WO2001086088A1 - Procede de formation d'une ame pour element de structure - Google Patents

Procede de formation d'une ame pour element de structure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001086088A1
WO2001086088A1 PCT/AU2001/000529 AU0100529W WO0186088A1 WO 2001086088 A1 WO2001086088 A1 WO 2001086088A1 AU 0100529 W AU0100529 W AU 0100529W WO 0186088 A1 WO0186088 A1 WO 0186088A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
web
flange
notches
flange section
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2001/000529
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alan Gordon Taylor
Original Assignee
AL KARIM CONTRACTING (Australia) PTY LTD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AUPQ7386A external-priority patent/AUPQ738600A0/en
Priority claimed from AUPQ7387A external-priority patent/AUPQ738700A0/en
Application filed by AL KARIM CONTRACTING (Australia) PTY LTD filed Critical AL KARIM CONTRACTING (Australia) PTY LTD
Priority to AU2001258030A priority Critical patent/AU2001258030A1/en
Publication of WO2001086088A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001086088A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E04C3/07—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E04C3/09—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0421—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section comprising one single unitary part
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/043—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the hollow cross-section comprising at least one enclosed cavity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0439—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the cross-section comprising open parts and hollow parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/046—L- or T-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0465—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0473—U- or C-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0482—Z- or S-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to structural members, and more particularly to web and flange sections for use in structural members.
  • the invention has been developed primarily for use in structural beams, joists and purlins as well as other girder type products such as trusses, posts and girts.
  • the invention will therefore be described primarily in the context of structural members of this type, particularly for use in the building and construction industry. It will be appreciated, however, that the invention is not limited to this particular field of use, and is potentially applicable to any situation where a structural member is required, mcluding componentry for general machinery.
  • Structural beams, joists, purlins and the like are well known. They have been manufactured over the years using a wide range of materials, and a variety of manufacturing techniques. All of these offer some advantages in particular applications, but are also subject to significant inherent limitations. Some of the more common forms of prior art are discussed below.
  • Milling timber has the advantage of being comparatively inexpensive for smaller section product.
  • the timber can shrink, twist, warp, bow, cup, bend and rot.
  • it cannot be exposed to the elements for any length of time or these problems will be exacerbated. It is therefore generally not sufficiently durable for external use.
  • I-beams, joists and purlins from a combination of clear grain, kiln dried structural soft wood flanges or chords, in conjunction with webs formed f om particle board, oriented strand board, or plywood.
  • Such composite timber beams are dimensionally stronger and will span greater distances than milled sections for a given profile. They are also more stable than milled timber beams. For these reasons, these products have captured a significant section of the joist and beam market in western economies.
  • these advantages possess a number of associated problems. These include the fact that they are more expensive than milled timbers. They can rot. They cannot be exposed to the weather for prolonged periods because of their propensity for rapid deterioration.
  • Composite timber beams are also not typically supplied with service holes and ducts, while the locations in which such cavities can be incorporated are limited and their formation again compromises structural integrity.
  • these products can still rot and can therefore not be exposed to the elements for any significant length of time. They remain vulnerable to pest infestation and fire, will deteriorate over time, subject to the general climatic conditions, and are therefore still not ideally suitable for external use. Moreover, because they make use of high grade timber, the cost is again susceptible to the disproportionate growth in the cost of milled timber.
  • Steel section beams, joists and purlins are also known. In one fabrication technique, these are cold rolled from bright or galvanised mild or high tensile steel coil, and typically formed into either "C" or "Z" section profiles. These products are comparatively low cost and easy to manufacture in the case of small profiles and they can provide relatively high span characteristics. However, they are also subject to a number of limitations. Firstly, the process is uneconomic as a means of producing larger structural members. Also, the sections even in smaller sizes cannot be easily cut. Yet, because they are high volume, low margin products, it is usually uneconomic to supply them in custom lengths. They are generally also not supplied with service holes or cavities, which are difficult to cut on site and can substantially compromise structural strength.
  • Another known variation involves the manufacture of steel I-beams, joists and purlins by cold roll forming mild or high tensile bright steel coil, into welded I-beam profiles.
  • These products tend to have relatively high span characteristics, but again include a number of limitations. Firstly, they are comparatively expensive to manufacture because of the welding process, and are particularly costly for small profiles because of the relative amount of welding involved. They are also costly in the case of very large profiles, because of the amount of steel used. They cannot easily be cut to length, and are not generally supplied with service cavities or holes which are difficult to cut on site and can reduce structural strength. In some circumstances, sheeting and cladding can be nail fixed. However, the products are still not as "user friendly" as timber. Furthermore, when welded from bright steel, a post manufacturing coating is required for external use, which adds significantly to the overall cost.
