WO2001098045A1 - Fluid powered cutting apparatus with cutting load control - Google Patents
Fluid powered cutting apparatus with cutting load control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001098045A1 WO2001098045A1 PCT/GB2001/002745 GB0102745W WO0198045A1 WO 2001098045 A1 WO2001098045 A1 WO 2001098045A1 GB 0102745 W GB0102745 W GB 0102745W WO 0198045 A1 WO0198045 A1 WO 0198045A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- fluid
- actuator
- motor
- load
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
- B28D7/005—Devices for the automatic drive or the program control of the machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D47/00—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
- B23D47/08—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of devices for bringing the circular saw blade to the workpiece or removing same therefrom
- B23D47/10—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of devices for bringing the circular saw blade to the workpiece or removing same therefrom actuated by fluid or gas pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
- B28D1/04—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with circular or cylindrical saw-blades or saw-discs
- B28D1/045—Sawing grooves in walls; sawing stones from rocks; sawing machines movable on the stones to be cut
Definitions
- This invention relates to cutting apparatus.
- the invention relates to apparatus in which the resistance load on a cutting device attached to the apparatus is automatically regulated to not exceed a predetermined value.
- a trench When road repairs or pipe laying etc. are carried out on roads or pavements, the surface generally has to be cut, for example a trench would normally require two parallel cuts to be made to the width of the trench, thus helping to avoid damaging the surrounding area when trench material is removed. At present this is normally done by a relatively small standalone petrol engine powered single bladed saw whilst, usually, a mechanical excavator (for example a back hoe loader) waits idly to dig out the trench.
- a mechanical excavator for example a back hoe loader
- the power available to this type of saw is generally small compared to that which is available from the excavator in the form of hydraulic power that may be supplied at the end of its dipper arm, as currently provided for other known attachments such as hydraulic breakers.
- fluid powered cutting apparatus comprising a fluid motor arranged so as to drive a cutting device and a fluid powered actuator, the fluid motor and fluid powered actuator being so constructed and arranged as to cause, in use, the resistance load induced on the cutting device when cutting material to be regulated so as not to exceed a pre-determined value.
- the actuator and motor may be connected to a fluid flow circuit such that an increased rotational load on the cutting device due to a cutting force induced on the device causes a change in pressure within the circuit, thereby causing the actuator to counteract the cutting force so as to reduce the load on the cutting device. More preferably the actuator may be connected to the circuit upstream of the motor.
- the flow of fluid into the actuator may be unrestricted but flow out of the actuator may be restricted.
- the actuator may be a hydraulic ram.
- the device may be pivotally mounted relative to the surface of the material to be cut.
- the device may be a circular saw blade.
- the apparatus may be adapted for use with a hydraulic excavator or the like.
- the Apparatus may be secured on the backhoe dipper arm of an excavator.
- the fluid may be hydraulic fluid.
- a further cutting device may be provided.
- a fluid circuit for use with a cutting apparatus comprising in series a secondary supply line for an actuator and a fluid motor for driving a cutting device, the circuit being so arranged that, in use, an increased load on the motor caused by a rotational resistance load on the device causes a change in pressure in the circuit, said change in pressure adjusting the position of the actuator so as to regulate the resistance load and hence the load on the motor.
- the flow into the actuator may be unrestricted, but the return flow may be restricted.
- the circuit may be further provided with a valve, the valve preventing fluid flow unless sufficient external physical pressure is applied thereto.
- two actuators may be connected to the secondary supply line.
- hydraulic cutting apparatus for use in association with a host machine, the apparatus comprising a hydraulic motor adapted to drive a cutting device, a hydraulic actuator arranged so as to move the cutting device relative to material to be cut and a hydraulic circuit, the circuit being arranged such that, in use, the rotational resistance load induced on cutting device due to a cutting force applied to the device is regulated due to counteraction of the cutting force by the actuator.
