WO2002044487A1 - Structural module for constructing living spaces in a theoretically infinite series of horizontal and vertical planes by juxtaposing said module relative to similar modules - Google Patents

Structural module for constructing living spaces in a theoretically infinite series of horizontal and vertical planes by juxtaposing said module relative to similar modules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002044487A1
WO2002044487A1 PCT/ES2001/000463 ES0100463W WO0244487A1 WO 2002044487 A1 WO2002044487 A1 WO 2002044487A1 ES 0100463 W ES0100463 W ES 0100463W WO 0244487 A1 WO0244487 A1 WO 0244487A1
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Prior art keywords
module
structural
semi
spaces
bars
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PCT/ES2001/000463
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Osvaldo Néstor RODRÍGUEZ
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BARJA LÓPEZ, Gervasio
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Priority to AU2002221958A priority Critical patent/AU2002221958A1/en
Publication of WO2002044487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002044487A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structural module to be used in the construction of buildings, particularly to form by juxtaposition, horizontal and vertical, and in combination with similar modules, room spaces in buildings, in novel form and with notable advantages in relation to to conventional methodologies, the same being applicable for the construction of buildings destined for housing or other types of accommodation buildings such as hotels, offices, etc.
  • the invention has as its main object a structural module basically configured by a pyramidal resistant metallic structure of profiled elements that form a regular semi-octahedral quadrangular-shaped figure three-dimensionally, by orthogonally arranged vertical planes that extend, respectively, coincidentally and between opposite vertices of the diagonals of the base of said semi-octahedral figure, and by a horizontal plane that corresponds to the base of said semi-octahedral figure.
  • Another object of the invention is a modular structure that incorporates a pyramidal resistant metal structure based on the triangular arrangement of its profiled elements and the intrinsic indeformability that emerges from it to provide high resistance to axial tensile and compression stresses, and thus be able to conform with orthogonal planes that confine the sides of the triangles as a resistant structure, semi-habitable spaces in the construction structure of buildings that are complemented with semi-spaces of juxtaposed structural modules, to form the room spaces.
  • Another object of the invention is a structural module for the construction of buildings that solves the apparent impossibility of making a pyramidal metal structure of great structural rigidity compatible, and whose interior space does not coincide with the usual room space, with the conventional cubic shape of a habitable interior space.
  • Another object of the invention is a structural module whose pyramidal resistant metal structure allows to configure with the pyramidal resistant metallic structures of juxtaposed modules, during the construction of buildings, a three-dimensional network of semi-octahedral structures of coplanar bases, which have elements profiles that start from the top vertex of each semi-octahedral structure, divergently, to form triangles with profiled elements that delimit the quadrangular base of each semi-octahedral structure, extending over aligned diagonals of the bases of the grid formed by the bases of the orthogonal flat semi-octahedral structures, corresponding to the walls of the room, and to which the sides of the triangles are formed, formed by the bars of each semi-octahedron that appear, from the vertices of the latter.
  • Another object of the invention is a structural module, whose arrangement of bars in pyramidal form allows to absorb loads in any direction, quality is very appreciable for constructions in seismic areas or hurricane winds.
  • Another object of the invention is a structural module whose arrangement of bars or profiled elements distributed in semi-octahedral pyramidal form, form integral triangular reinforcements in the walls defined by the vertical orthogonal planes with the profiled elements and perimetrically arranged in the base of each semi-octahedral structure, allowing this integration of profiled elements in the orthogonal walls to configure doors and windows of communication of the habitable spaces formed between the latter and the exterior, constituting in turn the bars or profiled elements of the base of the semi-octahedral structure a chained for absorb bending forces, working as mezzanine beams or roof.
  • the bars of this modular structure six in total, form triangles with two bars crossed at 90 °, the latter corresponding to upper faces of a cube, and the remaining bars, in pairs, with two lateral faces of said cube, allowing this to form highly resistant housing cells or spaces.
  • the invention pursues this purpose and is based on the known structural typology that results from the arrangement of bars in space that make up a three-dimensional network of pyramidal or semi-octahedron figures (see Figure 1), with bars that link the upper vertices of the semi-octahedra, which determine a small wheel similar to that determined by the bases of the semi-octahedra (see Figure 2).
  • This arrangement of bars allows to obtain a structural skeleton that has been used successfully for decades for the construction of roofs of large lights or mezzanines, taking advantage of the great resistance to bending of the structural assembly, resistance due to the fact that the constitutive bars of said assemblies are predominantly subjected to axial tensile and compression stresses.
  • Nature provides examples of this optimal use of the material that is obtained by arranging it in such a way that the structural pieces are predominantly requested for axial stresses.
