WO2001056930A1 - Particules d'oxyde ultrafines a cristal mixte, procede de production et utilisation - Google Patents
Particules d'oxyde ultrafines a cristal mixte, procede de production et utilisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001056930A1 WO2001056930A1 PCT/JP2001/000743 JP0100743W WO0156930A1 WO 2001056930 A1 WO2001056930 A1 WO 2001056930A1 JP 0100743 W JP0100743 W JP 0100743W WO 0156930 A1 WO0156930 A1 WO 0156930A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mixed crystal
- ultrafine
- crystal oxide
- gas
- mixed
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/003—Titanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/14—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/20—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by oxidation of elements in the gaseous state; by oxidation or hydrolysis of compounds in the gaseous state
- C01B13/22—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by oxidation of elements in the gaseous state; by oxidation or hydrolysis of compounds in the gaseous state of halides or oxyhalides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/30—Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide by thermal decomposition or by hydrolysis or oxidation of aluminium compounds
- C01F7/302—Hydrolysis or oxidation of gaseous aluminium compounds in the gaseous phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
- C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
- C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
- C09C1/3653—Treatment with inorganic compounds
- C09C1/3661—Coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
- C09C1/407—Aluminium oxides or hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
- C09D17/004—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints containing an inorganic pigment
- C09D17/007—Metal oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide obtained by a gas phase method and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, to a titanium, silicon, and aluminum chloride, bromide, and iodide having an arbitrary composition ratio selected from a plurality of kinds.
- the present invention relates to an ultrafine mixed crystal oxide having a mixed crystal state using a mixture as a raw material, a method for producing the same, and use thereof.
- ultrafine titanium oxide has been studied in a wide variety of fields, including ultraviolet shielding materials, additives to silicone rubber, and photocatalytic applications. Attention has been paid to antifouling, sterilizing, and deodorizing applications. Behind this is the fact that ultrafine titanium oxide has excellent safety, processability, functionality, and durability.
- the definition of ultrafine particles has not been clear so far, but is generally called for fine particles having a primary particle diameter of about 0.1 m or less. Titanium oxide is attracting attention for its specific functions, such as scattering and absorption of ultraviolet rays. In particular, ultrafine titanium oxide preferably has these two functions.
- ultrafine titanium oxide having a primary particle size of about 80 nm has a function of effectively scattering ultraviolet light, and also effectively absorbs and excites ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 400 nm or less. It is known that electrons, holes, or holes are generated near the surface to exhibit a photocatalytic property for performing antifouling, sterilization, and deodorization.
- titanium oxide having such a function when titanium oxide having such a function is actually used for cosmetics, electrons and holes generated by photoexcitation react with oxygen and water in the air. It generates various kinds of radicals and decomposes organic matter in the air. Therefore, it may be inappropriate if some surface treatment (coating) is not performed.
- Titanium oxide is also commonly used as a high-performance attractant material.
- titanium oxide is subjected to a solid-phase reaction with barium carbonate at a temperature of about 1,200 ° C to produce dielectric barium titanate.
- barium carbonate decomposes at about 7 0 0 ° C to produce ions highly B A_ ⁇ , which is titanium samba potassium diffuses dissolved into T I_ ⁇ 2 particles with covalent Generate.
- the particle size of the barium titanate are determined by the crystallite size of the T I_ ⁇ 2 during the reaction, the crystallinity of the titanium oxide as a raw material, the particle diameter or the like is important. Ultra-fine particles of barium titanate have been demanded in order to increase the dielectric constant and reduce the size of ceramic capacitors, and ultra-fine particles of titanium oxide as a raw material have been desired.
- titanium oxide having a particle size of 0.1 / im or less has a problem that the grain growth is remarkable near the above reaction temperature of 700 ° C. and does not contribute much to the ultra-fine formation of barium titanate. Ultra-fine titanium oxide suitable for the application is desired.
- silica-titania reacts with an oxidizing gas containing oxygen using a mixed vapor of silicon halide and titanium halide at a temperature of 900 ° C. or more.
- a method for producing composite fine powder is known (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-115190). In this method, the mixed vapor of the raw materials is reacted at a high temperature of 900 ° C. or more without preheating, and the resulting composite particles always have a crystalline Ti 2 It has a structure in which particles are precipitated.