- a method of cutting through material using cutting apparatus comprising a cutting device powered by a fluid motor and an actuator connected in series with the motor to a fluid line, the method comprising the steps of: a) an operator of the apparatus inducing a cutting force between the running cutting device and the material to be cut, thereby inducing a frictional resistance load of the cutting device and hence a load on the motor; b) a change in fluid pressure being induced in the fluid line by the load on the motor; c) the change in pressure causing a change in the extension of the actuator to reduce the frictional resistance load between the material and the device, thereby reducing the load on the motor; d) a further change in the fluid pressure being induced in the fluid line; e) the change in pressure causing a further change in the extension of the actuator to increase the frictional resistance between the material and the device, thereby increasing the load on the motor; and f) repeating steps b) to e) until the operator removes the device
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a cutting apparatus in accordance one embodiment of the invention mounted on an arm of a host machine and located upon a surface to be cut;
- FIG. 2 illustrates the apparatus of Fig. 1 with the apparatus in operation
- FIG. 3 is a front elevation of the apparatus of Fig. 1; and FIG. 4 is a diagram of a hydraulic circuit used in the apparatus of the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3;
- FIG. 5 is a side elevation of a cutting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a side elevation of the cutting apparatus of Fig. 5 in operation
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of the cutting apparatus of Fig. 5 shown in partial cross-section;
- FIG. 8 is a side elevation of cutting apparatus according to a third embodiment of the invention shown in partial cross-section;
- FIG. 9 is a side elevation of the cutting apparatus of Fig. 8 in operation.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 8.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram of the hydraulic circuit used in the third embodiment.
- hydraulic cutting apparatus comprises a cutting device attached to a drive shaft 8 driven in this embodiment by a hydraulic motor 7.
- Shaft 8 and motor 7 are mounted onto side plates 2, 2a (see Fig. 3).
- a gear arrangement transmits drive from the motor to the shaft, but in other embodiments the shaft may be driven directly.
- each side plate 2a has pivotally secured thereto depth regulation means comprising a pair of hydraulic actuators.
- the actuators comprise a hydraulic cylinder 6 and ram 6a, which rams are pivotally connected to a base plate 3 standing upon the surface of the material 4 to be cut.
- the rams have sufficient capacity to overcome any downward load induced by the operator of a host machine to which the apparatus is secured.
- the side plates 2, 2a are in this embodiment rigidly connected to form a headstock and are themselves releasably pivotally connected to the dipper arm 1,1c of the host machine
- the base plate 3 is further pivotally connected to the side plates 2, 2a also by pins. To provide greater manoeuvrability, wheels may be provided as appropriate on the base section.
- the cutting device may be a chain saw or planer for example, but in this embodiment is a circular diamond blade or carburundum blade. Indeed, for the purposes of this invention, the term "cutting” should be understood to also include abrasive devices. For ease of reference the cutting device is generally referred to hereafter as a blade 5.
- a pair of blades may be mounted at each opposite end of the drive shaft.
- An arrangement having a pair of blades arranged in parallel planes allows simultaneous parallel cuts to be made. Parallel cutting is a particular advantage in various operations, such as trenching. It is envisaged that the spacing between the blade may either be fixed to correspond to the width of standard excavator buckets, or may be adjustable over a range of widths.
- hydraulic gear motors work on the principle that hydraulic fluid (e.g. hydraulic oil or water), under pressure, is forced through a pair of intermeshing gears, one of which is attached to the output shaft of a motor, causing any mechanical device attached to the output shaft to rotate in conjunction with the gears.
- hydraulic fluid e.g. hydraulic oil or water
- the hydraulic pressure will rise as the mechanical parts (gears, shafts etc.) are accelerated up to running speed.
- the motor will generally require a fixed amount of fluid to turn by 1 revolution, so a motor requiring 10cm 3 of fluid for 1 revolution would turn at a rate of 100 rpm if supplied with a fluid flow of
- the motor 12 and actuator are preferably connected to the same hydraulic pressure line 10 or circuit which allows fluid to pass freely into the actuator along line 10a but in which the flow back from the actuator is restricted by virtue of combined restrictor and one-way valve arrangement 11.
- a return line 9 downstream of motor 12 allows the hydraulic fluid to be recirculated to a hydraulic pump on the excavator (not shown).
- the operator In operation, as seen in Fig. 2, the operator first brings the blade up to its operational speed and then extends hydraulic ram lb on the dipper arm, thus tipping the apparatus forwards.
- the hydraulic rams 6a contract into cylinder 6 in conjunction with movement of the dipper arm 1, 1c bringing the cutting device into engagement with the material 4 to be cut.
- the material is tarmacadam, but in other embodiments the apparatus may be used to cut other materials such as concrete, rock, wood, plastics or metals, for example.
