WO2001053846A1 - Power supply analyser - Google Patents

Power supply analyser Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001053846A1
WO2001053846A1 PCT/IB2001/000080 IB0100080W WO0153846A1 WO 2001053846 A1 WO2001053846 A1 WO 2001053846A1 IB 0100080 W IB0100080 W IB 0100080W WO 0153846 A1 WO0153846 A1 WO 0153846A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power supply
output
load
loads
analyser
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2001/000080
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Pieter Melt Brink
Original Assignee
Firstrand Bank Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Firstrand Bank Limited filed Critical Firstrand Bank Limited
Priority to AU2001226990A priority Critical patent/AU2001226990A1/en
Publication of WO2001053846A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001053846A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G01R19/2513—Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a power supply analyser which can be used to monitor the performance of electronic power supplies.
  • Sophisticated electronic and electromechanical equipment may have multiple power supplies which operate at different output voltages for operating the various electronic and electromechanical circuits of the equipment.
  • each output of the power supply is checked by measuring its output voltage, preferably in situ. Apart from being somewhat time consuming, such measurements provide relatively little information.
  • a power supply analyser comprises:
  • a plurality of variable loads connectable to respective ones of a plurality of outputs of a multiple-output power supply
  • At least one current sensor arranged to measure the current in each load and to generate respective current signals corresponding to the measured currents
  • At least one voltage sensor arranged to measure the output voltage at each output and to generate respective voltage signals corresponding to the measured voltages
  • control circuit arranged to vary the magnitude of each load according to predetermined criteria
  • a monitoring circuit responsive to the current and voltage signals to monitor the behaviour of the power supply while each output thereof is subjected to a varying load.
  • the control circuit is preferably a microprocessor based circuit arranged to select one of a plurality of different loads for connection to each output.
  • a light, medium and heavy load may be provided for each output, the actual magnitude of each load being related to the load rating of the respective output.
  • variable loads may be supplied in the form of one or more load modules which are removably connectable to the analyser.
  • the control circuit is arranged to apply lighter loads to each output before applying heavier loads thereto.
  • the control circuit may further be arranged to apply loads to respective outputs individually, before applying loads to a plurality of outputs simultaneously.
  • the monitoring circuit preferably includes at least one analogue to digital converter, and a software-controlled processor arranged to compare output waveforms of each output with stored reference values or waveforms.
  • the monitoring circuit may further be arranged to store data from each measurement cycle for comparison with subsequent measurements.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply analyser according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the functions carried out by the analyser of Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a simplified flowchart illustrating the main functions of the analyser.
  • FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic block diagram of the load control scheme of the analyser. DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT
  • FIG. 1 shows the main electronic components of a power supply analyser according to the invention.
  • the analyser is based on a microprocessor 10 which includes a main processor or CPU 12, read only memory (ROM) 14 and random access memory (RAM) 16 as well as a power-up reset circuit 18.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • Associated with the microprocessor 10 are a twenty character by four line liquid crystal display (LCD) module 20, an RS232 communications interface 22, an optional printer 24, optional external RAM 26, and a port expander interface 28.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • load control circuits 30, 32 and 34 Connected to the microprocessor 10 via the port expander interface 28 are three load control circuits 30, 32 and 34, which are arranged to control a set of variable light, medium and heavy loads 36, 38 and 40, respectively.
  • Associated with each control circuit 30, 32 and 34 is an illuminated load indicator 42, 44 or 46.
  • the indicators include green, orange and red LED's respectively, to indicate to an operator that a light, medium or heavy load has been selected.
  • a typical power supply intended to be monitored by the power supply analyser has six separate outputs, so that the analyser has a set of six current inputs 48 and six voltage inputs 50 for monitoring the current and output voltage of each output.
