providing the switch with a piston directly linked to the actuator axis, the piston being associated with an automatic opening valve that performs two fundamental regulation functions:
Ia. -La válvula permanecerá cerrada durante la apertura del interruptor, de forma que se aprovecha todo el potencial de soplado del gas contenido dentro de la cámara del pistón, accionado por el mecanismo de maniobra y soplando de forma eficaz sobre el arco a extinguir mediante una tobera de forma adecuada .' I a . -The valve will remain closed during the opening of the switch, so that the full potential of blowing of the gas contained within the piston chamber, operated by the operating mechanism and blowing effectively on the arc to be extinguished by means of a nozzle properly. '
2 a .- Conseguir una apertura automática en el caso de cierre del interruptor, con lo cual disminuirá por un lado grandemente la energía de accionamiento necesaria, permitiendo una gran velocidad de cierre de los contactos, así como un intercambio o renovación del gas contenido en la cámara del pistón por gas nuevo, dispuesto a la siguiente maniobra de apertura.2 a .- Get an automatic opening in the case of closing the switch, which will greatly reduce the necessary drive energy, allowing a high closing speed of the contacts, as well as an exchange or renewal of the gas contained in the new gas piston chamber, ready for the next opening maneuver.
Esas funciones permiten conseguir una disminución de la contaminación de la cámara del pistón al entrar gas nuevo por la válvula, en lugar del contaminado por la tobera .These functions make it possible to achieve a decrease in the contamination of the piston chamber when new gas enters the valve, instead of the one contaminated by the nozzle.
Por lo tanto, la utilización de la válvula sobre el pistón, permite realizar el accionamiento con mucha menos energía, lo que repercute favorablemente en la fuerza de carga de resortes, desgaste de ejes y piezas, desgaste y formación de contactos, choques e impactos, etc., todo ello sin disminuir la velocidad y periodicidad del cierre sobre el cortocircuito del aparato, válvula que por otro lado presenta la particularidad de que carece de resortes y de elementos adicionales, cerrándose por empuje de gas contenido en la cámara del pistón.Therefore, the use of the valve on the piston allows the drive to be operated with much less energy, which has a favorable effect on the loading force of springs, wear of shafts and parts, wear and formation of contacts, shocks and impacts, etc., all this without diminishing the speed and periodicity of the closing on the short circuit of the apparatus, a valve that on the other hand has the particularity that it lacks springs and additional elements, closing by pushing of gas contained in the piston chamber.
Más concretamente, el sistema de la invención se caracteriza porque el eje principal de giro del interruptor está asociado, a través de una biela, con el pistón de un cilindro, de manera que en sentido de apertura dicho pistón se desliza por el interior del cilindro y provoca la compresión del gas que está en su interior, así como el desplazamiento de tal gas hacia unas toberas superiores dispuestas en el cilindro, con el fin de proyectarlo sobre el arco eléctrico que se forma por la separación de los contactos, y con el objeto de enfriarlo y apagarlo.More specifically, the system of the invention is characterized in that the main axis of rotation of the switch is associated, through a connecting rod, with the piston of a cylinder, so that in the direction of opening said piston slides through the interior of the cylinder and causes the compression of the gas inside, as well as the displacement of such gas towards upper nozzles arranged in the cylinder, in order to project it on the electric arc formed by the separation of the contacts, and in order to cool it and turn it off.
En el pistón se ha previsto el montaje de una válvula que permanece cerrada durante la realización del movimiento anteriormente referido, contribuyendo a comprimir el gas y a desplazarlo a la salida de las toberas.The installation of a valve that remains closed during the execution of the aforementioned movement is provided on the piston, contributing to compressing the gas and moving it to the outlet of the nozzles.
Ahora bien, durante el movimiento de giro del eje principal del interruptor en sentido de cierre, dicho pistón se desliza por el interior del cilindro en sentido contrario al anteriormente referido, el aire entra en la cámara muy lentamente, a través de los pequeños orificios de las toberas, generándose un vacío en la cámara superior del pistón, lo que permite que la válvula se abra y deje entrar el aire desde el otro lado del cilindro, con lo que finalmente se igualarán las presiones en ambos lados del pistón, reduciéndose la resistencia al avance del pistón y por consiguiente la operación se realiza con mayor rapidez y requiriendo menor energía.However, during the rotational movement of the main axis of the switch in the closing direction, said piston slides inside the cylinder in the opposite direction to the aforementioned, the air enters the chamber very slowly, through the small holes of the nozzles, generating a vacuum in the upper chamber of the piston, which allows the valve to open and let the air in from the other side of the cylinder, which will finally equalize the pressures on both sides of the piston, reducing the resistance to the advance of the piston and therefore the operation is carried out more quickly and requiring less energy.