- registration No. 2503370 (European Patent No. 595078) states that titanium oxide is produced by a flame hydrolysis method using a chloride as a raw material (reaction temperature is 1000 ° C. to 3000 ° C.). It is disclosed that a mixed oxide of aluminum oxide and silicon monoxide can be produced. For the flame is hydrolysis method, which generates is A 1 2 ⁇ 3 ZT i 0 2 mixed-oxide or S i 0 2 ZT i 0 2 mixed oxide.
- Japanese Patent No. 2533067 (European Patent No. 585544) discloses the production of mixed oxides of aluminum oxide and silicon monoxide by flame hydrolysis.
- a method for producing a metal oxide or a mixed metal oxide by a vapor phase production method or a flame hydrolysis method of a metal oxide is already known, but generally, a reaction temperature, a gas flow rate, a cooling rate, and the like are used. The process of particle growth of products that are greatly affected by is not well understood. Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to provide a simple method for producing a surface-modified ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide and an ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide by the method in view of the use of the ultrafine particle metal oxide. .
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies in view of the prior art, and have found that at least different metal elements selected from the group consisting of titanium, silicon (included in the present invention as metal elements) and aluminum chloride, bromide and iodide.
- a gas mixture containing at least one or more kinds of compounds (collectively referred to as “mixed metal octylogenated gas”) and an oxidizing gas are each preheated to 500 ° C. or more, and then reacted to obtain a BET specific surface area of 10%. It found that that can ultrafine mixed crystal oxide containing primary particles of a mixed crystal state produced in ⁇ 2 0 O m 2 Z g, and solve the problem.
- a metal halide is oxidized at a high temperature with an oxidizing gas
- a mixed gas (mixed metal halide gas) containing two or more compounds having different elements, Metal gas and oxidizing gas are preheated to 500 ° C or more, respectively, and then reacted to produce ultrafine particle oxides with a BET specific surface area of 10 to 200 m 2 Zg and containing mixed primary particles.
- the mixed metal halide gas is mixed in gaseous form after evaporating at least two or more compounds having different metal elements selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide and iodide of titanium, silicon and aluminum.
- the reaction is carried out by supplying a mixed metal halide gas and an oxidizing gas, each preheated to 500 ° C or more, to the reaction tube at a flow rate of 10 m / sec or more, respectively.
- Manufacturing method of crystalline oxide
- the mixed metal halide gas and the oxidizing gas are The method for producing an ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide according to the above 1 or 4, wherein the method is supplied into the reaction tube, and the inner diameter of the inner tube of the coaxial parallel flow nozzle is 5 Omm or less.
- the ultrafine particle mixture according to the above item 11 which has a BET specific surface area of 10 to 200 m 2 Zg and contains a mixed crystal in which a titanium-oxygen-silicon bond is present in primary particles.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide according to the above item 11 which has a BET specific surface area of 10 to 200 m 2 Zg, and includes a mixed crystal in which a titanium-oxygen-aluminum bond is present in primary particles.
- the BET specific surface area reduction rate after heating for 1 hour is 10% or less
- An ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide composition comprising the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide according to any one of the above items 11 to 17,
- An organic polymer composition comprising:
- FIG. 1 shows a reaction tube provided with a coaxial parallel flow nozzle suitably used in the present invention. It is an outline schematic diagram of an example. Detailed description of the invention
- the present invention relates to a gas phase production method for producing a metal oxide by oxidizing a metal halide at a high temperature with an oxidizing gas, wherein the metal halide is titanium, silicon or aluminum chloride, bromide or iodide.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide, which is characterized by producing an ultrafine particle oxide having a BET specific surface area of 10 to 200 m 2 Zg and containing mixed primary particles.
- the mixed metal halide gas contains at least two or more compounds having different metal elements selected from the group consisting of titanium, silicon, and aluminum chlorides, bromides, and iodides. It is preferable to use a mixed metal halide gas which is supplied to the reaction tube as a form in which one kind of the metal halide is vaporized alone and then mixed in gaseous form.
- oxidizing gas oxygen or steam or a mixed gas containing these is used.
- the titanium, silicon, and aluminum chlorides, bromides, and iodides used in the present invention are not limited, and any metal halide that can generate the metal halide gas when preheated to at least 500 ° C. or higher is used. Good.
