WO2001036845A1 - Hydrokinetic coupling apparatus, in particular for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Hydrokinetic coupling apparatus, in particular for motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001036845A1
WO2001036845A1 PCT/FR2000/003212 FR0003212W WO0136845A1 WO 2001036845 A1 WO2001036845 A1 WO 2001036845A1 FR 0003212 W FR0003212 W FR 0003212W WO 0136845 A1 WO0136845 A1 WO 0136845A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
central ring
piston
ring
axially
hub
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2000/003212
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2001036845A8 (en
Inventor
Rabah Arhab
Alexandre Depraete
Gustave Chasseguet
David Forgeron
Daniel Satonnet
Norbert Termenon
Roel Verhoog
Original Assignee
Valeo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo filed Critical Valeo
Priority to DE10085206T priority Critical patent/DE10085206B4/en
Priority to JP2001538698A priority patent/JP4954410B2/en
Priority to KR1020027006301A priority patent/KR100781418B1/en
Publication of WO2001036845A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001036845A1/en
Publication of WO2001036845A8 publication Critical patent/WO2001036845A8/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
    • F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
    • F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
    • F16H2045/0205—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type two chamber system, i.e. without a separated, closed chamber specially adapted for actuating a lock-up clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
    • F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
    • F16H2045/0273—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type characterised by the type of the friction surface of the lock-up clutch
    • F16H2045/0278—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type characterised by the type of the friction surface of the lock-up clutch comprising only two co-acting friction surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydrokinetic coupling device, in particular for a motor vehicle, of the type described and shown for example in document W3-A-99/45294.
  • This document describes and represents an apparatus of the type comprising a wall, generally of transverse orientation, suitable for being linked in rotation to a driving shaft and carrying centrally attached a central ring, a turbine wheel integral in rotation with a clean hub. to be linked in rotation to a driven shaft, an axially sliding piston, sealingly mounted along a central ring interposed axially between the transverse casing wall and the turbine hub and a rear stop which limits the axial displacements of the piston relative to the central ring in the direction corresponding to its distance from the internal face of the transverse wall and which prevents your direct friction contact between the piston and the hub of the turbine wheel.
  • an additional part essentially consisting of a plate in the form of a flat ring, is attached to a ring to constitute an axial support part, on the one hand for the front face of the ring and, on the other hand for the annular front end face of a guide ring for sliding the piston.
  • This part therefore forms a piston abutment plate avoiding any contact, metal on metal, between the piston and the flange of the hub located opposite.
  • the ring is of the metallic type to allow its connection by welding with the generally transverse wall of the casing.
  • the transverse orientation wall is a part in pressed sheet metal which comprises, at its central part, a central sleeve produced integrally by stamping and which is open at its free axial end which is traversed by the central ring, the latter extending axially forwards, beyond of the cylindrical centering surface of the central ring, by a journal for the rotational connection of the central ring with the driving shaft, in particular with the crankshaft of a motor vehicle engine equipped with a hydrokinetic coupling device.
  • the front axial end edge of the fixing sleeve extends substantially in line with a transverse face of the central ring which delimits axially forward the cylindrical centering surface.
  • the transverse wall is fixed to the central ring by means of a welding operation carried out in the connection zone between the annular transverse face of the front end of the central sleeve of the transverse wall and the transverse face of the central ring .
  • the present invention aims to provide a hydrokinetic coupling device of the type mentioned previously, which allows easy assembly of the various components of the device, reducing the number of components as well as the weight and cost of the assembly.
  • the invention provides a hydrokinetic coupling device, nota ⁇ ent for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising, arranged axially from front to back:
  • a transverse casing wall of generally radial orientation, suitable for being linked in rotation to a driving shaft;
  • a rear stop which limits the axial displacements of the piston with respect to the central ring in the direction corresponding to its distance from the internal face of the transverse wall and which prevents direct friction contact between the piston and the wheel hub turbine, characterized in that the stop is made in one piece with the central ring.
  • the central ring is axially coupled to the piston;
  • the central ring is made by molding, notably in plastic material;
  • the central ring is centered radially with respect to the piston;
  • the central ring is centered radially with respect to the transverse casing wall;
  • the central ring is centered radially with respect to the hub of the turbine;
  • the stop is generally in the form of a continuous or discontinuous flat ring of radial orientation which extends radially outwards beyond the main body of generally tubular shape of the central ring;
  • the central ring is centered radially and is immobilized axially relative to the transverse casing wall or relative to the hub of the turbine;
  • a rear transverse face of the central ring has at least one lubrication groove
  • the free end of the driven shaft extends axially inside a bore of the central ring with the interposition of a seal.
  • FIG. 1 is a half-view in partial axial section of an apparatus hydrokinetic coupling according to a first example of implementation of the principles of the invention in which the central ring and the stop are overmolded around the internal periphery of the piston;
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the lower part of Figure 1 which illustrates an alternative embodiment of a central ring attached to the inner radial periphery of the piston by overmolding;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the lower part of Figure 1 which illustrates another alternative embodiment in which the central ring with the stopper is coupled to the outer radial periphery by force fitting;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the lower part of Figure 1 which illustrates another embodiment in which the central ring with the stopper is attached to the inner radial periphery of the piston by elastic interlocking;
  • Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 which illustrates an axially sliding piston,
  • a hydrokinetic coupling device 50 comprises, arranged in the same sealed housing filled with oil and forming housing 52 , a torque converter and a locking clutch 54, usually den ⁇ r ⁇ ié "lock-up".
  • the converter can be replaced by a hy ⁇ rodynarnic coupler, the coupler being distinguished from the converter, which is well known in that it does not include a reactor wheel.
  • the housing 52 here metallic, constitutes a driving element and it is suitable for being linked in rotation to a driving shaft, namely for example the crankshaft (not shown) of the internal combustion engine in the case of an application to a vehicle. automobile.
  • the housing 52 of generally annular shape, consists of two half-shells facing each other and which are fixed in leaktight manner at their external periphery, usually by a welding operation.
  • the first front half-shell 56 shown in the figures is capable of being linked in rotation to the driving shaft and it is essentially constituted by an annular wall 58 which is generally of transverse orientation, that is to say which s 'extends in a radial plane perpendicular to one axis XX of one device, and which is extended at its outer periphery by a cylindrical wall in the form of an annular skirt 60 generally of axial orientation.
  • the second rear half-shell (not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity as well as the reactor wheel of the converter) is shaped so as to define an impeller wheel and for this purpose comprises vanes on its internal face.
  • blades face the blades 62 of a turbine wheel 64 fixed by riveting, or alternatively by welding, to a hub wall 68 in one piece with a hub 70 internally fluted for the rotational connection to a driven shaft 72, namely the input shaft of the gearbox in the case of an application to a motor vehicle.
  • the driven shaft 72 is hollowed out internally to form a channel
  • a piston 74 delimits, with a central ring 76, the annular transverse wall 58 and an annular disc 78, a chamber 82 with variable volume supplied through the driven shaft 72.
  • the annular disc 78 carries fixing, for example by bonding on each of its opposite transverse faces, friction linings 80.
  • the disc 78 is located at the outer periphery of the piston and has at its outer periphery, radially beyond the piston 74, lugs, with an axially oriented part, each penetrating into a notch, which has a guide washer 84 at its outer periphery.
  • the disc 78 is thus linked in rotation, with axial mobility, to the guide washer 84 with the interposition of coil springs 86 with circumferential action.
  • the washer 84 for guiding the springs 86 is extended radially inwards by an annular flange of transverse orientation 88 which has a series of holes 90 for circulation of the oil between the piston
  • the locking clutch 54 includes a torsion damper located mainly between the turbine wheel 64 and the transverse wall 58 at the outer periphery of the first shell.
  • the torsion damper comprises an inlet part, arranged radially above the piston 74 and the linings 80, constituted by the axial extension towards the rear of the disc 78, the coil springs 86 and an outlet part constituted by the flange 88 and the guide washer 84.
  • the outlet part is linked in rotation to the turbine wheel 64, more precisely to the grooved hub 70 thereof, while the inlet part is linked in rotation to the disc 78 projecting radially with respect to the piston 74.
  • the inlet part is therefore disengageably linked, via the disk 78 and the linings 80, to the driving shaft, the disk 78 with its friction linings 80 being suitable for being disengageably clamped between the piston 74 and the portion facing the internal face 92 of the transverse wall 58 forming a counter-piston.
  • the disc 78 is therefore coupled elastically to the splined hub 70 and to the turbine wheel 64.
  • the turbine wheel 64 is rotated by the impeller wheel thanks to the circulation of oil contained in the sealed casing and, after starting the vehicle, the locking clutch 54 allows, in order to '' avoid the phenomena of sliding between the turbine and impeller wheels, a direct connection (or bridging) of the driven shaft with the driving shaft and this by tightening the friction linings 80 and the disc 78 between the piston 74 and counter piston 58, 92 with direct drive of the shaft driven by the casing shell.
  • the locking clutch 54 can be operated with a controlled slip.
  • variable volume chain 82 is depressurized.
  • This chamber 82 is therefore delimited externally by the disc 78 and the linings 80, the piston 74 and the wall 58 each having at their outer periphery a transverse plane friction face for the linings 80.
  • the piston 74 is linked in rotation to the transverse wall 58 of the first half-shell by elastic tongues 94 of tangential orientation distributed regularly circumferentially, these tongues 94 allowing an axial movement of the piston 74.
  • the tongues can be coupled to the transverse wall 58 by means of a metallic annular piece 96, integral with the transverse wall 58.
  • fixing means for the coupling of the tongues 94 to the piston 74, fixing means of known design are used.
  • the tongues 94 extend in the volume delimited radially by the friction linings 80 and the axis X-X of the assembly, that is to say in the variable-volume chamber 82.
  • the central ring 76 is an independent component of the transverse wall 58 of the casing and it is interposed axially between the internal face 92 of the transverse wall 58 and a front transverse face 98 of the hub 70, the hub 70 extending radially outward by the flange 68.
  • the free end section 100 of the shaft conduit 72 extends axially inside an internal radial bore 102 of the ring 76 with the interposition of a sealing gasket 104.
  • the gasket dynamic seal 104 is here a segment, alternatively a seal.
  • the central ring 76 is a plastic molded part which is attached to the inner radial periphery 103 of the piston 74.
  • the ring 76 is in the form of an annular part produced by molding, here preferably made of plastic, which is axially delimited by a front transverse face 106 adjacent to the internal face 92 of the wall 58 of the casing and by a rear transverse face 108 adjacent to the front transverse face 98 of the flange 68 of the hub 70.
  • the annular central ring 76 is also delimited radially inwardly by its bore 102 and outwardly by an outer cylindrical face 110.
  • the central ring 76 is preferably produced by overmolding around the inner radial periphery 103 of the piston 74 so as to make it integral with the piston 74 and also to ensure a perfectly sealed connection between these two elements.
  • the ring 76 is axially coupled to the piston 74 due to its shape and its overmolding around the inner radial periphery 103 with front 112 and rear 114 flanges which extend radially towards
  • the rear cheek 114 here constitutes a stop 178 in the form of a flat ring which delimits axially towards the rear, that is to say towards the web 68, the axial sliding in leaktight manner of the ring-piston assembly 76, 74 by compared to the led tree 72.
  • the stop 178 is therefore produced in accordance with the invention, in one piece with the ring 76, thus avoiding any direct contact, in particular a metal-to-metal friction, between the piston 74 and the web 68 located opposite.
  • stop 178 can be envisaged, so by way of example the stop can be a ring discontinuous, ie a succession of sectors, which also makes it possible to reduce the material necessary for its production.
  • stop 178 As will be understood, the production of the stop 178 by molding or overmolding, in particular of plastic material, offers great ease of implementation and great adaptability with the surrounding parts such as the piston or the crew. turbine wheel-hub and this whatever the radial or axial dimensions.
  • the inner radial periphery 103 of the latter may include means such as teeth or slots 116 distributed angularly, notably regularly, around the axis X-X.
  • the slots can be replaced by axial holes formed in the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 and which are traversed by the molding material.
  • the coupling means belong to the central ring 76.
  • the transverse face 106 of the ring 76 has a series of passages 118 which put into communication a central chamber 120, produced in favor a central stamping 122 which extends axially towards the front of the transverse wall 68 of the casing, and the control chamber 82 delimited between the piston 64 and the wall 58.
  • Each passage 118 is for example constituted by a groove opening radially at its two opposite ends, the front transverse face 106 of the ring 76 comprises a series of grooves 118 distributed angularly in a regular manner around the axis X-X.
  • seal 104 which, in this first embodiment, is a segment mounted in a groove 124 machined in the outer radial periphery 126 of the section of free front end 100 of the driven shaft 72.
  • the ring 76 with the piston 74 to which it is coupled, is thus free to slide in leaktight manner with respect to the driven shaft 72 in order to allow the bridging or dismounting operation of the clutch to be carried out.
  • a series of grooves 128 is formed in the rear transverse face 108 of the central ring 76.
  • the grooves 128 are for example distributed angularly in a regular manner and, like the grooves 118, they are advantageously produced by molding during the production of the ring 76.
  • the production by plastic molding of the ring 76 allows a reduction in weight, facilitates the assembly operations insofar as it is coupled to the piston 74 and makes it possible to guarantee a perfect seal of the control chamber 82 thanks to the presence of a single seal 104, the transverse wall 58 being moreover of simpler design than in the prior art insofar as its central part 122 does not have an opening, the sealing of the assembly being here further improved, and where no particular machining is necessary.
  • the gasket 104 which intervenes between the central ring 76 and the driven shaft 72 is a gasket which is mounted in a groove 124, which is here produced integrally by molding with the ring 76 while being formed in the internal bore 102 of the latter.
  • the gasket 104 is a seal which is molded in the groove 124 or which is produced with the ring 76 according to a co-molding or co-extrusion technique.
  • the groove 124 formed in the internal bore 102 of the central ring 76 receives a heel of a gasket 104 which is here an asymmetrical lip seal.
  • the lining 104 then comprises a rear sealing lip of great axial length, and therefore flexible, which cooperates with the part opposite the outer periphery 126 of the free end section before the driven shaft 72, and it also has an axially shorter front lip, a third lip or intermediate rib being provided between the two rear and front lips.
  • the gasket 104 has two symmetrical rear and front lips of great axial length, the heel being here, previously bent, fitted into the groove 124 or molded in the latter, if necessary during an operation of co molding of the lining 104 with the ring 76.
  • the sealing lining 104 comprises a single rear lip which cooperates in leaktight manner with the radially outer periphery 126 of the free end section before the driven shaft 72 under the action of a ring-shaped clamping spring.
  • the gasket 104 has, in cross section, a U-shaped section whose vertical lateral branch constitutes the mounting heel of the gasket 104 on the central ring 76 and whose rear vertical lateral branch extends in an additional internal radial groove formed in the internal bore 102 of the ring 76.
  • the central part or central branch of the U-shaped lining cooperates in a sealed manner with the radially outer periphery 126 of the free end section before the driven shaft 72, holes or axial passages being formed in the annular branch to allow good operation of the seal.
  • the seal 104 which, with its U-shaped profile, here surrounds a radially inner rib formed in the wall of the inner bore 102 of the central ring 76 for a better sealing resistance of the seal 104, one or more bores being formed at an angle in the central ring 76 in order to bring the interior of the seal 104 into a U-shaped connection with the lubrication grooves 128
  • the central ring 76 is added by force fitting between the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 and the driven shaft 72.
  • the central ring 76 here has substantially the shape of an "L" comprising a vertical branch and a horizontal branch respectively.
  • the vertical branch axially interposed between the rear lateral face of the piston 74 opposite the casing 58 and opposite the web 68, forms the stop 178 in the form of a flat ring which axially limits the rearward slide of the piston.
  • the stop 178 has grooves 128 for lubrication.
  • the stop 178 may consist of a continuous crown in a discontinuous variant, that is to say a succession of sectors.
  • the stop 178 is made of synthetic material, loaded or not, said material being chosen according to the desired coefficient of friction.
  • the horizontal branch is forcibly fitted into the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 according to a method which makes it possible to ensure the seal between the radially outer periphery of the horizontal branch and the piston 74.
  • the dynamic seal between the ring 76, here the radially inner periphery of the horizontal branch, and the driven shaft 72 is obtained by the interposition of a gasket 104, which can be indifferently associated with one or the other of these two elements.
  • the ring 76 with its two branches of the "L" is made of plastic, for example by molding, and it may include a reinforcing ferrule 300, here metallic, which constitutes the radially outer periphery of the horizontal branch to allow 1 ' force fitting.
  • the metallic ferrule 300 thus constitutes a reinforcement insert for the ring.
  • the stop 178 is made in one piece with the central ring 76.
  • the choice of material can optimize the friction coefficient of the vertical branch forming stop 178.
  • the ferrule 300 has an inner radial orientation edge which is inserted into the horizontal branch of the ring 76 to ensure the axial connection between these two parts.
  • the central ring 76 is a molded plastic part which is attached and coupled to the radially inner portion 103 of the piston 74, but it is here fixed by elastic interlocking.
  • the radially inner part of the central ring 76 is of a design generally similar to that illustrated in FIG. 1, while its upper part, that is to say radially outer, 158 is shaped to conform to the shape of the radially inner part 103 of the piston 64 and allow its attachment and coupling.
  • a radially outer and rear cheek 114 extends along the rear lateral face opposite the part 103, while an intermediate annular skirt 160 extends axially opposite the radially inner edge of the part 103.
  • the rear cheek 114 forms, as in FIGS. 1 and 2, a stop 178 which limits axially towards the rear, that is to say towards the web 68, the sliding of the piston 74 coupled to the ring 76, by compared to the led tree 72.
  • a hollowed out annular part 162 gives elasticity, radially inwards to the annular cheek 160 so as to allow its elastic deformation for fixing by interlocking or snap-fastening of the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 behind a retaining heel 164 formed at the front axial free end edge of the skirt 160.
  • the cheek 114 extends between additional stamped ribs 166 of the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74.
  • an O-ring seal 170 is interposed between the radially inner edge of the part 103 of the piston 74 and the part opposite the skirt 160 of the ring. central 76, the seal 170 being here received in a complementary radial groove 172 produced by molding with the ring 76, in the radially outer periphery of its fixing skirt 160.
  • the central ring 76 is advantageously produced by plastic molding.
  • central ring 76 is a central guide ring for sliding the piston 74 and which is produced in the form of a component which is mounted axially free between the casing wall 58 and the hub 68, 70 of the turbine wheel.
  • the radially lower part 103 of the piston 74 is slidably mounted axially relative to the central ring 76 for guiding the piston.
  • the radially inner cylindrical edge 174 of the part 103 extends opposite, with a slight radial clearance, from a radially outer cylindrical bearing 176 of the central guide ring 76 which is delimited axially towards the rear by a stop 178 which is here produced integrally by molding with the ring 76 in the form of a radially outer veil against which can axially bear the portion opposite the rear transverse face of the radially inner portion 103 of the piston 74.
  • the tightness of the chamber 82 is ensured by a seal 170 which is received in a groove 172 formed here in the central guide ring 76, the groove 172 being for example produced by molding with the ring 176.
  • the ring 76 is therefore free axially with respect to the casing wall 58 and by relative to the radially inner section of the flange 68 of the hub 70 of the turbine wheel 64.
  • FIG. 6 differs from that of FIG. 5 in that means are provided for radial centering of the central ring 76 relative to the casing wall 58.
  • central ring 76 is extended radially inside and axially forwards by an annular centering heel.
  • the external shape 182 of which is complementary to the internal shape of the elbow 184 which connects the central part 122 to the transverse wall 58 of the casing.
  • the general design of the central ring 76 is generally identical to that illustrated notably in FIG. 5, that is to say that the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 is axially free relative to the central guide ring 76 , with interposition of a seal 170.
  • the central guide ring 76 is fixed to the cover or housing, and more particularly to the transverse wall 58 of the latter.
  • the wall 58 comprises a series of hooking pins 200 with a chamfered head 202 which extend axially towards the rear from the internal face 92 of the wall 58 and each of which is received, by elastic interlocking, in a complementary hole 204 formed opposite and which opens axially towards the front in the front transverse face 106 of the central guide ring 76.
  • the latter comprise, in the vicinity of their free end, elastically deformable hooking lips which are formed in the form of heels 206 received, without play axial, in the additional groove 208 delimited axially towards the rear by the head 202.
  • FIG. 9 is generally identical to that of FIG. 8 with the exception of the axial dimension of the heels 206 which is less than that of the groove 208 so as to allow axial movement of the central ring 76 relative to the transverse wall 58.
  • the pins 200 with their heads 202 are produced integrally with the wall 58.
  • the variant embodiment shown in FIG. 10 differs from that shown in FIG. 8 by the nature of the holes 204 which are replaced by a single axial groove formed in the front transverse face 106 of the central ring 76 and which is delimited radially towards 1 inside in the vicinity of the front transverse face 106 by an elastically deformable heel 200 in the form of a continuous ring behind which the heads 202 of the pins 200 come to fit elastically.
  • the central ring 76 for guiding the piston 74, 103 is fixed to the turbine wheel, and more particularly to the flange 68 of its hub 70.
  • the central ring 76 has for this purpose a series of elastically deformable pins 210, angularly distributed in a regular manner around the axis XX and which extend axially rearward from the rear transverse face 108 of the central ring 76, each pin being fitted elastically into a complementary hole 212 formed opposite in the flange 68.
  • the central ring 76 is fixed by gluing, respectively to the transverse wall 58 of the cover or to the flange 68 of the splined hub 70 so as to fix the ring 76 radially and axially with respect to the corresponding element.
  • beads of glue 214 can be deposited in corresponding grooves formed in the front transverse face 106 respectively rear 108 of the central ring 76.
  • the central ring 76 is centered radially with respect to the transverse wall 58 of the casing which for this purpose comprises a series of pins 200, without heads, similar to the pins 200 of FIG. 8 of which each is received in an additional hole 204 in the central part 76.
  • the pins 200 thus ensure a radial centering of the ring 76 relative to the casing, but the ring 76 can move axially relative to the latter by sliding the pins 200 in the holes 204, the ring 76 being here also free axially by relative to the hub 68, 70 of the turbine wheel.
  • the central ring 76 for guiding the piston 74 can be centered radially with respect to the turbine wheel with a possibility of axial displacement relative to the latter.
  • the central ring 76 comprises a series of pins, without heads, similar to the pins 210 of FIG. 11 each of which is received in sliding in a complementary hole formed opposite 212 in the flange 68 of the grooved hub 70 .
  • the central ring 76 is again fixed radially and axially relative to the transverse wall 58 according to a crimping technique.
  • the body of the ring 76 has an annular groove 204, or else a counterbore of axial orientation which gives access to the interior to form heads 202 belonging to pins 200 which extend axially towards the rear from the wall 58 passing through holes 201 formed for this purpose in the front transverse face 106 of the central ring 76.
  • the fixing of the central ring 76, here on the turbine hub 68, 70 can also be carried out by means of rivets 250 which pass through holes 252 provided for this purpose in the body of the central ring 76, the riveting operation being carried out for example from the outside to form the rivet heads 252.
  • the rivets 250 can be replaced by screws 254 which are here screwed into the flange 68 of the hub 70.
  • the seals 104 and the seal 70 may each be of different design and their arrangement also, the seal 104 being able to be indifferently associated with the shaft 72 or with the body of the central ring 76.
  • the various embodiments of the invention with the stop 178 in one piece with the ring illustrate, on the one hand, the great freedom of design of the stop, in particular when it is produced by molding or overmolding with the main body of the ring and, on the other hand, the different possibilities offered for the arrangement of the ring, and in particular its radial centering and its axial coupling, as well as the different assembly methods which result therefrom.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Gearings (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a hydrokinetic coupling apparatus, in particular for motor vehicle, comprising, axially arranged from the front rearwards, a housing transverse wall (58), with global radial orientation, adapted to be linked in rotation to a driving shaft, a turbine wheel (64) integral in rotation with a hub (68) designed to be linked in rotation with a driven shaft (72), an axially sliding piston (74), mounted sealed along a central ring (76) axially interposed between the housing transverse wall (58) and the turbine hub (68) and a rear stop (178) which limits the piston axial movements relative to the central ring in a direction corresponding to its movement away from the inner surface of the transverse wall and which prevents direct friction contact between the piston (74) and the hub (68) of the turbine wheel (64). The invention is characterised in that the stop (178) and the ring (76) are designed as a single piece.

Description

Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétiquβ, nσaππient pour véhicule Hydrokinetic coupling device, nσaππient for vehicle
La présente invention concerne un appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique, notartment pour véhicule automobile, du type décrit et représenté par exemple dans le document W3-A-99/45294.The present invention relates to a hydrokinetic coupling device, in particular for a motor vehicle, of the type described and shown for example in document W3-A-99/45294.
Ce document décrit et représente un appareil du type comportant une paroi, globalement d'orientation transversale, propre à être liée en rotation à un arbre menant et portant à fixation centralement une bague centrale, une roue de turbine solidaire en rotation d'un moyeu propre à être lié en rotation à un arbre mené, un piston coulissant axialement, monté de manière étanche le long d'une bague centrale interposée axialement entre la paroi transversale de carter et le moyeu de la turbine et une butée arrière qui limite les déplacements axiaux du piston par rapport à la bague centrale dans le sens correspondant à son éloignement de la face interne de la paroi transversale et qui empêche ton contact de frottement direct entre le piston et le moyeu de la roue de turbine.This document describes and represents an apparatus of the type comprising a wall, generally of transverse orientation, suitable for being linked in rotation to a driving shaft and carrying centrally attached a central ring, a turbine wheel integral in rotation with a clean hub. to be linked in rotation to a driven shaft, an axially sliding piston, sealingly mounted along a central ring interposed axially between the transverse casing wall and the turbine hub and a rear stop which limits the axial displacements of the piston relative to the central ring in the direction corresponding to its distance from the internal face of the transverse wall and which prevents your direct friction contact between the piston and the hub of the turbine wheel.
Dans ce document, une pièce supplémentaire, constituée pour l'essentiel par une plaque en forme d'anneau plat, est rapportée sur une bague pour constituer une pièce d'appui axial, d'une part pour la face avant de la bague et, d'autre part pour la face annulaire d'extrémité avant d'une virole de guidage en coulissement du piston.In this document, an additional part, essentially consisting of a plate in the form of a flat ring, is attached to a ring to constitute an axial support part, on the one hand for the front face of the ring and, on the other hand for the annular front end face of a guide ring for sliding the piston.
Cette pièce forme donc une plaque de butée du piston évitant tout contact, métal sur métal, entre le piston et le flasque du moyeu situé en vis à vis. En effet, la bague est du type métallique pour permettre sa liaison par soudage avec la paroi globalement transversale du carter.This part therefore forms a piston abutment plate avoiding any contact, metal on metal, between the piston and the flange of the hub located opposite. Indeed, the ring is of the metallic type to allow its connection by welding with the generally transverse wall of the casing.
Selon un mode de réalisation connu, qui est par exemple décrit et représenté dans les demandes de brevet français FR-A-2 734 037 ou FR-A-2 738 890, au nom du demandeur, la paroi d'orientation transversale est une pièce en tôle emboutie qui comporte, à sa partie centrale, un manchon central réalisé venu de matière par emboutissage et qui est ouvert à son extrémité axiale libre qui est traversée par la bague centrale, cette dernière se prolongeant axialement vers l'avant, au-delà de la portée cylindrique de centrage de la bague centrale, par un tourillon pour la liaison en rotation de la bague centrale avec 1 ' arbre menant, notartment avec le vilebrequin d'un moteur de véhicule automobile équipé d'un appareil d' accouplement hydrocinétique. Le bord d'extrémité axiale avant du manchon de fixation s'étend sensiblement au droit d'une face transversale de la bague centrale qui délimite axialement vers l'avant la portée cylindrique de centrage.According to a known embodiment, which is for example described and represented in French patent applications FR-A-2 734 037 or FR-A-2 738 890, in the name of the applicant, the transverse orientation wall is a part in pressed sheet metal which comprises, at its central part, a central sleeve produced integrally by stamping and which is open at its free axial end which is traversed by the central ring, the latter extending axially forwards, beyond of the cylindrical centering surface of the central ring, by a journal for the rotational connection of the central ring with the driving shaft, in particular with the crankshaft of a motor vehicle engine equipped with a hydrokinetic coupling device. The front axial end edge of the fixing sleeve extends substantially in line with a transverse face of the central ring which delimits axially forward the cylindrical centering surface.
La fixation de la paroi transversale sur la bague centrale est réalisée au moyen d'une opération de soudage effectuée dans la zone de raccordement entre la face transversale annulaire d'extrémité avant du manchon central de la paroi transversale et la face transversale de la bague centrale.The transverse wall is fixed to the central ring by means of a welding operation carried out in the connection zone between the annular transverse face of the front end of the central sleeve of the transverse wall and the transverse face of the central ring .
Une telle conception nécessite de réaliser la butée sous la forme d'un ccmposant rapporté et de prévoir des moyens pour son positionnement et sa fixation.Such a design necessitates making the stop in the form of an added component and providing means for positioning and fixing it.
La présente invention a pour objet de proposer un appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique du type mentionné précédeπment, qui permet un assemblage aisé des différents ccmposants de l'appareil, en réduisant le nombre des composants ainsi que le poids et le coût de l'ensemble.The present invention aims to provide a hydrokinetic coupling device of the type mentioned previously, which allows easy assembly of the various components of the device, reducing the number of components as well as the weight and cost of the assembly.
Dans ce but, l'invention propose un appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique, notaπ ent pour véhicule automobile, du type comportant, agencés axialement d'avant en arrière :To this end, the invention provides a hydrokinetic coupling device, notaπ ent for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising, arranged axially from front to back:
- une paroi transversale de carter, d'orientation globalement radiale, propre à être liée en rotation à un arbre menant ;- A transverse casing wall, of generally radial orientation, suitable for being linked in rotation to a driving shaft;
- une roue de turbine solidaire en rotation d'un moyeu propre à être lié en rotation à un arbre mené ;- a turbine wheel integral in rotation with a hub capable of being linked in rotation to a driven shaft;
- un piston coulissant axialement, monté de manière étanche le long d'une bague centrale interposée axialement entre la paroi transversale de carter et le moyeu de la turbine ; et- an axially sliding piston, mounted in leaktight fashion along a central ring interposed axially between the transverse casing wall and the hub of the turbine; and
- une butée arrière qui limite les déplacements axiaux du piston par rapport à la bague centrale dans le sens correspondant à son éloignement de la face interne de la paroi transversale et qui empêche un contact de frottement direct entre le piston et le moyeu de la roue de turbine, caractérisé en ce que la butée est réalisée en une seule pièce avec la bague centrale.- a rear stop which limits the axial displacements of the piston with respect to the central ring in the direction corresponding to its distance from the internal face of the transverse wall and which prevents direct friction contact between the piston and the wheel hub turbine, characterized in that the stop is made in one piece with the central ring.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques d'exemples de réalisation de 1 ' invention :According to other characteristics of exemplary embodiments of the invention:
- la bague centrale est attelée axialement au piston ; - la bague centrale est réalisée par moulage, notartment en matière plastique ;- the central ring is axially coupled to the piston; - The central ring is made by molding, notably in plastic material;
- la bague centrale est centrée radialement par rapport au piston ; - la bague centrale est centrée radiale ent par rapport à la paroi transversale de carter ;- the central ring is centered radially with respect to the piston; - The central ring is centered radially with respect to the transverse casing wall;
- la bague centrale est centrée radialement par rapport au moyeu de la turbine ; - la butée est globalement en forme d'anneau plat continu ou discontinu d'orientation radiale qui s'étend radialement vers l'extérieur au-delà du corps principal de forme générale tubulaire de la bague centrale ;- The central ring is centered radially with respect to the hub of the turbine; - The stop is generally in the form of a continuous or discontinuous flat ring of radial orientation which extends radially outwards beyond the main body of generally tubular shape of the central ring;
- la bague centrale est centrée radialement et est inmobilisée axialement par rapport à la paroi transversale de carter ou par rapport au moyeu de la turbine ;- The central ring is centered radially and is immobilized axially relative to the transverse casing wall or relative to the hub of the turbine;
- une face transversale arrière de la bague centrale comporte au moins une rainure de lubrification ; et- A rear transverse face of the central ring has at least one lubrication groove; and
- l'extrémité libre de l'arbre mené s'étend axialement à l'intérieur d'un alésage de la bague centrale avec interposition d'une garniture d'étanchéité.- The free end of the driven shaft extends axially inside a bore of the central ring with the interposition of a seal.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : la figure 1 est une demi-vue en coupe axiale partielle d'un appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon un premier exemple de mise en œuvre des principes de l'invention dans lequel la bague centrale et la butée sont surmoulées autour de la périphérie interne du piston ; la figure 2 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la partie inférieure de la figure 1 qui illustre une variante de réalisation d'une bague centrale rapportée sur la périphérie radiale intérieure du piston par surmoulage ; la figure 3 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la partie inférieure de la figure 1 qui illustre une autre variante de réalisation dans laquelle la bague centrale avec la butée est attelée sur la périphérie radiale extérieure par eπmanchement à force ; la figure 4 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la partie inférieure de la figure 1 qui illustre un autre exemple de réalisation dans lequel la bague centrale avec la butée est rapportée sur la périphérie radiale intérieure du piston par emboîtement élastique ; la figure 5 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 1 qui illustre un piston coulissant axialement, monté de manière étanche le long d'une bague centrale selon l'invention qui est montée libre axialement par rapport au carter et à la roue de turbine ; les figures 6 et 7 sont des vues à plus grande échelle de la partie inférieure de la figure 5 qui illustrent deux variantes de réalisation de la bague centrale ,- la figure 8 est une vue similaire à celles des figures 1 et 5 qui illustre un autre exemple de mise en œuvre des principes de 1 ' invention selon lequel le piston est monté coulissant axialement de manière étanche le long de la bague centrale qui est centrée radialement par rapport au carter ; les figures 9 à 19 sont des vues à plus grande échelle de la partie inférieure de la figure 8 qui illustrent des variantes de réalisation des moyens de centrage radial et, le cas échéant, d'attelage axial de la bague centrale par rapport au carter ou à la roue de turbine.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a half-view in partial axial section of an apparatus hydrokinetic coupling according to a first example of implementation of the principles of the invention in which the central ring and the stop are overmolded around the internal periphery of the piston; Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the lower part of Figure 1 which illustrates an alternative embodiment of a central ring attached to the inner radial periphery of the piston by overmolding; Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the lower part of Figure 1 which illustrates another alternative embodiment in which the central ring with the stopper is coupled to the outer radial periphery by force fitting; Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the lower part of Figure 1 which illustrates another embodiment in which the central ring with the stopper is attached to the inner radial periphery of the piston by elastic interlocking; Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 which illustrates an axially sliding piston, sealingly mounted along a central ring according to the invention which is mounted axially free relative to the casing and to the turbine wheel; Figures 6 and 7 are enlarged views of the lower part of Figure 5 which illustrate two alternative embodiments of the central ring, - Figure 8 is a view similar to those of Figures 1 and 5 which illustrates another example of implementation of the principles of one invention according to which the piston is mounted to slide axially in leaktight fashion along the central ring which is centered radially with respect to the casing; FIGS. 9 to 19 are views on a larger scale of the lower part of FIG. 8 which illustrate alternative embodiments of the means for radial centering and, where appropriate, for axial coupling of the central ring relative to the casing or to the turbine wheel.
Selon une conception connue, par exemple du document TO-A-99/45294, auquel on pourra se reporter pour plus de précisions, un appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique 50 comporte, agencés dans un même boîtier étanche rempli d'huile et formant carter 52, un convertisseur de couple et un embrayage de verrouillage 54, usuellement dénαrπié "lock-up". En variante, le convertisseur peut être remplacé par un coupleur hyαrodynarnique, le coupleur se distinguant du convertisseur, cortme cela est bien connu en ce qu'il ne comporte pas de roue de réacteur.According to a known design, for example from document TO-A-99/45294, to which reference may be made for more details, a hydrokinetic coupling device 50 comprises, arranged in the same sealed housing filled with oil and forming housing 52 , a torque converter and a locking clutch 54, usually denαrπié "lock-up". As a variant, the converter can be replaced by a hyαrodynarnic coupler, the coupler being distinguished from the converter, which is well known in that it does not include a reactor wheel.
Dans la description par comparaison qui va suivre, des composants identiques, similaires ou analogues seront désignés par les mêmes chiffres de références.In the description by comparison which follows, identical, similar or analogous components will be designated by the same reference numbers.
Le carter 52, ici métallique, constitue un élément menant et il est propre à être lié en rotation à un arbre menant, à savoir par exemple le vilebrequin (non représenté) du moteur à combustion interne dans le cas d'une application à un véhicule automobile.The housing 52, here metallic, constitutes a driving element and it is suitable for being linked in rotation to a driving shaft, namely for example the crankshaft (not shown) of the internal combustion engine in the case of an application to a vehicle. automobile.
Le carter 52, de forme générale annulaire, est constitué de deux demi-coquilles se faisant face et qui sont fixées de manière étanche à leur périphérie externe, usuellement par une opération de soudage.The housing 52, of generally annular shape, consists of two half-shells facing each other and which are fixed in leaktight manner at their external periphery, usually by a welding operation.
La première demi-coquille avant 56 représentée sur les figures est propre à être liée en rotation à 1 'arbre menant et elle est essentiellement constituée par une paroi annulaire 58 qui est globalement d'orientation transversale, c ' est-à-dire qui s ' étend dans un plan radial perpendiculaire à 1 'axe X-X de 1 ' appareil, et qui est prolongée à sa périphérie externe par une paroi cylindrique en forme de jupe annulaire 60 globalement d'orientation axiale.The first front half-shell 56 shown in the figures is capable of being linked in rotation to the driving shaft and it is essentially constituted by an annular wall 58 which is generally of transverse orientation, that is to say which s 'extends in a radial plane perpendicular to one axis XX of one device, and which is extended at its outer periphery by a cylindrical wall in the form of an annular skirt 60 generally of axial orientation.
La deuxième demi-coquille arrière (non représentée sur les figures par souci de simplicité ainsi que la roue de réacteur du convertisseur) est conformée de façon à définir une roue d' impulseur et comporte à cet effet des aubes sur sa face interne.The second rear half-shell (not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity as well as the reactor wheel of the converter) is shaped so as to define an impeller wheel and for this purpose comprises vanes on its internal face.
Ces aubes font face aux aubes 62 d'une roue de turbine 64 fixée par rivetage, ou en variante par soudage, à un voile 68 de moyeu d'un seul tenant avec un moyeu 70 cannelé intérieurement pour la liaison en rotation à un arbre mené 72, à savoir l'arbre d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses dans le cas d'une application à un véhicule automobile.These blades face the blades 62 of a turbine wheel 64 fixed by riveting, or alternatively by welding, to a hub wall 68 in one piece with a hub 70 internally fluted for the rotational connection to a driven shaft 72, namely the input shaft of the gearbox in the case of an application to a motor vehicle.
L'arbre mené 72 est creusé intérieurement pour formation d'un canalThe driven shaft 72 is hollowed out internally to form a channel
73 permettant à de 1 'huile sous pression de traverser 1 ' arbre .73 allowing pressurized oil to pass through the shaft.
Selon une conception connue, un piston 74 délimite, avec une bague centrale 76, la paroi transversale annulaire 58 et un disque annulaire 78, une chambre 82 à volume variable alimentée à travers 1 ' arbre mené 72. Le disque annulaire 78 porte à fixation, par exemple par collage sur chacune de ses faces transversales opposées, des garnitures de frottement 80.According to a known design, a piston 74 delimits, with a central ring 76, the annular transverse wall 58 and an annular disc 78, a chamber 82 with variable volume supplied through the driven shaft 72. The annular disc 78 carries fixing, for example by bonding on each of its opposite transverse faces, friction linings 80.
Le disque 78 est implanté à la périphérie externe du piston et présente à sa périphérie externe, radialement au-delà du piston 74, des pattes, avec une partie d'orientation axiale, pénétrant chacune dans une encoche, que présente une rondelle de guidage 84 à sa périphérie externe.The disc 78 is located at the outer periphery of the piston and has at its outer periphery, radially beyond the piston 74, lugs, with an axially oriented part, each penetrating into a notch, which has a guide washer 84 at its outer periphery.
Le disque 78 est ainsi lié en rotation, avec mobilité axiale, à la rondelle de guidage 84 avec interposition de ressorts à boudin 86 à action circonférentielle.The disc 78 is thus linked in rotation, with axial mobility, to the guide washer 84 with the interposition of coil springs 86 with circumferential action.
La rondelle 84 de guidage des ressorts 86 se prolonge radialement vers l'intérieur par un flasque annulaire d'orientation transversale 88 qui présente une série de trous 90 pour circulation de l'huile entre le pistonThe washer 84 for guiding the springs 86 is extended radially inwards by an annular flange of transverse orientation 88 which has a series of holes 90 for circulation of the oil between the piston
74 et la roue 64. Ainsi , 1 ' embrayage de verrouillage 54 comporte un amortisseur de torsion implanté en majeure partie entre la roue de turbine 64 et la paroi transversale 58 à la périphérie externe de la première coquille. L'amortisseur de torsion comporte une partie d'entrée, disposée radialement au-dessus du piston 74 et des garnitures 80, constituée par le prolongement axial vers l'arrière du disque 78, les ressorts à boudin 86 et une partie de sortie constituée par le flasque 88 et la rondelle de guidage 84. La partie de sortie est liée en rotation à la roue de turbine 64, plus précisément au moyeu cannelé 70 de celle-ci, tandis que la partie d'entrée est liée en rotation au disque 78 saillant radialement par rapport au piston 74.74 and the wheel 64. Thus, the locking clutch 54 includes a torsion damper located mainly between the turbine wheel 64 and the transverse wall 58 at the outer periphery of the first shell. The torsion damper comprises an inlet part, arranged radially above the piston 74 and the linings 80, constituted by the axial extension towards the rear of the disc 78, the coil springs 86 and an outlet part constituted by the flange 88 and the guide washer 84. The outlet part is linked in rotation to the turbine wheel 64, more precisely to the grooved hub 70 thereof, while the inlet part is linked in rotation to the disc 78 projecting radially with respect to the piston 74.
La partie d'entrée est donc liée de manière débrayable, via le disque 78 et les garnitures 80, à l'arbre menant, le disque 78 avec ses garnitures de frottement 80 étant propre à être serré de manière débrayable entre le piston 74 et la portion en vis-à-vis de la face interne 92 de la paroi transversale 58 formant contre-piston. Le disque 78 est donc accouplé de manière élastique au moyeu cannelé 70 et à la roue de turbine 64.The inlet part is therefore disengageably linked, via the disk 78 and the linings 80, to the driving shaft, the disk 78 with its friction linings 80 being suitable for being disengageably clamped between the piston 74 and the portion facing the internal face 92 of the transverse wall 58 forming a counter-piston. The disc 78 is therefore coupled elastically to the splined hub 70 and to the turbine wheel 64.
Plus précisément, la roue de turbine 64 est entraînée en rotation par la roue d' impulseur grâce à la circulation d'huile contenue dans le boîtier au carter étanche et, après démarrage du véhicule, l'embrayage de verrouillage 54 permet, en vue d'éviter les phénomènes de glissement entre les roues de turbine et d' impulseur, une solidarisation directe (ou pontage) de l'arbre mené avec l'arbre menant et ceci par serrage des garnitures de frottement 80 et du disque 78 entre le piston 74 et le contre-piston 58, 92 avec entraînement direct de l'arbre mené par la coquille de carter. Avantageusement, la cormande de l'embrayage de verrouillage 54 peut s'effectuer avec un glissement contrôlé.More specifically, the turbine wheel 64 is rotated by the impeller wheel thanks to the circulation of oil contained in the sealed casing and, after starting the vehicle, the locking clutch 54 allows, in order to '' avoid the phenomena of sliding between the turbine and impeller wheels, a direct connection (or bridging) of the driven shaft with the driving shaft and this by tightening the friction linings 80 and the disc 78 between the piston 74 and counter piston 58, 92 with direct drive of the shaft driven by the casing shell. Advantageously, the locking clutch 54 can be operated with a controlled slip.
Pour desserrer 1 ' embrayage (dépontage) , on envoie de la pression dans la chambre 82 à vol-urne variable. En position embrayage engagé, c'est- à-dire lorsque les garnitures 80 sont serrées, la chaπibre à volume variable 82 est dépressurisée. Cette chambre 82 est donc délimitée extérieurement par le disque 78 et les garnitures 80, le piston 74 et la paroi 58 présentant à leur périphérie externe chacune une face de friction plane transversale pour les garnitures 80.To release the clutch (release), pressure is sent to the chamber 82 with variable ballot box. In the engaged clutch position, that is to say when the linings 80 are tight, the variable volume chain 82 is depressurized. This chamber 82 is therefore delimited externally by the disc 78 and the linings 80, the piston 74 and the wall 58 each having at their outer periphery a transverse plane friction face for the linings 80.
On notera que le piston 74 est lié en rotation à la paroi transversale 58 de la première demi-coquille par des languettes élastiques 94 d'orientation tangentielle réparties régulièrement circonféren- tiellement, ces languettes 94 autorisant un mouvement axial du piston 74. Les languettes peuvent être attelées à la paroi transversale 58 par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce annulaire métallique 96, solidaire de la paroi transversale 58. Pour l'attelage des languettes 94 au piston 74, on met en œuvre des moyens de fixation de conception connue.It will be noted that the piston 74 is linked in rotation to the transverse wall 58 of the first half-shell by elastic tongues 94 of tangential orientation distributed regularly circumferentially, these tongues 94 allowing an axial movement of the piston 74. The tongues can be coupled to the transverse wall 58 by means of a metallic annular piece 96, integral with the transverse wall 58. For the coupling of the tongues 94 to the piston 74, fixing means of known design are used.
Les languettes 94 s ' étendent dans le volume délimité radialement par les garnitures de frottement 80 et l'axe X-X de l'ensemble, c'est-à- dire dans la chambre à volume variable 82.The tongues 94 extend in the volume delimited radially by the friction linings 80 and the axis X-X of the assembly, that is to say in the variable-volume chamber 82.
Confoπriément aux enseignements de 1 ' invention, la bague centrale 76 est un composant indépendant de la paroi transversale 58 du carter et elle est interposée axialement entre la face interne 92 de la paroi transversale 58 et une face transversale avant 98 du moyeu 70, le moyeu 70 se prolongeant, radialement vers l'extérieur par le flasque 68. Le tronçon d'extrémité libre 100 de l'arbre mené 72, dont le diamètre est inférieur à celui de sa partie arrière cannelée, s'étend axialement à l'intérieur d'un alésage radial intérieur 102 de la bague 76 avec interposition d'une garniture d'étanchéité 104. La garniture d'étanchéité dynamique 104 est ici un segment, en variante un joint d'étanchéité.In accordance with the teachings of the invention, the central ring 76 is an independent component of the transverse wall 58 of the casing and it is interposed axially between the internal face 92 of the transverse wall 58 and a front transverse face 98 of the hub 70, the hub 70 extending radially outward by the flange 68. The free end section 100 of the shaft conduit 72, the diameter of which is less than that of its grooved rear part, extends axially inside an internal radial bore 102 of the ring 76 with the interposition of a sealing gasket 104. The gasket dynamic seal 104 is here a segment, alternatively a seal.
Selon le premier exemple illustré à la figure 1, la bague centrale 76 est une pièce moulée en matière plastique qui est rapportée sur la périphérie radiale intérieure 103 du piston 74.According to the first example illustrated in FIG. 1, the central ring 76 is a plastic molded part which is attached to the inner radial periphery 103 of the piston 74.
Plus précisément, la bague 76 se présente sous la forme d'une pièce annulaire réalisée par moulage, ici de préférence en matière plastique, qui est délimitée axialement par une face transversale avant 106 adjacente à la face interne 92 de la paroi 58 du carter et par une face transversale arrière 108 adjacente à la face transversale avant 98 du flasque 68 du moyeu 70. La bague centrale annulaire 76 est aussi délimitée radialement vers 1 ' intérieur par son alésage 102 et vers 1 ' extérieur par une face cylindrique extérieure 110. La bague centrale 76 est de préférence réalisée par surmoulage autour de la périphérie radiale intérieure 103 du piston 74 de manière à la rendre solidaire du piston 74 et d'assurer aussi une liaison parfaitement étanche entre ces deux éléments.More specifically, the ring 76 is in the form of an annular part produced by molding, here preferably made of plastic, which is axially delimited by a front transverse face 106 adjacent to the internal face 92 of the wall 58 of the casing and by a rear transverse face 108 adjacent to the front transverse face 98 of the flange 68 of the hub 70. The annular central ring 76 is also delimited radially inwardly by its bore 102 and outwardly by an outer cylindrical face 110. The central ring 76 is preferably produced by overmolding around the inner radial periphery 103 of the piston 74 so as to make it integral with the piston 74 and also to ensure a perfectly sealed connection between these two elements.
La bague 76 est attelée axialement au piston 74 du fait de sa forme et de son surmoulage autour de la périphérie radiale intérieure 103 avec des joues avant 112 et arrière 114 qui se prolongent radialement versThe ring 76 is axially coupled to the piston 74 due to its shape and its overmolding around the inner radial periphery 103 with front 112 and rear 114 flanges which extend radially towards
1 ' extérieur le long des faces latérales en vis à vis de la périphérie radiale 103 du piston 74.1 outside along the lateral faces facing the radial periphery 103 of the piston 74.
La joue arrière 114 constitue ici une butée 178 en forme d'anneau plat qui délimite axialement vers l'arrière, c'est à dire vers le voile 68, le coulissement axial de manière étanche de l'équipage bague-piston 76, 74 par rapport à l'arbre mené 72.The rear cheek 114 here constitutes a stop 178 in the form of a flat ring which delimits axially towards the rear, that is to say towards the web 68, the axial sliding in leaktight manner of the ring-piston assembly 76, 74 by compared to the led tree 72.
La butée 178 est donc réalisée conformément à l'invention, en une seule pièce avec la bague 76, évitant ainsi tout contact direct, notartment un frottement métal-métal, entre le piston 74 et le voile 68 situé en vis à vis.The stop 178 is therefore produced in accordance with the invention, in one piece with the ring 76, thus avoiding any direct contact, in particular a metal-to-metal friction, between the piston 74 and the web 68 located opposite.
Bien entendu d'autres variantes de réalisation de la butée 178 sont envisageables, ainsi à titre d'exemple la butée peut être un anneau discontinu, c'est à dire une succession de secteurs, ce qui permet en outre de réduire la matière nécessaire à sa réalisation.Of course, other alternative embodiments of the stop 178 can be envisaged, so by way of example the stop can be a ring discontinuous, ie a succession of sectors, which also makes it possible to reduce the material necessary for its production.
Ainsi qu'on l'aura compris, la réalisation de la butée 178 par moulage ou surmoulage, notamment de matière plastique, offre une grande facilité de mise en oeuvre et une grande adaptabilité avec les pièces environnantes telles que le piston ou encore l'équipage roue de turbine- moyeu et ce quel qu'en soit les dimensions radiales ou axiales.As will be understood, the production of the stop 178 by molding or overmolding, in particular of plastic material, offers great ease of implementation and great adaptability with the surrounding parts such as the piston or the crew. turbine wheel-hub and this whatever the radial or axial dimensions.
Pour assurer un bon attelage en rotation de la bague 76 avec le piston 74, la périphérie radiale intérieure 103 de ce dernier peut comporter des moyens tels que des dents ou créneaux 116 répartis angulairement, notarrment de manière régulière, autour de l'axe X-X. A titre de variante non représentée, les créneaux peuvent être remplacés par des trous axiaux formés dans la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 74 et qui sont traversés par le matériau de moulage. En variante, les moyens d'attelage appartiennent à la bague centrale 76.To ensure good coupling in rotation of the ring 76 with the piston 74, the inner radial periphery 103 of the latter may include means such as teeth or slots 116 distributed angularly, notably regularly, around the axis X-X. As a variant not shown, the slots can be replaced by axial holes formed in the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 and which are traversed by the molding material. As a variant, the coupling means belong to the central ring 76.
Pour permettre 1 ' alimentation de la chambre de commande 82 par le canal 73 formé dans 1 ' arbre mené 72 , la face transversale 106 de la bague 76 comporte une série de passages 118 qui mettent en ccπmunication une chambre centrale 120, réalisée à la faveur d'un embouti central 122 qui se prolonge axialement vers l'avant de la paroi transversale 68 du carter, et la chambre de commande 82 délimitée entre le piston 64 et la paroi 58.To allow the supply of the control chamber 82 through the channel 73 formed in the driven shaft 72, the transverse face 106 of the ring 76 has a series of passages 118 which put into communication a central chamber 120, produced in favor a central stamping 122 which extends axially towards the front of the transverse wall 68 of the casing, and the control chamber 82 delimited between the piston 64 and the wall 58.
Chaque passage 118 est par exemple constitué par une rainure débouchant radialement à ses deux extrémités opposées, la face transversale avant 106 de la bague 76 comporte une série de rainures 118 réparties angulairement de manière régulière autour de l'axe X-X.Each passage 118 is for example constituted by a groove opening radially at its two opposite ends, the front transverse face 106 of the ring 76 comprises a series of grooves 118 distributed angularly in a regular manner around the axis X-X.
L'étanchéité de la chambre 82, 120 vers l'arrière est assurée par la garniture d'étanchéité 104 qui, dans ce premier exemple de réalisation, est un segment monté dans une gorge 124 usinée dans la périphérie radiale extérieure 126 du tronçon d'extrémité libre avant 100 de l'arbre mené 72.The tightness of the chamber 82, 120 towards the rear is ensured by the seal 104 which, in this first embodiment, is a segment mounted in a groove 124 machined in the outer radial periphery 126 of the section of free front end 100 of the driven shaft 72.
La bague 76, avec le piston 74 auquel elle est attelée, est ainsi libre de coulisser de manière étanche par rapport à 1 ' arbre mené 72 pour permettre la réalisation de 1 ' opération de pontage ou de dépontage de 1 ' embrayage. De manière à favoriser le glissement par une meilleure lubrification, une série de rainures 128 est formée dans la face transversale arrière 108 de la bague centrale 76. Les rainures 128 sont par exemple réparties angulairement de manière régulière et, cαnme les rainures 118, elles sont avantageusement réalisées par moulage lors de la réalisation de la bague 76.The ring 76, with the piston 74 to which it is coupled, is thus free to slide in leaktight manner with respect to the driven shaft 72 in order to allow the bridging or dismounting operation of the clutch to be carried out. In order to promote sliding by better lubrication, a series of grooves 128 is formed in the rear transverse face 108 of the central ring 76. The grooves 128 are for example distributed angularly in a regular manner and, like the grooves 118, they are advantageously produced by molding during the production of the ring 76.
La réalisation par moulage en matière plastique de la bague 76 permet une réduction de poids, facilite les opérations d'assemblage dans la mesure où elle est attelée au piston 74 et permet de garantir une parfaite étanchéité de la chambre de commande 82 grâce à la présence d'une seule garniture d'étanchéité 104, la paroi transversale 58 étant par ailleurs de conception plus simple que dans 1 ' état de la technique dans la mesure où sa partie centrale 122 ne comporte pas d'ouverture, l' étanchéité de l'ensemble étant ici encore améliorée, et où aucun usinage particulier n'est nécessaire.The production by plastic molding of the ring 76 allows a reduction in weight, facilitates the assembly operations insofar as it is coupled to the piston 74 and makes it possible to guarantee a perfect seal of the control chamber 82 thanks to the presence of a single seal 104, the transverse wall 58 being moreover of simpler design than in the prior art insofar as its central part 122 does not have an opening, the sealing of the assembly being here further improved, and where no particular machining is necessary.
Dans la variante illustrée à la figure 2, la garniture d'étanchéité 104 qui intervient entre la bague centrale 76 et 1 ' arbre mené 72 , est un joint d'étanchéité qui est monté dans une gorge 124, qui est ici réalisée venue de matière par moulage avec la bague 76 en étant formée dans l'alésage intérieur 102 de cette dernière.In the variant illustrated in FIG. 2, the gasket 104 which intervenes between the central ring 76 and the driven shaft 72, is a gasket which is mounted in a groove 124, which is here produced integrally by molding with the ring 76 while being formed in the internal bore 102 of the latter.
En variante, la garniture d'étanchéité 104 est un joint qui est moulé dans la gorge 124 ou qui est réalisé avec la bague 76 selon une technique de co-moulage ou de co-extrusion.As a variant, the gasket 104 is a seal which is molded in the groove 124 or which is produced with the ring 76 according to a co-molding or co-extrusion technique.
En variante, la gorge 124 formée dans l'alésage intérieur 102 de la bague centrale 76 reçoit un talon d'une garniture d'étanchéité 104 qui est ici un joint d'étanchéité à lèvres dissymétrique.As a variant, the groove 124 formed in the internal bore 102 of the central ring 76 receives a heel of a gasket 104 which is here an asymmetrical lip seal.
La garniture 104 comporte alors une lèvre d'étanchéité arrière de grande longueur axiale, et donc souple, qui coopère avec la partie en vis à vis de la périphérie extérieure 126 du tronçon d'extrémité libre avant de l'arbre mené 72, et elle comporte aussi une lèvre avant plus courte axialement, une troisième lèvre ou nervure intermédiaire étant prévue entre les deux lèvres arrière et avant. En alternative, la garniture d'étanchéité 104 comporte deux lèvres symétriques arrière et avant de grande longueur axiale, le talon étant ici, coume précédemment, emboîté dans la gorge 124 ou moulé dans cette dernière, le cas échéant lors d'une opération de co-moulage de la garniture 104 avec la bague 76. En variante, la garniture d'étanchéité 104 comporte une seule lèvre arrière qui coopère de manière étanche avec la périphérie radialement extérieure 126 du tronçon d'extrémité libre avant de l'arbre mené 72 sous l'action d'un ressort de serrage en forme d'anneau. En variante, la garniture d'étanchéité 104 présente, en section transversale, une section en forme de U dont la branche latérale verticale constitue le talon de montage de la garniture 104 sur la bague centrale 76 et dont la branche latérale verticale arrière s ' étend dans une gorge radiale intérieure ccmplémentaire formée dans 1 ' alésage intérieur 102 de la bague 76.The lining 104 then comprises a rear sealing lip of great axial length, and therefore flexible, which cooperates with the part opposite the outer periphery 126 of the free end section before the driven shaft 72, and it also has an axially shorter front lip, a third lip or intermediate rib being provided between the two rear and front lips. Alternatively, the gasket 104 has two symmetrical rear and front lips of great axial length, the heel being here, previously bent, fitted into the groove 124 or molded in the latter, if necessary during an operation of co molding of the lining 104 with the ring 76. As a variant, the sealing lining 104 comprises a single rear lip which cooperates in leaktight manner with the radially outer periphery 126 of the free end section before the driven shaft 72 under the action of a ring-shaped clamping spring. As a variant, the gasket 104 has, in cross section, a U-shaped section whose vertical lateral branch constitutes the mounting heel of the gasket 104 on the central ring 76 and whose rear vertical lateral branch extends in an additional internal radial groove formed in the internal bore 102 of the ring 76.
La partie centrale ou branche centrale de la garniture en U coopère de manière étanche avec la périphérie radialement extérieure 126 du tronçon d'extrémité libre avant de l'arbre mené 72, des trous ou passages axiaux étant formés dans la branche annulaire pour permettre un bon fonctionnement du joint.The central part or central branch of the U-shaped lining cooperates in a sealed manner with the radially outer periphery 126 of the free end section before the driven shaft 72, holes or axial passages being formed in the annular branch to allow good operation of the seal.
De façon similaire à la variante précédente en ce qui concerne la conception générale de la garniture d'étanchéité 104 qui, avec son profil en U, entoure ici une nervure radialement intérieure formée dans la paroi de l'alésage intérieur 102 de la bague centrale 76 pour une meilleure tenue d'étanchéité de la garniture d'étanchéité 104, un ou plusieurs perçages étant formés en biais dans la bague centrale 76 pour mettre en coπrriunication l'intérieur de la garniture d'étanchéité 104 en U avec les rainures de lubrification 128. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustrée à la figure 3, la bague centrale 76 est rapportée par emmanchement à force entre la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 74 et l'arbre mené 72.Similarly to the previous variant with regard to the general design of the seal 104 which, with its U-shaped profile, here surrounds a radially inner rib formed in the wall of the inner bore 102 of the central ring 76 for a better sealing resistance of the seal 104, one or more bores being formed at an angle in the central ring 76 in order to bring the interior of the seal 104 into a U-shaped connection with the lubrication grooves 128 In the example of embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the central ring 76 is added by force fitting between the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 and the driven shaft 72.
En section axiale, la bague centrale 76 a ici sensiblement la forme d'un « L » comportant une branche verticale et une branche horizontale respectivement.In axial section, the central ring 76 here has substantially the shape of an "L" comprising a vertical branch and a horizontal branch respectively.
La branche verticale, interposée axialement entre la face latérale arrière du piston 74 opposée au carter 58 et en vis à vis du voile 68, forme la butée 178 en forme d'anneau plat qui limite axialement vers l'arrière le coulisse ent du piston. Avantageusement, la butée 178 comporte des rainures 128 de lubrification. La butée 178 peut consister, en une couronne continue en variante discontinue, c'est à dire une succession de secteurs. De préférence la butée 178 est réalisée en matériau synthétique, chargé ou non, ledit matériau étant choisi selon le coefficient de frottement souhaité. La branche horizontale est errmanchée à force dans la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 74 selon un procédé qui permet d'assurer l'étanchéité entre la périphérie radialement extérieure de la branche horizontale et le piston 74. L'étanchéité dynamique entre la bague 76, ici la périphérie radialement intérieure de la branche horizontale, et l'arbre mené 72 est obtenue par interposition d'une garniture d'étanchéité 104, qui peut être indifféreriment associée à l'un ou à l'autre de ces deux éléments. Avantageusement la bague 76 avec ses deux branches du « L » est réalisée en matière plastique, par exemple par moulage, et elle peut comporter une virole de renfort 300, ici métallique, qui constitue la périphérie radialement extérieure de la branche horizontale pour permettre 1 'ertmanchement à force. La virole 300 métallique constitue ainsi un insert de renfort de la bague. Selon l'invention, la butée 178 est réalisée d'une seule pièce avec la bague centrale 76.The vertical branch, axially interposed between the rear lateral face of the piston 74 opposite the casing 58 and opposite the web 68, forms the stop 178 in the form of a flat ring which axially limits the rearward slide of the piston. Advantageously, the stop 178 has grooves 128 for lubrication. The stop 178 may consist of a continuous crown in a discontinuous variant, that is to say a succession of sectors. Preferably the stop 178 is made of synthetic material, loaded or not, said material being chosen according to the desired coefficient of friction. The horizontal branch is forcibly fitted into the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 according to a method which makes it possible to ensure the seal between the radially outer periphery of the horizontal branch and the piston 74. The dynamic seal between the ring 76, here the radially inner periphery of the horizontal branch, and the driven shaft 72 is obtained by the interposition of a gasket 104, which can be indifferently associated with one or the other of these two elements. Advantageously, the ring 76 with its two branches of the "L" is made of plastic, for example by molding, and it may include a reinforcing ferrule 300, here metallic, which constitutes the radially outer periphery of the horizontal branch to allow 1 ' force fitting. The metallic ferrule 300 thus constitutes a reinforcement insert for the ring. According to the invention, the stop 178 is made in one piece with the central ring 76.
Ainsi on peut optimiser par le choix de la matière, le coefficient de frottement de la branche verticale formant butée 178.Thus, the choice of material can optimize the friction coefficient of the vertical branch forming stop 178.
Avantageusement, la virole 300 comporte un bord d'orientation radiale intérieure qui s'insère dans la branche horizontale de la bague 76 pour assurer la liaison axiale entre ces deux pièces.Advantageously, the ferrule 300 has an inner radial orientation edge which is inserted into the horizontal branch of the ring 76 to ensure the axial connection between these two parts.
Dans 1 ' exemple de réalisation illustrée à la figure 4, la bague centrale 76 est une pièce moulée en matière plastique qui est rapportée et attelée à la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 74, mais elle est ici fixée par emboîtement élastique.In one embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the central ring 76 is a molded plastic part which is attached and coupled to the radially inner portion 103 of the piston 74, but it is here fixed by elastic interlocking.
A cet effet, la partie radialement intérieure la bague centrale 76 est d'une conception globalement similaire à celle illustrée à la figure 1, tandis que sa partie supérieure, c'est à dire radialement extérieure, 158 est conformée pour épouser la forme de la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 64 et permettre sa fixation et son attelage.To this end, the radially inner part of the central ring 76 is of a design generally similar to that illustrated in FIG. 1, while its upper part, that is to say radially outer, 158 is shaped to conform to the shape of the radially inner part 103 of the piston 64 and allow its attachment and coupling.
A cet effet, une joue radialement extérieure et arrière 114 s'étend le long de la face latérale arrière en vis à vis de la partie 103, tandis qu'une jupe annulaire intermédiaire 160 s'étend axialement en regard du bord radialement intérieur de la partie 103. La joue arrière 114 forme, ccme pour les figures 1 et 2, une butée 178 qui limite axialement vers l'arrière, c'est à dire vers le voile 68, le coulissement du piston 74 attelé à la bague 76, par rapport à l'arbre mené 72.To this end, a radially outer and rear cheek 114 extends along the rear lateral face opposite the part 103, while an intermediate annular skirt 160 extends axially opposite the radially inner edge of the part 103. The rear cheek 114 forms, as in FIGS. 1 and 2, a stop 178 which limits axially towards the rear, that is to say towards the web 68, the sliding of the piston 74 coupled to the ring 76, by compared to the led tree 72.
Une partie annulaire évidée 162 confère une élasticité, radialement vers l'intérieur à la joue annulaire 160 de manière à permettre sa déformation élastique pour la fixation par emboîtement ou encliquetage de la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 74 en arrière d'un talon de retenue 164 formé au bord d'extrémité libre axiale avant de la jupe 160. Pour lier la bague 76 en rotation au piston 74, la joue 114 s'étend entre des nervures embouties ccmplémentaire 166 de la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 74.A hollowed out annular part 162 gives elasticity, radially inwards to the annular cheek 160 so as to allow its elastic deformation for fixing by interlocking or snap-fastening of the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 behind a retaining heel 164 formed at the front axial free end edge of the skirt 160. To link the ring 76 in rotation to the piston 74, the cheek 114 extends between additional stamped ribs 166 of the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74.
Afin de garantir l' étanchéité de la chambre de ccmmande 82-120, un joint torique d'étanchéité 170 est interposé entre le bord radialement intérieur de la partie 103 du piston 74 et la partie en vis à vis de la jupe 160 de la bague centrale 76, le joint d'étanchéité 170 étant ici reçu dans une gorge radiale ccmplémentaire 172 réalisée par moulage avec la bague 76, dans la périphérie radialement extérieure de sa jupe de fixation 160.In order to guarantee the tightness of the control chamber 82-120, an O-ring seal 170 is interposed between the radially inner edge of the part 103 of the piston 74 and the part opposite the skirt 160 of the ring. central 76, the seal 170 being here received in a complementary radial groove 172 produced by molding with the ring 76, in the radially outer periphery of its fixing skirt 160.
Ici aussi, la bague centrale 76 est avantageusement réalisée par moulage en matière plastique.Here too, the central ring 76 is advantageously produced by plastic molding.
On décrira maintenant un autre exemple de mise en œuvre des principes de l'invention avec en référence à la figure 5, un premier exemple de réalisation dans lequel la bague centrale 76 est une bague centrale de guidage en coulissement du piston 74 et qui est réalisée sous la forme d'un composant qui est monté libre axialement entre la paroi 58 de carter et le moyeu 68, 70 de la roue du turbine.Another example of implementation of the principles of the invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 5, a first embodiment in which the central ring 76 is a central guide ring for sliding the piston 74 and which is produced in the form of a component which is mounted axially free between the casing wall 58 and the hub 68, 70 of the turbine wheel.
Dans cette conception, la partie radialement inférieure 103 du piston 74 est monté coulissante axialement par rapport à la bague centrale 76 de guidage du piston.In this design, the radially lower part 103 of the piston 74 is slidably mounted axially relative to the central ring 76 for guiding the piston.
A cet effet, le bord cylindrique radialement intérieur 174 de la partie 103 s'étend en regard, avec un léger jeu radial, d'une porté cylindrique radialement extérieure 176 de la bague centrale de guidage 76 qui est délimitée axialement vers 1 ' arrière par une buté 178 qui est ici réalisée venue de matière par moulage avec la bague 76 sous la forme d'un voile radialement extérieur contre lequel peut venir axialement en appui la partie en vis à vis de la face transversale arrière de la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 74. L'étanchéité de la chambre 82 est assurée par un joint d'étanchéité 170 qui est reçu dans une gorge 172 formée ici dans la bague centrale de guidage 76, la gorge 172 étant par exemple réalisée par moulage avec la bague 176.To this end, the radially inner cylindrical edge 174 of the part 103 extends opposite, with a slight radial clearance, from a radially outer cylindrical bearing 176 of the central guide ring 76 which is delimited axially towards the rear by a stop 178 which is here produced integrally by molding with the ring 76 in the form of a radially outer veil against which can axially bear the portion opposite the rear transverse face of the radially inner portion 103 of the piston 74. The tightness of the chamber 82 is ensured by a seal 170 which is received in a groove 172 formed here in the central guide ring 76, the groove 172 being for example produced by molding with the ring 176.