  • bone matter consists of a spatial structure of fibers that work under tension and compression between joining nodes, achieving maximum rigidity with minimum weight, as in the semi-octahedral spatial structure described.
  • the purpose of the invention is to solve the problem posed by this structural geometry, that is to say the apparent impossibility of making this pyramidal structural configuration compatible, whose interior does not coincide with the usual standards of a room, but which is of great rigidity, with that of a cube which conformably defines a habitable interior space but which is, in turn, very deformable.
  • a modular structure with a bar arrangement is proposed, as a resistant structure, which extends in coincidence with edges of a regular semi-octahedron with a square base, whose diagonals are coincident with pairs of edges of the semi-octahedron to form in respective orthogonal vertical planes respective triangular structural configurations, said flat walls of semicubes defining.
  • the juxtaposition of this type of modular structure allows virtual cubes to be generated in series, as the semicubes formed in each modular structure complement each other in their formation.
  • Figure 1 depicts in perspective a conventional bar arrangement forming a semi-octahedron network used for the construction covered with large lights or mezzanines.
  • Figure 2 depicts the network of semi-octahedra with bars that link the upper vertices of the semi-octahedra to determine a small bed similar to that determined by the bases thereof.
  • Figures 3 to 5 schematically represent in a regular semi-octahedron the different steps to achieve the structural module of the invention.
  • Figure 6 represents in perspective a room structure, where it is possible to appreciate the horizontal growth of virtual cubes by juxtaposition of structural modules, such as those proposed by the invention.
  • Figure 7 represents a view similar to that represented in the
  • Figure 8 represents a view similar to Figure 7, showing the growth of the assembly vertically.
  • Figure 9 represents a structural module with openings for communication with other modules or outside.
  • Figure 10 represents a variant embodiment in the construction of buildings with modules of the invention
  • Figure 11 represents a view similar to Figure 10, where the second order semi-octahedron is formed by a multiplicity of modules.
  • the structural module proposed by the invention is based on the triangle and its intrinsic indeformability to delimit habitual spaces, and this can be achieved starting from a structure of regular semi-octahedral pyramidal bars, such as the represented in Figure 3, in which the vertex (A) is common to the edges or bars (A1) - (A2) - (A3) and (A4); and the ends or endpoints 1 - 2 - 3 and 4 of the latter determine a square or base contained in a horizontal plane.
  • the vertex (A) of the pyramidal structure contained on an axis of vertical symmetry, is projected on the referred base of the structure in (A 1 ), and, its union with points 1 - 2 - 3 and 4 of the base , allows to divide the diagonals of the same into segments (A'1) - (A'2) - (A'3) and (A'4), as can be seen in Figure 4.
  • each segment (A'1) - (A2 1 ) - (A3 ') and (A'4) is projected vertically at a height equal to the segment delimited by vertex A and its projection point A', they are obtained within the respective projection planes segments (A1 ') - (A2 1 ) - (A3') and (A4 ') (see Fig. 5).
  • a set of cubes can be configured with semi-octahedral pyramidal structures incorporated coexisting in space in a theoretically infinite series according to coordinate axes (x, y, z), the initially marked contradiction of the uninhabitability of the rigid pyramid and deformability of the habitable cube.
  • the spatial structure of bars of the semi-octahedral module allows the whole to absorb loads from any direction, a very appreciable quality for constructions in seismic areas or hurricane winds.
  • the bars of the pyramidal structure being contained in the orthogonal walls of the module, allow in turn to configure doors and windows complying with a basic condition of living spaces (Figure 9), the functional coupling between room formation modules and between These and the outside.
  • the horizontal bars of the pyramidal structure in turn, must enjoy the quality of absorbing bending efforts working as beams, mezzanine or roof.
  • the invention allows the construction of buildings in a practically infinite variety of construction typologies Figure 10. Also the juxtaposed addition of modules can be taken as the basis of a fractal set, where the second order semi-octahedron (Figure 11) is formed by a Multiplicity of modules, which as stated above, contain first-order semi-octahedra.
  • the present invention allows to solve constructions at different scale and magnitude, which is why it is not limited to any dimension.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Supports Or Holders For Household Use (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural module for constructing living spaces in buildings. Said module offers the possibility of combining a resistant pyramidal structure with the cubic configuration of a living space. The resistant pyramidal structural assembly having bars arranged in the shape of a semi-octahedron makes it possible to define a base for the module, in-between the orthogonal walls and relative to the base to define semicubical spaces. Once complemented with semicubical spaces of juxtaposed modules, they form an infinite series of living spaces in horizontal and vertical direction.