- T i C l 4, T i B r 4, S i C l 4, A 1 C 1 3 is particularly preferred.
- each of the mixed metal halide gas and the oxidizing gas to the reaction tube at a flow rate of 10 mZ seconds or more, preferably at a flow rate of 3 OmZ seconds or more. It is preferable to react these gases so that the time during which the gas stays and reacts under high temperature conditions (hereinafter, also referred to as “high-temperature residence time”) is within 1 second.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the particle growth mechanism in the gas phase method.
- the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) mechanism and the coalescence and sintering growth mechanism by particle collision are considered.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- the pre-heating temperature is raised to increase the chemical reactivity (reaction rate), so that the oxide growth can be suppressed.
- reaction rate chemical reactivity
- growth by sintering etc. can be suppressed by performing cooling and dilution etc. immediately after CVD is completed and minimizing the high-temperature residence time.
- the flow rate when introducing the mixed metal halide gas and the oxidizing gas into the reaction tube is preferably 1 Om / sec or more. This is because increasing the flow velocity promotes the mixing of the two gases.
- Gas introduction temperature to the reaction tube is 50 When the temperature is o ° c or more, the reaction is completed simultaneously with the mixing, so that the generation of uniform nuclei is promoted, and the zone in which the grown particles controlled by CVD are formed can be shortened.
- the raw material gas it is preferable to introduce the raw material gas into the reaction tube so that the gas introduced into the reaction tube is sufficiently mixed.
- the fluid state of the gas in the reaction tube is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, a fluid state in which turbulence occurs. Also, a swirl flow may exist.
- the flow rate of the gas supplied into the reaction tube in order to completely mix the gas is preferably high in the reaction tube, particularly preferably 5 mZ seconds or more at an average flow speed. If the gas flow rate in the reaction tube is 5 mZ seconds or more, mixing in the reaction tube can be sufficiently performed.
- a nozzle that provides a coaxial parallel flow, oblique alternating current, cross flow, or the like is employed, but is not limited thereto.
- a coaxial parallel flow nozzle is inferior in mixing degree as compared with a nozzle providing oblique current or cross flow, but is preferably used in design because of its simple structure.
- a gas containing chloride is introduced into the inner tube, and an oxidizing gas is introduced into the outer tube.
- the inner tube diameter is 50 mm or less, preferably 50 mm to 1 mm from the viewpoint of gas mixing.
- This reaction in the reaction tube is exothermic, and the reaction temperature is higher than the sintering temperature of the produced ultrafine titanium oxide particles. Although there is heat radiation from the reactor, the produced fine particles progress to sintering and become grown particles unless quenched after the reaction. In the present invention, it is preferable that the residence time at a high temperature exceeding 600 ° C. in the reaction tube is 1 second or less, followed by rapid cooling.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a reaction tube provided with a coaxial parallel flow nozzle used for producing the ultrafine mixed crystal oxide of the present invention.
- the mixed metal halide gas is preheated to a predetermined temperature by the preheater 2 and introduced into the reaction tube 3 from the inner tube of the coaxial parallel flow nozzle 1.
- the oxidizing gas is preheated to a predetermined temperature by the preheater 2 and introduced into the reaction tube 3 from the outer tube of the coaxial parallel flow nozzle 1. After the gases introduced into the reaction tube are mixed and reacted, they are quenched by a cooling gas, and then sent to a bag filter 4 to collect ultrafine mixed crystal oxides.
- the mixed metal halide gas used as a raw material is used in 100% by volume of the mixed metal halide gas or preferably diluted with an inert gas to be 10% by volume or more and less than 100% by volume. More preferably, it can be added at not less than 20% by volume and less than 100% by volume. If a gas having a mixed metal halide gas concentration (total concentration of the metal halide gas) of 10% by volume or more is used as a raw material, uniform nuclei are generated more frequently or the reactivity is increased.
- the inert gas a gas that does not react with the mixed metal halide and that is not oxidized should be selected.
- preferable diluent gases include nitrogen, argon and the like.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide of the present invention has a BET specific surface area of 10 to 20 OmVg, and in the present production method, the mixed metal halide gas as a raw material contains at least two elements containing titanium and silicon.
- the above compound is used, an ultrafine mixed crystal oxide in a mixed crystal state in which a titanium-oxygen-silicon bond is present in the generated primary particles is obtained.
