WO2002053847A1

WO2002053847A1 - A house with a lift slab

Info

Publication number: WO2002053847A1
Application number: PCT/CZ2001/000071
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jiri Schmidt
Original assignee: Jiri Schmidt
Priority date: 2000-11-30
Filing date: 2001-11-30
Publication date: 2002-07-11
Also published as: CZ295062B6; CZ20004444A3

Abstract

A house (1) with a lift slab, the salb part (20) of which is made of a frame (201) of a system of mutually frimly connected profile girders (21, 22, 23, 24) for seating of the interior walls (31, 32, 33, 34), the free ends of the profile girders (21, 22, 23, 24) being, for the purpose of the slab part (20) elevation, placed in the vertical slots (111, 121, 131, 141) of the bearing walls (11, 12, 13, 14) of the house (1). In accordance with the advantageous implementations, the interior walls (31, 32, 33, 34) are made of the truss (311, 321, 331, 341), the profile girders (21, 22, 23, 24) form the lower ribs (312, 322, 332, 342) of the truss (311, 321, 331, 341), the interior walls (31, 32, 33, 34), made of the truss (311, 321, 331, 341), form a spatial framed structure, the free ends of both the lower ribs (312, 322, 332, 342) and the upper ribs (313, 323, 333, 343) of the truss (311, 321, 331, 341) are placed in the vertical slots (111, 121, 131, 141) of the bearing walls (11, 12, 13, 14) and the profile girders (21, 22, 23, 24) or the lower ribs (312, 322, 332, 342) fo the truss (311, 321, 331, 341) are equipped with side slots (212, 222, 232, 242) for seating of the slab beams (213, 223, 233, 243).

Description

A house with a lift slab

Description

The invention relates to a house with a lift slab.

The lift slab houses are generally known. The slab parts intended for lifting are produced out of the site; they usually are self-supporting, consisting of cast parts, and are reinforced with pre-stressed iron bars or matting. The cast slab parts intended for lifting are very heavy and their lifting is very exacting from the engineering point of view. Very often, those slab parts may only be elevated using high construction cranes. The slab parts are usually anchored to the bearing walls by time-consuming welding of the steel reinforcing bars of the slab parts to the reinforcing bars or the bearing steel parts of the house walls . The connection of the slab parts with the bearing walls parts is very inaccurate and causes subsequent problems, especially in development of leaks and cleavages. In order to unload the slab parts, oblong bearing profiles are sometimes placed under the slab -parts; the tips of the profiles are anchored to the bearin ^'walls^' . The lift parts are then put on those bearing profiles. However,, the accessible length of the bearing profiles depends on the size of their cross-section; therefore, it -is limited and the span of the slab parts may not be big. There is a general effort to look for better materials that -could-be^'-able to provide for the self-support of the slab parts, however, no significant improvement may be expected. In order the slab parts might bear interior walls they should be dimensioned as self-supporting or they should be supported with long girders anchored in the bearing walls of the house. The interior walls of the over ground floors create an additional burden to the slab parts without taking part in the bearing function of the slab parts or that of the house. The aim of this invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the existing technological conditions and to provide for a lift slab house which construction assembly would be quicker and simpler, which would not put high demands on the building mechanization, whose spans and, therefore, areas without supporting slab parts would be bigger, and which could be built of easily available and cheap building materials and construction parts and its all building parts would be more proportionally loaded.

The lifted slab house, which slab part is made of a frame consisting of a system of mutually firmly connected profile beams for seating of the interior walls, with the free ends of the profile girders being placed in vertical slots of the bearing walls of the house, substantially eliminates some of the disadvantages of the existing technological conditions and reaches the aim of the invention. In accordance with the advantageous implementation, the interior walls are made of the truss. The profile girders may advantageously form lower ribs of the truss. The interior walls made of the truss may form spatial framed structure and the free ends of the lower and upper ribs of the truss may be placed in the vertical slots. The profile girders and the lower truss ribs may also be advantageously equipped with side slots in order to seat the slab beams. The advantages of the lift slab house according to the invention consist in the fact that the frame of the system of the mutually firmly connected profile girders for seating of the interior walls may be assembled into a unit in the initial position (for example, in a position at a building foundation) and then they may be elevated into a position of one of the highest house floors; in its elevated position, the slab may be stabilized using known means. The interior walls may thus be assembled, connected and completed at the ground floor level where the transport to the position and assembly are easier than at the higher floors. The vertical slots in the bearing walls of the house provide for an accurate guidance of the profile girder ends. A sufficient time and cost saving is reached by the fact that it is not necessary to iteratively transport the materials to the higher floors. The activity of the elevating mechanisms is limited to a single elevation of a completed slab part into a higher floor. The completed slab part including the interior walls of a higher floor may be elevated to the respective higher floor level by means of known hydraulic jacks. During elevation, the free ends of the profile girders are guided and their position is secured in the vertical slots made in the bearing walls of the house. The free ends of the profile girders are secured in the bearing walls using known means, for example with wedges or bolts. If the interior walls are placed on the profile girders made of the truss, the construction parts of the house including the interior walls are loaded more proportionally than it is in the existing systems. The interior walls made of the truss carry a sufficient part of the slab weight and therefore the slab is not necessarily dimensioned thick and its bearing slab parts only serve as the bearing parts of the higher floor. An even higher effect may be reached if the interior walls are mutually firmly connected and the truss forms a spatial structure. Such spatial structure contributes to a sufficiently higher stability of the entire construction. The ceiling panels and floors of the respective rooms of the higher floor may be easily assembled from the slab beams which may be placed between the side slots in the profile girders and the slots, incisions or supports created in the bearing walls of the house. Their length should not exceed the length of the respective room because the bearing function of the slab is taken over by the frame of the system of the mutually firmly connected profile girders. An additional sufficient advantage consists in an increase of the span under the frame of the system of the mutually firmly connected profile girders. Thanks to that large rooms may be created under the slab part without any necessity to support the slab part. Even higher spans may be reached if the interior walls are mutually firmly connected or if the truss forms a spatial structure. Using the method described, the slab part and the interior walls may be assembled at the ground floor and, after the assembly is completed, the completed slab part may be even dropped to the underground floors. The advantage of bigger spans becomes notable in cases of large area floors, e.g. in assembly rooms, halls and in case of underground floors, e.g. for the purpose of garage construction.