  • Extruded steel beams can carry high loads, but also have a number of inherent drawbacks. Firstly, they are extremely expensive for general use and are also extremely heavy. They are therefore really only suitable for major portal frames and structural beams. They are generally only supplied in standard lengths and it is even more expensive to cut them, or have them supplied in custom lengths. They are again not supplied with service holes and cutting such holes adds significantly to the cost, while reducing strength.
  • the material is particularly "unfriendly" to work with, especially where other materials are required to be fixed to it. These products also need to be coated post-production for external use and in any event, they are prone to rusting over time.
  • the invention provides a method of forming a web for use in a structural member, said method comprising the steps of forming a strip of sheet material, forming a series of notches along longitudinal edges of the strip and thereby defining generally transverse fold lines adjacent the respective notches, and folding the strip to predetermine degrees along the respective fold lines, thereby to form a web adapted for use in the structural member.
  • the web is alternately folded in opposite directions to form a "zigzag" configuration, when viewed in plan.
  • the sheet material is drawn progressively from a coil or roll, and the method includes the further step of cutting the sheet material to preselected lengths.
  • the sheet material is steel, and most preferably galvanised or zincalume coated steel.
  • the steel is preferably of a high tensile composition, so as to be nailable with greater strength and rigidity.
  • each fold line is defined by a pair of opposing notches extending inwardly from corresponding positions on opposite sides of the strip. In other embodiments, however, the notches may be offset to produce non-orthogonal angled folds, or other desired shapes or configurations of webbing. It will also be appreciated that a fold line may be formed by a single notch.
  • the notches are "sheer notches”, formed by removal of a narrow strip of material, to create a square ended fold, with overlapping side walls.
  • the notches are "wedge notches”, formed by removal of a generally V-shaped section of material to form a mitre ended fold, with abutting side walls. It will be appreciated, however, that other shaped notches, and combinations of notches of different shapes, may also be used to achieve the desired bending and folding characteristics, and the desired final shape.
  • the method includes the further step of folding or roll forming the strip longitudinally to form a channel section.
  • the channel section is generally U-shaped.
  • the sheet material is folded longitudinally to form a channel section which is generally C-shaped in profile, having a base, parallel side walls extending upwardly from the base, and top flanges returning inwardly from the upper edges of the respective side walls, in mutually opposing coplanar relationship.
  • the notches are preferably V-shaped, and preferably extend downwardly through the respective side walls, terminating at the point of intersection with the base.
  • the invention provides a flange section including a generally U- shaped channel section, and at least one substantially enclosed box section disposed on one side or both sides of the channel section.
  • the flange section is adapted for use as a top or bottom flange or chord, in conjunction with a web, optionally formed in accordance with the method as previously defined, to form a composite structural member.
  • the flange section is press or roll formed from light gauge sheet metal, and is optionally galvanised or zincalume coated.
  • the section is preferably formed so as to be nailable.
  • the flange section is formed from a relatively high tensile steel.
  • the channel is generally square in cross-sectional profile.
  • the box section is preferably also generally square in cross-sectional profile.
  • the box section is fully enclosed by joining overlapping portions of the sheet material.
  • the overlapping portions of sheet material are joined by stitching. That is to say, the material is preferably joined by intermittent fastening along a length of the section.
  • the stitching is preferably achieved by crimping, clinching, punching, swaging, folding, stapling, welding, gluing, riveting, screw fastening or bolting, or by some combination of these methods. It will be appreciated, however, that subject to overall strength requirements and other design parameters, such overlapping and fastening techniques need not be used, and the box section need not be fully closed.
  • the flange section includes a pair of box sections, disposed on either side of the U-shaped channel.
  • the channel is configured nestingly to receive the top or bottom of a web manufactured in accordance with the method previously described, such that the flange section forms a top or bottom flange or chord of a composite structural member.
  • the invention provides a composite I-beam, with top and bottom flanges or chords formed from flange sections as described above, and a web formed in accordance with the method previously described.
  • the flanges are secured to the web using nails, pins, screws, bolts or rivets, positioned such that the points are enclosed within the respective box sections. Nails are most preferably used.
  • the flange sections and the web are each formed from sheet metal fed continuously from rolls or coils.