- the average primary particle diameter of the ultrafine mixed crystal oxide is 0.008 II! 00.1 m, preferably 0.015 x m to 0.1 m.
- the ultrafine mixed oxide containing a titanium-oxygen-silicon bond Is 800 ° (: BET specific surface area decreased after heating for 1 hour It has the characteristic that the ratio is 10% or less.
- the ultrafine mixed crystal oxide of the present invention when two or more compounds containing at least the elements of titanium and aluminum are used as the mixed metal halide gas of the raw material, titanium-oxygen is contained in the primary particles.
- An ultrafine mixed crystal oxide in a mixed crystal state in which aluminum bonds exist is obtained.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide containing a titanium-oxygen-aluminum bond has a feature that the BET specific surface area reduction rate after heating at 800 ° C. for 1 hour is 10% or less.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide of the present invention when two or more compounds containing at least the elements of aluminum and silicon are used as the mixed metal halide gas of the raw material, aluminum-oxygen is contained in the primary particles.
- An ultrafine mixed crystal oxide in a mixed crystal state in which silicon bonds exist is obtained.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide containing an aluminum-oxygen-silicon bond has a characteristic that the BET specific surface area reduction rate after heating at 800 ° (: 1 hour is 10% or less.
- the ultrafine mixed crystal oxide for example, a titanium-oxygen-silicon bond in a primary particle
- the ultrafine mixed crystal oxide contains 98% glycerin.
- an ultrafine mixed crystal state in which the various bonds of the present invention are present in which the various bonds of the present invention are present.
- the mixed crystal oxide of particles when the chlorine content is A (%) and the specific surface area is 8 (m 2 / g), it is preferable that AZ B is 0.001 or less.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide obtained by the production method of the present invention may preferably have a core (nucleus) Z shell (shell) structure by a different metal oxide crystal structure.
- a core (nucleus) Z shell (shell) structure by a different metal oxide crystal structure.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide of the present invention can be used for pigments and dielectric materials, or as an additive for various composition products such as cosmetics, clothing, ultraviolet shielding agents, abrasives, silicone rubber and paper.
- a silicon mixed crystal oxide or a titanium mixed crystal oxide containing titanium can reduce or amplify the photocatalytic activity of titanium oxide alone, and can be used as a photocatalyst powder having a controlled photocatalytic effect.
- the aqueous slurry of the present invention refers to an aqueous dispersion containing an ultrafine mixed crystal oxide.
- the content ratio of the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide in the slurry is not particularly limited, and is, for example, preferably in the range of 0.01% by mass to 50% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 1% by mass to 40% by mass. If the content of the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide is less than 0.01% by mass, sufficient performance of the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide cannot be obtained after coating. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50% by mass, not only problems such as thickening occur but also it is economically disadvantageous.
- a binder is arbitrarily added to this aqueous dispersion (slurry) to form a coating agent, which is applied to the surface of various structures described below to obtain a structure having an ultrafine mixed crystal oxide on the surface.
- the body can be manufactured.
- the binder material is not limited, and may be an organic binder or an inorganic binder. Specific examples of such an organic binder include polyvinyl alcohol, melamine resin, urethane resin, celluloid, chitin, starch sheet, polyacrylamide, acrylamide and the like.
- the inorganic binder include zirconium oxychloride, Silicon compounds such as zirconium oxychloride, zirconium nitrate, zirconium sulfate, zirconium acetate, ammonium zirconium carbonate, zirconium propionate, silicon compounds such as alkoxide silanes and silicates, or aluminum titanium Metal alkoxide and the like can be mentioned.
- the amount of the binder added in the coating agent is, for example, preferably in the range of 0.01% by mass to 20% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 1% by mass to 10% by mass. If the content of the binder is less than 0.01% by mass, it will not have sufficient adhesiveness after coating, and if it exceeds 20% by mass, not only the problem of thickening will occur but also it will be economically disadvantageous. Become.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide of the present invention can be used as a composition by adding it to an organic polymer.
- the organic polymer that can be used include a synthetic thermoplastic resin, a synthetic thermosetting resin, and a natural resin.
- Specific examples of such organic polymers include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene; polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 66, and aramide; polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, unsaturated polyester, and polyvinyl chloride.