  • Each current input is measured by a differential current conversion interface 52, while each voltage input is measured by a radiometric voltage conversion interface 54.
  • the outputs of the respective interfaces 52 and 54 are fed to calibration circuits 56 and 58, the outputs of which are fed to a sixteen channel analogue to digital converter 60.
  • a sample rate clock generator 64 determines the sampling rate of the analogue to digital converter.
  • the digital output of the analogue to digital converter 60 is fed to a binary to binary coded decimal (BCD) converter 62, the outputs of which is fed to the microprocessor 10 via the port expander interface 28
  • BCD binary to binary coded decimal
  • an output 66 of a power supply under test has its output current and voltage measured by the respective current and voltage conversion interfaces 52 and 54
  • the light, medium and heavy loads 36, 38 and 40 are controlled by relay switches 68 and 70 (the light load 36 is connected directly to the power supply output and therefore does not have its own switch)
  • the relay switches 68 and 70 are controlled via an 8 bit bus 52, by the microprocessor 10
  • the data output from the current and voltage conversion interfaces 52 and 54 is fed back to the microprocessor (after A to D conversion and binary to BCD conversion) via an 8 or 12 bit data bus 74
  • the operation of the analyser can be summarised as follows Firstly, a relatively light load is applied to each individual power supply output Each output is monitored by comparing the output waveform with a stored reference waveform (or one or more reference values) for deviations from the expected performance Assuming that the monitored performance is within an acceptable range, the load on each output is increased and the process repeated until the maximum load for each output is reached
  • the data from the above procedure is output to a PC 66 via the RS232 interface 22 which is used to generate graphs or other graphic displays of the output waveforms for comparison and analysis Apart from this, the monitored values for output current and voltage are displayed on the LCD module 20
  • the data from a set of measurements can be stored in the RAM 16 or 26 for later downloading
  • the load switching scheme can be changed by the user as required.
  • the software for the microprocessor was written so that the analyser operates in the sequence set out below.
  • the analyser starts by applying one light load on a first supply rail (say, the -5V output). Current and voltage measurements are taken. The load is then removed and applied to the next supply rail (say, +5V) and measurements are taken again. Next, two light loads are applied, one to the -5V rail and one to the +5V rail and measurements are again taken. In the next step, both loads are removed and a light load is applied to the next supply rail (say, -12V) and measurements are taken. The procedure for the -5V and +5V rails is then repeated, at the end of which three loads are applied to the three outputs (ie. - 5V, +5V and -12V). All the loads are removed and the sequence is repeated for the fourth output (say, the +12V rail). And the process is repeated until all supply rails have been tested in combination and individually.
  • the loads can be purely resistive, or can combine resistive, capacitive and/or inductive components.
  • the loads will comprise series resistors of a value less than 0.1 ⁇ .
  • the power supply analyser can be built as a portable unit for use in the field, or can, for example, be combined with an adapter which allows it to be connected sequentially to a number of power supplies, typically for production testing. Power supplies under test do not have to be the same make or model as long as the necessary connections are available
  • the power supply analyser was able to take over eighteen thousand samples simultaneously in just under one hour Multiplied by the number of loading conditions that can be applied, a large amount of data can be obtained from the power supply under test
  • graphs are plotted for the six different measured voltages and currents for each power supply output
  • Corresponding graphs can also be plotted for the input AC current and voltage Input and output power can then also be calculated over a period of time, allowing the efficiency of the power supply to be determined and compared with a reference value
  • the user For a given power supply, the user enters 24 different threshold levels, which can be obtained from the power supply manufacturer or determined empirically After a test routine, the following data will typically be provided to the user
  • Vaverage xx ( for 6 readings )
  • Vpeak xx ( for 6 readings )
  • Vmin xx ( for 6 readings )
  • I peak xx ( for 6 readings )
  • I mm xx ( for 6 readings )
  • I max xx ( for six readings )
  • Number of times upper threshold level was exceeded xx ( for 12 readings )