  • One particularly preferred production technique involves simultaneous feeding from three coils, two for the respective top and bottom flanges, and one for the web. These coils preferably feed simultaneously into a single roll forming machine for high speed continuous delivery of complementary top flange, web and bottom flange components for a composite structural beam, joist or purlin, in an optimum configuration for rapid assembly.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view showing a strip of sheet metal, incorporating preformed notches for use in the formation of a web, in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the strip of Figure 1, folded or roll formed longitudinally into a straight C-shaped web section in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the section of Figure 2, folded along lines defined by the preformed notches, to form a web according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figures 4 to 6 show a sequence of views corresponding to Figures 1 to 3 respectively, for a web according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Figures 7 to 9 show a corresponding sequence, for a web according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 10A is a cross-sectional view showing a first form of flange section folded from sheet material according to a further aspect of the invention
  • Figure 10B shows a flange section with the same overall profile as the section of
  • Figure 10 A but formed by a different sequence and orientation of folds
  • Figures 11 A and 1 IB show a second form of flange, similar to that shown in Figures 10A and 10B, but with the box sections stitched closed;
  • Figures 12 A and 12B correspond to Figures 10A and 10B, but show a third form of flange
  • Figures 13A and 13B correspond to Figures 11 A and 1 IB, but show a fourth form of flange section;
  • Figures 14A to 14H show a further series of flange profiles, with differently shaped box sections;
  • Figure 15 is a front elevation showing a web joined to top and bottom flanges by nail fastening to form a composite structural beam, joist or purlin according to the invention;
  • Figure 16 is an enlarged cutaway section from Figure 15 showing the joint between the web and the bottom flange in more detail;
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 17-17 of Figure 16, showing the location and configuration of the nail fasteners in more detail;
  • Figure 18 is similar to Figure 17, but shows an alternative single sided box section profile for the bottom flange
  • Figure 19 is similar to Figure 16, but shows the configuration of the joint between the web and the top flange with the web hinged in the opposite direction;
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 20-20 of Figure 19;
  • Figure 21 is similar to Figure 20, but shows an alternative single sided box section profile for the top flange which is similar to that of Figure 18;
  • Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view showing an alternative application for a flange section according to the invention, for use independently as a framing member to which sheet material can be fastened by nailing;
  • Figure 23 shows a variation on Figure 22, using a double sided box section profile.
  • the invention provides a method of forming a web 1 ( Figure 3) for use in a structural member 2, such as abeam, joist, purlin or truss (see Figure 15).
  • the method includes the initial steps of forming a strip 3 of sheet material, preferably galvanised high tensile steel. In a production environment this would typically be drawn progressively from a coil or roll and cut to length, for example by guillotining.
  • the method then involves forming a series of notches 4 along the longitudinal edges 5 of the strip to define generally transverse fold lines 6 (shown in ghost) adjacent the respective notches.
  • each fold line is defined by a pair of opposing V-shaped notches extending inwardly from corresponding positions on opposite sides of the strip. It will be apparent, however, that in other embodiments the notches may be shaped differently, and may be offset to produce angled folds. It will also be appreciated that the fold lines may be formed by single notches. Additional checkouts 7 and other cutouts may also be formed in the strip by punching, cutting or other suitable means, to facilitate subsequent folding and assembly as described more fully below.
  • the next step in the process involves folding or roll forming the notched strip 3 longitudinally into a channel section 8, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the channel section has a generally C-shaped cross-sectional profile, comprising a base 10, parallel side walls 11 extending upwardly from the base, and top flanges 12 returning inwardly from the upper edges of the respective side walls, in mutually opposing generally coplanar relationship.
  • the inner edges 13 of the channel flanges 12 are turned downwardly so that potentially sharp edges or burrs are not exposed and the flanges 12 are also strengthened.
  • the channel section 8 is successively bent in alternate directions, along the fold lines 6 to form the web 1 which is generally of a "zigzag" configuration, as best seen in Figure 3.
  • the V-notches 4 are configured such that in the inward folds 15, the side walls on either side of each notch abut to form a mitre ended joint.
  • the side walls adjacent each V-notch are splayed apart by 180° to form an open joint.
  • the side walls adjacent the V-notches are permitted to overlap as shown in ghost, by virtue of the checkouts 7 in the channel flanges 12 (see Figures 1 and 2).
  • Figures 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the invention wherein like features are denoted by corresponding reference numerals.
  • This sequence proceeds from a notched strip 3 ( Figure 4) to a corresponding channel section 8 ( Figure 5) and finally a folded web 1 ( Figure 6).