- Polyvinylidene chloride polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, silicone resin, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetal resin, polyacetate, ABS resin, epoxy resin, vinyl acetate resin, cellulose and rayon and other cellulose derivatives, urethane resin, polyurethane resin, polycarbonate Monocarbonate resin, urea resin, fluororesin, polyvinylidene fluoride, phenol resin, celluloid, chitin, starch sheet, acrylic resin, melamine m, Such as Rukido resin and the like.
- organic polymer compositions containing the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide of the present invention can be used in the form of paints (coating compositions), compounds, masterbatches and the like.
- concentration of the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide in the organic polymer composition is 0.01 to 80% by mass, preferably 1 to 50% by mass, based on the total mass of the composition.
- a molded article is obtained by molding the polymer composition.
- Can be Molded articles of such a composition include fibers, films, plastic molded articles and the like.
- the organic polymer composition of the present invention has excellent durability, it can be used as a coating composition for structures such as wall materials, glass, signboards, and concrete for road construction. Even if it is applied to structures (organic substances) such as paper, plastic, cloth, wood, or vehicles, the coating film will not be degraded and destroyed.
- the BET specific surface area reduction rate after heating is adopted as an index.
- BET specific surface area reduction rate ⁇ 1-(B2ZB1) ⁇ XI 00 (%) It is judged that the smaller the BET specific surface area reduction rate, the better the sintering resistance. ⁇ Evaluation of photoactivity>
- the decrease rate of the dye absorbance upon irradiation with ultraviolet rays is used as an index.
- the dispersion was placed in a quartz glass cell, and a BLB lamp (ultraviolet lamp) of 1.65 mW / cm 2 was used. Irradiate with UV light. Measure the absorbance at 490 nm at regular intervals, and determine the rate of decrease (AOD, unit / hr). It is determined that the smaller the AOD, the more the photoactivity is suppressed.
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- a gas mixture of 8Nm 3 Z-hour oxygen and 20 Nm 3 / hour steam was preheated to 1,000 ° C, respectively.
- the flow rate was 49 mZ seconds, respectively. It was introduced into the reaction tube at 6 OmZ seconds.
- the reaction was carried out using a reaction tube as shown in Fig. 1, the inner diameter of the coaxial parallel flow nozzle was 20 mm, and a gas containing mixed metal halide was introduced into the inner tube.
- the inner diameter of the reaction tube was 100 mm, and the flow rate in the tube at a reaction temperature of 1,300 ° C was a calculated value of 1 OmZ second. After the reaction, cooling air was introduced into the reaction tube so that the high-temperature residence time in the reaction tube was 0.3 seconds or less, and then ultrafine powder produced using a Teflon bagfill Yuichi was collected. After that, it was heated in an oven under an air atmosphere at 500 ° C for 1 hour to perform a dechlorination treatment.
- the resulting ultrafine mixed crystal oxide has a BET specific surface area of 88 m 2 Zg, an average true specific gravity of 3.7 gZc c, an average primary particle diameter of 0.018 xm, and chlorine of 0.01%. Binding was observed.
- AOD photoactivity
- ⁇ BET specific surface area reduction rate after 1 hour at 800 ° C
- AZB chlorine and BET specific surface
- Example 2 The photoactivity (hereinafter referred to as AOD) is 0.1 lZhr, the BET specific surface area reduction rate after 1 hour at 800 ° C (hereinafter referred to as ⁇ ) is 2%, and the chlorine and BET specific surface
- the product ratio (hereinafter referred to as AZB) was 0.0001.
- the inner diameter of the reaction tube was 1 O Omm, and the calculated flow rate in the tube at a reaction temperature of 1,200 ° C was 1 OmZ seconds.
- cooling air was introduced into the reaction tube so that the high-temperature residence time in the reaction tube was 0.3 seconds or less, and then ultrafine powder produced using a Teflon bagfill Yuichi was collected. After that, it was heated in an oven under an air atmosphere at 500 ° C for 1 hour to perform a dechlorination treatment.
- the obtained ultrafine mixed crystal oxide has a BET specific surface area of 48 m 2 / g, an average true specific gravity of 3.9 gZc, an average primary particle diameter of 0.032 / zm, and a chlorine content of 0.1%. — Aluminum bonding was observed.
- a ⁇ D was 1.2Zhr, ⁇ was 5%, and AZB was 0.002.