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)

Abstract

A power supply analyser is designed to test a multiple-output power supply, such as those which power automatic teller machines (ATM's). A set of variable loads are provided for each output of the power supply, with current and voltage sensors for monitoring the performance of the power supply when supplying the loads. A control circuit varies the magnitude of each load according to a predetermined scheme, increasing the loads from light to heavy, while a monitoring circuit monitors the outputs of the current and voltage sensors and assesses the performance of the power supply.

Description

POWER SUPPLY ANALYSER
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
THIS invention relates to a power supply analyser which can be used to monitor the performance of electronic power supplies.
Sophisticated electronic and electromechanical equipment may have multiple power supplies which operate at different output voltages for operating the various electronic and electromechanical circuits of the equipment.
Traditionally, each output of the power supply is checked by measuring its output voltage, preferably in situ. Apart from being somewhat time consuming, such measurements provide relatively little information.
It is an object of the invention to provide a power supply analyser which automatically tests multiple outputs of a power supply. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention a power supply analyser comprises:
a plurality of variable loads connectable to respective ones of a plurality of outputs of a multiple-output power supply;
at least one current sensor arranged to measure the current in each load and to generate respective current signals corresponding to the measured currents;
at least one voltage sensor arranged to measure the output voltage at each output and to generate respective voltage signals corresponding to the measured voltages;
a control circuit arranged to vary the magnitude of each load according to predetermined criteria; and
a monitoring circuit responsive to the current and voltage signals to monitor the behaviour of the power supply while each output thereof is subjected to a varying load.
The control circuit is preferably a microprocessor based circuit arranged to select one of a plurality of different loads for connection to each output.
For example, a light, medium and heavy load may be provided for each output, the actual magnitude of each load being related to the load rating of the respective output.
The variable loads may be supplied in the form of one or more load modules which are removably connectable to the analyser. Preferably, the control circuit is arranged to apply lighter loads to each output before applying heavier loads thereto.
The control circuit may further be arranged to apply loads to respective outputs individually, before applying loads to a plurality of outputs simultaneously.
The monitoring circuit preferably includes at least one analogue to digital converter, and a software-controlled processor arranged to compare output waveforms of each output with stored reference values or waveforms.
The monitoring circuit may further be arranged to store data from each measurement cycle for comparison with subsequent measurements.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a power supply analyser according to the invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the functions carried out by the analyser of Figure 1 ;
Figure 3 is a simplified flowchart illustrating the main functions of the analyser; and
Figure 4 is a simplified schematic block diagram of the load control scheme of the analyser. DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT
Figure 1 shows the main electronic components of a power supply analyser according to the invention. The analyser is based on a microprocessor 10 which includes a main processor or CPU 12, read only memory (ROM) 14 and random access memory (RAM) 16 as well as a power-up reset circuit 18. Associated with the microprocessor 10 are a twenty character by four line liquid crystal display (LCD) module 20, an RS232 communications interface 22, an optional printer 24, optional external RAM 26, and a port expander interface 28.
Connected to the microprocessor 10 via the port expander interface 28 are three load control circuits 30, 32 and 34, which are arranged to control a set of variable light, medium and heavy loads 36, 38 and 40, respectively. Associated with each control circuit 30, 32 and 34 is an illuminated load indicator 42, 44 or 46. The indicators include green, orange and red LED's respectively, to indicate to an operator that a light, medium or heavy load has been selected.
A typical power supply intended to be monitored by the power supply analyser has six separate outputs, so that the analyser has a set of six current inputs 48 and six voltage inputs 50 for monitoring the current and output voltage of each output. Each current input is measured by a differential current conversion interface 52, while each voltage input is measured by a radiometric voltage conversion interface 54. The outputs of the respective interfaces 52 and 54 are fed to calibration circuits 56 and 58, the outputs of which are fed to a sixteen channel analogue to digital converter 60. A sample rate clock generator 64 determines the sampling rate of the analogue to digital converter.
The digital output of the analogue to digital converter 60 is fed to a binary to binary coded decimal (BCD) converter 62, the outputs of which is fed to the microprocessor 10 via the port expander interface 28 Thus, the microprocessor is fed with the measured current and voltage output values for each output of the power supply simultaneously
