WO2002040876A1 - Method for binding compound elements - Google Patents
Method for binding compound elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002040876A1 WO2002040876A1 PCT/EP2001/013082 EP0113082W WO0240876A1 WO 2002040876 A1 WO2002040876 A1 WO 2002040876A1 EP 0113082 W EP0113082 W EP 0113082W WO 0240876 A1 WO0240876 A1 WO 0240876A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- iii
- composite elements
- isocyanates
- space
- composite
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/38—Devices for sealing spaces or joints between roof-covering elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
- B29C65/54—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
- B29C65/542—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts by injection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/114—Single butt joints
- B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
- B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
- B29C66/12241—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment the two joint-segments being butt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/14—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
- B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
- B29C65/54—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
- B29C65/546—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts by gravity, e.g. by pouring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
- B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
- B29C66/72328—Paper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B19/12—Hatches; Hatchways
- B63B19/14—Hatch covers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
- B63B5/24—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of plastics
- B63B2005/242—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of plastics made of a composite of plastics and other structural materials, e.g. wood or metal
- B63B2005/245—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of plastics made of a composite of plastics and other structural materials, e.g. wood or metal made of a composite of plastics and metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/16—Shells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/48—Decks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
- E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods for connecting composite elements which have the following layer structure:
- the length specifications in layers (i), (ii) and (iii) relate to the thickness of the respective layer.
- construction parts For the construction of ships, for example ship hulls and cargo space covers, bridges, roofs or high-rise buildings, construction parts must be used that can withstand considerable loads from external forces. Due to these requirements, such construction parts usually consist of metal plates or metal supports, which are reinforced by a corresponding geometry or suitable struts. Due to increased safety standards, the hulls of tankers usually consist of an inner and an outer hull, whereby each hull is made up of 15 mm thick steel plates, which are connected by approx. 2 m long steel struts. Since these steel plates are exposed to considerable forces, both the outer and the inner steel shell are stiffened by welded-on reinforcement elements. A disadvantage of these classic construction parts is the considerable amount of steel that is required, as well as the time-consuming and labor-intensive production.
- Such PLC elements are known from the documents US 6 050 208, US 5 778 813, DE-A 198 25 083, DE-A 198 25 085, DE-A 198 25 084, DE-A 198 25 087 and DE-A 198 35 727. These composite elements are usually produced in such a way that the starting materials for producing the polyisocyanate polyaddition products are poured or injected between the metal plates in a single step.
- the process of injecting the starting components is a crucial and critical step in the production of the composite elements If the generally known composite elements are used in complex structures such as ship hulls, individual composite elements usually have to be connected to one another without the strength of the overall structure suffering.
- the present invention was therefore based on the object of developing a method for connecting the composite elements shown at the outset, which does not lead to any loss in the mechanical or static load-bearing capacity of the composite element.
- the method for connecting the composite elements should be simple to carry out and should not impair the strength of the overall element.
- the connection of the edges of (i) and (iii) with (i) and (iii) of the respective other composite element is identified in FIGS. 3 and 4 with (iv).
- the first step in the connection according to the invention is the fixing of the composite elements to be connected.
- the two composite elements are preferably fixed in such a way that the end face of the plate (i) of one composite element abuts the end face of the plate (i) of the second composite element and accordingly the end face of the plate (iii) of the one composite element abuts the end face of the plate (iii) of the second composite element.
- the plates (i) and (iii) are preferably designed such that there are no major gaps between the plates (i) and (i) or (iii) and (iii) when the plates are fixed to one another.
- the edges of the plates (i) and (iii) to be joined are particularly preferably straight edges.
- FIG. 1 shows two composite elements and in Figure 4 the fixation of the composite element is outlined.
- FIG. 3 shows two interconnected composite elements in cross-section, in which the space between (i) and (iii) between the connected composite elements is filled with (ii).
- the panels (i) and (iii) each protrude, i.e. there is a free space between (ii) and the end of the edges of the plates (i) and (iii).
- the distance between the edges of (i) or (iii) and (ii) is referred to in this document as (x) and is shown in FIGS. 1 and 4. This distance is essential in the connection of the plates of the composite elements to be connected, since this connection is preferably carried out by welding. During the welding process, the heat supplied can result in the plastic of (ii) burning or igniting. It is therefore essential that there is a distance of (x) between the edges of (i) and (iii) that are to be welded and (ii).