El cierre y apertura de la válvula se realiza como consecuencia de que el pistón presenta unos orificios externos y en disposición circunferencial respecto del montaje de la válvula, de manera que una tapeta de ésta es susceptible de separarse de esos orificios o apoyarse en un asiento en el que están realizados los mismos y llevar a cabo la apertura y cierre anteriormente referidos .The closing and opening of the valve is carried out as a result of the piston having external holes and in circumferential arrangement with respect to the assembly of the valve, so that a placket thereof is capable of separating from those holes or resting on a seat in that they are made and carry out the opening and closing mentioned above.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being realizing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, in accordance with a preferred example of practical realization thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, where illustrative and non-limiting, The following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una representación esquemática del sistema de soplado para interruptores de corte en carga realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la invención, correspondiendo a la posición de cierre del interruptor e inicio del movimiento de apertura.Figure 1.- Shows a schematic representation of the blowing system for load cutting switches made in accordance with the object of the invention, corresponding to the closing position of the switch and start of the opening movement.
La figura 2. - Muestra una vista como la de la figura anterior, en la posición de apertura del interruptor, e inicio del movimiento de cierre.Figure 2. - Shows a view like that of the previous figure, in the opening position of the switch, and beginning of the closing movement.
La figura 3. - Muestra finalmente un detalle en perspectiva según la sección en la que se dejan ver los elementos y partes que intervienen en el cilindro cuyo pistón está asociado, a través de una biela, al correspondiente eje principal del interruptor, viéndose en esta figura la válvula en situación de apertura.Figure 3. - Finally shows a detail in perspective according to the section in which the elements and parts that intervene in the cylinder whose piston is associated, through a connecting rod, are shown to the corresponding main axis of the switch, being seen in this figure the valve in opening situation.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, el sistema de la invención se constituye a partir de un cilindro (1) en el que es desplazable un pistón (2) , que establece en aquel dos cámaras, una superior cerrada (3) y otra inferior abierta (4) , estando aquella en comunicación con el exterior a través de unas toberas de salida (5) , mientras que la base (2') del pistón (2) está vinculada, a través de una biela (6) , al correspondiente eje principal y de giro (7) del interruptor (7') de corte en carga. En la base (2') del pistón (2) va montada una válvula de regulación (8) y de apertura automática, según se expondrá seguidamente, la cual presenta en su correspondiente émbolo (81) una tapeta (9) susceptible de apoyar en un asiento (10) establecido al efecto en la propia base (2') del pistón (2), y en cuyo asiento (10) se han previsto además una pluralidad de orificios (11) susceptibles de ser cerrados por la tapeta (9) de la válvula (8) y establecer una incomunicación entre las cámaras (3) y (4) del cilindro (1) , o bien susceptibles de comunicar ambas cámaras (3) y (4) cuando la tapeta (9) se separa del asiento (10) .As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, the system of the invention is constituted from a cylinder (1) in which a piston (2) is movable, which establishes in that two chambers, a closed upper one (3) and another bottom open (4), being in communication with the outside through an outlet nozzles (5), while the base (2 ') of the piston (2) is linked, through a connecting rod (6), to the corresponding main and rotation axis (7) of the load cutting switch (7 '). On the base (2 ') of the piston (2) a regulating valve (8) and automatic opening valve is mounted, as will be shown below, which has a placket (9) capable of supporting in its corresponding piston (8 1 ) in a seat (10) established for this purpose in the base itself (2 ') of the piston (2), and in whose seat (10) a plurality of holes (11) capable of being closed by the placket (9) are also provided. ) of the valve (8) and establish a lack of communication between the chambers (3) and (4) of the cylinder (1), or capable of communicating both chambers (3) and (4) when the flap (9) is separated from the seat (10).