Description

UN MODULO ESTRUCTURAL PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE A STRUCTURAL MODULE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF
ESPACIOS DE HABITACIÓN EN UNA SERIE TEÓRICAMENTE INFINITAROOM SPACES IN A THEORETICALLY INFINITE SERIES
EN PLANOS HORIZONTALES Y VERTICALES, POR YUXTAPOSICIÓNIN HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL PLANS, BY YUXTAPOSITION
DEL MISMO CON RELACIÓN A MÓDULOS SIMILARESOF THE SAME IN RELATION TO SIMILAR MODULES
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓNFIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un módulo estructural para ser utilizado en la construcción de edificios, particularmente para formar por yuxtaposición, horizontal y vertical, y en combinación con módulos similares, espacios de habitación en edificios, en forma novedosa y con notables ventajas con relación a metodologías convencionales, siendo el mismo aplicable para la construcción de edificios destinados a viviendas u otros tipos de edificios de alojamiento tales como hoteles, oficinas, etc.. La invención tiene por objeto principal un módulo estructural configurado básicamente por una estructura metálica resistente piramidal de elementos perfilados que forman tridimensionalmente una figura semi- octaédrica regular de base cuadrangular, por planos verticales ortogonal- mente dispuestos entre sí que se extienden, respectivamente, coincidentemente y entre vértices opuestos de las diagonales de la base de dicha figura semi-octaédrica, y por un plano horizontal que se corresponde con la base de dicha figura semi-octaédrica.The present invention relates to a structural module to be used in the construction of buildings, particularly to form by juxtaposition, horizontal and vertical, and in combination with similar modules, room spaces in buildings, in novel form and with notable advantages in relation to to conventional methodologies, the same being applicable for the construction of buildings destined for housing or other types of accommodation buildings such as hotels, offices, etc. The invention has as its main object a structural module basically configured by a pyramidal resistant metallic structure of profiled elements that form a regular semi-octahedral quadrangular-shaped figure three-dimensionally, by orthogonally arranged vertical planes that extend, respectively, coincidentally and between opposite vertices of the diagonals of the base of said semi-octahedral figure, and by a horizontal plane that corresponds to the base of said semi-octahedral figure.
Otro de los objetos de la invención es una estructura modular que incorpora una estructura metálica resistente piramidal basada en la disposición triangular de sus elementos perfilados y en la indeformabilidad intrínseca que emerge de la misma para brindar alta resistencia a los esfuerzos axiales de tracción y compresión, y poder así conformar con planos ortogonales que confinan los lados de los triángulos a modo de estructura resistente, semi-espacios habitables en la estructura de construcción de edificios que se complementan con semi-espacios de módulos estructurales yuxtapuestos, para formar los espacios de habitación. Otro de los objetos de la Invención es un módulo estructural para la construcción de edificios que resuelve la aparente imposibilidad de compatibilizar una estructura metálica piramidal de gran rigidez estructural, y cuyo espacio interior no coincide con el habitual espacio de habitación, con la forma cúbica convencional de un espacio interior habitable.Another object of the invention is a modular structure that incorporates a pyramidal resistant metal structure based on the triangular arrangement of its profiled elements and the intrinsic indeformability that emerges from it to provide high resistance to axial tensile and compression stresses, and thus be able to conform with orthogonal planes that confine the sides of the triangles as a resistant structure, semi-habitable spaces in the construction structure of buildings that are complemented with semi-spaces of juxtaposed structural modules, to form the room spaces. Another object of the invention is a structural module for the construction of buildings that solves the apparent impossibility of making a pyramidal metal structure of great structural rigidity compatible, and whose interior space does not coincide with the usual room space, with the conventional cubic shape of a habitable interior space.
Otro de los objetos de la invención es un módulo estructural cuya estructura metálica resistente piramidal permite configurar con las estructuras metálicas resistentes piramidales de módulos yuxtapuestos, durante la construcción de edificios, una red tridimensional de estructuras semi-octaédricas de bases coplanares, las cuales presentan elementos perfilados que arrancan del vértice superior de cada estructura semi- octaédrica, en forma divergente, para formar triángulos con elementos perfilados que delimitan la base cuadrangular de cada estructura semi- octaédrica, extendiéndose sobre diagonales alineadas de las bases de la cuadrícula formada por las bases de las estructuras semi-octaédricas planos ortogonales, correspondientes a paredes de la habitación, y a las cuales quedan integrados los lados de los triángulos, formados por las barras de cada semi-octaedro que aparecen, a partir de los vértices de estos últimos. Otro de los objetos de la invención es un módulo estructural, cuya disposición de barras en forma piramidal permite absorber cargas en cualquier dirección, cualidad esta muy apreciable para construcciones en zonas sísmicas o de vientos huracanados.Another object of the invention is a structural module whose pyramidal resistant metal structure allows to configure with the pyramidal resistant metallic structures of juxtaposed modules, during the construction of buildings, a three-dimensional network of semi-octahedral structures of coplanar bases, which have elements profiles that start from the top vertex of each semi-octahedral structure, divergently, to form triangles with profiled elements that delimit the quadrangular base of each semi-octahedral structure, extending over aligned diagonals of the bases of the grid formed by the bases of the orthogonal flat semi-octahedral structures, corresponding to the walls of the room, and to which the sides of the triangles are formed, formed by the bars of each semi-octahedron that appear, from the vertices of the latter. Another object of the invention is a structural module, whose arrangement of bars in pyramidal form allows to absorb loads in any direction, quality is very appreciable for constructions in seismic areas or hurricane winds.
