WO2001081681A1

WO2001081681A1 - Overflow barrier

Info

Publication number: WO2001081681A1
Application number: PCT/SE2001/000910
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sten-Magnus Kullberg
Original assignee: Kullberg Sten Magnus
Priority date: 2000-04-27
Filing date: 2001-04-27
Publication date: 2001-11-01
Also published as: SE0001539L; SE523055C2; SE0001539D0; AU2001252828A1

Abstract

Overflow barrier with two possible levels constituted of load pallets that are inclined 45° and prefabricated supports of metal sheet profiles, which supports, when they are not used, can be folded together. In a first barrier level only a smaller essentially triangularly shaped support is used against which a load pallet per support is inclined, but displaced so that two adjacent load pallets are received in U-shaped inclined sheet metal profile that however does not extend as far as load pallet. When a higher level is desired an additional rear support is mounted on to the already existing support, the rear support gripping with an upper U-shaped metal sheet profile around the corresponding profile of the lower support and likewise receive the footplanks of two adjacent load pallets. The low barrier level can thus be increased even if the lower one is already in use.

Description

Overflow barrier

In order to limit the damages at overflows it is well known to build barriers. Permanent barriers are however very costly and in many case difficult or impossible to arranges in for instance cities and villages all around separate houses. In extreme case also banks may turn out to be insufficient. There is thus need for provisional or temporary barriers against overflows. The most known solution is sandbags but as realized this solution is normally not conductible but for very short stretches since the volume and the weight of the sandbags otherwise becomes to large.

Since furthermore the ground not always is parallel to the water surface at an overflow different heights will be needed for the required barrier. Furthermore it might sometimes be so that in a first phase it is sufficient with a lower barrier that however in due time has to be made higher. At this one can however consider already from the beginning to make a high barrier but this will also mean a great amount of time per meter barrier with the risk that the entirely length will not be ready in time. In view of the above problems there exist a need of a quick and to a reasonable cost buildable barrier that can have its height increased. This problem is solved with the method that is defined in patent claim 1 and at that this a device in accordance with the patent claim 6 can be used. Further advantageous varieties and embodiments respectively of the invention are apparent from the subclaim as well as from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention. At this Fig 1 shows a first step in the building of a water barrier and fig 2 a second step in the building in accordance with the invention seen in a cross section, fig 2 to 4 details in the device shown in fig 1 and 2, fig 5 a second variety of how an addition can be carried out, and fig 6 a additional variety of a super structure.

By at the method according to the invention first build a first lower barrier level this can swiftly be built of long distances in order to prevent or limit overflow. If the water then continues to rise also the building of the barrier continues to the double height, which thus can be carried out even if the barrier is already in use as a dam. In this way one has more time for the building of the higher barrier level at the same time as optimal time can be used for level 1. Since the support for building of level 1 are comparatively small they become small and light and may consequently be applied very quickly.

Since the length of the struts in the support for the elevated second level is large, they must in order to cope with the strains be comparatively sturdy dimensioned, which result in a high weight. Since the support is divided in a lower and an upper part also the support device of the second level of the barrier becomes considerably more manageable than otherwise would be the case. The separating in two supports also enables the lower support with its short strut to be made lighter in its entirety, despite the fact that it at the high increased barrier level must take a pressure that is larger than that exerted on the upper load pallet and thereby on the support on this. Through the separating in two parts also the possibility is obtained with more adaption to the ground, as well as to movements and dislocations of the support depthwise as well has laterally, for instance under the pressure of the water masses. This flexibility increase the possibility of load adaption and load distribution and hereby lessens the risk for the dam to be broken. The overflow barrier in Fig 1 includes a first load pallet 1 that rests on a support 2 constituted of sheet metal profiles. The support 2 includes a bottom part 3 provided with a multitude of holes stamped downwards with collars provided with teeth to secure a good grip in the ground. If so wished or required of course the holes can be used for the driving of tent pins or the like down into the ground for an improved grip. An inclined U-shaped upper part 4 is articulatedly arranged at the front edge of the sheet metal profile 3 and an additional strut 5 is arranged articulated in the upper part and lockable to the lower part making a strong triangle. The upper part or the metal sheet profile 4 has such a width that the footplanks 27 of two adjacent load pallets 1 can be received in the channel that the profile constitutes. In the lower end a stop flange 6 is arranged. All the parts of the support are pivotally articulated to each other and have different width dimensions so that the support can be folded for transport and storage. Since the flanges grip over the adjacent footplanks 27 of close till each other placed load pallet 1 a good and somewhat flexible connection is obtained lengthwise of the barrier. The flexibility in the load pallets secure that point loads do not brake the barrier but instead this can yield somewhat and distribute the load. On the load pallet is then applied a membrane or tarpaulin that extends a distance in front of the barrier and that is preferably held in place by means of sandbags, stones, or something like that a distance out from the barrier. The reason for the barrier membrane to extend so far out under the water is that otherwise leaking or through the water percolating water may result in erosion of the earth below the membrane which could undermine the ground under the barrier. The membrane is in its upper end for instance folded over the upper edge of the load pallet and nailed or fastened with staples directly in the row of load pallets.