  • the notches are not V or wedged shaped, but are rather “sheer” notches, formed by removal of a narrow strip of material.
  • Notches of this type can be used to form square ended joins, with overlapping side walls in the case of the inward folds 15. In this case, the absence of inwardly turned top flanges on the section obviates the need for additional checkouts to permit the side walls to overlap.
  • FIGS 7 to 9 show a third embodiment of the invention, where again like features are denoted by corresponding reference numerals.
  • sheer notches similar to those of the previously described embodiment are used.
  • these notches 4 are offset and the channel section 8 is asymmetrical, which results in the web section 1 shown in Figure 9.
  • a web manufactured in this way can be used in conjunction with a top flange and a bottom flange to form a composite structural member such as a beam, joist, purlin, rafter, truss, or the like.
  • the top and bottom flanges may be typically but not exclusively manufactured from any roll formed sheet or coil metal. The most suitable materials, sizes, thicknesses and configurations can be selected according to the applicable design parameters, cost constraints, intended applications, and the like.
  • structural members incorporating web sections according to the invention are more user friendly because they are relatively light weight, dimensionally accurate, nailable, easy to manufacture in custom lengths, easy to cut to length on site, and easy to assemble.
  • Significant advantages in terms of both dimensional accuracy and ease of assembly arise by virtue of the fact that each straight section of the web channel remains integrally connected to the adjacent sections through the intermediate fold lines.
  • the web sections also inherently provide convenient access for building services including pipe work, electrical cabling, data cabling, air conditioning ducting and the like, without the time and expense involved in cutting dedicated access holes on site and without compromising structural integrity.
  • the invention provides a particular type of flange section 20 for use as a top or bottom flange or chord, in conjunction with a web manufactured in accordance with the method previously described.
  • the flange section 20 according to a first embodiment of this further aspect of the invention includes an open generally square U-shaped channel section 22, and a substantially closed generally square box section 24 disposed on one side of the open channel.
  • the flange section 20 is conveniently press or roll formed from light gauge sheet metal and again is preferably galvanised or zincalume coated.
  • the sheet metal is preferably a relatively high tensile steel so as to provide a stronger joint when nail fastened, as described more fully below.
  • Figure 10B shows a flange section 20 with the same overall profile as the section of Figure 10A, but formed by a different sequence and configuration of longitudinal folds.
  • FIGS 11A and 1 IB show further forms of flange, similar to those shown in Figures 10A and 10B respectively, but with the box sections fully enclosed by the joining of overlapping portions of the sheet material along a join line or seam 25.
  • the overlapping portions of sheet material are ideally joined by stitching, in the sense that the material is joined by a mechanism of involving intermediate fastening along the length of the seam.
  • Such stitching may be achieved by crimping, clinching, punching, swaging, folding, stapling, welding, gluing, riveting, nailing, screwing, bolting, by some combination of these methods, or by other suitable means.
  • This has the advantage of fully enclosing the box section 24 and increasing the strength of the section. In particular, torsional rigidity and buckling strength are substantially enhanced.
  • Figures 12A and 12B show further forms of flange section 20. These are similar to the sections shown in Figures 10A and 10B respectively, but are symmetrical, inco orating a pair of the box sections 24, disposed on either side of the open square channel section 22.
  • Figures 13 A and 13B are similar to Figures 11A and 1 IB respectively, in the sense that overlapping portions of sheet metal are stitched along seam lines 25 such that the respective box sections are fully enclosed.
  • FIG. 14A to 14H Further variations are shown in Figures 14A to 14H, wherein the box sections are configured slightly differently, using an increased number of longitudinal fold lines, to provide particular bending strength, torsional stiffness, and deflection characteristics. Countless other variations are also contemplated.
  • Figures 15 and 16 show, by way of example, the web 1 of Figure 3, joined to top and bottom flanges 26 and 27, formed from the flange section 20 shown in Figure 13A to form the composite I-beam 2.
  • Figure 17 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line 17-17 of Figure 16. With reference to Figure 17, it will be seen that each bottom apex 28 of the web is nestingly received and located within the complementary square channel section 22, formed in the bottom flange 27. These components are conveniently fastened together using nails 29, from one side only if necessary, which permits rapid assembly with minimal skill and effort.
  • the formation of the web and flange from steel sheet or coil or other suitable material ensures adequate pull out strength and advantageously, the point 30 of each nail 29 is conveniently and safely concealed within a respective one of the box sections 24.