Por último, otro de los objetos de la invención es un módulo estructural cuya disposición de barras o elementos perfilados distribuidas en forma piramidal semi-octaédrica, forman armaduras triangulares integrales en las paredes definidas por los planos ortogonales verticales con los elementos perfilados y perimetralmente dispuestos en la base de cada estructura semi-octaédrica, permitiendo esta integración de elementos perfilados en las paredes ortogonales configurar puertas y ventanas de comunicación de los espacios habitables formados entre éstos últimos y el exterior, constituyendo a su vez las barras o elementos perfilados de la base de la estructura semi-octaédrica un encadenado para absorber los esfuerzos de flexión, al trabajar como vigas de entrepiso o cubierta.Finally, another object of the invention is a structural module whose arrangement of bars or profiled elements distributed in semi-octahedral pyramidal form, form integral triangular reinforcements in the walls defined by the vertical orthogonal planes with the profiled elements and perimetrically arranged in the base of each semi-octahedral structure, allowing this integration of profiled elements in the orthogonal walls to configure doors and windows of communication of the habitable spaces formed between the latter and the exterior, constituting in turn the bars or profiled elements of the base of the semi-octahedral structure a chained for absorb bending forces, working as mezzanine beams or roof.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Es conocida, en la práctica, una estructura modular para la construc-ción de casas o edificios, como la divulgada por la Patente US No. 5.105.589 cuya titularidad pertenece a la solicitante. Esta estructura comprende barras que forman un armazón tetraédrico que puede ser dispuesto en combinación con estructuras similares en forma horizontal y vertical yuxtapuesta, para formar múltiples espacios habitacionales.It is known, in practice, a modular structure for the construction of houses or buildings, as disclosed by US Patent No. 5,105,589 whose ownership belongs to the applicant. This structure comprises bars that form a tetrahedral frame that can be arranged in combination with similar structures horizontally and vertically juxtaposed, to form multiple living spaces.
Las barras de esta estructura modular, seis en total, forman triángulos con dos barras cruzadas a 90°, correspondiéndose éstas últimas con caras superiores de un cubo, y las restantes barras, a pares, con dos caras laterales de dicho cubo, permitiendo ello formar celdas o espacios habitacionales altamente resistentes.The bars of this modular structure, six in total, form triangles with two bars crossed at 90 °, the latter corresponding to upper faces of a cube, and the remaining bars, in pairs, with two lateral faces of said cube, allowing this to form highly resistant housing cells or spaces.
La combinación de módulos de este tipo trae como consecuencia formas arquitectónicas efectivas, razón por la cual se intenta permanentemente obtener otros tipos de módulos estructurales que cumplan las condiciones de ensamblado resistente para facilitar la construcción de edificios, que se extiendan en forma horizontal y vertical con gran cantidad de espacios de habitación.The combination of modules of this type results in effective architectural forms, which is why we constantly try to obtain other types of structural modules that meet the conditions of resistant assembly to facilitate the construction of buildings, which extend horizontally and vertically with Lots of room spaces.
La invención persigue esta finalidad y está basada en la conocida tipología estructural que resulta de la disposición de barras en el espacio que configuran una red tridimensional de figuras piramidales o semi- octaedros (ver Figura 1 ), con barras que vinculan los vértices superiores de los semi-octaedros, que determinan un catrecillo similar al determinado por las bases de los semi-octaedros (ver Figura 2).The invention pursues this purpose and is based on the known structural typology that results from the arrangement of bars in space that make up a three-dimensional network of pyramidal or semi-octahedron figures (see Figure 1), with bars that link the upper vertices of the semi-octahedra, which determine a small wheel similar to that determined by the bases of the semi-octahedra (see Figure 2).
Esta disposición de barras permite obtener un esqueleto estructural que ha sido utilizado con éxito durante décadas para la construcción de cubiertas de grandes luces o entrepisos, aprovechando la gran resistencia a la flexión del conjunto estructural, resistencia debida a que las barras constitutivas de dichos conjuntos están sometidas predominantemente a esfuerzos axiales de tracción y compresión. La naturaleza proporciona ejemplos de este óptimo aprovechamiento de la materia que se obtiene al disponer la misma de tal modo que las piezas estructurales son solicitadas predominantemente a esfuerzos axiales. En efecto, se ha demostrado que la materia ósea consiste en una estructura espacial de fibras que trabajan a tracción y compresión entre nodos de unión, logrando máxima rigidez con mínimo peso, tal como sucede en la estructura espacial semi-octaédrica descrita.This arrangement of bars allows to obtain a structural skeleton that has been used successfully for decades for the construction of roofs of large lights or mezzanines, taking advantage of the great resistance to bending of the structural assembly, resistance due to the fact that the constitutive bars of said assemblies are predominantly subjected to axial tensile and compression stresses. Nature provides examples of this optimal use of the material that is obtained by arranging it in such a way that the structural pieces are predominantly requested for axial stresses. Indeed, it has been shown that bone matter consists of a spatial structure of fibers that work under tension and compression between joining nodes, achieving maximum rigidity with minimum weight, as in the semi-octahedral spatial structure described.
Hasta el presente no ha sido posible esta configuración estructural piramidal, basada en el triángulo y su indeformabilidad intrínseca, para obtener espacios habitables según estándares de uso corriente, es decir, delimitados por planos ortogonales entre sí; forma ésta definitivamente asociada a la función de habitar, ya que es reconocida la preferencia de la gran mayoría de los seres humanos a las habitaciones cuyas aristas forman ángulos rectos, y su rechazo en general a las habitaciones delimitadas con planos no ortogonales entre sí.Until now, this pyramidal structural configuration, based on the triangle and its intrinsic indeformability, has not been possible to obtain habitable spaces according to standards of current use, that is, delimited by orthogonal planes to each other; This form is definitely associated with the function of inhabiting, since the preference of the great majority of human beings is recognized for rooms whose edges form right angles, and their rejection in general of rooms delimited with non-orthogonal planes.
SUMARIO DE LA INVENCIÓNSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
La invención tiene por finalidad resolver el problema que plantea esta geometría estructural, es decir la aparente imposibilidad de compatibilizar esta configuración estructural piramidal, cuyo interior no coincide con los estándares habituales de una habitación, pero que es de gran rigidez, con la de un cubo que define conformativamente un espacio interior habitable pero que es, a su vez, muy deformable. Para ello se propone una estructura modular con una disposición de barras, a modo de estructura resistente, que se extienden en coincidencia con aristas de un semi-octaedro regular de base cuadrada, cuyas diagonales son coincidentes con pares de aristas del semi- octaedro para formar en planos verticales ortogonales respectivas configuraciones estructurales triangulares, definiendo dichos planos paredes de semicubos. La yuxtaposición de este tipo de estructura modular permite generar cubos virtuales en serie, por complementarse en la formación de los mismos los semicubos formados en cada estructura modular.The purpose of the invention is to solve the problem posed by this structural geometry, that is to say the apparent impossibility of making this pyramidal structural configuration compatible, whose interior does not coincide with the usual standards of a room, but which is of great rigidity, with that of a cube which conformably defines a habitable interior space but which is, in turn, very deformable. For this, a modular structure with a bar arrangement is proposed, as a resistant structure, which extends in coincidence with edges of a regular semi-octahedron with a square base, whose diagonals are coincident with pairs of edges of the semi-octahedron to form in respective orthogonal vertical planes respective triangular structural configurations, said flat walls of semicubes defining. The juxtaposition of this type of modular structure allows virtual cubes to be generated in series, as the semicubes formed in each modular structure complement each other in their formation.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS DE LOS DIBUJOSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURES
La Figura 1 , representa en perspectiva una disposición de barras convencional formando una red de semi-octaedros utilizada para la construcción cubiertas de grandes luces o entrepisos. La Figura 2, representa la red de semi-octaedros con barras que vinculan los vértices superiores de los semi-octaedros para determinar un catrecillo similar al determinado por las bases de los mismos.Figure 1 depicts in perspective a conventional bar arrangement forming a semi-octahedron network used for the construction covered with large lights or mezzanines. Figure 2 depicts the network of semi-octahedra with bars that link the upper vertices of the semi-octahedra to determine a small bed similar to that determined by the bases thereof.
Las Figuras 3 a 5, representan esquemáticamente en un semi- octaedro regular los distintos pasos para lograr el módulo estructural de la invención.Figures 3 to 5, schematically represent in a regular semi-octahedron the different steps to achieve the structural module of the invention.