The second support 7 of an upper row of load pallets is likewise built of U-shaped metal sheet profiles with different widths dimensions so that they can be folded and placed in each other at transport and storage. The second support 7 is constituted by a bottom part 8 to which is articulated a first front strut 9, that in its upper end is fastened to an upper part 10 in which also a second rear strut 11 i articulated. The second strut 11 is fixable to the lower part 8 by means of a bar 14 that is inserted through holes 12 in both parts. Since there are several holes 12 in the lower part the angle between the upper part and the bottom part can be varied. Also here the bottom part is provided with stamped collars to improve the grip in the ground. If the ground is hard and even also special rubber blocks can be inserted.

Instead of letting the bar 14 in the lower end of the rear strut 11 pass through this the bar can be used as a stop for a sliding movement of the strut along the bottom part. Furthermore a draw connection is arranged between the ground parts of the first and second supports respectively 8, this also in the shape of a metal sheet profile 13. This metal sheet profile is also fastened by means of bars 14 going all the way through the ground parts 3 and 8.

The upper metal sheet profiles 4 and 10 respectively for the first and second supports are held together partly by a band 15 partly by bar 14 arranged in the front end of the upper part 10 of the second support so that it can grip over the upper part of the first support as well as over the footplanks 27 of the load pallets that stand in the upper part 4 of the first support. (See fig 3).

At the mounting of the barrier in accordance with the invention the first supports 1 are unfolded and load pallets are arranged between these with their footplanks 27 in the upper part or profile 4.

At the applying of the support 7 for the upper row of load pallets the second support 7 is in a more or less uplifted position pushed forward until its front end grips under and around the pallet supporting upper profile part 4 in the first support 1 and therein standing footplanks (se fig 2). When this is done the upper sheet metal profile 10 of the rear support 7 can be lift up to contact against the downwards extending footplanks of the lower row of load pallets and in this position the lower end of the rear strut 11 is fixed in relation to the profile 8 in contact with the ground and a band 15 locks the upper part of the second support and relation to the footplanks 27 and the upper part 4 of the first support. (Se fig 4). Furthermore a bar 14 is arranged that grips over the upper part 4 of the first support and the footplanks 27 of two pallets in the first row of pallets.

The bottom parts of the two supports that are in contacts with the ground are then connected with each other by means of a bridging part 13 that is providing with a large number of holes (for bars 14) to allow adjustment possibilities depending in particular on the inclination of the ground and the thereof resulting angle between the first and second support. Before the upper row of load pallets are put in place a laterally connecting part 19 is pushed down between the supports. This part has the shape that is shown in fig 4 and is essentially constituted by two in each other telescoping U-shaped metal sheet profiles 20 and 21. In the ends the webs of the sheet metal profiles 20 and 21 are folded 90° then to be folded back again so that the support can be hooked over the edge of the upper part (sheet metal profile) 10 of the rear support 7. The lateral connection 19 is applied above the lower load pallet and this load pallet is then pushed and lifted somewhat in towards the water, that is up from the first support so that the laterally connecting part can be pushed down until it is halfway below the upper edge of the lower load pallet. The up-flangeing from the web of this lateral connection is so made that the rivet or bolt connection holding the first strut and the upper part of the rear support can be past with one half. The lateral connection 19 will support the upper end of the lower load pallet also in the middle (the foot plank in the middle) so that the load pallet despite the considerable extra pressure that will be subjected to when the water rise not will be broken. Also the upper load pallet rests in its lower end of on the cross connection where it may be subjected to the same pressure (almost).

The Bars 14 that are used for the mutual locking of the different parts in the support may have the shape of straight bars with crosswise holes for the insertion of locking pins but one can also consider more sophisticated bars with built in locking devices, possibly in the shape of snap type that by themselves lock after the insertion, but that then may be released at the demounting, possible even with particular tools, this since there are more time available at the demounting. Locking may either be in the front end or in a head end.

In some cases it may turn out that one only needs a few centimeters or a decimeters higher barrier than what is obtained by means of the above device either in the variety with two load pallets on each other or the variety with only one load pallet. In this case the device shown in fig 5 can be used. It is quite simply constituted of a number of downwards turned forks 22 that are pushed on to the upper end of the load pallets then to receive in an upwards directed fork 23 a plank 24 that is inserted. Preferably this fork is angled 45° (or has an angle of 135°) so that the plank end up essentially vertical. The application of this plank can also be used for the fixing of the membrane that may quite simply be wound around the plank before this is inserted. Through the shown look of the mounting forks nor these nor the plank will be in the way of an upper load pallet row if it should be mounted on the lower row of load pallets. It is in other words possible to mount an upper row of load pallets even if the plank previously has been mounted on the lower row of load pallets.