  • Figure 18 shows an alternative arrangement, using a single sided box section profile for the bottom flange 27, and correspondingly shorter nails. Otherwise, the assembly process and the principles of operation are substantially the same.
  • Figures 19 to 21 show a similar sequence of views in relation to the method of fastening the top flange 26 to the upper apices of the web, again using nails. It will be appreciated that this assembly process is far quicker, easier and less expensive than other fastening methods, including screw fastening, and obviates the need for any final finishing step because the nail points are inherently concealed.
  • the flange sections and the web may be formed by a production technique involving the simultaneous feeding of sheet metal from three coils or rolls, two for the respective top and bottom flanges, and one for the web.
  • This technique may be embodied such that the three coils feed simultaneously into a single roll forming machine, for high speed continuous delivery of complementary top flange, web and bottom flange components for a composite structural beam, joist or purlin.
  • these components can readily be cut to preselected lengths as part of an automated production process and delivered in an optimum configuration to permit rapid assembly whether as a subsequent integrated process step, in an intermediate location, or on site.
  • This result can be achieved efficiently and cost effectively because the web and flange profiles are essentially manufactured in the same way, from the same material, at the same time, from the same machine. They can therefore be delivered for rapid assembly, as the three components of a finished product of predetermined size and configuration.
  • the flange sections 20 may be used independently as framing members 35 such as studs, plates, sills, heads, noggins, rafters and the like, as shown in Figures 22 and 23.
  • the flange sections are not combined with a web to form composite structural beams. Rather, the flanges are used as self contained framing members to which sheet material such as plasterboard 36 can be fastened by nailing, with the nail points again being conveniently concealed within the channels 22 or box sections 24.
  • the strength of the profile allows light gauge steel to be used in such applications. This lowers material and manufacturing costs, and at the same time makes plaster fixing relatively easy with standard "needle point" gypsum screws.
  • the flange sections can also be used as webs, and more generally as componentry for structural framing and partitioning.
  • the invention in its various aspects thus provides an integrated, flexible system of componentry which can be designed and used in a variety of ways to form a multiplicity of structural framing members including beams, joists, purlins, trusses, frame studs, plates, sills, heads, noggins, rafters, trimmers and other componentry.
  • the flexibility, adaptability, and interchangeability of the components of the system maximises design options, while streamlining manufacturing as well as inventory and stock control.
  • the components can be nail fixed from one side only, with the nail points safely concealed, making the system particularly convenient, efficient and user friendly in a variety of domestic, commercial and industrial applications.
  • the system is not susceptible to pest infestation, and will not burn, rot, twist, warp, cut, bow or bend either as supplied or with exposure to the elements.
  • the product has a long service life and when appropriately treated by galvanising or zincalume coating, will not rust. Accordingly, it is eminently suitable for external use. It thus compares favourably with the prior art in terms of strength, useability, durability, flexibility and cost.
  • the system can be manufactured from roll or coil stock smelted from recycled steel, thereby reducing the depletion of natural mineral resources. Moreover, as a replacement product for timber, it can reduce the depletion of old growth forests as well as minimise the need for establishment of stagnant, monocultural environments created by agroforestry plantations. In all these respects, the invention represents a practical, commercial, and environmentally significant improvement over the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un premier aspect, l'invention concerne un procédé de formation d'une âme (1) destinée à être utilisée dans un élément (2) de structure, ledit procédé consistant à former une bande de matériau (3) du type feuille, à former une série d'encoches (4) sur les bords longitudinaux (5) de ladite bande, ce qui revient à définir des lignes de pliage généralement transversales adjacentes à chacune des encoches (4), et à plier la bande selon des degrés prédéterminés le long de chacune des lignes (6) de pliage, de manière à former une âme (1) conçue pour être utilisée dans l'élément (2) de structure. Selon un deuxième aspect, l'invention concerne une section aile comprenant une section canal généralement en forme de U, et au moins une section boîte sensiblement fermée disposée sur l'un des côtés de la section canal, la section aile étant conçue pour être utilisée comme élément de structure ou comme partie de celui-ci. Selon un troisième aspect, l'invention concerne une poutre composite, comprenant une aile ou membrure supérieure ou inférieure formée à partir d'une section aile selon l'invention, et une âme formée conformément au procédé selon l'invention.