- the inner diameter of the reaction tube was 100 mm, and the flow rate in the tube at a reaction temperature of 1,200 ° C. was a calculated value of 1 lmZ second.
- cooling air was introduced into the reaction tube so that the high-temperature residence time in the reaction tube was 0.3 seconds or less, and then ultrafine powder produced using a Teflon bagfill Yuichi was collected. After that, it was heated in an oven under an air atmosphere at 500 ° C for 1 hour to perform a dechlorination treatment.
- the obtained ultrafine mixed crystal oxide has a BET specific surface area of 120 m 2 Zg, an average true specific gravity of 3.5 g / cc, an average primary particle diameter of 0.014 ⁇ m, and chlorine of 0.004%. —Aluminum bonding was observed.
- the reaction was performed using a reaction tube as shown in Fig. 1, the inner diameter of the coaxial parallel flow nozzle was 2 Omm, and a gas containing a metal halide was introduced into the inner tube.
- the inner diameter of the reaction tube was 10 Omm, and the flow velocity in the tube at a reaction temperature of 1,200 ° C was a calculated value of 12 mZ seconds.
- cooling air was introduced into the reaction tube so that the high-temperature residence time in the reaction tube was 0.3 seconds or less, and then ultrafine powder produced using a Teflon bagfill Yuichi was collected. After that, it was heated in an oven under an air atmosphere at 500 ° C for 1 hour to perform a dechlorination treatment.
- the obtained ultrafine particle oxide had a BET specific surface area of 5 lm 2 Zg, an average true specific gravity of 4.0 g Zc c, an average primary particle size of 0.029 tm, and a chlorine content of 0.4%.
- a ⁇ D was 21 / hr, ⁇ was 62%, and A / B was 0.007. This has a higher photoactivity than that of Example 2 and is easily sintered. A lot of chlorine remains. Comparative Example 2:
- the gas containing gaseous aluminum trichloride 8.3 nm 3 Z time and nitrogen 20 Nm 3 Z time 1,000 ° C after mixing, the 8 Nm 3 Z times of oxygen and 20 Nm 3 Z mixture gas of time water vapor 1 000 ° C, and introduced into the reaction tube at a flow rate of 107 mZ seconds and 6 OmZ seconds, respectively, using coaxial parallel flow nozzles.
- the reaction was carried out using a reaction tube as shown in Fig. 1, the inner diameter of the coaxial parallel flow nozzle was 2 Omm, and a gas containing a metal halide was introduced into the inner tube.
- the inner diameter of the reaction tube was 10 Omm, and the flow velocity in the tube at a reaction temperature of 1,200 ° C was a calculated value of 12 m / sec.
- cooling air was introduced into the reaction tube so that the high-temperature residence time in the reaction tube was 0.3 seconds or less, and then ultrafine powder produced using a Teflon bagfill Yuichi was collected. After that, it was heated in an oven under an air atmosphere at 500 ° C for 1 hour to perform a dechlorination treatment.
- the obtained ultrafine particle oxide had a BET specific surface area of 115 m 2 Zg, an average true specific gravity of 3.7 g / cc, an average primary particle diameter of 0.014 xm, and 0.5% of chlorine. 8 was 7%, and A / B was 0.004.
- Example 4 This is easier to sinter than Example 3, and a large amount of chlorine remains.
- Example 4 This is easier to sinter than Example 3, and a large amount of chlorine remains.
- Pure water was added to the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide having a bond of titanium, oxygen and silicon of Example 1 to prepare a slurry so as to be 0.5% by mass in terms of powder.
- a water-dispersed urethane resin (VONDIC1040NS, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) was added to this slurry so that the urethane resin content was 70% by mass based on the powder.
- a coating agent containing powder and urethane resin was obtained.
- the obtained coating agent was applied to one side of a 100 / xm polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (Lumilar T, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) over a 25-m apriquet overnight. After drying at 80 ° C for 2 hours, a polyethylene terephthalate film carrying ultrafine mixed crystal oxides was obtained.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the resulting polyethylene terephthalate film was measured for transmittance using a spectrophotometer (UV-2400PC, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the transmittance at 360 nm was 1%, and the transmittance at 550 nm was 1%.
- the rate was 89%.