The lift slab house according to the invention is represented by the designs with spatial projections, where Fig. 1 represents the view on the house with the frame made of the system of firmly connected profile girders, Fig. 2 represents the house with the frame in its basic position with the interior walls made of the truss, Fig. 3 represents the house with the frame in its elevated position and with the interior walls made of the truss and Fig. 4 represents the house with the frame in its elevated position with the interior walls made of the truss and with the slab beams.

In Fig. 1 the slab part 20 of the house 1 , made of a frame 201 with interior walls 3_1, 3_2, 33 and 34 is represented. The frame consists of the individual welded steel girders of the HEB section, which are prepared by hot rolling. In the circumferential bearing walls 1_1, \2_, 1_3, 14_ of the house 1_ vertical slots 111, 121, 131, 141 are made to which the free ends of the profile girders 21, 22, 23, 24_ of the frame 201 are placed; the free ends are mutually firmly connected e.g. by welding. The interior walls 3_1_, 32, 3_3, 3_4 are placed on the profile girders 2_1, 22., 23 and 24_ and are mutually connected to form the interior layout of the floor of the house 1 . The free ends of the profile girders 2_1, 22, 23, 24_ of the frame 201 are moveable in the vertical slots 111. 121, 131, 141 of the bearing walls 1_1, 12, 13, 14_ and thus the frame 201 may be elevated as a whole, up to the level of a higher over ground floor. The frame 201 may be advantageously used as a slab part of the highest over ground floor under the roof of the house 1 (not shown) . In that case the interior walls 3J1, 32, 33 3_4 are not placed on the profile girders 21, 22, 23, 24 or those walls are adapted to the garret area shape. In Fig. 2 the interior walls 3_1, 32^ _33, 3_4 are made of truss 311, 32JL, 331, 3_41, panel girders 314, 324, 334_ and 344 and upper ribs 313, 323, 333 and 343, which are firmly connected in order to reach the principal property of the truss, the self-supporting feature. The lower ribs 312, 322, 332 and 342, the panel girders 3T4_' 324, 334 and 344 and the upper ribs 313, 323, 333 and 343 may advantageously be made of wooden beams, however, even other types of materials, e.g. steel and plastics may be used. The interior walls 3_1, 32, 33, 34, made of the truss 311, 321, 331, 341, sufficiently contribute to the rigidity of the entire slab part 20. For this purpose, the trusses 311, 321, 331, 341 are mutually firmly connected at the points of connection of the interior walls 31, 32, 33, 34. In the vertical slots 111, 121, 131, 141 of the bearing walls 1_1, 1_2, 1_3, _1_4 the free ends of the lower ribs 312, 322, 332 and 3 2 and the upper ribs 313, 323_/ 333 and 343 are placed; this provides for the required rigidity of the slab part 20 and the entire house. The slab part 20, formed by the trusses 311, 321, 331 and 341, is, according to Fig. 3, shown in the elevated position at a level of a higher over ground floor. For the movement the free ends of the lower ribs 312, 322, 332 and 342 and the upper ribs 313, 323, 333 and 343 are moveably placed in the vertical slots 111, 121, 131, 141. In its elevated position, the slab part 2D is secured with known means, e.g. wedges, bolts, inserts and so on (not shown). According to Fig. 4, the slab part 20_, formed by the trusses 311, 321, 331 and 341, is shown in its elevated position at a level of a higher over ground floors. The profile girders 2_1, 2_2, 2_3, 2_4 ere equipped, at least at a single side, with side slots 212, 222, 232, 242 into which the slab beams 213, 223, 233, 243 are placed with their ends. The opposite ends of the slab beams 213, 223, 233, 243 are placed into the masonry of the circumferential bearing walls 1_1, 12, 13 and 1_ . The floor of the respective over ground slab will easily be placed on those slab beams 213, 223, 233, 243. During the process of construction, the frame 201 may easily be adjusted to the accurate size at a workshop off the building site and only its assembly will be carried out at the site. The respective parts of the frame 201 are transported to the building site and then they are welded together at a horizontal level of the ground slab of the building to form a single unit. The free ends of the frame 201 are placed in the vertical slots of the bearing circumferential walls 1_1, 12,