- the arrangement automatically regulates the frictional resistance on the blade 5 so that the operator is able to maintain a controlled and steady rate of cutting without risking damage being caused to the blade 5. It is preferred that for ease of operation, cutting occurs towards the host machine (i.e. from right to left in Fig. 2 and left to right in Figs 6 and 8 described below).
- guards would be provided attached to the base plate 3 and/or to side plates 2, 2a whereby the moving parts, including the cutting device are mounted inside a further housing provided by both the guards and the side plates.
- the guards and the pipework and fittings for the actuators and motor have not been shown.
- FIGs. 5 to 7 there is shown a second embodiment of the invention comprising a variant of the apparatus of the first embodiment that operates using similar principles. Where possible like numerals have been used for like parts with the addition of the prefix " 1 ".
- the apparatus comprises a connecting portion 120 having bores 122a, 122b that may be used for releasable attachment to the end of an excavator dipper arm or the like 101, 101c.
- the connecting portion is preferably linked to a headstock 102 by a linkage that in this embodiment comprises plates 126a and 126b arranged in a mutual parallel configuration and secured to the connecting portion 120 by pin 124.
- the linkage enables the headstock to pivot relative to the connecting portion 120 about an axes parallel and perpendicular to the sides of the apparatus so as to compensate for uneven ground between the apparatus and the machine to which it is secured.
- the headstock 102 is in turn pivotally secured to a housing/base plate 103 by axle 128.
- axle 128 This arrangement can be seen most clearly from Fig. 7.
- a pair of wheels 15a are also preferably mounted on axle 128.
- a further pair of wheels 150b is preferably mounted on the opposite end of housing 103 by axle 184 (the wheels are obscured by the housing in Fig. 7).
- the housing 103 essentially encloses the sides and end of the apparatus.
- a cranked arm 130 is further pivotally journalled on to axle 128.
- the free end of arm 130 has mounted thereon hydraulic motor 112 and drive shaft 134.
- the output shaft 156 of the hydraulic motor 112 and the drive shaft 134 are arranged in spaced parallel relationship and have mounted thereon intermeshing gears 158 and 160 to transmit drive from the hydraulic motor to the drive shaft 134.
- the motor 112 may directly drive the drive shaft or alternative drive transmission means such as chains or pulleys may be employed.
- An aperture of sufficient size to enable unrestricted relative vertical movement of the drive shaft 134 relative to the housing 103 over the required range of travel is provided in the side wall of the housing.
- a cutting device which in this embodiment is a circular saw blade 105 is mounted on drive shaft 134 using suitable mounting means 182 as is known in the art.
- a guard 152 preferably encloses the blade but is removable to allow blades to be changed when they become worn for example.
- the drive shaft may be extended through the opposite side of the housing 103 to permit a further blade to be secured thereto.
- the depth regulation means is provided, in this embodiment, by a single hydraulic actuator comprising a cylinder 106 and ram 106a, the cylinder 106 being pivotally secured to a headstock 102 whilst the ram is pivotally secured to a housing 103 by pin 132.
- the pipework and fittings of the hydraulic circuit have been omitted for clarity, but the layout of the circuit is substantially identical to that of the first embodiment.
- a tie rod 136 is in this embodiment pivotally mounted to headstock 102 and is arranged such that a female slidable portion 140 secured to arm 130 is free to move along the extent of cylindrical portion 137 of the tie rod 136.
- a locking nut is preferably secured to the end of the cylindrical portion to retain the female portion 140 on the rod 136.
- the locking nut may be adjusted to provide a fine control of the cutting depth of blade 105.
- the tie rod may be replaced by a slotted bar, or a flexible tie, for example.
- Means is preferably provided on the apparatus to provide an indication of the current depth of cut, and to alter the maximum depth of the cut.
- a quadrant 144 having an array of apertures 146 provided thereon is mounted on a portion of the housing 103 visible to the operator and operates in conjunction with moveable depth stop 144 to adjust the maximum cutting depth of the device.
- a cutting depth indicator 148 is connected via a linkage to arm 130 to provide a visual indication of the actual depth of cut at that point.