- the mixed metal halide is Each of the contained gas and oxidizing gas Pre-heated to o ° C or higher, and reacted to form ultra-fine particles with excellent dispersibility, a BET specific surface area of 10 to 200 m 2 Zg, and ultra-fine mixed crystals containing primary particles in a mixed crystal state An oxide can be obtained.
- the ultrafine particle mixed crystal oxide of the present invention can suppress or adjust, for example, photoactivity and sinterability, and can significantly reduce residual chlorine. Also, the unraveling process is unnecessary or requires very small equipment, and can be produced very easily. This is useful as a method for producing ultrafine metal oxides useful for various industrial applications.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2001230571A AU2001230571A1 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-02-02 | Ultrafine mixed-crystal oxide particles, process for producing the same, and use |
EP01902739.0A EP1256550B1 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-02-02 | Process for producing ultrafine mixed-crystal oxide particles |
JP2001556785A JP3743715B2 (ja) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-02-02 | 超微粒子混晶酸化物、その製造方法及び用途 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000032829 | 2000-02-04 | ||
JP2000-032829 | 2000-02-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001056930A1 true WO2001056930A1 (fr) | 2001-08-09 |
Family
ID=18557381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2001/000743 WO2001056930A1 (fr) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-02-02 | Particules d'oxyde ultrafines a cristal mixte, procede de production et utilisation |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1256550B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3743715B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100661841B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100347091C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2001230571A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI272251B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001056930A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005097608A (ja) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-04-14 | Showa Denko Kk | ポリオレフィンフィルムおよびその製造方法 |
JP2007537963A (ja) * | 2004-05-21 | 2007-12-27 | デグサ ゲーエムベーハー | 三元金属混合酸化物粉末 |
JP2011500490A (ja) * | 2007-10-16 | 2011-01-06 | エボニック デグサ ゲーエムベーハー | ケイ素−チタン混合酸化物粉末、その分散液、及びこれらから製造されるチタン含有ゼオライト |
EP2314375A1 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2011-04-27 | Showa Denko K.K. | Photocatlyst particles comprising a condensed phosphate |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE60137759D1 (de) * | 2000-04-25 | 2009-04-09 | Showa Denko Kk | Verfahren zur herstellung feiner, titandioxidhaltiger oxidkompositteilchen |
JP2004210586A (ja) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Showa Denko Kk | 嵩密度の高いチタニア−シリカ混晶粒子の製造方法と得られるチタニア−シリカ混晶粒子及びその用途 |
WO2004062799A1 (ja) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-07-29 | Showa Denko K.K. | 複合粒子およびその製造方法と用途 |
RU2444542C2 (ru) * | 2006-06-15 | 2012-03-10 | КРОДА ИНТЕРНЭШНЛ ПиЭлСи | Композиция, поглощающая уф-излучение |
KR101491779B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-16 | 2015-02-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 자기 치유성을 갖는 배리어 기판 및 이의 제조 방법 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5580721A (en) * | 1978-12-04 | 1980-06-18 | Du Pont | Oxidation of titanium tetrachloride |
WO1996000699A1 (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-11 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | PROCESS FOR PREPARING IMPROVED TiO2 BY SILICON HALIDE ADDITION |
US5599519A (en) * | 1992-08-10 | 1997-02-04 | Tioxide Group Services Limited | Oxidation of titanium tetrachloride to form titanium dioxide |
JPH10509687A (ja) * | 1994-12-06 | 1998-09-22 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドゥ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | 二酸化チタン法での煙道への流入口として改良された伸縮部の使用 |
JPH11509888A (ja) * | 1996-05-09 | 1999-08-31 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフトング | 小板状二酸化チタン顔料 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1207860A (en) * | 1966-12-14 | 1970-10-07 | Sir Soc Italiana Resine Spa | Process and apparatus for preparing metal oxides |
DE4228711A1 (de) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-03 | Degussa | Silicium-Aluminium-Mischoxid |
DE4235996A1 (de) * | 1992-10-24 | 1994-04-28 | Degussa | Flammenhydrolytisch hergestelltes Titandioxid-Mischoxid, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verwendung |
