WO2002050478A1 - Echangeur thermique a double flux destine et en particulier aux chaudieres a condensation - Google Patents

Echangeur thermique a double flux destine et en particulier aux chaudieres a condensation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002050478A1
WO2002050478A1 PCT/IB2001/002300 IB0102300W WO0250478A1 WO 2002050478 A1 WO2002050478 A1 WO 2002050478A1 IB 0102300 W IB0102300 W IB 0102300W WO 0250478 A1 WO0250478 A1 WO 0250478A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
fact
fluid
heat exchanger
tubular
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2001/002300
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ruggero Marchetti
Original Assignee
Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A. filed Critical Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A.
Priority to AU2002223971A priority Critical patent/AU2002223971A1/en
Publication of WO2002050478A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002050478A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water
    • F24H1/52—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water incorporating heat exchangers for domestic water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D7/0083—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to a supplementary heat exchange medium, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent units arranged in common flow of supplementary heat exchange medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat exchanger particularly for condensing boilers and to a specific method for its construction.
  • boilers for room heating only or for the combined heating of both the water of the heating system and of that for hygienic and alimentary purposes (sanitary water)
  • the heating of the sanitary water can be carried out either indirectly in a dedicated heat exchanger and by way of the hot water of the heating circuit or directly inside the heat exchanger with the flues generated by a burner; this type of heat exchanger, which envisages the circulation and heating both of the heating circuit water and of the sanitary water inside the device is known as "bi-thermal”.
  • the sanitary water circulates inside a first pipe which in turn is housed inside a second pipe through which the water of the heating circuit flows
  • boilers for combined heating equipped with a bi-thermal heat exchanger are less expensive than those for the indirect heating of the sanitary water circuit, as these require instead two separate heat exchangers.
  • the more efficient boilers are those of the "condensing" type, equipped with a heat exchanger employing the flues generated by the burner with a very large surface; particularly, the combustion flues have a temperature ranging between 800 and 1.000°C at the moment of their entry and exit at a temperature of approximately 30-50°C; in this way, inside the heat exchanger, the water vapor contained in the flues is condensed and hence both the sensible heat and the latent heat are recovered.
  • the heat exchanger wherein the fluid to be heated flows is composed of a series of finned tubular components made of aluminum alloys, wherein the external fins are obtained: either by the direct rolling of the aluminum alloy tubular component; or by way of separate fins made of aluminum alloy which are applied and braze welded on the tubular component, or by way of separate fins made of aluminum alloy which are applied by expansion on the tubular components.
  • a second type of heat exchangers suitable for contact with acid condensates envisages instead the use of exchange surfaces shaped like tubular components made of stainless steel; these exchangers, however, are very expensive owing to the direct cost of the material and because the poor thermal conductivity of said material requires heat exchanger shapes that are more complicated to obtain and hence more costly.
  • This invention aims at solving the drawbacks typical of the current state of the art. Generally speaking, this invention aims at the construction of a condensing bi-thermal heat exchanger that - is perfectly compatible with sanitary water from an alimentary point of view;
  • - Fig. 1 which illustrates a schematic sectional view of a tubular component belonging to a heat exchanger built according to the principles of this invention
  • - Fig. 2 which illustrates a schematic axial view of a tubular component belonging to a possible embodiment of a heat exchanger as per this invention
  • FIG. 3 and 4 which illustrate respectively the prospective and lateral view of a set of tubular components belonging to a heat exchanger built according to the principles of this invention.
  • the heat exchanger as per this invention is of the condensing bi-thermal type.
  • Tubular component 1 is in fact formed by a first external tubular pipe indicated with 2 and by a second internal tubular pipe indicated with 3 which is inserted inside the first pipe.
  • a first fluid can flow through external pipe 2.
  • said fluid is the water necessary to supply a domestic heating system.
  • a second fluid can flow: in the case of this invention it is the sanitary water.
  • external tubular pipe 2 has a composite structure, since it is formed by at least two parts made of different materials and particularly:
  • the external part 2 A of pipe 2 is made of an aluminum alloy and particularly an aluminum-silicium alloy, while internal part 2B of pipe
  • the construction of the tubular components 1 as per the invention hence makes it possible to overcome the aforesaid problem.
  • the shape of the section of internal pipe 3 can be basically that considered to be the most suitable to:
  • the internal tubular pipe 3 has a cross or star-shaped section for the very same reasons mentioned above so that internal pipe 3 has a wider external surface exposed to the fluid in internal pipe 2 and internal pipe 3 can come into contact and, if joined in the four directrices of the external pipe
  • the internal tubular pipe 3 can be made, of course, with any known technique.
  • external tubular pipe 2 can be obtained in various ways.
  • a first option is that of obtaining pipe 2 through the co-extrusion of its two parts 2A and 2B, made of aluminum alloy and copper alloy respectively (please note that hereinafter the term "aluminum” is used to indicate for brevity's sake any alloy suitable for the purpose made of aluminum and likewise "copper” stands for any copper alloy suitable for the purpose).
  • the external pipe 2 can be obtained by applying a thin layer of aluminum to be used to form part 2A on the external surface of a tubular component made of copper to be used to form part 2B, or by applying a thin layer of copper to be used to form part 2B on the internal surface of an aluminum tubular component to be used to form 2A.
  • Another option for the making of the external tubular pipe 2 is that of plating copper tubular component with an aluminum tubular component.
  • This process is already known and basically consists in the following: i) an aluminum tubular component for the making of part 2A is taken; its sectional dimensions, when cold, do not make it possible to insert in it a copper tubular component for the making of part 2B; ii) the external tubular element is heated to make it dilate enough to allow for the insertion of the internal tubular component; iii) the internal tubular component is inserted in the hot and dilated external tubular element; iv) the external tubular component, once it has cooled, locks onto the internal tubular component.
  • Another option is that of expanding a copper tubular component inside an aluminum tubular component.
  • an internal copper tubular component for the making of part 2B is taken; it is to be inserted in an aluminum tubular component to be used to make part 2A; ii) the copper tubular component is inserted in the aluminum tubular component; iii) a relevant plunger is pushed inside the copper tubular component to dilate it from the inside so that the copper tubular component is pressed against the internal surface of the aluminum tubular component to obtain the perfect coupling of the parts.
  • a series of fins are applied to the external surface of external tubular pipes 2 in order to improve the heat exchange with the flues produced by the burner of the heat exchanger.
  • these fins can be obtained by means of the aforementioned techniques, i.e. the rolling of the aluminum tubular component forming part 2A of pipe 2 which consists in the plastic deformation of this tubular component; another possibility is that of applying aluminum fins by way of braze welding or by way of expanding on part 2 A of pipe 2.
  • a series of appropriate aluminum components can be used for the making of said part 2A of the external pipes 2 and of said fins.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of said embodiment of a pipe 2 of the heat exchanger as per the invention, wherein reference number 5 indicates some of said components.
  • Each component 5 is made from a base 6 composed of a pre-perforated and pre-shaped aluminum plate so that a collar 7 provided with a hole protrudes from a surface; for the sake of the simplicity of the description, it is assumed that said collars 7 protrude from the upper surface of the respective plate 6.
  • collars 7 and of the relevant holes are such that they can be fit on the copper tubular components 2B'for the making of the part 2B of external pipes 2 as per Fig 1 with a slight interference to ensure the proper contact between the parts (and in particular to ensure the proper contact between the internal surface of the collars 7 and the external surface of the copper tubular components 2B').
  • an adequate number of components 5 are fit in succession on a copper tubular component 2B' so that said tubular component 2B' is coated by the collars 7 overlapping the various components 5; of course, collars 7 of each component 5 are joined, for instance, by welding or another known technique to the lower surface of plate 6 belonging to the component 5 located on top of it in order to ensure that the external surface of the copper tubular component 2B' forming the internal part 2B of the pipes 2 are perfectly closed and sealed by the group of overlapping collars 7.
  • the solution illustrated in Fig. 2 in any case makes it possible to obtain a heat exchanger wherein a series of copper tubular components 2B' forming the internal part 2B of the external pipes 2 are completely protected against the aggressive condensates generated by the flues discharged by the burner associated to the heat exchanger by the collars 7 of the overlapping components 5, while the whole of said collars constitute in fact the external part 2 A of the pipes 2 of Fig. 1. Furthermore, by means of the proposed solution, the plates 6 of each component 5 form the fins of the tubular components 1 with the purpose of improving the heat exchange with the flues discharged by the heat exchanger's burner.
  • each copper tubular component to be used to make part 2B houses a star or cross-shaped copper tubular to be used to make pipe 3; the two said copper tubular components are hence joined together by way of braze welding.
  • the copper tubular components comprising the parts 2B, equipped on the inside with the relevant pipe 3, are inserted in the aluminum tubular components forming the parts
  • the external pipes 2 with the parts 2A and 2B are already formed by means of one of the techniques illustrated above (plating, coating, expanding, etcetera).
  • the fins are already mounted on these external pipes 2 by way of braze welding or expanding.
  • the copper tubular components forming the internal pipes 3 are then inserted in pipes 2; then follows the expanding of the internal pipes 3 on the internal surfaces of pipes 2; this operation too can be carried out by means of an appropriate male piece which, inserted inside the tubular component forming the pipe 3, avoids that the expanding pins of the plunger crush the tubular component.
  • Another solution is that of obtaining by way of rolling the fins on the external pipe 2 previously formed with one of the techniques already illustrated above (plating, coating, expanding, etcetera).
  • the fins of the tubular components 1 are not made of separate components inserted inside the composite pipe 2, but are obtained directly via the plastic deformation of its aluminum part 2A.
  • the form of the heat exchanger forming the subject matter of this invention can be either of the single tubular component set type or the separate tubular component bundle type.
  • the various tubular components 1 are obtained with the procedures described above, but without any fins; the forming of the set of the heat exchanger's tubular components can hence be obtained by means of the relevant aluminum plates with holes for the various tubular components 1.
  • a first solution is that of fitting in succession a certain number of plates 10 duly spaced between each other on a series of eleven external pipes 2 without fins or on a series of eleven tubular components 1 completely formed and without fins.
  • the plates 10 are attached to the pipes 2 by means of braze welding and then the internal pipes 3 are inserted in the respective external pipes 2 whereto they are fastened by means of expanding.
  • the plates 10 are simply fastened into place on the tubular components 1, for instance, means of the expanding of the latter.
  • the fins can be made directly through the rolling of the aluminum parts 2A of the various tubular components or separately for each tubular component 1, for instance with the technique described above with regard to Fig. 2.
  • the operating of the boiler incorporating the heat exchanger according to the invention is quite simple.
  • the flues produced by the boiler's burner yield heat to the external pipes 2 and hence to the heating system's water; the water, in turn, yields heat to the sanitary water in the respective internal pipes 3.
  • the external part 2A of the tubular components 1 is made of aluminum avoids any risk of corrosion owing to the acid substances that may be present in the condensates produced inside the boiler; then, the fact that the internal surface of the pipe 3 is made of copper solves also any other problem regarding the compatibility of the heat exchanger with regard to the sanitary water for alimentary purposes; finally, the fact that no other metal alloys of a different nature are immersed in the water excludes corrosion of a galvanic nature.
  • the use of materials having characteristics of great thermal conductibility ensures a highly effective operating of the heat exchanger despite the minor industrial costs for its construction.
  • an internal pipe 3 made on the inside of copper alloy yet nothing hinders that the same component can be made with another material compatible with sanitary water for alimentary purposes, provided however that also part 2 A of the external pipe 2 is made of the same material.
  • Another possibility is that envisaging an internal pipe 3 with a composite structure, i.e. formed by at least two parts made of different materials and similar to as much illustrated above with regard to the pipes 2; the internal of part of an internal pipe 3 of this kind can hence be made of a material compatible with sanitary water, while the external part can be made of the same material forming the material composing the internal surface of the external pipe 2.
  • the external pipe 2 can be made completely of a same material, i.e. without the need for a composite structure, having characteristics of high thermal conductivity and high resistance to corrosion; from this point of view, for instance, the internal pipe can comprise an internal part made of copper alloy and an external part made of aluminum alloy and the external pipe can be made completely of an aluminum alloy.
  • a series of collar components having the same functions as those indicated with 6 in Fig. 2 can be applied directly on a series of plates of the type of those indicated with 10 in Fig. 3 and 4.
  • a collar-like component can be envisaged; a number of these plates, obtained as described above, can be fit in succession on a series of internal parts 2A and the collar-like components of each plate can be fastened to a surface of a plate on top of it; in this way, said plates can form both the external part 2A of the pipe 2 of each tubular component 1 and the fins and a means binding a number of tubular components 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un échangeur thermique à double flux du type à condensation comportant des éléments tubulaires comprenant au moins un premier tube (2) où circule un premier fluide, et un deuxième tube (3) où circule un deuxième fluide, l'un des deux tubes étant placé dans l'autre. La surface extérieure du premier tube (2) peut être réchauffée par les fumées produites par le brûleur si bien que le premier tube (2) cède de la chaleur au premier fluide, qui cède de la chaleur au deuxième tube (3), qui finalement cède de la chaleur au deuxième fluide. Selon l'invention: un tube (2) au moins est en deux parties(2A, 2B) faites chacune d'un matériau différent; les surfaces desdits tubes (2, 3) au moins, en contact avec le premier fluide, sont faites du même matériau; la surface extérieure dudit premier tube (2) au moins est faite d'un matériau très conducteur et très résistant à la corrosion due au condensats acides desdites fumées; la surface intérieure au moins dudit deuxième tube (3) est faite d'un matériau compatible du point de vue alimentaire avec le deuxième fluide.
PCT/IB2001/002300 2000-12-20 2001-12-03 Echangeur thermique a double flux destine et en particulier aux chaudieres a condensation WO2002050478A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002223971A AU2002223971A1 (en) 2000-12-20 2001-12-03 Bi-thermal heat exchanger in particular for condensing boilers

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2000TO001184A IT1321119B1 (it) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Scambiatore di calore bitermico, in particolare per caldaie acondensazione.
ITTO2000A001184 2000-12-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002050478A1 true WO2002050478A1 (fr) 2002-06-27

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ID=11458304

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2001/002300 WO2002050478A1 (fr) 2000-12-20 2001-12-03 Echangeur thermique a double flux destine et en particulier aux chaudieres a condensation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002223971A1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1321119B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002050478A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2409261A (en) * 2003-12-16 2005-06-22 Giannoni S P A Bi-thermal heat exchanger with integral inlet- and outlet fitting
EP2151651A1 (fr) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-10 Giannoni S.p.a. Echangeur thermique a double flux et son procédé de fabrication
CN112815744A (zh) * 2021-01-13 2021-05-18 瀚润联合高科技发展（北京）有限公司 三维冷却蒸发冷凝换热器

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1596616A (en) * 1977-09-23 1981-08-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Heat exchanger for a gas- or oil-fired continuous-flow water heater
EP0231962A1 (fr) * 1986-01-20 1987-08-12 Burnham Europe B.V. Réchauffeur avec préparateur d'eau chaude sanitaire et échangeur de chaleur pour un tel réchauffeur
EP0775876A1 (fr) * 1995-11-21 1997-05-28 E.L.M. Leblanc Corps de chauffe mixte à serpentin à section droite complexe

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1596616A (en) * 1977-09-23 1981-08-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Heat exchanger for a gas- or oil-fired continuous-flow water heater
EP0231962A1 (fr) * 1986-01-20 1987-08-12 Burnham Europe B.V. Réchauffeur avec préparateur d'eau chaude sanitaire et échangeur de chaleur pour un tel réchauffeur
EP0775876A1 (fr) * 1995-11-21 1997-05-28 E.L.M. Leblanc Corps de chauffe mixte à serpentin à section droite complexe

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2409261A (en) * 2003-12-16 2005-06-22 Giannoni S P A Bi-thermal heat exchanger with integral inlet- and outlet fitting
EP2151651A1 (fr) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-10 Giannoni S.p.a. Echangeur thermique a double flux et son procédé de fabrication
CN112815744A (zh) * 2021-01-13 2021-05-18 瀚润联合高科技发展（北京）有限公司 三维冷却蒸发冷凝换热器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO20001184A0 (it) 2000-12-20
AU2002223971A1 (en) 2002-07-01
ITTO20001184A1 (it) 2002-06-20
IT1321119B1 (it) 2003-12-30

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