- the operator of the apparatus first brings the blade 105 up to its operational speed, and then lowers the dipper arm of the excavator which in turn causes headstock 102 to pivot downwardly about axle 128 and by virtue of tie rod 136 lowers the arm 130 and blade 105 so as to bring blade 105 into contact with the material to be cut 104.
- the apparatus relies on the self weight of arm 130 to induce a cutting force, causing blade 105 to cut into the material 104.
- the increased load on motor 112 causes back pressure in the hydraulic line, thus causing the actuator to extend in a similar manner to that described in the first embodiment.
- the extension of the actuator in turn causes headstock 102 to pivot upwardly about axle 128 which simultaneously, due to the tie rod connection between the headstock and arm 130 also lifts the blade away from the material being cut thus reducing the cutting force and the frictional resistance. In this way, the self regulation of the cutting functions in a similar manner to the first embodiment.
- the apparatus comprises a dipper arm attachment separate from the main body of the device itself.
- the attachment comprises in this embodiment a connecting portion 220 pivotally secured to a dipper arm of an excavator 201, 201c by pins 222a and 222b.
- a telescopic portion comprising an outer sleeve 286 and inner sleeve 288, the sleeve being biased outwardly by resilient means such as a gas strut 290. Stops are provided to retain the arm 288 within the sleeve 286.
- the telescopic portion may be turned through 90° relative to the connecting portion 220 thereby enabling cutting to take place transversely rather than towards the excavator.
- a cross bar 292 is secured to the free end of the telescopic portion so as to engage with hooks 294 on the apparatus when it is necessary for the apparatus to be lifted and moved.
- the apparatus again comprises a headstock 202 which in this embodiment is pivotally mounted to upper edge of the housing 203 by bar 296 that is journalled onto brackets 297.
- the opposite end of the headstock 202 is supported by resilient means such as gas strut 304 pivotally mounted at the free end of the headstock 202 by pin 306 and at its opposite end to the housing by a pin 308.
- gas-struts to support the headstock is considered advantageous due to the constant rate of compression under increasing loads.
- the headstock 202 is biased into the rest position as illustrated by Fig. 8.
- a pressure plate 298 is pivotally mounted onto headstock 202 by pin 301 is arranged such that when the cross bar 292 of the telescopic portion is pressed down thereon, the plate 248 deflects towards the excavator such that pin 300 depresses hydraulic fluid flow valve 302, thereby permitting hydraulic fluid to flow through outlet 303.
- This arrangement is illustrated schematically in Fig. 11, and is provided as a safety device to prevent operation of the apparatus unless it is in contact with the attachment.
- arm 230 is pivotally mounted on axle 228 along with wheels 250a.
- a further pair of wheels 250b are rotatably mounted to the opposite end of the housing by an axle 284.
- a hydraulic motor, gear and drive shaft arrangement are mounted to the free end of the arm 230 in a similar manner to that described in the second embodiment.
- the regulating means is again a single actuator comprising cylinder 206 and ram 206a, the cylinder being pivotally mounted to the housing 203 and the ram being pivotally mounted to arm 230 by pin 232.
- the actuator only has to counteract the self weight of the arm 230, it is of lower capacity than the actuators of the first two embodiments.
- Pin 232 is advantageously further held within a slotted portion of a tie plate 310. Tie plate 310 is in turn pivotally mounted to a lower portion of the headstock 202 by pin 312.
- Means to control the depth of cut is advantageously provided in the form of a quadrant 242 having a plurality of apertures 246 provided therein and being secured to housing 203 in a position visible to the operator of the apparatus.
- a pivoting portion may be releasably secured to a selected one of apertures 246 and has a protrusion past which pin 306 is prevented from moving, thereby limiting the arc through which headstock 202 may pivot, thus limiting the possible depth of the cut.
- Fig. 9 the apparatus is shown in operation. In use, the operator exerts downward pressure on the pressure plate 298 in a direction X thereby opening hydraulic valve
- One advantage of the apparatus of the third embodiment is that the operator is not required to maintain the lower end of the dipper arm at a constant height relative to the surface to be cut whilst simultaneously drawing the apparatus towards the excavator due to the telescopic portion of the apparatus. This is an operation which is difficult for inexperienced excavator operators to successfully achieve.