La Figura 6, representa en perspectiva una estructura de habitación, donde es posible apreciar el crecimiento horizontal de cubos virtuales por yuxtaposición de módulos estructurales, como los propuestos por la invención. La Figura 7, representa una vista similar a la representada en laFigure 6 represents in perspective a room structure, where it is possible to appreciate the horizontal growth of virtual cubes by juxtaposition of structural modules, such as those proposed by the invention. Figure 7 represents a view similar to that represented in the
Figura 6, en la cual cuatro vértices de respectivas estructuras semi- octaédricas de respectivos módulos están vinculados para formar la base de un módulo de una nueva estructura modular superpuesta.Figure 6, in which four vertices of respective semi-octahedral structures of respective modules are linked to form the base of a module of a new superimposed modular structure.
La Figura 8, representa una vista similar a la Figura 7, mostrando el crecimiento del conjunto en sentido vertical.Figure 8 represents a view similar to Figure 7, showing the growth of the assembly vertically.
La Figura 9, representa un módulo estructural con aberturas de comunicación con otros módulos o el exterior.Figure 9 represents a structural module with openings for communication with other modules or outside.
La Figura 10, representa una variante de realización en la construcción de edificios con módulos de la invención, y la Figura 11 , representa una vista similar a la Figura 10, donde el semi-octaedro de segundo orden está formado por una multiplicidad de módulos. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA FORMA DE REALIZACIÓN PREFERIDAFigure 10 represents a variant embodiment in the construction of buildings with modules of the invention, and Figure 11 represents a view similar to Figure 10, where the second order semi-octahedron is formed by a multiplicity of modules. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
De acuerdo con lo representado en los dibujos, el módulo estructural propuesto por la invención está basado en el triángulo y su indeformabilidad intrínseca para delimitar espacios habituales, y ello es posible lograrlo partiendo de una estructura de barras piramidal, semi- octaédrica regular, como la representada en la Figura 3, en la cual el vértice (A) es común a las aristas o barras (A1 ) - (A2) - (A3) y (A4); y los extremos o puntos extremos 1 - 2 - 3 y 4 de estas últimas determinan un cuadrado o base contenido en un plano horizontal.According to what is represented in the drawings, the structural module proposed by the invention is based on the triangle and its intrinsic indeformability to delimit habitual spaces, and this can be achieved starting from a structure of regular semi-octahedral pyramidal bars, such as the represented in Figure 3, in which the vertex (A) is common to the edges or bars (A1) - (A2) - (A3) and (A4); and the ends or endpoints 1 - 2 - 3 and 4 of the latter determine a square or base contained in a horizontal plane.
El vértice (A) de la estructura piramidal, contenido sobre un eje de simetría vertical, queda proyectado sobre la referida base de la estructura en (A1), y, su unión con los puntos 1 - 2 - 3 y 4 de la base, permite dividir las diagonales de la misma en segmentos (A'1) - (A'2) - (A'3) y (A'4), según se puede ver en la Figura 4.The vertex (A) of the pyramidal structure, contained on an axis of vertical symmetry, is projected on the referred base of the structure in (A 1 ), and, its union with points 1 - 2 - 3 and 4 of the base , allows to divide the diagonals of the same into segments (A'1) - (A'2) - (A'3) and (A'4), as can be seen in Figure 4.
Si se proyecta verticalmente cada segmento (A'1) - (A21) - (A3') y (A'4) a una altura igual al segmento delimitado por el vértice A y su punto de proyección A', se obtienen dentro de los planos de proyección respectivos segmentos (A1') - (A21) - (A3') y (A4') (ver Fig. 5). La unión de los puntos 1 - 2 - 3 y 4 con los puntos 1' - 2' - 3' - 4', delimitan en las diagonales de la base de la estructura piramidal, planos cuadrados 1A'A1' - 2A'A2' - 3A'A3' y A'4 A'4, que se proyectan a pares a partir del eje de simetría que se extiende entre el vértice A y su proyección A' sobre la base. Estos planos cuadrados son coincidentes con las diagonales de esta última y coplanarmente a los mismos quedan ubicadas las respectivas aristas o barras de la estructura. Estos planos son ortogonales entre sí y con respecto a la base de la estructura y corresponden a paredes del módulo que delimitan semi-espacios cúbicos en este último (ver Fig. 9). La unión de cada lado de la base del módulo, con correspondientes lados de un módulo adyacente genera cubos virtuales en una serie teóricamente infinita de crecimiento horizontal (ver Fig. 6), pues, los semi- espacios cúbicos de cada módulo se complementan con los semi-espacios de módulos adyacentes.If each segment (A'1) - (A2 1 ) - (A3 ') and (A'4) is projected vertically at a height equal to the segment delimited by vertex A and its projection point A', they are obtained within the respective projection planes segments (A1 ') - (A2 1 ) - (A3') and (A4 ') (see Fig. 5). The union of points 1 - 2 - 3 and 4 with points 1 '- 2' - 3 '- 4', delimit in the diagonals of the base of the pyramidal structure, square planes 1A'A1 '- 2A'A2' - 3A'A3 'and A'4 A'4, which are projected in pairs from the axis of symmetry that extends between vertex A and its projection A' on the base. These square planes are coincident with the diagonals of the latter and coplanarly to them the respective edges or bars of the structure are located. These planes are orthogonal to each other and with respect to the base of the structure and correspond to module walls that delimit semi-cubic spaces in the latter (see Fig. 9). The union of each side of the module base, with corresponding sides of an adjacent module, generates virtual cubes in a theoretically infinite series of horizontal growth (see Fig. 6), therefore, the semi- Cubic spaces of each module are complemented by the semi-spaces of adjacent modules.
