WO2002004791A1 - Procedure and device to reduce engine exhaust emissions - Google Patents
Procedure and device to reduce engine exhaust emissions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002004791A1 WO2002004791A1 PCT/RO2001/000012 RO0100012W WO0204791A1 WO 2002004791 A1 WO2002004791 A1 WO 2002004791A1 RO 0100012 W RO0100012 W RO 0100012W WO 0204791 A1 WO0204791 A1 WO 0204791A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust
- procedure
- hydrocarbons
- ozone
- gases
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0892—Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2270/00—Mixing air with exhaust gases
- F01N2270/04—Mixing air with exhaust gases for afterburning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
Definitions
- the invention refers to a procedure and device to reduce engine exhaust emissions by activating a cold discharge inside the exhaust pipe, near the exhaust manifolds.
- the devices used all over the world are the catalytic converters. They reduce the engine exhaust emissions using catalysts disposed in various geometrical nets. As their arrangement into a much thinner nets would diminish the exhausting output, the practical achievements gravitate around one solution, i.e. rare nets but set in a sufficiently big volume so that a satisfactory ratio between the oxidizing and exhausting outputs be maintained, on the one hand and a reasonable price be reached, on the other hand.
- the technical problem solved by the invention is the efficient reduction of carbon monoxide and other incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons in exhaust gases.
- the procedure to reduce engine exhaust emissions in conformity with the invention removes the above-mentioned disadvantages for it stimulates the oxidatipn of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons by activating a cold discharge inside the exhaust pipe, near the exhaust manifolds.
- the appearance by effect Corona of the free negative charges leads to the exhaust gases ionization, which will generate not only the reaction of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons with the oxygen in the exhaust gases but also the forming of ozone. Being unstable, the ozone will continue the process of oxidizing the hydrocarbons till their going out in the atmosphere.
- the device to apply the procedure according to the invention consists of a central electrode that generates negative charges by effect Corona, connected to the negative borne of a pulsed high voltage power supply and a insulator that isolates a second electrode which is the exhausting pipe itself.
- the invention has the following advantages:
- Figure 1 - a longitudinal section through the device integrated into the exhaust system
- Figure 2 - a presentation of the ionizing zones, on a longitudinal section through the exhaust system
- Figure 3 a presentation of the ionizing zones, on a cross section through the simplified drawn device
- Figure 5 theoretical curve representing the variation of the ozone density along the exhaust system.
- the procedure to reduce engine exhaust emissions consists in using a cold discharge inside the exhaust pipe in order to stimulate the oxidation.
- Corona plasma is a cold discharge.
- the emission of electrons by effect Corona leads to the exhaust gases ionization, which generate both the reaction of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons with the oxygen in the exhaust gases and the forming of ozone. Being unstable, the ozone will continue the process of oxidizing the hydrocarbons till their going out in the atmosphere.
- a central electrode 1 is mounted in the center of a piece of an exhaust pipe 2. All along the central electrode, an insulator 3 protects the inner wall of the pipe. At a pipe having a diameter d, the electrode Tis 3d long and the insulator 3 is with 2d longer.
- a pulsed high voltage power supply 4 supplies the central electrode 1 at a very high negative potential in order to maintain the discharge in air at normal pressure.
- the electrode is protected against deformations caused by the pressure and temperature of the exhaust gases by two ceramics supports si and s2. Being mounted in a piece of the exhaust pipe 2, the device is easily connected to the exhaust system using two swing clamps cl and c2.
- the device must be placed near the exhaust manifold EM because the higher the gas temperature is, the higher the ionization effective sections are.
- the gas ionization is stimulated along the electrode 1, in ionization zone IZ, in which the oxidation generated by ions is dominant.
- ionization zone IZ in which the oxidation generated by ions is dominant.
- PIZ post ionization zone
- the process of oxidation is generated by ozone is dominant. Therefore the ionization zone IZ and the post ionization zone PIZ are forming a catalyzing zone CZ.
- the ionization zone IZ is once more presented in figure 3.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention refers to a procedure and device to reduce engine exhaust emissions by activating a cold discharge inside the exhaust pipe, near the exhaust manifolds. The appearance by effect Corona of the free negative charges leads to exhaust gases ionization that will generate both the reaction of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons with the oxygen in the exhausted gases and the forming of ozone. Being unstable, the ozone will continue the process of oxidizing the hydrocarbons till their going out in the atmosphere. The device to apply the procedure according to the invention consists of a central electrode (1) that generates negative charges by effect Corona, connected to the negative borne of a pulsed high voltage power supply (4) and an insulator (3) that isolates a second electrode which is the exhausting pipe (2) itself.
Description
PROCEDURE AND DEVICE TO REDUCE ENGINE EXHAUST EMISSIONS
The invention refers to a procedure and device to reduce engine exhaust emissions by activating a cold discharge inside the exhaust pipe, near the exhaust manifolds.
It is known that the incomplete combustion of oil products (gasoline, diesel oil, gas) leads to exhausting noxious fumes in the atmosphere in spite of the ever-higher output of the internal-combustion engines. Therefore, the modern civilization is ever more preoccupied concerning the problem of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons and the worldwide accredited procedure is that of stimulating the oxidation using hot catalysts. Since the catalysts are made of platinum, this way of cleaning the exhaust has still the disadvantage of been too expensive.
The devices used all over the world are the catalytic converters. They reduce the engine exhaust emissions using catalysts disposed in various geometrical nets. As their arrangement into a much thinner nets would diminish the exhausting output, the practical achievements gravitate around one solution, i.e. rare nets but set in a sufficiently big volume so that a satisfactory ratio between the oxidizing and exhausting outputs be maintained, on the one hand and a reasonable price be reached, on the other hand.
The technical problem solved by the invention is the efficient reduction of carbon monoxide and other incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons in exhaust gases.
The procedure to reduce engine exhaust emissions in conformity with the invention removes the above-mentioned disadvantages for it stimulates the oxidatipn of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons by activating a cold discharge inside the exhaust pipe, near the exhaust manifolds. The appearance by effect Corona of the free negative charges leads to the exhaust gases ionization, which will generate not only the reaction of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons with the oxygen in the exhaust gases but also the forming of ozone. Being unstable, the ozone will continue the process of oxidizing the hydrocarbons till their going out in the atmosphere.
The device to apply the procedure according to the invention consists of a central electrode that generates negative charges by effect Corona, connected to the negative borne of a pulsed high voltage power supply and a insulator that isolates a second electrode which is the exhausting pipe itself.
The invention has the following advantages:
- high efficiency
- physical simplicity
- the exhausting output is not diminished
- low price
An example of achievement of the invention is presented fiirther on in conjunction with the figures 1,2,3,4,5 that represent:
Figure 1 - a longitudinal section through the device integrated into the exhaust system,
Figure 2 - a presentation of the ionizing zones, on a longitudinal section through the exhaust system,
Figure 3 - a presentation of the ionizing zones, on a cross section through the simplified drawn device,
Figure 4 -theoretical curve representing the variation of the electrons density along the exhaust system,
Figure 5 - theoretical curve representing the variation of the ozone density along the exhaust system.
According to the invention, the procedure to reduce engine exhaust emissions consists in using a cold discharge inside the exhaust pipe in order to stimulate the oxidation. Corona plasma is a cold discharge. The emission of electrons by effect Corona leads to the exhaust gases ionization, which generate both the reaction of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons with the oxygen in the exhaust gases and the forming of ozone. Being unstable, the ozone will continue the process of oxidizing the hydrocarbons till their going out in the atmosphere.
The device presented in figure 1 shows a way to apply this procedure. Thus, a central electrode 1 is mounted in the center of a piece of an exhaust pipe 2. All along the central electrode, an insulator 3 protects the inner wall of the pipe. At a pipe having a diameter d, the electrode Tis 3d long and the insulator 3 is with 2d longer. A pulsed high voltage power supply 4 supplies the central electrode 1 at a very high negative potential in order to maintain the discharge in air at normal pressure. The electrode is protected against deformations caused by the pressure and temperature of the exhaust gases by two ceramics supports si and s2. Being mounted in a piece of the exhaust pipe 2, the device is easily connected to the exhaust system using two swing clamps cl and c2. The device must be placed near the exhaust manifold EM because the higher the gas temperature is, the higher the ionization effective sections are. The gases exit from the exhaust manifold with a velocity v, pass through the device where they are
ionized and the process of oxidation begins, flow through muffler and tailpipe and go out in the atmosphere through the tailpipe tip TP, well oxidized.
In figure 2, the process of oxidation can be followed all along the exhaust system.
Thus, the gas ionization is stimulated along the electrode 1, in ionization zone IZ, in which the oxidation generated by ions is dominant. Beyond the device there is a post ionization zone PIZ that extends up to the tailpipe tip TP. In the post ionization zone
PIZ the process of oxidation is generated by ozone is dominant. Therefore the ionization zone IZ and the post ionization zone PIZ are forming a catalyzing zone CZ.
The ionization zone IZ is once more presented in figure 3.
A theoretical evaluation of the electron density is shown in figure 4, considering the gases velocity v = 2m/s and an electrical potential of 12KV.
As regards figure 5, a tlieoretical evaluation of the ozone density is presented considering the lifetime of ozone of Is and the gases velocity v = 2m/s.
Claims
1. Procedure to reduce engine exhaust emissions characterized by the fact that it stimulates the oxidation of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons in exhaust gases by activating a cold discharge inside the exhaust pipe, near the exhaust manifolds,, the appearance by effect Corona of the free negative charges leading to the exhaust gases ionization, which will generate not only the reaction of the incomplete oxidized hydrocarbons with the oxygen in the exhaust gases but also the forming of1 ozone, which being unstable, will continue the process of oxidizing the hydrocarbons till their going out in the atmosphere.
2. The device to apply the procedure according to the invention characterized by the fact that it consists of a central electrode (1) that generates negative charges by effect Corona, connected to the negative borne of a pulsed high voltage power supply (4) and a insulator (3) that isolates a second electrode which is the exhausting pipe itself (2).
Bibliography
1. Holt,E.H., Haskell,R.E., Plasma Dynamics, Macmillan Co., New York 1968
2. Llewellyn- Jones,F., The Glow Discharge, Methuen, London 1966
3. McDaniel,E.W., CoUision Phenomena in Ionized Gases, John Wiley&Sons, Inc. New York 1964
4. PopescuJ.L, Toader,E.L, Iova,L, Fizica plasmei si aplicatϋ, Editura stiintifica, Bucuresti, 1981
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ROA200000707 | 2000-07-12 | ||
| RO200000707 | 2000-07-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002004791A1 true WO2002004791A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
Family
ID=20129358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/RO2001/000012 WO2002004791A1 (en) | 2000-07-12 | 2001-07-11 | Procedure and device to reduce engine exhaust emissions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2002004791A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3205162A (en) * | 1961-08-08 | 1965-09-07 | Celanese Corp | Electric discharge process and apparatus |
| FR2121682A1 (en) * | 1971-01-08 | 1972-08-25 | Sikich Jack | Gas purifier - using corona discharge esp for exhaust gases with supplementary oxygen feed |
| JPH10146515A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1998-06-02 | He Holdings Inc Dba Hughes Electron | Nitrogen oxide reducing method in corona discharge pollution causing factor destroying apparatus |
| EP0937870A2 (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-25 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Catalytic plasma exhaust converter |
| US6038854A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 2000-03-21 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Plasma regenerated particulate trap and NOx reduction system |
-
2001
- 2001-07-11 WO PCT/RO2001/000012 patent/WO2002004791A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3205162A (en) * | 1961-08-08 | 1965-09-07 | Celanese Corp | Electric discharge process and apparatus |
| FR2121682A1 (en) * | 1971-01-08 | 1972-08-25 | Sikich Jack | Gas purifier - using corona discharge esp for exhaust gases with supplementary oxygen feed |
| JPH10146515A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1998-06-02 | He Holdings Inc Dba Hughes Electron | Nitrogen oxide reducing method in corona discharge pollution causing factor destroying apparatus |
| US6038854A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 2000-03-21 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Plasma regenerated particulate trap and NOx reduction system |
| EP0937870A2 (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-25 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Catalytic plasma exhaust converter |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "PLASMA EXHAUST TREATMENT", DIESELNET TECHNOLOGY GUIDE, XX, XX, 1999, pages 1 - 7, XP000826895 * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 11 30 September 1998 (1998-09-30) * |
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