- All known methods can be used as methods for welding the metal plates, for example by means of a laser or by means of a flame fed with acetylene / oxygen.
- the connections from (i) to (i) and (iii) to (iii) are preferably complete in such a way that there are no gaps between the metal plates which lead to a loss of starting materials when the starting components are subsequently filled as a leak.
- At least one composite element have at least one, preferably at least two opening (s) (v) through which one can fill (a) and (b) and, if appropriate, the further starting materials.
- the starting materials can also be introduced through the side openings of the space to be filled, which are not covered by (i) or (iii).
- the side openings are preferably sealed, for example in the manner shown at a later point, and the filling is preferably carried out through an opening (v). It is therefore preferred to seal the space to be filled with (a) and (b), with the exception of the openings (v) before filling with (a) and (b).
- the filling is preferably carried out in such a way that the starting materials (a) and (b) for the production of (ii) are introduced continuously, preferably without interruption, in a single step into the space to be filled between (i) and (iii).
- the filling of the space between (i) and (iii) with (a) and (b) and optionally the further starting materials can be carried out using conventional conveying devices, preferably continuously, for example using high and low pressure machines, preferably high pressure machines.
- the filling with a high-pressure machine is preferably carried out via a mixing head, in which the starting components are mixed, in a single working step, preferably an injection process.
- a single injection process means that the filling of the space between (i) and (iii) with the starting materials for the production of (ii) is not interrupted before the filling is complete.
- the starting materials are thus preferably given in a single shot under pressure in the space between (i) and (iii).
- the starting materials are therefore preferably introduced using a high-pressure apparatus via a mixing head.
- the mixing head is preferably fixed to an opening (v) in (i) or (iii) through which the entry of the starting materials takes place, preferably the connection between the mixing head and the opening takes place in such a way that the starting materials run out between the mixing head and of the metal plates is prevented and the starting materials can be completely introduced into the space between (i) and (iii).
- the mixing head is preferably fixed mechanically to (i) and / or (iii). It has proven to be advantageous not to load (i) and / or (iii) with the weight of the mixing head, since this loading leads to deformation who can lead metal plates.
- the mixing head is therefore particularly preferably fastened to a holder which is independent of (i) and / or (iii) and carries the mixing head.
- the mixing head is thus particularly preferably not carried by (i) and (iii), but magnetically fixed by (i) and (iii).
- Conventional devices can be used as carriers for the mixing head, to which the mixing head can be attached, for example mounts such as scaffolding, cranes or the like positioned next to or above (i) or (iii).
- the amounts of starting materials for the production of (ii) are difficult to measure in such a way that the space to be filled is filled, but overflow is prevented. Therefore, a larger amount of starting components for the production of (ii) is preferably added to the space between (i) and (iii) than it can accommodate.
- the resulting overflow is preferably discharged through at least one opening (v).
- overflow vessels can be attached to the opening (s) which serve as an overflow. These overflow vessels are preferably in a position above the space to be filled between (i) and (iii) with the starting materials for the production of (ii). This has the advantage that an increase in the still liquid, i.e. not yet fully reacted starting materials can be determined in the overflow vessels.
- the opening (v) through which the filling takes place preferably remains closed by the fixed mixing head until the end of the curing process of the mixture (a) and (b).
- one or more openings (v) can preferably be used to allow air to escape during the filling process.
- the opening (s) (v) are preferably bores with a diameter of 0.1 to 5.0 cm, preferably 0.5 to 4 cm, in (i) and / or (iii).
- At least two openings (v) are thus preferably present, the starting components for the production of (ii) being filled through at least one opening (v) and at least one further opening (v) serving as an overflow.
- Methods are therefore preferred in which (i) and / or (iii) at least one composite element has at least one opening (v) through which one fills (a) and (b), and at least one opening (v) through which air can escape and excess (a) and (b) can flow out.
- the delivery rate can be varied depending on the volume to be filled.
- the conveying capacity and conveying device is selected such that the space to be filled can be filled with the components for the production of (ii) within 0.5 to 20 minutes.