-
2001
- 2001-02-01 TW TW090102068A patent/TWI272251B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-02 AU AU2001230571A patent/AU2001230571A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-02 WO PCT/JP2001/000743 patent/WO2001056930A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2001-02-02 EP EP01902739.0A patent/EP1256550B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-02 JP JP2001556785A patent/JP3743715B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-02 KR KR1020027009487A patent/KR100661841B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-02 CN CNB018044956A patent/CN100347091C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5580721A (en) * | 1978-12-04 | 1980-06-18 | Du Pont | Oxidation of titanium tetrachloride |
US5599519A (en) * | 1992-08-10 | 1997-02-04 | Tioxide Group Services Limited | Oxidation of titanium tetrachloride to form titanium dioxide |
WO1996000699A1 (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-11 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | PROCESS FOR PREPARING IMPROVED TiO2 BY SILICON HALIDE ADDITION |
JPH10509687A (ja) * | 1994-12-06 | 1998-09-22 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドゥ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | 二酸化チタン法での煙道への流入口として改良された伸縮部の使用 |
JPH11509888A (ja) * | 1996-05-09 | 1999-08-31 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフトング | 小板状二酸化チタン顔料 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1256550A4 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2314375A1 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2011-04-27 | Showa Denko K.K. | Photocatlyst particles comprising a condensed phosphate |
EP2316568A1 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2011-05-04 | Showa Denko K.K. | Photocatlyst particles comprising a condensed phosphate |
JP2005097608A (ja) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-04-14 | Showa Denko Kk | ポリオレフィンフィルムおよびその製造方法 |
JP2007537963A (ja) * | 2004-05-21 | 2007-12-27 | デグサ ゲーエムベーハー | 三元金属混合酸化物粉末 |
JP2011500490A (ja) * | 2007-10-16 | 2011-01-06 | エボニック デグサ ゲーエムベーハー | ケイ素−チタン混合酸化物粉末、その分散液、及びこれらから製造されるチタン含有ゼオライト |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100347091C (zh) | 2007-11-07 |
TWI272251B (en) | 2007-02-01 |
EP1256550B1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
EP1256550A4 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
KR100661841B1 (ko) | 2006-12-27 |
CN1398240A (zh) | 2003-02-19 |
JP3743715B2 (ja) | 2006-02-08 |
AU2001230571A1 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
KR20020092939A (ko) | 2002-12-12 |
EP1256550A1 (en) | 2002-11-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7410690B2 (en) | Ultrafine mixed-crystal oxide, production process and use thereof | |
US7582156B2 (en) | Highly active photocatalyst particles, method of production therefor, and use thereof | |
US7276231B2 (en) | Lower-energy process for preparing passivated inorganic nanoparticles | |
King et al. | Atomic layer deposition of TiO2 films on particles in a fluidized bed reactor | |
JPWO2003053576A1 (ja) | 高活性光触媒粒子、その製造方法及びその用途 | |
US7378371B2 (en) | Highly active photocatalyst particles, method of production therefor, and use thereof | |
WO2004062799A1 (ja) | 複合粒子およびその製造方法と用途 | |
JP2000191325A (ja) | 二酸化チタンの小球状粒子から形成される球状二酸化チタン集合体およびその製造方法 | |
WO2001056930A1 (fr) | Particules d'oxyde ultrafines a cristal mixte, procede de production et utilisation | |
WO2001023305A1 (fr) | Oxyde de titane a particules fines et procede pour le produire | |
JP2004243307A (ja) | 高活性光触媒粒子およびその製造方法ならびにその用途 | |
JP2005272298A (ja) | 超微粒子混晶酸化物及びその用途 | |
JPH0159217B2 (ja) | ||
KR100681788B1 (ko) | 산화티탄함유 미립자형상 산화물 복합체의 제조방법 | |
JP4155750B2 (ja) | 高純度酸化チタンおよびその製造方法 | |
JPWO2004062799A1 (ja) | 複合粒子およびその製造方法と用途 | |
JP2008273832A (ja) | 高純度酸化チタンおよびその製造方法 | |
JP4812213B2 (ja) | 微粒子状酸化チタン及びその製造方法 | |
JP2003063815A (ja) | 複合酸化物およびその製造方法と用途 | |
JPH09137005A (ja) | 液体漂白剤容器用樹脂着色組成物 | |
JPH09137004A (ja) | 液体漂白剤容器用樹脂着色組成物 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2001 556785 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020027009487 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 018044956 Country of ref document: CN |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2001902739 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2001902739 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2001902739 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020027009487 Country of ref document: KR |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |