WO2001046640A1 - Projectile and method for producing a projectile - Google Patents
Projectile and method for producing a projectile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001046640A1 WO2001046640A1 PCT/CH2000/000669 CH0000669W WO0146640A1 WO 2001046640 A1 WO2001046640 A1 WO 2001046640A1 CH 0000669 W CH0000669 W CH 0000669W WO 0146640 A1 WO0146640 A1 WO 0146640A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- guide
- projectile body
- guide means
- elevations
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
- F42B14/02—Driving bands; Rotating bands
Definitions
- the invention relates to a projectile with a projectile body and with radially projecting guide means arranged on the projectile body for guiding the projectile body in a gun barrel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a projectile, in which a guide band having a guide means is fastened in a correspondingly designed groove in a projectile body.
- Known projectiles usually have a copper guide means fastened to the surface of the projectile body. Bullets with several guide means arranged at a defined distance from one another are also known. These guide means are designed in the form of ring-shaped elevations. When such a projectile body is fired in a gun barrel, the inner surface of which has a plurality of spirally circumferential grooves, the elevations are pressed and shaped, causing the projectile to rotate, which serves to stabilize it in its trajectory. At the same time, the guide means acts as a seal against the hot powder gases acting on the rear side of the projectile and as a friction-changing intermediate layer between the projectile body and the gun barrel.
- a circumferential groove is screwed into the projectile body, into which a ring is shrunk, pressed and / or anchored by welding.
- a disadvantage of the known bullets is that they can enter copper into the gun barrel when fired. This ultimately leads to embrittlement of the gun barrel and results in a reduction in its mechanical strength.
- the gun barrel is unusable after a number of launches that are dependent on various initial conditions. The resulting release of copper into the system environment when the projectiles are fired is also of concern, particularly in the case of ammunition which is intended for training purposes.
- the invention is based on the problem of designing a projectile of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it largely prevents copper from entering the gun barrel when it is fired. Furthermore, the invention is based on the problem of developing a method for manufacturing a projectile in such a way that the entry of copper into the gun barrel when the projectile is fired can be avoided with it.
- the first-mentioned problem is solved according to the invention in that the guide means are made of a fiber composite material and that at least one protrusion protrudes therefrom, which is inclined by a helix angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile body.
- the twist angle mentioned in the patent claim corresponds to that in the inner tube wall, ie the twist angle of the barrel of the weapon barrel from which the projectile is fired.
- the guide means can be made from a copper-free material.
- the projectile does not contain any copper, at least in the area in contact with the gun barrel when it is fired, so that a loosening of copper in this area is prevented.
- the projectile according to the invention thereby reliably prevents copper from entering the gun barrel when it is fired. This avoids embrittlement of the gun barrel.
- the reduced energy required to deform the guide means, the resulting lower groin forces and wear also have a favorable effect on the service life of the pipes and allow the range of the projectile to be increased.
- the manufacturing method according to the invention is very economical and also suitable for mass production.
- the guiding means have a high stability if the fiber composite material has carbon fibers.
- a guide band carrying the guide means contains mats made of cross-woven fibers.
- the fibers in the mats are arranged inclined at 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of elongated elevations of the guide means. Let through this design the outermost edges of the elevations are completely filled with fibers.
- the guide tape can be wound inexpensively around the projectile body if the guide tape has a smooth section and a section carrying the elevations of the guide means and that the sections abut one another and are glued to one another.
- connection of the sections of the guide band is structurally particularly simple if fibers of the smooth section extend beyond the section having the elevations of the guide means.
- connection of overlapping fiber sections has a particularly high strength if the elevations each have a plurality of fiber sections arranged one above the other in layers and if the fiber sections of adjacent elevations intermesh like a comb.
- the areas of the guide means provided for support on the gun barrel have, according to another advantageous further development of the invention adhere particularly high stability if the elevations have inserts for reinforcement.
- the inserts can consist, for example, of short fiber sections.
- the smooth section of the guide tape could, for example, be glued to the projectile body.
- the guide band is held particularly reliably in its intended position when the smooth section of the guide band is attached to the projectile body in a form-fitting manner.
- the guide band can be designed in a ring shape like that of the known projectile. Centering the guide band on the projectile body is particularly simple if it has a centering extension which penetrates into a recess in the projectile body.
- Thrust loads on the centering extension when the projectile according to the invention is fired can easily be avoided if the centering extension is arranged pointing in the direction of the front of the projectile. This reliably prevents deformation of the guide band in the gun barrel.
- the coefficients of friction can be additionally reduced compared to the aforementioned fiber composite material.
- a combination of guide means made of fiber composite material with those made of copper-free metal results in optimal sealing and pressure conditions and thermal loads in high-performance protection, especially when the rear metallic guide means has a smaller diameter than the fiber composite material arranged in the firing direction.
- the distances between the bands are advantageously optimized.
- the second-mentioned problem namely developing a method for manufacturing a projectile in such a way that the entry of copper into the gun barrel when the projectile is fired can be avoided, is solved according to the invention in that fibers with a high tensile strength correspond to the guide means Formed and glued together.