- Low-pressure or high-pressure machines preferably high-pressure machines, with piston metering or preferably axial piston metering, and preferably a storage tank with agitator, preferably a temperature-controlled storage tank, can be used as machines, preferably a circuit of storage tank mixing head storage tank and preferably the discharge rate 0.1 is up to 3.0 kg / sec.
- the starting components are usually mixed at a temperature of 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 60 ° C., and introduced into the space between (i) and (iii) as already described.
- the mixing can be carried out mechanically by means of a stirrer or a stirring screw, but preferably by the countercurrent principle customary in high-pressure machines, in which the A and B component jets meet and mix in the mixing head under high pressure, the jet of each component also being divided can be.
- the reaction temperature i.e. the temperature at which the reaction takes place is usually> 20 ° C., preferably 50 to 150 ° C., depending on the material thickness.
- the edges of the space to be filled (R) are usually sealed in such a way that the space between (i) and (iii) can be completely filled with the starting components for the production of (ii), but an uncontrolled outflow of these starting components is prevented .
- Sealing can be done with conventional plastic, paper or metal foils and / or plates, which are glued, welded or pressed, for example, and which can also serve as spacers, if necessary.
- the preferred openings (v) which serve for filling or as an overflow, are excluded from the preferred seal.
- the seal of (R) is preferably checked by measuring the pressure difference.
- the expression pressure difference measurement is understood to mean that one tries to build up a pressure difference between the room (R) and the external environment over a certain period of time, for example by trying to create a negative or positive pressure in (R) in relation to the external environment to reach. This can be achieved by conventional vacuum pumps or well-known compressors that pump air or gas into the room (R). If a stable overpressure or underpressure can be generated in (R), this indicates a sufficiently dense cavity that can be filled with the starting components for the production of (ii). It should preferably be noted that the openings (v) which are provided for filling (R) with the starting components or as overflow openings for the exit of excess starting components are also temporarily sealed. If necessary, at least one of these openings can be used to connect the vacuum pump or compressor to (R).
- starting materials or “starting components” are to be understood in particular as (a) isocyanates and (b) compounds which are reactive towards isocyanates, but, if appropriate, also (c) gases, (d) Catalysts, (e) auxiliaries and / or (f) blowing agents.
- the reaction of (a) with (b) is preferably carried out in the presence of 1 to 50% by volume of gases (c).
- Polymer polyols are preferably used as (b).
- the reaction of (a) with (b) is preferably carried out in the presence of (f) blowing agents.
- the composite elements preferably have the following layer structure:
- polyisocyanate polyaddition products with a density of 350 to 1200 kg / m 3 obtainable by reacting (a) isocyanates with (b) compounds reactive toward isocyanates in the presence of (f) blowing agents, 1 to 50% by volume, based on the volume of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products, at least one gas (c) and optionally (d) catalysts and / or (e) auxiliaries,
- the polyisocyanate polyaddition products (ii) of the composite elements produced according to the invention preferably have an elastic modulus of> 275 MPa in the temperature range from -45 to + 50 ° C (according to DIN 53457), an adhesion to (i) and (iii) of> 4 MPa ( according to DIN 53530), an elongation of> 30% in the temperature range from -45 to + 50 ° C (according to DIN 53504), a tensile strength of> 20 MPa (according to DIN 53504) and a compressive strength of> 20 MPa (according to DIN 53421) on.
- the composite elements according to the invention can be prepared in such a way that between (i) and (iii) polyisocyanate polyadducts (ii), usually polyurethanes, which may have urea and / or isocyanurate structures, by reacting (a) isocyanates with ( b) compounds reactive toward isocyanates, optionally in the presence of blowing agents (f), from 1 to 50% by volume, based on the volume of the polyisocyanate polyadducts, of at least one gas (c), (d) catalysts and / or (e) auxiliaries , with (ii) preferably adhering to (i) and (iii).
- the reaction is preferably carried out in a closed form, ie (i) and (iii), when filled with the starting components for the production of (ii), are in a form which is closed after the starting components have been completely registered.
- the composite element can be removed from the mold.
- the surfaces of (i) and (iii) are preferred before the production of the composite elements for cleaning and increasing the surface roughness with sand or steel balls, preferably with corundum or blasted iron gravel.