La vinculación entre sí de los vértices A-B-C y D de cuatro estructuras piramidales adyacentes (Figura 7), permite obtener la base de un nuevo módulo piramidal, y ello hace posible generar un crecimiento vertical en la construcción según se representa en la Figura 8.The linking between the vertices A-B-C and D of four adjacent pyramidal structures (Figure 7), allows to obtain the base of a new pyramidal module, and this makes it possible to generate a vertical growth in the construction as shown in Figure 8.
De esta manera, se pueden configurar un conjunto de cubos con estructuras piramidales semi-octaédricas incorporadas coexistentes en el espacio en una serie teóricamente infinita según ejes de coordenadas (x, y, z), quedando resuelta la contradicción iniclalmente señalada de la inhabitabilidad de la pirámide rígida y la deformabilidad del cubo habitable.In this way, a set of cubes can be configured with semi-octahedral pyramidal structures incorporated coexisting in space in a theoretically infinite series according to coordinate axes (x, y, z), the initially marked contradiction of the uninhabitability of the rigid pyramid and deformability of the habitable cube.
En efecto, la estructura espacial de barras del módulo semi- octaédrico permite al conjunto absorber cargas de cualquier dirección, cualidad muy apreciable para las construcciones en zonas sísmicas o de vientos huracanados.In effect, the spatial structure of bars of the semi-octahedral module allows the whole to absorb loads from any direction, a very appreciable quality for constructions in seismic areas or hurricane winds.
Las barras de la estructura piramidal, al estar contenidas en las paredes ortogonales del módulo, permiten a su vez configurar puertas y ventanas cumpliendo con una condición básica de los espacios habitables (Figura 9), la acoplabilidad funcional entre módulos de formación de habitación y entre estos y el exterior. Las barras horizontales de la estructura piramidal, a su vez deben gozar de la cualidad de absorber esfuerzos de flexión trabajando como vigas, de entrepiso o cubierta.The bars of the pyramidal structure, being contained in the orthogonal walls of the module, allow in turn to configure doors and windows complying with a basic condition of living spaces (Figure 9), the functional coupling between room formation modules and between These and the outside. The horizontal bars of the pyramidal structure, in turn, must enjoy the quality of absorbing bending efforts working as beams, mezzanine or roof.