- This design reliably prevents the use of copper in the area of the projectile that touches the gun barrel when it is fired.
- the projectile according to the invention thus does not carry any copper into the gun barrel when it is fired. This reliably prevents the gun barrel from becoming brittle.
- the manufacture of the projectile is particularly cost-effective if the guide band is initially a strip is formed with a smooth portion and a portion having projections of the guiding means when the smooth portion is guided around the projectile body one or more times and when the portion having the raised portions is glued to the smooth portion.
- the guide tape is simply wound around the projectile body.
- the dimensions of the guide band can be maintained with particularly small tolerances if the guide band is pressed against the projectile body during the adhesive bonding.
- the guide band can be pressed with the projectile body, for example, by means of a ring pushed over the guide band.
- the guide tape can be attached to the projectile body before its sections are wound up when the free end of the smooth section is riveted to the projectile body.
- the guide band can be manufactured independently of the projectile body and then mounted on it if, for fastening an annular guide band with an outer diameter corresponding to the diameter of the groove of the projectile body, the projectile body is first cooled until the guide band over the ge - Let the body slide up to the groove and when the body is then heated with the guide tape. Liquid nitrogen can be used for this purpose, which can be used to cool the projectile to minus 170 ° C. Tests have shown that with a warm-up time of 8 hours to room temperature none Tensions arise between the guiding band and the projectile body.
- the ring-shaped guide band has very favorable strength properties and high torsional rigidity.
- the connection between the projectile body and the guide band produced with this method has a particularly high strength.
- ring-shaped guide bands can be produced particularly economically by initially producing tubular starting components, which are then cut to the required installation length using laser or water jet cutting processes.
- FIG. 2 shows a greatly enlarged sectional view through the projectile from FIG. 1 along the line II-II,
- FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a guide band for the projectile from FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic plan view of the projectile from FIG. 1 during manufacture of the guide band by winding
- 5 shows a schematic illustration of a fiber course of a further embodiment of the guide belt from FIG. 3
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a fiber course of a further embodiment of the guide belt from FIG. 3.
- FIG. 1 shows a partial area of a projectile with guide means 2 arranged on a projectile body 1 and with an additional guide ring 3 arranged at a distance from the guide means 2.
- the guide means 2 has several elevations 4 which protrude from the lateral surface of the projectile body 1.
- the elevations 4 are arranged essentially longitudinally to the projectile body 1 and inclined by a swirl angle ( ⁇ ) with respect to its longitudinal axis.
- the guide means 2 and the guide ring 3 stabilize the trajectory of the projectile and generate a predetermined one
- the elevations 4 of the guide means 2 are arranged on an annular guide belt 5 made of a fiber composite material.
- the guide band 5 has a centering extension 6, which is held in a form-fitting manner in a recess 7 of the projectile body 1.
- the helix angle ( ⁇ ) corresponds to the angle of the train in the gun barrel, to a line parallel to its soul axis (central axis). This angle advantageously corresponds to achieve a maximum initial acceleration (et) the initial twist in the inner tube wall, for example in the case of a progressive twist.
- the launch direction is designated A; In the following figures, the same parts are provided with the same reference numbers.
- Figure 2 shows a highly vergr ⁇ sserten Thomasdarstel ⁇ lung through the projectile of Figure 1 taken along line II - II in that the Geunterkorper 1 has a groove 8 which holds the guide strip 5 axially. Furthermore, fibers 9 and a binder 10, which bonds the fibers to one another, are shown schematically in FIG. The fibers 9 are arranged directly on the outer boundaries of the guide belt 5. Furthermore, the fibers 9 running in the tangential and radial directions are arranged at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the longest extent of the guide means 2.
- FIG. 3 shows a ring-shaped and closed guide band 11.
- the guide band 11 can, for example, be shrunk onto the floor shown in FIG.
- the projectile body 1 is cooled to minus 170 ° C. with liquid nitrogen.
- the diameter of the projectile body 1 is reduced to such an extent that the guide band 11 can be pushed over the projectile body 1 up to the groove 8 shown in FIG.
- the projectile body 1 expands again.
- the guide band 11 is held axially immovably in the groove 8 of the projectile body 1.
- FIG. 4 shows the projectile from FIG. 1 in a top view during the manufacture of a guide band 12.
- the guide band 12 has a smooth section 13 and a section 14 having elevations 4.
- Sections 13, 14 are made from fiber mats that are pressed together and / or glued together , The free end of the smooth section 13 is fixed in the groove 8 of the projectile body 1, for example, by means of a rivet 15, which is shown schematically in the drawing. The sections 13, 14 are then wrapped around the projectile and glued to one another by means of commercially available thermosets.
- FIG. 5 shows, by way of example, a fiber course of the region of the guide band 12 from FIG. 4 that has the elevations 4.