Con la realización referida y representada en los dibujos, el funcionamiento es como sigue:With the embodiment referred to and represented in the drawings, the operation is as follows:
Cuando se realiza la apertura del interruptor, que corresponde a la figura 1, el giro en el sentido indicado por la flecha del eje principal (7) lleva consigo el basculamiento de la biela (6) y por lo tanto el empuje ascendente del émbolo (2), permaneciendo la válvula (8) cerrada por el gas que se va comprimiendo en la cámara (3) , ya que esa compresión del gas trae consigo el empuje de la tapeta (9) contra el asiento (10) y por lo tanto cerrando los orificios (11) e incomunicando las cámaras (3) y (4) del cilindro (1) en el que juega el pistón (2) . En esta operación y movimientos correspondientes se produce la salida de gas a través de las toberas (5) , produciendo el soplado del arco y por lo tanto su extinción en la apertura del interruptor.When opening the switch, corresponding to Figure 1, the rotation in the direction indicated by the arrow of the main shaft (7) entails the tilting of the connecting rod (6) and therefore the upward thrust of the piston ( 2), the valve (8) being closed by the gas that is compressed in the chamber (3), since that compression of the gas brings with it the thrust of the flap (9) against the seat (10) and therefore closing the holes (11) and incommunicating the chambers (3) and (4) of the cylinder (1) in which the piston (2) plays. In this operation and corresponding movements, the gas outlet is produced through the nozzles (5), producing the arc blowing and therefore its extinction in the opening of the switch.
Ahora bien, en el caso de cierre del interruptor, es decir en la operación inversa, el giro en sentido contrario del eje principal (7) del interruptor (7 ' ) lleva consigo el basculamiento en sentido opuesto de la biela (6) y por lo tanto el retraimiento del cilindro (2) que produce una succión de gas a través de los pequeños orificios de las toberas (5) , estableciéndose un vacío en la cámara superior (3), lo que da lugar a que la mayor presión existente en la cámara inferior (4) empuje hacia arriba la tapeta (9) y provoque con ello su separación del asiento (10) , dejando descubiertos los orificios (11) y estableciendo una comunicación entre ambas cámaras (3) y (4) hasta que se igualen las presiones a ambos lados del émbolo (2) , con lo que se reduce la resistencia al desplazamiento del émbolo (2) y por consiguiente el movimiento del mismo y por extensión del eje principal (7) del interruptor (7'), requiriéndose en consecuencia menor energía para llevar a cabo el movimiento de giro de ese eje (7) .However, in the case of closing the switch, that is to say in the reverse operation, the rotation in the opposite direction of the main axis (7) of the switch (7 ') leads to the tilting in the opposite direction of the connecting rod (6) and therefore the retraction of the cylinder (2) that produces a suction of gas through the small holes of the nozzles (5), establishing a vacuum in the upper chamber (3), which results in the highest pressure existing in the lower chamber (4) push up the placket (9) and thus cause its separation from the seat (10), leaving openings (11) and establishing a communication between both chambers (3) and (4) until that the pressures on both sides of the piston (2) are equalized, thereby reducing the resistance to displacement of the piston (2) and consequently the movement thereof and by extension of the main shaft (7) of the switch (7 ') , consequently requiring less energy to carry out the rotation movement of that axis (7).
Además, el paso de gas desde la cámara (4) hasta la cámara (3) , en esta fase de movimientos en los que se establece el cierre del interruptor, produce una renovación del gas en esa cámara superior (3) , mejorando el rendimiento y efectividad en la extinción del arco, ya que ese gas limpio que pasa a través de la válvula (8) contribuye a la limpieza de la cámara y del propio pistón del cilindro. In addition, the passage of gas from the chamber (4) to the chamber (3), in this phase of movements in which the closing of the switch is established, produces a renewal of the gas in that upper chamber (3), improving the performance and effectiveness in the extinction of the arc, since that clean gas that passes through the valve (8) contributes to the cleaning of the chamber and of the cylinder piston itself.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E SR E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
Ia.- Sistema de soplado para interruptores de corte en carga, en el que el soplado se realiza por desplazamiento de un pistón en el interior de un cilindro, al objeto de que a través del desplazamiento de dicho pistón se produzca la proyección de un chorro de gas o aire al punto donde se genera el arco durante la apertura del propio interruptor, caracterizado porque el correspondiente pistón (2) del cilindro (1) de soplado, está relacionado directamente con el eje de giro principal (7) del interruptor (7'), contando además dicho pistón (2) con una válvula (8) de apertura automática, la cual permanece cerrada durante la apertura del interruptor y se abre automáticamente durante la operación de cierre del mismo, estableciéndose en el primer caso una compresión del gas en la cámara correspondiente (3) del cilindro (1), mientras que en el segundo caso se establece una comunicación entre las cámaras (3) y (4) del cilindro (1) para compensar las presiones y requerir menos energía en el accionamiento del émbolo (2) hacia su posición de retraimiento correspondiente al del cierre del interruptor (7') y consecuentemente un desplazamiento rápido del pistón (2) en la operación de cierre del interruptor.I to .- blowing system for interrupters load, wherein the blowing is performed by displacement of a piston inside a cylinder, in order that through movement of said piston projection occurs a gas or air jet to the point where the arc is generated during the opening of the switch itself, characterized in that the corresponding piston (2) of the blowing cylinder (1) is directly related to the main rotation axis (7) of the switch ( 7 '), said piston (2) also having an automatic opening valve (8), which remains closed during the opening of the switch and automatically opens during the closing operation thereof, establishing in the first case a compression of the gas in the corresponding chamber (3) of the cylinder (1), while in the second case a communication is established between the chambers (3) and (4) of the cylinder (1) to compensate for the pressures and require less energy in the actuation of the piston (2) towards its position of retraction corresponding to that of the closing of the switch (7 ') and consequently a rapid movement of the piston (2) in the closing operation of the switch.