La invención permite la construcción de edificios en una variedad prácticamente infinita de tipologías de construcción Figura 10. También la adición yuxtapuesta de módulos puede tomarse como base de un conjunto fractal, donde el semi-octaedro de segundo orden (Figura 11) está formado por una multiplicidad de módulos, que como se ha expresado anteriormente, contienen semi-octaedros de primer orden. La presente invención permite resolver construcciones a distinta escala y magnitud, razón por la cual no está limitada a dimensión alguna. The invention allows the construction of buildings in a practically infinite variety of construction typologies Figure 10. Also the juxtaposed addition of modules can be taken as the basis of a fractal set, where the second order semi-octahedron (Figure 11) is formed by a Multiplicity of modules, which as stated above, contain first-order semi-octahedra. The present invention allows to solve constructions at different scale and magnitude, which is why it is not limited to any dimension.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
1.- Un módulo estructural para la construcción de espacios de habitación en una serie teóricamente infinita en planos horizontales y verticales, por yuxtaposición del mismo con relación a módulos similares, caracterizado porque comprende por lo menos un conjunto estructural resistente piramidal formado por barras dispuestas según una configuración semi-octaédrica regular, que se proyectan de un vértice común y que están vinculadas a vértices de unión de las barras conformadoras de la base de dicho conjunto, que delimitan a su vez una placa base del módulo horizontal, estando pares de barras de dicho conjunto que son comunes con aristas de dicha configuración semi- octaédrica y que están unidas a vértices de la base situados en extremos opuestos de las respectivas diagonales de esta última, coplanarmente dispuestas con relación a dichas diagonales para delimitar la altura de un par de paredes ortogonales entre sí y con respecto a la base del módulo que se extienden sobre esta última en coincidencia con dichas diagonales y que confinan respectivamente a cada par de barras, delimitando a su vez dichas paredes ortogonales con la base del módulo espacios semi- cúbicos, capaces de configurar con espacios semi-cúbicos de módulos yuxtapuestos situados en posición horizontal dichos espacios de habitación.1.- A structural module for the construction of room spaces in a theoretically infinite series in horizontal and vertical planes, by juxtaposition of it in relation to similar modules, characterized in that it comprises at least one pyramidal resistant structural assembly formed by bars arranged according to a regular semi-octahedral configuration, which are projected from a common vertex and which are linked to joining vertices of the shaping bars of the base of said assembly, which in turn delimit a base plate of the horizontal module, being pairs of bars of said set that are common with edges of said semi-octahedral configuration and that are joined to vertices of the base located at opposite ends of the respective diagonals of the latter, coplanarly arranged relative to said diagonals to delimit the height of a pair of walls orthogonal to each other and with respect to the base of the module that extends on the latter in coincidence with said diagonals and that confine each pair of bars respectively, delimiting said orthogonal walls with the base of the module semi-cubic spaces, capable of configuring with semi-cubic spaces of juxtaposed modules located in position horizontal said room spaces.
2.- Un módulo estructural según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque dicho conjunto estructural resistente piramidal forma parte de un esqueleto estructural que comprende una serie de conjuntos de barras piramidales, de configuración octaédrica regular, cuyas bases poseen diagonales que se extienden según ejes de coordenadas para definir con los vértices de dichos conjuntos paredes ortogonales que delimitan una serie de espacios cúbicos de habitación que confinan pares de barras de cada conjunto. 2. A structural module according to claim 1, characterized in that said pyramidal resistant structural assembly is part of a structural skeleton comprising a series of pyramidal bar assemblies, of regular octahedral configuration, whose bases have diagonals that extend along coordinate axes to define with the vertices of said sets orthogonal walls that delimit a series of cubic room spaces that confine pairs of bars of each set.
3.- Un módulo estructural según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque cuatro vértices de conjuntos estructurales de dicho esqueleto estructural conforman la base de un conjunto para un módulo dispuesto en sentido vertical. 3. A structural module according to claim 2, characterized in that four vertices of structural assemblies of said structural skeleton form the basis of an assembly for a module arranged vertically.
PCT/ES2001/000463 2000-11-29 2001-11-28 Structural module for constructing living spaces in a theoretically infinite series of horizontal and vertical planes by juxtaposing said module relative to similar modules WO2002044487A1 (en)

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ARP000106277A AR026905A1 (en) 2000-11-29 2000-11-29 A STRUCTURAL MODULE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROOM SPACES IN A THEORICALLY INFINITE SERIES IN HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL PLANS, BY POSTING THE SAME IN RELATION TO SIMILAR MODULES
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WO2011088586A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-28 Beuchat , Barros & Pfenniger Reticulated stereo module for the construction of buildings, and construction method
CN102859088B (en) * 2010-01-19 2016-12-14 奥斯瓦尔多·内斯托·罗德里古埃兹 Netted three-dimensional buildings block and method thereof for construction of buildings
WO2022119434A1 (en) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-09 BRIE, Sebastián José Octahedral reticulated stereo module for the construction of buildings

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US3953948A (en) * 1974-09-03 1976-05-04 Hogan John P Homohedral construction employing icosahedron
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WO2011088586A1 (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-28 Beuchat , Barros & Pfenniger Reticulated stereo module for the construction of buildings, and construction method
CN102859088A (en) * 2010-01-19 2013-01-02 奥斯瓦尔多·内斯托·罗德里古埃兹 Reticulated stereo module for the construction of buildings, and construction method
US8893451B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2014-11-25 Beuchat, Barros & Pfenniger Building block for construction of buildings and its procedure
CN102859088B (en) * 2010-01-19 2016-12-14 奥斯瓦尔多·内斯托·罗德里古埃兹 Netted three-dimensional buildings block and method thereof for construction of buildings
WO2022119434A1 (en) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-09 BRIE, Sebastián José Octahedral reticulated stereo module for the construction of buildings

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AR026905A1 (en) 2003-03-05

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