- Fiber sections 16, 17 of the guide band 12 have a shape corresponding to the elevations 4 and are on the side of the groove 8 that faces away from the elevations 4 Shaped body 1 shown in Figure 4 smooth. Adjacent fiber sections 16, 17 overlap each other.
- FIG. 6 shows the fiber course of the region of the guide belt 12 from FIG. 4 having the elevations 4 in a further embodiment.
- This embodiment differs from the one from FIG. 5 primarily in that adjoining fiber sections 18, 19 intermesh like a comb.
- the elevations 4 forming areas of the guide belt 12 have inlays 20 for reinforcement.
- the inserts 20 can of course, like the fiber sections 18, 19, also be made of fiber mats pressed and / or glued together.
- the guide ring 3, FIG. 1 can be dispensed with, or if appropriate for longer storeys, several parallel guide means 2 can also be provided.
- the guide ring 3 can be omitted for shorter storeys or can also be made in the form of a fiber composite material analogous to the guide means 2.
- Guide rings made of copper are less sensitive to sudden gas pressures and therefore have a higher security than these.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU16865/01A AU1686501A (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2000-12-18 | Projectile and method for producing a projectile |
EP00979324A EP1240474B1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2000-12-18 | Projectile and method for producing a projectile |
DE50003951T DE50003951D1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2000-12-18 | BULLET AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BULLET |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99811177.7 | 1999-12-20 | ||
EP99811177A EP1111329A1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 1999-12-20 | Projectile and manufacturing method therefor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001046640A1 true WO2001046640A1 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
Family
ID=8243201
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH2000/000669 WO2001046640A1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2000-12-18 | Projectile and method for producing a projectile |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP1111329A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1686501A (en) |
DE (1) | DE50003951D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001046640A1 (en) |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR5398E (en) * | 1904-04-20 | 1906-03-27 | Krupp Ag | Steel projectile with recess filled with high specific gravity metal |
US2699094A (en) * | 1947-02-19 | 1955-01-11 | Musser Clarence Walton | Rifled firearm which automatically indexes preengraved projectiles |
US3130671A (en) * | 1955-11-26 | 1964-04-28 | Berghaus Elektrophysik Anst | Method of reducing barrel wear |
DE2025163A1 (en) * | 1969-05-23 | 1970-11-26 | Henry Cross ley (Packings) Ltd., Bolton, Lancashire (Großbritannien) | Bullet guide ring |
DE1578097A1 (en) * | 1966-10-25 | 1971-01-14 | Henry Crossley Packings Ltd | Sleeve-shaped projectile guide tape |
US3738279A (en) * | 1970-07-24 | 1973-06-12 | Us Navy | Sabot for sub-calibre projectile |
US3760736A (en) * | 1971-10-18 | 1973-09-25 | Us Army | Non-metallic rotary bands |
DE2758692A1 (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-05 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Fibre-reinforced rotating tape for missiles - composed of high-tensile aromatic polyamide fibres embedded in matrix of polycarbonate polybutene or polyamide (NL 3.7.79) |
US4366015A (en) * | 1980-05-16 | 1982-12-28 | Murray Myles N | Rubber driving band, artillery shell employing same, and method of making the band and assembling same in the shell |
-
1999
- 1999-12-20 EP EP99811177A patent/EP1111329A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-12-18 DE DE50003951T patent/DE50003951D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-18 WO PCT/CH2000/000669 patent/WO2001046640A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-12-18 EP EP00979324A patent/EP1240474B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-18 AU AU16865/01A patent/AU1686501A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR5398E (en) * | 1904-04-20 | 1906-03-27 | Krupp Ag | Steel projectile with recess filled with high specific gravity metal |
US2699094A (en) * | 1947-02-19 | 1955-01-11 | Musser Clarence Walton | Rifled firearm which automatically indexes preengraved projectiles |
US3130671A (en) * | 1955-11-26 | 1964-04-28 | Berghaus Elektrophysik Anst | Method of reducing barrel wear |
DE1578097A1 (en) * | 1966-10-25 | 1971-01-14 | Henry Crossley Packings Ltd | Sleeve-shaped projectile guide tape |
DE2025163A1 (en) * | 1969-05-23 | 1970-11-26 | Henry Cross ley (Packings) Ltd., Bolton, Lancashire (Großbritannien) | Bullet guide ring |
US3738279A (en) * | 1970-07-24 | 1973-06-12 | Us Navy | Sabot for sub-calibre projectile |
US3760736A (en) * | 1971-10-18 | 1973-09-25 | Us Army | Non-metallic rotary bands |
DE2758692A1 (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-05 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Fibre-reinforced rotating tape for missiles - composed of high-tensile aromatic polyamide fibres embedded in matrix of polycarbonate polybutene or polyamide (NL 3.7.79) |
US4366015A (en) * | 1980-05-16 | 1982-12-28 | Murray Myles N | Rubber driving band, artillery shell employing same, and method of making the band and assembling same in the shell |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1240474B1 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
AU1686501A (en) | 2001-07-03 |
DE50003951D1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
EP1111329A1 (en) | 2001-06-27 |
EP1240474A1 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
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