At this variety where thus a plank going along the barrier is arranged a distance down on the barrier this will also provide a certain wave attenuation at the barrier, which in some cases may be desirable.

If the barrier has to be increased with more than one plank but not an entire pallet one can consider the variety shown in fig 6. It is quite simply constituted of a number of extension pieces 60 that are pushed on to the upper end of the load pallet then to receive with an upwards directed angled part 63 an inserted first longitudinal planks 62. Above the plank held by the angled part three additional planks may be placed and nailed or screwed by means of holes in the profile. The extension parts essentially have U-shape with such a depth that they turned upside down can grip over two of the planks 28 on the upper side of the pallets. Lateral flanges 64 are arranged to define the degree of mounting movement and in the lower end the lateral flanges of the extension are higher so that they extend below the planks enabling the insertion of bars through holes 66 in these flanges 65. By the arranging by several holes on different distances to the bottom of the U-profile an adaption to differently thick planks 28 can take place. With a stepped bottom in the profile adaption is possible to different types of pallets.

The membranes that are then used to cover the upper row of load pallets is joined in an optional of manner to the membrane already covering the lower row of pallets, for instance by means of tacking it to the lower low pallet or plank or by means of self adhesive tape or other conceivable fastening means directly in a first lower membrane. One can also consider that the same membrane is used to cover both rows of load pallets. The use of planks lengthwise also has the advantage that the barrier becomes stronger since it is joined together in the length direction.

If so desired one can in certain cases consider the first and second support remaining joined together between the opportunities of used. In this way time for coupling them together is gained but instead the support device becomes heavier.

Claims

C L A I M S

1. Method for the building of a dam or barrier, in particular for water, characterized in that first a lower part is built constituted by prefabricated first supports, against these inclined load pallets and a membrane or a tarpaulin extending over the load pallet and a distance in under the water that is to be dammed and that this lower part is extended with a second row of load pallets that connects to the first row and that are supported by a second type of a prefabricated supports.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second support of the second row of load pallets in its front edge is fastened to the load pallets and an upper part of the first support in the first row whereafter the second support is pivoted up until it is essentially in line with the lower load pallet with is support and is fixed in this position.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at the adding on to the dam with a second row of load pallets a lateral connection is arranged between adjacent supports in level with the joint between upper and lower load pallets and that this support its pushed down under the upper edge of the lower load pallet possibly by a slight lifting of this in its upper edge.

4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support of the lower row of load pallets and the support of the upper row of load pallets respectively are connected to each other.

5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the upper edge of the barrier extension parts are mounted that are pushed on to the upper edge of the load pallets and that then a plank is mounted from above so that an increase in height is achieved, which plank at the same time may be used for the holding of the upper edge of the membrane.

6. Support for the execution of the method in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that it is constituted by a first ground part intended to be in contact with the ground, a first support articulated to the ground part and extending up to an upper part intended to be in contact with an upper row of load pallets, at with the strut and this second part are pivotably fastened to each other, and that an additional rear strut is arranged articulated to the upper pallet supporting part and in the lower end is fixable to the bottom part of the second support at a number of different locations along this enabling an adaption to the inclination of the ground.

7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper pallet receiving part essentially is U-shaped for the reception of the legs of two adjacent pallets and that the shaped profile extends downwards so that it can grip around the legs of load pallets for a lower load pallet and means in the shape of for instance a bar can be inserted through a holes in the flanges of the profile so that the profile grips over the footplank of the loader load pallets and/or the pallets supporting part of the lower support.

8. Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a connecting part its arranged in connection with a lower ground part as connection between this and a ground part of the second support, which connection is adjustable lengthwise and for instance can be constituted of an U-profile with holes in the flanges through which bars can be inserted, which bars at the same time are inserted into holes in the ground part.

9. Device according to any of the claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the supports are connected latterly by a telescopic lateral connecting part that can be hooked into the upper load pallet carrying part and extend between adjacent parts in order to support the middle of the load pallets, the upper end of the lower pallet as well as the lower end of the upper pallet.

10. Device according to any of the claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the parts of the support are constituted by U-profiles when different with dimensions so that they at transport can be folded together and put into each other, at which the articulated connections when needed can be constituted by rivet or bolt connections or the like between the profiles.

11. Method according to claim 1 , characterized in that an U-profile is mounted on one or several of the planks on the upper side of the load pallet and are fixed by the insertion of a cross wise extending bar throw holes in ears on the profile below the above mentioned planks, the profile extends over the edge of the pallet and a horizontal plank is pushed down under a retaining tab on the U-profile, whereafter one or several planks are arranged over the plank in contact with the profile, to which they are screwed, whereafter a sealing membrane is arranged over the lengthwise extending planks.