PCT/AU2001/000529 2000-05-09 2001-05-09 Procede de formation d'une ame pour element de structure WO2001086088A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001258030A AU2001258030A1 (en) 2000-05-09 2001-05-09 A method of forming a web for a structural member

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPQ7386A AUPQ738600A0 (en) 2000-05-09 2000-05-09 A method of forming a web for a structural member
AUPQ7386 2000-05-09
AUPQ7387A AUPQ738700A0 (en) 2000-05-09 2000-05-09 Method and section for manufacturing structural members
AUPQ7387 2000-05-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001086088A1 true WO2001086088A1 (fr) 2001-11-15

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PCT/AU2001/000529 WO2001086088A1 (fr) 2000-05-09 2001-05-09 Procede de formation d'une ame pour element de structure

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WO (1) WO2001086088A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2865667A1 (fr) * 2004-01-29 2005-08-05 Clerc Ind Procede de fabrication d'un element metallique a profil constant. element issu du procede
WO2006074439A2 (fr) * 2005-01-07 2006-07-13 Differential Solutions, Inc. Systemes de fermes et procedes
CN100449089C (zh) * 2003-11-18 2009-01-07 株式会社Ssc合人 钢材的安装方法及使用于其中的唇槽形钢及固定配件

Citations (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2289694A1 (fr) * 1974-10-31 1976-05-28 Est Profiles Tubes Poutrelle metallique a enceintes tubulaires et procede pour la fabrication de ladite poutrelle
US3961738A (en) * 1973-04-11 1976-06-08 C-O, Inc. Apparatus for making truss members
GB1468266A (en) * 1975-05-15 1977-03-23 Pratt J Construction arrangements for building and the like structures
AU1202576A (en) * 1975-09-18 1977-09-22 Hebblethwaite J E Truss
EP0318450A1 (fr) * 1987-11-25 1989-05-31 Skanska Aktiebolag Elément pour la construction d'âmes réticulées pour poutres et éléments structuraux similaires, et méthode de fabrication d'un tel élément
CA2134367A1 (fr) * 1994-10-26 1996-04-27 Calvin Alexander Stonehouse Poutre de metal manufacturee
AU1473397A (en) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-04 David John Bell Hollow flange structural element
WO1998009035A1 (fr) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-05 Bhp Steel (Jla) Pty. Ltd. Goujon empilable en forme de caisse
WO1998059128A1 (fr) * 1997-06-25 1998-12-30 Eco-Beam Technologies (Proprietary) Limited Composants porteurs et procede de construction
WO1999014451A1 (fr) * 1997-09-16 1999-03-25 Tube Technology Pty. Ltd. Section a bride creuse

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3961738A (en) * 1973-04-11 1976-06-08 C-O, Inc. Apparatus for making truss members
FR2289694A1 (fr) * 1974-10-31 1976-05-28 Est Profiles Tubes Poutrelle metallique a enceintes tubulaires et procede pour la fabrication de ladite poutrelle
GB1468266A (en) * 1975-05-15 1977-03-23 Pratt J Construction arrangements for building and the like structures
AU1202576A (en) * 1975-09-18 1977-09-22 Hebblethwaite J E Truss
EP0318450A1 (fr) * 1987-11-25 1989-05-31 Skanska Aktiebolag Elément pour la construction d'âmes réticulées pour poutres et éléments structuraux similaires, et méthode de fabrication d'un tel élément
CA2134367A1 (fr) * 1994-10-26 1996-04-27 Calvin Alexander Stonehouse Poutre de metal manufacturee
AU1473397A (en) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-04 David John Bell Hollow flange structural element
WO1998009035A1 (fr) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-05 Bhp Steel (Jla) Pty. Ltd. Goujon empilable en forme de caisse
WO1998059128A1 (fr) * 1997-06-25 1998-12-30 Eco-Beam Technologies (Proprietary) Limited Composants porteurs et procede de construction
WO1999014451A1 (fr) * 1997-09-16 1999-03-25 Tube Technology Pty. Ltd. Section a bride creuse

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100449089C (zh) * 2003-11-18 2009-01-07 株式会社Ssc合人 钢材的安装方法及使用于其中的唇槽形钢及固定配件
FR2865667A1 (fr) * 2004-01-29 2005-08-05 Clerc Ind Procede de fabrication d'un element metallique a profil constant. element issu du procede
WO2006074439A2 (fr) * 2005-01-07 2006-07-13 Differential Solutions, Inc. Systemes de fermes et procedes
WO2006074439A3 (fr) * 2005-01-07 2007-10-11 Differential Solutions Inc Systemes de fermes et procedes

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