- This blasting can be carried out according to the usual methods, in which the blasting material strikes the surfaces under high pressure, for example. Suitable equipment for such treatment is commercially available.
- This treatment of the surfaces of (i) and (iii) which are in contact with (ii) after the reaction of (a) with (b) leads to a significantly improved adhesion of (ii) to (i) and ( iii).
- the sandblasting is preferably carried out directly before the introduction of the components for the production of (ii) into the space between (i) and (iii).
- the surfaces of (i) and (iii) to which (ii) is intended to adhere are preferably free of inorganic and / or organic substances which reduce adhesion, for example dust, dirt, oils and greases or generally known as mold release agents substances.
- Layers (i) and (iii) can preferably be used as conventional metal plates, for example iron, steel, copper and / or aluminum plates, with the thicknesses according to the invention.
- the space between (i) and (iii) can be filled both in the vertical orientation of (i) and (iii) and in the horizontal orientation of (i) and (iii).
- Both (i) and (ii) can be coated, for example primed, primed, painted and / or coated with conventional plastics, in the production of the composite elements according to the invention.
- (I) and (iii) are preferably used uncoated and particularly preferably cleaned, for example, by conventional sandblasting.
- polyisocyanate polyadducts (ii) usually polyurethane and optionally polyisocyanurate products, in particular polyurethane elastomers, by reacting (a) isocyanates with (b) compounds reactive toward isocyanates, optionally in the presence of (f) blowing agents, (d) catalysts (e) Aids and / or (c) gases have been described many times.
- Suitable isocyanates (a) are the aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and / or aromatic isocyanates known per se, preferably diisocyanates, which may be biuretized and / or iscyanurated by generally known processes. may have been fixed.
- alkylene diisocyanates with 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical such as 1, 12-dodecane diisocyanate, 2-ethyl-tetramethylene-1, 4, 2-methylpentamethylene-1, 5, tetra-methylene diisocyanate, 1, 4, Lysine ester diisocyanates (LDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate-1, 6 (HDI), cyclohexane-1, 3- and / or 1,4-diisocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6-hexahydrotoluenediisocyanate and the corresponding isomer mixtures, 4,4 ' -, 2,2'- and 2, 4 '-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and the corresponding isomer mixtures, l-isocyanato-3, 3, 5-trimethyl-5-isocyanato-methylcyclohexane (IPDI), 2,4- and / or 2, 6
- LDDI Lysine
- di- and / or polyisocyanates containing ester, urea, allophanate, carbodiimide, uretdione and / or urethane groups can be used in the process according to the invention.
- 2,4'-, 2,2'- and / or 4,4'-MDI and / or polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanates are preferably used, particularly preferably mixtures containing polyphenylpolymethylene polyisocyanates and at least one of the MDI isomers.
- Compounds which are reactive towards isocyanates can be used, for example, as compounds which have hydroxyl, thiol and / or primary and / or secondary amino groups as isocyanate-reactive groups and usually have a molecular weight of 60 to 10,000 g / mol, e.g. Polyols selected from the group of polymer polyols, polyether polyalcohols, polyester polyalcohols, polythioether polyols, hydroxyl-containing polyacetals and hydroxyl-containing aliphatic polycarbonates or mixtures of at least two of the polyols mentioned. These compounds usually have a functionality towards isocyanates of 2 to 6 and a molecular weight of 400 to 8000 and are generally known to the person skilled in the art.
- polyether polyalcohols which, according to known technology, by addition of alkylene oxides, for example tetrahydrofuran, 1, 3-propylene oxide, 1, 2 or 2, 3-butylene oxide, styrene oxide and preferably ethylene oxide and / or
- 1, 2-propylene oxide are available on usual starter substances.
- Known aliphatic, araliphatic, cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic compounds which contain at least one, preferably 2 to 4 hydroxyl groups and / or at least one, preferably 2 to 4 amino groups can be used as starter substances.