2a.- Sistema de soplado para interruptores de corte en carga, según reivindicación Ia, caracterizado porque la vinculación directa entre el eje principal de giro (7) del interruptor (7') y el pistón (2) desplazable anterior del cilindro (1) , se realiza mediante una biela (6) .2 .- blowing system for interrupters load, according to claim I to, wherein the direct link between the main axis of rotation (7) of the switch (7 ') and the piston (2) above displaceable cylinder ( 1), is done by a connecting rod (6).
3a.- Sistema de soplado para interruptores de corte en carga, según reivindicación Ia, caracterizado porque el pistón (2) cuenta con una base (2 ' ) en la que está montada la correspondiente válvula (8), cuyo émbolo (8') presenta una tapeta (9) susceptible de quedar situada sobre un asiento (10) en el que están realizados una serie de orificios (11) en la base (2 ' ) del pistón (2), cerrando el paso de gas desde la cámara (4) a la cámara (3) , o bien separándose de ese asiento (10) para establecer comunicación de las cámaras (3) y (4) a través de los orificios (11) establecidos en el asiento (10) previsto en la base (2 ' ) en el pistón (2). 3 .- blowing system for interrupters load, according to claim I to, wherein the piston (2) has a base (2 ') in which is mounted a corresponding valve (8), the plunger (8 ') presents a placket (9) capable of being placed on a seat (10) in which a series of holes (11) are made in the base (2 ') of the piston (2), closing the gas passage from the chamber (4) ) to the chamber (3), or separating from that seat (10) to establish communication of the chambers (3) and (4) through the holes (11) established in the seat (10) provided in the base ( 2 ') on the piston (2).
PCT/ES2002/000143 2001-03-30 2002-03-21 Blowing system for short-circuit switches WO2002080212A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200100751A ES2179773B1 (en) 2001-03-30 2001-03-30 BLOWING SYSTEM FOR LOAD CUTTING SWITCHES
ESP200100751 2001-03-30

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WO2002080212A1 true WO2002080212A1 (en) 2002-10-10

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103187199A (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-03 厦门华电开关有限公司 Gas-insulated load switch
EP3855468A1 (en) * 2020-01-24 2021-07-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit breaker, valve assembly and operating method thereof

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GB2011718A (en) * 1977-12-12 1979-07-11 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas blast switch
US4491706A (en) * 1982-07-16 1985-01-01 Asea Aktiebolag Circuit breaker with means for producing a flow of arc-extinguishing gas
US4517425A (en) * 1983-09-14 1985-05-14 Mcgraw-Edison Company Self-flow generating gas interrupter
JPH0282419A (en) * 1988-09-19 1990-03-23 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Buffer type gas circuit-breaker
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FR2763172A1 (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-13 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Reduced self-compression arc extinguishing circuit breaker

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2011718A (en) * 1977-12-12 1979-07-11 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas blast switch
US4491706A (en) * 1982-07-16 1985-01-01 Asea Aktiebolag Circuit breaker with means for producing a flow of arc-extinguishing gas
US4517425A (en) * 1983-09-14 1985-05-14 Mcgraw-Edison Company Self-flow generating gas interrupter
JPH0282419A (en) * 1988-09-19 1990-03-23 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Buffer type gas circuit-breaker
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US5561280A (en) * 1994-06-20 1996-10-01 Gec Alsthom T&D Ag Compressed gas-blast circuit breaker
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103187199A (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-03 厦门华电开关有限公司 Gas-insulated load switch
EP3855468A1 (en) * 2020-01-24 2021-07-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit breaker, valve assembly and operating method thereof

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Publication number Publication date
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ES2179773B1 (en) 2004-03-16

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