13, 14 during welding and therefore the completed slab part 20_ is, from the very beginning, placed in the right position and does get a chance of any subsequent undesirable shift. No building waste is formed during the house construction. The requirements for building parts / material manipulation are minimum. No construction mechanization is necessary. After completing, the surface finish treatment of the frame 201 may be performed. The vertical slots 111, 121, 131, 141 in the circumferential bearing walls 11, 12, _13, 1_4 are made of hot- rolled steel bars of the UPE cross-section, anchored into the brickwork-made slots in the circumferential walls JL1, 12, 13,

1 . The steel bar of the UPE cross section is shop-adjusted to the accurate size so that only installation may take place at the site and no building waste is formed. The transport of materials at the building site may be carried out by human labour of the workers, thus no requirements for the construction mechanization are necessary. There is minimum manipulation with construction parts, the works are carried out at the ground level up to the first over ground level and thus the highest risks, which are usual in case of high- building works and load hoisting in heights, are eliminated. The safety of work will be significantly increased. The individual interior walls, consisting of wooden beams connected with the steel frame by keystones and linked together with knee-bracket plates and steel angles, are placed on the steel frame. Each of the frame parts, along with the interior wall, forms a truss part. Al the truss parts are subject to surface treatment in their position on the foundation slab. The entire assembly will be carried out in the position at the level of the ground floor foundation slab. The transport of the materials and construction parts over the building site is minimum since the assembly is carried out directly at the point of destination. Due to an easy assembly of all the parts at the ground floor foundation slab level most of the works may be carried out off the building site and thus grinding and noisy drilling at the building site is significantly limited. The construction parts, especially the interior walls 31, 32, 33, 34_, are prepared off the building site and therefore they may be produced in high professional quality. Their shop-production sufficiently facilitates the on-site assembly. The system of the laid-out and firmly connected interior walls 3_1, 32, 33_, 3_4 made of the truss, forms a basic slab part 20. The slab part 20_, completed at the ground floor foundation slab, will be elevated by hydraulic or mechanical jacks to the final position, e.g. at the level of the second over ground floor. The period of elevation of the slab part 2_0 lasts maximum a single working day and thus the contractor may only hire the jacks for a short period. The complete assembly of the principal bearing structure for the second / third over ground floor is carried out at the first over ground floor level. After the slab part 2_0 is elevated into the final position, the UE cross-section steel bars are put in the vertical slots of the bearing circumferential walls, which support and secure the slab part 2_0 in its final position. Those bars may advantageously be used for the vertical installation of the utility networks. After the slab part 20 is stabilized in its final position, the basic construction of the second over ground floors will be carried out; this construction consists of the exemplary shown wooden slab beams 213, 223, 233, 243 being transported to the second over ground level by simple human labour. One end of the wooden beams is placed into the slot of the HEB cross-section steel bar of the slab part 2_0 and the other into the brickwork-made notches of the circumferential bearing walls 11, 12, 13, 14. The layout of the shown bearing beams 213, 223, 233, 243 corresponds to the module composition of the circumferential bearing walls 1_1, 12, 13, 14_. The entire structure of the building consists of the individual building parts with low size and low weight. The building parts and materials manipulation needs no building mechanization and thus the work safety is increased, the requirements for the building site equipment and the human labour and the number of the building workers are minimized.

Claims

Patent claims

1. A house with a lift slab, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the slab part (20) is made of a frame (201) of a system consisting of mutually firmly connected profile girders (21, 22, 23, 24) for seating of the interior walls (31, 32, 33, 34), the free ends of the profile girders (21, 22, 23, 24) being placed, for the elevation purpose, in vertical slots (111, 121, 131, 141)) of the bearing walls (11, 12, 13, 14) of the house (1) .

2. A house with a lift slab according to the claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the interior walls (31, 32, 33, 34) are made of truss (311,

321, 331, 341) .

3. A house with a lift slab according to the claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the profile girders (21, 22, 23, 24) form lower ribs (312,

322, 332, 342) of the truss (311, 321, 331, 341).

4. A house with a lift slab according to the claim 2 or 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the interior walls (31, 32, 33, 34) made of truss (311, 321, 331, 341) form a spatial framed structure.

5. A house with a lift slab according to one of the claims 2 - 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t in the vertical slots (111, 121, 131, 141) of the bearing walls (11, 12, 13, 14) the free ends of the lower ribs (312, 322, 332, 342) and the upper ribs (313, 323, 333, 343) of the truss (311, 321, 331, 341) are placed.

6. A house with a lift slab according to the claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the profile girders (21, 22, 23, 24) or the lower ribs (312, 322, 332, 342) of the truss (311, 321, 331, 341) are equipped with side slots (212, 222, 232, 242) for seating of the slab beams (213, 223, 233, 243) .