- ethane diol diethylene glycol, 1, 2- or 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 1, 7-heptanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, sugar, for example sucrose, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, ethylenediamine, propanediamine, neopentanediamine, hexamethylenediamine, isophoronediamine , 4,4 '-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 2- (ethylamino) ethylamine,
- alkylene oxides can be used individually, alternately in succession or as mixtures. Alkylene oxides which lead to primary hydroxyl groups in the polyol are preferably used. Particularly preferred polyols are those which have been alkoxylated with ethylene oxide at the end of the alkoxylation and thus have primary hydroxyl groups.
- polyurethane chemistry preferably styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyols
- polymer polyols a special class of polyether polyols.
- blowing agents (f) and / or gases (c) can preferably be used as further measures to reduce the shrinkage.
- Suitable polyester polyols can be prepared, for example, from organic dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably aliphatic dicarboxylic acids with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and polyhydric alcohols, preferably diols, with 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the polyester polyols preferably have a functionality of 2 to 4, in particular 2 to 3, and a molecular weight of 480 to 3000, preferably 600 to 2000 and in particular 600 to 1500.
- the composite elements according to the invention are preferably produced using polyether polyalcohols as component (b) for the reaction with the isocyanates, advantageously those with an average functionality compared to isocyanates of 1.5 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, and a molecular weight of 400 to 8000.
- polyether polyalcohols offer considerable advantages due to the improved stability of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products against hydrolytic cleavage and due to the lower viscosity, in each case in comparison with polyester poly lyalkoholen.
- the improved stability against hydrolysis is particularly advantageous when used in shipbuilding.
- the lower viscosity of the polyether polyalcohols and the reaction mixture for producing (ii) containing the polyether polyalcohols enables the space between (i) and (iii) to be filled more quickly and easily with the reaction mixture for producing the composite elements. Due to the considerable dimensions, particularly of structural parts in shipbuilding, low-viscosity liquids are of considerable advantage.
- hydrocarbon skeleton with 10 to 40 carbon atoms and 2 to 4 groups reactive toward isocyanates.
- hydrocarbon skeleton is to be understood as an uninterrupted sequence of carbon atoms which is not interrupted, for example in the case of ethers, with oxygen atoms.
- Such substances also referred to below as (b3), can be used, for example, castor oil and its derivatives.
- chain extenders and / or crosslinking agents in addition to the compounds mentioned having a customary molecular weight of 400 to 8000, diols and / or triols with molecular weights of 60 to ⁇ 400 can optionally be used as chain extenders and / or crosslinking agents in the process according to the invention.
- chain extenders, crosslinking agents or, if appropriate, mixtures thereof may prove to be advantageous.
- the chain extenders and / or crosslinking agents preferably have a molecular weight of 60 to 300.
- aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and / or araliphatic diols with 2 to 14, preferably 4 to 10 carbon atoms such as e.g. Ethylene glycol, propanediol-1, 3, decanediol-1, 10, o-, m-, p-dihydroxycyclohexane, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and preferably butanediol-1, 4, hexanediol-1, 6 and bis- (2-hydroxyethyl) -hydroquinone, triols, such as 1,2,4-, 1, 3, 5-trihydroxy-cyclohexane, glycerol and trimethylolpropane, low molecular weight hydroxyl-containing polyalkylene oxides based on ethylene and / or 1,2-propylene oxide and the aforementioned diols and / or triplets as starter molecules and / or diamines such as Diethyltoluenedi
- chain extenders, crosslinking agents or mixtures thereof are used to prepare the polyisocyanate polyaddition products, these expediently come in an amount of 0 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight, based on the weight of the total isocyanate-reactive compounds (b) used.
- carboxylic acids can be used as (b) to optimize the curing process in the preparation of (ii).
- carboxylic acids are formic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, phenylacetic acid, phthalic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, derivatives of the acids mentioned, isomers of the acids mentioned and any mixtures of the acids mentioned.
- the proportion by weight of these acids can be 0 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of (b).
- polymer polyols in particular styrene-acrylonitrile graft polyols, can significantly reduce the shrinkage of the polyisocyanate polyaddition product, for example the polyurethane, and thus lead to improved adhesion of (ii) to (i) and (iii).
- blowing agents (f) and / or gases (c) can preferably be used as further measures to reduce the shrinkage.
- component (c) for the preparation of (ii) which have a boiling point at a pressure of 1 bar of less (i.e. at temperatures lower than) -50 ° C., for example air, carbon dioxide,
- Component (c) is preferably inert towards component (a), particularly preferably towards components (a) and (b), ie a reactivity of the gas towards (a) and (b) is scarcely, preferably not detectable.
- the use of gas (c) differs fundamentally from the use of conventional blowing agents for the production of foamed polyurethanes.
- blowing agents (f) are used in liquid form or are soluble in the polyol component in the case of the gaseous physical blowing agents) and evaporate during the reaction either due to the development of heat or in the case of water due to the reaction with the iso - If cyanate groups develop gaseous carbon dioxide, component (c) is preferably already used in gaseous form as an aerosol in the present invention, for example in the polyol component. 5
- catalysts (d) which greatly accelerate the reaction of isocyanates with the compounds reactive towards isocyanates, preferably a total catalyst content of 0.001 to
- the following compounds can be used: triethylamine, tributylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, dicyclohexylmethylamine, dimethylcyclohexyl
- alkanolamine compounds such as triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine , N-methyl- and N-ethyl-diethanolamine, dimethylaminoethanol, 2- (N, N-dimethylaminoethoxy) ethanol, N, N ', N "-Tris- (dialkylaminoalkyl) hexahydrotri-
- 25 azines e.g. N, N ', N "-Tris- (dimethylaminopropyl) -s-hexahydrotriazine, iron (II) chloride, zinc chloride, lead octoate and preferably tin salts, such as tin dioctoate, cirrhodiethylhexoate, dibutyltin dilaurate and / or dibutyldilauryltin mercaptide -Dimethyl- 3,4,5, 6-tetrahydropyrimidine, tetraalkylammonium hydroxides, such as
- alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide
- alkali metal alcoholates such as sodium methylate and potassium isopropylate
- alkali metal salts of long-chain fatty acids with 10 to 20 carbon atoms and optionally pendant OH groups.
- the reaction mixture for the preparation of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products (ii) can optionally (e) be admixed with auxiliaries.
- auxiliaries include fillers, surface-active substances, dyes, pigments, flame retardants, hydrolysis protection agents, fungistatic, bacteriostatic substances and foam stabilizers.
- suitable surface-active substances are compounds which serve to support the homogenization of the starting materials and, if appropriate, are also suitable for regulating the structure of the plastics.
- Examples include emulsifiers, such as the sodium salts of castor oil sulfates or of fatty acids, and salts of fatty acids with amines, for example oleic acid diethylamine, stearic acid diethanolamine, ricinoleic acid diethanolamine, salts of sulfonic acids, for example alkali metal or ammonium salts of dodecylbenzenic acid and disulfonic acid and disulfonylsulfonic acid and disulfonylsulfonic acid or disulfonylsulfonic acid and disulfonylsulfonic acid or disulfonylsulfonic acid and disulfonylsulfonic acid or disulfonylsulfonic acid or disulfonylsulfonic acid or disulfonylsulfonic acid or disulfonylsulfonic acid or disulfonylsulfonic acid or disulfonylsul
- Suitable flame retardants are, for example, tricresyl phosphate, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (1,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, tris (2,3-dibropropyl) phosphate, tetrakis (2-chloroethyl) ethylenediphosphate, diethyl methane phosphonate, diethanolaminomethylphosphonic acid diethyl ester and commercially available halogen-containing flame retardant polyols.
- inorganic or organic flame retardants such as red phosphorus, aluminum oxide hydrate, antimony trioxide, arsenic oxide, ammonium polyphosphate and calcium sulfate, expanded graphite or cyanuric acid derivatives, such as e.g. Melamine, or mixtures of at least two flame retardants, e.g. Ammonium polyphosphates and melamine and optionally corn starch or ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and expandable graphite and / or optionally aromatic polyesters are used to flame retard the polyisocyanate polyaddition products.
- Fillers in particular reinforcing fillers, are to be understood as the conventional organic and inorganic fillers, reinforcing agents, weighting agents, agents for improving the abrasion behavior in paints, coating agents, etc., which are known per se.