As best seen in Figure 4, an output 66 of a power supply under test has its output current and voltage measured by the respective current and voltage conversion interfaces 52 and 54 The light, medium and heavy loads 36, 38 and 40 are controlled by relay switches 68 and 70 (the light load 36 is connected directly to the power supply output and therefore does not have its own switch) The relay switches 68 and 70 are controlled via an 8 bit bus 52, by the microprocessor 10 The data output from the current and voltage conversion interfaces 52 and 54 is fed back to the microprocessor (after A to D conversion and binary to BCD conversion) via an 8 or 12 bit data bus 74
The operation of the power supply analyser is shown graphically in the flowchart of Figure 3
The operation of the analyser can be summarised as follows Firstly, a relatively light load is applied to each individual power supply output Each output is monitored by comparing the output waveform with a stored reference waveform (or one or more reference values) for deviations from the expected performance Assuming that the monitored performance is within an acceptable range, the load on each output is increased and the process repeated until the maximum load for each output is reached
The data from the above procedure is output to a PC 66 via the RS232 interface 22 which is used to generate graphs or other graphic displays of the output waveforms for comparison and analysis Apart from this, the monitored values for output current and voltage are displayed on the LCD module 20 In the case where a PC 66 is not available, the data from a set of measurements can be stored in the RAM 16 or 26 for later downloading Because the connection of the loads to the power supply under test is controlled by the microprocessor 10, the load switching scheme can be changed by the user as required. In the prototype system, the software for the microprocessor was written so that the analyser operates in the sequence set out below.
The analyser starts by applying one light load on a first supply rail (say, the -5V output). Current and voltage measurements are taken. The load is then removed and applied to the next supply rail (say, +5V) and measurements are taken again. Next, two light loads are applied, one to the -5V rail and one to the +5V rail and measurements are again taken. In the next step, both loads are removed and a light load is applied to the next supply rail (say, -12V) and measurements are taken. The procedure for the -5V and +5V rails is then repeated, at the end of which three loads are applied to the three outputs (ie. - 5V, +5V and -12V). All the loads are removed and the sequence is repeated for the fourth output (say, the +12V rail). And the process is repeated until all supply rails have been tested in combination and individually.
In an average power supply having six different voltage rails, this will result in sixty three different loading conditions for each type of load. The time for which each load is connected is software controlled and can be set by the user.
It will be appreciated that the loads can be purely resistive, or can combine resistive, capacitive and/or inductive components. Technically, the loads will comprise series resistors of a value less than 0.1 Ω.
The power supply analyser can be built as a portable unit for use in the field, or can, for example, be combined with an adapter which allows it to be connected sequentially to a number of power supplies, typically for production testing. Power supplies under test do not have to be the same make or model as long as the necessary connections are available
In the prototype system, the power supply analyser was able to take over eighteen thousand samples simultaneously in just under one hour Multiplied by the number of loading conditions that can be applied, a large amount of data can be obtained from the power supply under test
In order to compare the "electronic signatures" obtained from a power supply, graphs are plotted for the six different measured voltages and currents for each power supply output Corresponding graphs can also be plotted for the input AC current and voltage Input and output power can then also be calculated over a period of time, allowing the efficiency of the power supply to be determined and compared with a reference value
For a given power supply, the user enters 24 different threshold levels, which can be obtained from the power supply manufacturer or determined empirically After a test routine, the following data will typically be provided to the user
Vaverage = xx ( for 6 readings ) Vpeak = xx ( for 6 readings ) Vmin = xx ( for 6 readings ) Vmax = xx ( for 6 readings ) lave = xx ( for 6 readings ) I peak = xx ( for 6 readings ) I mm = xx ( for 6 readings ) I max = xx ( for six readings ) Number of times upper threshold level was exceeded = xx ( for 12 readings )
Number of times lower threshold level was exceeded = xx ( for 12 readings )
Ave power out = xx
Ave power in = xx
Efficiency = xx
It will be appreciated that the abovementioned list of output figures will provide about 75 figures to the user, which a skilled user can interpret relatively easily. The data for each power supply tested is stored and allows the user to build up a data base for comparison in future tests.
It will be appreciated that the exact parameters tested can be varied, as can the number of measurements, the number and nature of the variable loads, and so on.

Claims

1. A power supply analyser comprising:
a plurality of variable loads connectable to respective ones of a plurality of outputs of a multiple-output power supply;
at least one current sensor arranged to measure the current in each load and to generate respective current signals corresponding to the measured currents;
at least one voltage sensor arranged to measure the output voltage at each output and to generate respective voltage signals corresponding to the measured voltages;
a control circuit arranged to vary the magnitude of each load according to predetermined criteria; and
a monitoring circuit responsive to the current and voltage signals to monitor the behaviour of the power supply while each output thereof is subjected to a varying load.
2. A power supply analyser according to claim 1 wherein the control circuit is a microprocessor based circuit arranged to select one of a plurality of different loads for connection to each output.
3. A power supply analyser according to claim 2 wherein a light load, a medium load and a heavy load are provided for each output, the actual magnitude of each load being related to the load rating of the respective output.
4. A power supply analyser according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the variable loads take the form of at least one load module which is removably connectable to the analyser.
5. A power supply analyser according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the control circuit is arranged to apply lighter loads to each output before applying heavier loads thereto.
6. A power supply analyser according to claim 5 wherein the control circuit is further arranged to apply loads to respective outputs individually, before applying loads to a plurality of outputs simultaneously.
7. A power supply analyser according to any one of claims_ 1 to 6 wherein the monitoring circuit includes at least one analogue to digital converter, and a software-controlled processor arranged to compare output waveforms of each output with stored reference values or waveforms.
8. A power supply analyser according to claim 7 wherein the monitoring circuit is arranged to store data from each measurement cycle for comparison with subsequent measurements.
PCT/IB2001/000080 2000-01-24 2001-01-24 Power supply analyser WO2001053846A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001226990A AU2001226990A1 (en) 2000-01-24 2001-01-24 Power supply analyser

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2000/0298 2000-01-24
ZA200000298 2000-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001053846A1 true WO2001053846A1 (en) 2001-07-26

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2379103A (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-02-26 Sankyo Seiki Seisakusho Kk Power failure sensing device and card reader
WO2005052617A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2005-06-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diagnosis unit for a current supply and current supply provided with said diagnosis unit
WO2005088800A2 (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-22 Eaton Power Quality Corporation Power supply loading indicators and methods
CN102162838A (en) * 2010-12-29 2011-08-24 东莞市创锐电子技术有限公司 System for marking and processing parameters in power source test result report
WO2016074429A1 (en) * 2014-11-11 2016-05-19 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Test method, controller, and test system
EP2615469A3 (en) * 2012-01-16 2016-08-03 The Boeing Company Electrical power diagnostic system and method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4037156A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-07-19 Compagnie Honeywell Bull (Societe Anonyme) Power supply testing apparatus
US5497332A (en) * 1993-10-01 1996-03-05 Automatic Terminal Information Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for metering and monitoring AC generators

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4037156A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-07-19 Compagnie Honeywell Bull (Societe Anonyme) Power supply testing apparatus
US5497332A (en) * 1993-10-01 1996-03-05 Automatic Terminal Information Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for metering and monitoring AC generators

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2379103A (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-02-26 Sankyo Seiki Seisakusho Kk Power failure sensing device and card reader
GB2379103B (en) * 2001-06-28 2005-05-11 Sankyo Seiki Seisakusho Kk A card reader having a power failure sensing device
US7080280B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2006-07-18 Nidec Sankyo Corporation Power failure sensing device and a card reader having a power failure sensing device
WO2005052617A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2005-06-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diagnosis unit for a current supply and current supply provided with said diagnosis unit
WO2005088800A2 (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-22 Eaton Power Quality Corporation Power supply loading indicators and methods
WO2005088800A3 (en) * 2004-03-01 2006-09-21 Eaton Power Quality Corp Power supply loading indicators and methods
US8415828B2 (en) 2004-03-01 2013-04-09 Eaton Corporation Power supply loading indicators and methods
CN102162838A (en) * 2010-12-29 2011-08-24 东莞市创锐电子技术有限公司 System for marking and processing parameters in power source test result report
EP2615469A3 (en) * 2012-01-16 2016-08-03 The Boeing Company Electrical power diagnostic system and method
US10151803B2 (en) 2012-01-16 2018-12-11 The Boeing Company Electrical power diagnostic system and methods
EP4063887A1 (en) * 2012-01-16 2022-09-28 The Boeing Company Electrical power diagnostic system and methods
WO2016074429A1 (en) * 2014-11-11 2016-05-19 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Test method, controller, and test system

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