- the apparatus of third embodiment also enables the excavator operator to reposition the excavator without having to manually detach the apparatus from the dipper arm or reposition the blade 105 in the cuts already made, thus allowing long runs of cuts to be made relatively rapidly. It is envisaged that an automatic coiling arrangement for the hydraulic line connecting the apparatus to the host machine may be provided to enable such repositioning to be safely achieved. It would also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the pressure pad and valve arrangement provides a safety cut-out for the hydraulic circuit that stops the operation of the apparatus when the telescopic portion is lifted from the apparatus. It will be understood that numerous changes may be made within the scope of the present invention.
- the apparatus may be adapted for use on air or water powered tools.
- the arrangement of the motor and apparatus may be varied both in their physical position on the apparatus and their locations within the hydraulic circuit, and the actuator may be replaced by those of a nonlinear type.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Sawing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01940800A EP1296808A1 (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2001-06-21 | Fluid powered cutting apparatus with cutting load control |
AU2001274296A AU2001274296A1 (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2001-06-21 | Fluid powered cutting apparatus with cutting load control |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0015074A GB0015074D0 (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2000-06-21 | Hydraulic cutting attachment |
GB0015074.8 | 2000-06-21 | ||
GB0101531.2 | 2001-01-22 | ||
GB0101531A GB2363747A (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2001-01-22 | Control of fluid powered cutting apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001098045A1 true WO2001098045A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
Family
ID=26244514
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2001/002745 WO2001098045A1 (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2001-06-21 | Fluid powered cutting apparatus with cutting load control |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1296808A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001274296A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001098045A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003061899A1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-07-31 | Ward John D | Auto feed system for compressed propellant tools and pressure compensating valve therefore |
US9039098B2 (en) | 2013-01-17 | 2015-05-26 | Safety Technologies, Inc. | Skid steer slab cutting attachment |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3752022A (en) * | 1970-07-24 | 1973-08-14 | Demurger & Cie Ets | Sawing method and machine |
US3877180A (en) * | 1973-11-12 | 1975-04-15 | Univ Carnegie Mellon | Drive systems for a grinding wheel |
US4662684A (en) * | 1979-12-13 | 1987-05-05 | H. B. Zachery Corporation | Rotary rock and trench cutting saw |
US4748966A (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1988-06-07 | Ralph Kennedy | Self-regulating concrete cutting saw |
US4778304A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-10-18 | Diamond Tech, Inc. | Pavement joint reworking apparatus |
US4848845A (en) * | 1988-03-16 | 1989-07-18 | Ampsco Corporation | Steerable self-regulating concrete cutting saw |
WO1994004763A1 (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-03-03 | Automac Equipment Limited | Trench cutting assemblies |
WO1998009041A1 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | Komatsu Ltd. | Cutting device |
-
2001
- 2001-06-21 WO PCT/GB2001/002745 patent/WO2001098045A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-06-21 AU AU2001274296A patent/AU2001274296A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-21 EP EP01940800A patent/EP1296808A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3752022A (en) * | 1970-07-24 | 1973-08-14 | Demurger & Cie Ets | Sawing method and machine |
US3877180A (en) * | 1973-11-12 | 1975-04-15 | Univ Carnegie Mellon | Drive systems for a grinding wheel |
US4662684A (en) * | 1979-12-13 | 1987-05-05 | H. B. Zachery Corporation | Rotary rock and trench cutting saw |
US4748966A (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1988-06-07 | Ralph Kennedy | Self-regulating concrete cutting saw |
US4778304A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-10-18 | Diamond Tech, Inc. | Pavement joint reworking apparatus |
US4848845A (en) * | 1988-03-16 | 1989-07-18 | Ampsco Corporation | Steerable self-regulating concrete cutting saw |
WO1994004763A1 (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-03-03 | Automac Equipment Limited | Trench cutting assemblies |
WO1998009041A1 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | Komatsu Ltd. | Cutting device |
US6286905B1 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 2001-09-11 | Komatsu Ltd. | Cutting device with vertical and horizontal movement |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003061899A1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-07-31 | Ward John D | Auto feed system for compressed propellant tools and pressure compensating valve therefore |
US6709315B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2004-03-23 | John D. Ward | Auto feed system for compressed propellant tools and pressure compensating valve therefore |
US9039098B2 (en) | 2013-01-17 | 2015-05-26 | Safety Technologies, Inc. | Skid steer slab cutting attachment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1296808A1 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
AU2001274296A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
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