- inorganic fillers such as silicate minerals, for example layered silicates such as antigorite, serpentine, hornblende, a phibole, chrisotile and talc, metal oxides such as kaolin, aluminum oxides, titanium oxides and iron oxides, metal salts such as chalk, heavy spar and inorganic pigments , such as cadmium sulfide and zinc sulfide, and glass and others.
- Kaolin china clay
- aluminum silicate and coprecipitates made from barium sulfate and aluminum silicate as well as natural and syn- synthetic fibrous minerals such as wollastonite, metal and glass fibers of short length.
- suitable organic fillers are: carbon, melamine, rosin, cyclopentadienyl resins and graft polymers as well as cellulose fibers, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polyester fibers based on aromatic and / or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters and in particular carbon fibers.
- the inorganic and organic fillers can be used individually or as mixtures.
- fillers 10 to 70% by weight of fillers, based on the weight of (ii), are preferably used as (e) auxiliaries in the preparation of (ii).
- Talc, kaolin, calcium carbonate, heavy spar, glass fibers and / or microglass balls are preferably used as fillers.
- the size of the particles of the fillers should preferably be chosen so that the introduction of the components for the production of (ii) into the space between (i) and (iii) is not impeded.
- the fillers particularly preferably have particle sizes of ⁇ 0.5 mm.
- the fillers are preferably used in a mixture with the polyol component in the reaction for the production of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products.
- the fillers can be used to reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the polyisocyanate polyaddition products, which is greater than that of steel, for example, and thus to match that of the steel. This is particularly advantageous for a sustainable, firm bond between the layers (i), (ii) and (iii), since this results in lower stresses between the layers under thermal stress.
- foam stabilizers which are commercially available and are generally known to the person skilled in the art are preferably used as (e), for example generally known polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene block copolymers, e.g. Tegostab 2219 from Goldschmidt.
- the proportion of these foam stabilizers in the preparation of (ii) is preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 2% by weight, based on the weight of the for the production of (ii) components (b), (e) and optionally (d).
- the use of these foam stabilizers has the effect that component (c) in the reaction mixture is stabilized to produce (ii).
- Blowing agents (f) known from polyurethane chemistry can be used as blowing agents, for example physical and / or chemical blowing agents.
- Such physical Blowing agents generally have a boiling point at a pressure of 1 bar of greater (ie at temperatures higher than) -50 ° C.
- Examples of physical blowing agents are, for example, CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs, aliphatic hydrocarbons, cycloaliphatic 5 hydrocarbons, each with, for example, 4 to 6 carbon atoms or mixtures of these substances, for example trichlorofluoromethane (boiling point 24 ° C.), chlorodifluoromethane (boiling point -40.8 ° C.) , Dichlorofluoroethane (boiling point 32 ° C), chlorodifluoroethane (boiling point -9.2 ° C), dichlorotrifluoroethane (boiling point 27.1 ° C), 10 tetrafluoroethane (boiling point -26.5 ° C), hexafluorobutane (boiling point 24.6 ° C), iso-pentane (boiling point 28 ° C), n-pentane (boiling
- Blowing agents which form gaseous products due to a reaction, for example with isocyanate groups, come, for example, water, hydrated compounds, carboxylic acids, tert.-alcohols, e.g. t-butanol, carbamates, for example those described in EP-A 1000955, in particular on pages 2, lines 5 to 31 and page 3, lines 20 21 to 42, carbamates, carbonates, e.g. Ammonium carbonate and / or ammonium hydrogen carbonate and / or guanidine carbamate.
- Water and / or carbamates 25 are preferably used as blowing agents (f).
- the blowing agents (f) are preferably used in an amount sufficient to obtain the preferred density of (ii). This can be determined with simple routine experiments, which are generally known to the person skilled in the art 30.
- the blowing agents (f) are particularly preferably used in an amount of 0.05 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 5% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the polyisocyanate polyadducts.
- the weight of (ii) by definition corresponds to the weight of the components (a), (b) and (c) used for the production of (ii) and, if appropriate, (d) and / or (e).
- the isocyanates and the compounds which are reactive toward isocyanates are reacted in amounts such that the equivalence ratio of NCO groups of the isocyanates (a)
- the polyisocyanate polyaddition products are usually produced by the one-shot process or by the prepolymer process, for example with the aid of high-pressure or low-pressure technology.
- component (A) Polyol component
- Component (c) can be fed to the reaction mixture comprising (a), (b) and optionally (f), (d) and / or (e), and / or the individual components (a), (b) already described , (A) and / or (B).
- the component that is mixed with (c) is usually in liquid form.
- the components are preferably mixed into component (b).
- the corresponding component can be mixed with (c) by generally known methods.
- (c) can be compressed by generally known loading devices, for example air loading devices, preferably under pressure, for example from a pressure vessel or by a compressor, e.g. are supplied through a nozzle to the corresponding component.
- the corresponding components are preferably thoroughly mixed with (c), so that gas bubbles of (c) in the usually liquid component preferably have a size of 0.0001 to 10, particularly preferably 0.0001 to 1 mm.
- the content of (c) in the reaction mixture for the production of (ii) can be determined in the return line of the high-pressure machine using generally known measuring devices via the density of the reaction mixture.
- the content of (c) in the reaction mixture can preferably be regulated automatically on the basis of this density via a control unit.
- the component density can be determined and regulated online during the normal circulation of the material in the machine, even at a very low circulation speed.
- the composite elements obtainable according to the invention are used above all in areas in which construction elements are required which can withstand great forces, for example as construction parts in shipbuilding, for example in ship hulls, for example double hulls with an outer and an inner wall, and cargo space covers, cargo space partitions, loading flaps or in buildings, for example bridges or as construction elements in house construction, especially in high-rise buildings.
- the composite elements according to the invention are not to be confused with classic sandwich elements, which contain a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate rigid foam as the core and are usually used for thermal insulation.
- classic sandwich elements which contain a polyurethane and / or polyisocyanurate rigid foam as the core and are usually used for thermal insulation.
- Known sandwich elements of this type would not be suitable for the named application areas due to their comparatively lower mechanical resilience.
- Compact polyisocyanate polyadducts i.e. Products that do not consist of a network of gas-filled cells that are connected to one another via webs and cell walls.
- the length and width of the composite elements to be connected are preferably 0.5 m to 10 m, particularly preferably 1 m to 5 m.
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002224842A AU2002224842A1 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-13 | Method for binding compound elements |
DE10194972T DE10194972D2 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-13 | Process for connecting composite elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10056375.9 | 2000-11-14 | ||
DE10056375A DE10056375A1 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2000-11-14 | Bonding together metal-polyurethane-metal sandwich elements, for use e.g. in ships or buildings, involves fixing together elements with projecting metal edges and reacting isocyanate with polyol in the space formed |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002040876A1 true WO2002040876A1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
Family
ID=7663243
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2001/013082 WO2002040876A1 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-13 | Method for binding compound elements |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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AU (1) | AU2002224842A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10056375A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002040876A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
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---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009125289A2 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-10-15 | Innovida Factories, Ltd. | Straight joint for sandwich panels and method of fabricating same |
US8733033B2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2014-05-27 | Millport Associates, SA | Sandwich panel ground anchor and ground preparation for sandwich panel structures |
US8782991B2 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2014-07-22 | Millport Associates S.A. | Building roof structure having a round corner |
US8875475B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-11-04 | Millport Associates S.A. | Multiple panel beams and methods |
EP2837749A1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-18 | Jean-Marc Faber | Method for manufacturing a composite wall |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE10318982A1 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-11-11 | Basf Ag | Containers based on composite elements |
CN103711764B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2016-06-22 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | The attachment structure of a kind of composite connector and metal connecting piece and method |
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- 2000-11-14 DE DE10056375A patent/DE10056375A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2001-11-13 DE DE10194972T patent/DE10194972D2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-11-13 AU AU2002224842A patent/AU2002224842A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US8733033B2 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2014-05-27 | Millport Associates, SA | Sandwich panel ground anchor and ground preparation for sandwich panel structures |
US8782991B2 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2014-07-22 | Millport Associates S.A. | Building roof structure having a round corner |
US8875475B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-11-04 | Millport Associates S.A. | Multiple panel beams and methods |
EP2837749A1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-18 | Jean-Marc Faber | Method for manufacturing a composite wall |
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DE10194972D2 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
AU2002224842A1 (en) | 2002-05-27 |
DE10056375A1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
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