Il est bien entendu possible de réaliser le joint 170 sous une autre forme, ou de le mouler dans la gorge 172, ou bien de le réaliser par co-moulage avec la bague centrale 76.It is of course possible to produce the seal 170 in another form, or to mold it in the groove 172, or else to produce it by co-molding with the central ring 76.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustrée à la figure 5, la bague 76 est donc libre axialement par rapport à la paroi de carter 58 et par rapport au tronçon radialement intérieur du flasque 68 du moyeu 70 de la roue de turbine 64.In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the ring 76 is therefore free axially with respect to the casing wall 58 and by relative to the radially inner section of the flange 68 of the hub 70 of the turbine wheel 64.
De plus, il n'est prévu aucun moyen de centrage radial de la bague centrale 76 de guidage du piston 74 par rapport à la paroi transversale 68, ni par rapport à la roue de turbine 54.In addition, there is no provision for radial centering of the central ring 76 for guiding the piston 74 relative to the transverse wall 68, nor relative to the turbine wheel 54.
La variante de réalisation de la figure 6 diffère de celle de la figure 5 en ce qu'il est prévu des moyens de centrage radial de la bague centrale 76 par rapport à la paroi de carter 58.The variant embodiment of FIG. 6 differs from that of FIG. 5 in that means are provided for radial centering of the central ring 76 relative to the casing wall 58.
A cet effet, la bague centrale 76 se prolonge radialement à l'intérieur et axialement vers l'avant par un talon annulaire de centrageTo this end, the central ring 76 is extended radially inside and axially forwards by an annular centering heel.
180 dont la forme extérieure 182 est ccmplémentaire de la forme intérieure du coude 184 qui relie la partie centrale 122 à la paroi transversale 58 du carter.180, the external shape 182 of which is complementary to the internal shape of the elbow 184 which connects the central part 122 to the transverse wall 58 of the casing.
D'une manière symétrique, cortme cela est représenté à la figure 7, il est possible de prévoir un talon annulaire arrière 186 sur la partie radialement intérieure de la bague centrale 76 pour la centrer radialement par rapport à la roue de la turbine, le profil extérieur 188 du talon arrière 186 étant complémentaire du profil intérieur de la partie 190 de raccordement entre le moyeu axial cannelé 170 et la partie radialement intérieure du flasque 68 de la roue de turbine.Symmetrically, as shown in Figure 7, it is possible to provide a rear annular heel 186 on the radially inner part of the central ring 76 to center it radially relative to the turbine wheel, the profile outside 188 of the rear heel 186 being complementary to the inside profile of the part 190 for connection between the splined axial hub 170 and the radially inside part of the flange 68 of the turbine wheel.
On décrira maintenant la troisième série d'exemples de réalisation de mise en œuvre des principes de 1 ' invention qui est illustrée aux figures 8 et suivantes.We will now describe the third series of embodiments of implementation of the principles of one invention which is illustrated in Figures 8 and following.
Sur ces figures, la conception générale de la bague centrale 76 est globalement identique à celle illustrée notarrment à la figure 5, c'est à dire que la partie radialement intérieure 103 du piston 74 est libre axialement par rapport à la bague centrale de guidage 76, avec interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité 170.In these figures, the general design of the central ring 76 is generally identical to that illustrated notably in FIG. 5, that is to say that the radially inner part 103 of the piston 74 is axially free relative to the central guide ring 76 , with interposition of a seal 170.
Dans 1 ' exemple de réalisation illustré à la figure 8 , la bague centrale de guidage 76 est fixée au couvercle ou carter, et plus particulièrement à la paroi transversale 58 de ce dernier.In one embodiment illustrated in Figure 8, the central guide ring 76 is fixed to the cover or housing, and more particularly to the transverse wall 58 of the latter.
A cet effet, la paroi 58 comporte une série de pions d'accrochage 200 à tête chanfreinée 202 qui s'étendent axialement vers l'arrière depuis la face interne 92 de la paroi 58 et dont chacun est reçu, par emboîtement élastique, dans un trou complémentaire 204 formé en vis à vis et qui débouche axialement vers 1 ' avant dans la face transversale avant 106 de la bague centrale de guidage 76. Pour permettre 1 ' emboîtement et 1 ' accrochage par encliquetage des pions 200 dans les trous 204, ces derniers comportent, au voisinage de leur extrémité libre, des lèvres d'accrochage déformables élastiquement qui sont constituées sous la forme de talons 206 reçus, sans jeu axial, dans la gorge ccmplémentaire 208 délimitée axialement vers l'arrière par la tête 202.To this end, the wall 58 comprises a series of hooking pins 200 with a chamfered head 202 which extend axially towards the rear from the internal face 92 of the wall 58 and each of which is received, by elastic interlocking, in a complementary hole 204 formed opposite and which opens axially towards the front in the front transverse face 106 of the central guide ring 76. To allow the interlocking and latching of the pins 200 into the holes 204, the latter comprise, in the vicinity of their free end, elastically deformable hooking lips which are formed in the form of heels 206 received, without play axial, in the additional groove 208 delimited axially towards the rear by the head 202.
Ainsi, il est possible de fixer radialement et axialement la bague centrale 76 sur le couvercle 58 en emboîtant élastiquement les pions 200 dans les trous 204, la fixation axiale étant ici sans jeu. La variante de réalisation illustrée à la figure 9 est globalement identique à celle de la figure 8 à l'exception de la dimension axiale des talons 206 qui est inférieure à celle de la gorge 208 de manière à permettre un débattement axial de la bague centrale 76 par rapport à la paroi transversale 58. Comme précéderrment, les pions 200 avec leur têtes 202 sont réalisés venus de matière avec la paroi 58.Thus, it is possible to radially and axially fix the central ring 76 on the cover 58 by elastically fitting the pins 200 into the holes 204, the axial fixing here being without play. The variant embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9 is generally identical to that of FIG. 8 with the exception of the axial dimension of the heels 206 which is less than that of the groove 208 so as to allow axial movement of the central ring 76 relative to the transverse wall 58. As before, the pins 200 with their heads 202 are produced integrally with the wall 58.
La variante de réalisation représentée à la figure 10 diffère de celle représentée à la figure 8 par la nature des trous 204 qui sont remplacés par une gorge axiale unique formée dans la face transversale avant 106 de la bague centrale 76 et qui est délimitée radialement vers 1 ' intérieur au voisinage de la face transversale avant 106 par un talon déformable élastiquement 200 en forme d'anneau continu en arrière duquel les têtes 202 des pions 200 viennent s'emboîter élastiquement.The variant embodiment shown in FIG. 10 differs from that shown in FIG. 8 by the nature of the holes 204 which are replaced by a single axial groove formed in the front transverse face 106 of the central ring 76 and which is delimited radially towards 1 inside in the vicinity of the front transverse face 106 by an elastically deformable heel 200 in the form of a continuous ring behind which the heads 202 of the pins 200 come to fit elastically.
Dans la variante de réalisation illustrée à la figure 11, la bague centrale 76 de guidage du piston 74, 103 est fixée à la roue de turbine, et plus particulièrement au flasque 68 de son moyeu 70.In the variant embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11, the central ring 76 for guiding the piston 74, 103 is fixed to the turbine wheel, and more particularly to the flange 68 of its hub 70.
Dans cet exemple de réalisation, la bague centrale 76 comporte à cet effet une série de pions déformables élastiquement 210, répartis angulairement de manière régulière autour de 1 'axe X-X et qui s 'étendent axialement vers l'arrière depuis la face transversale arrière 108 de la bague centrale 76, chaque pion étant emboîté élastiquement dans un trou ccmplémentaire 212 formé en vis à vis dans le flasque 68.In this exemplary embodiment, the central ring 76 has for this purpose a series of elastically deformable pins 210, angularly distributed in a regular manner around the axis XX and which extend axially rearward from the rear transverse face 108 of the central ring 76, each pin being fitted elastically into a complementary hole 212 formed opposite in the flange 68.
On réalise ainsi une fixation selon la direction radiale et selon la direction axiale, sans jeu, de la bague centrale 76 par rapport au flasque 68 de la roue de turbine.This produces a fixing in the radial direction and in the axial direction, without play, of the central ring 76 relative to the flange 68 of the turbine wheel.
Aux variantes de réalisation illustrées respectivement aux figures 12 et 13, la bague centrale 76 est fixée par collage, respectivement sur la paroi transversale 58 du couvercle ou sur le flasque 68 du moyeu cannelé 70 de manière à fixer la bague 76 radialement et axialement par rapport à 1 ' élément correspondant.In the variant embodiments illustrated respectively in FIGS. 12 and 13, the central ring 76 is fixed by gluing, respectively to the transverse wall 58 of the cover or to the flange 68 of the splined hub 70 so as to fix the ring 76 radially and axially with respect to the corresponding element.
A cet effet, des cordons de colle 214 peuvent être déposés dans des gorges correspondantes formées dans la face transversale avant 106 respectivement arrière 108 de la bague centrale 76.To this end, beads of glue 214 can be deposited in corresponding grooves formed in the front transverse face 106 respectively rear 108 of the central ring 76.
Dans la variante de réalisation illustrée à la figure 14, la bague centrale 76 est centrée radialement par rapport à la paroi transversale 58 du carter qui comporte à cet effet une série de pion 200, sans têtes, analogues aux pions 200 de la figure 8 dont chacun est reçu dans un trou ccmplémentaire 204 de la partie centrale 76.In the alternative embodiment illustrated in FIG. 14, the central ring 76 is centered radially with respect to the transverse wall 58 of the casing which for this purpose comprises a series of pins 200, without heads, similar to the pins 200 of FIG. 8 of which each is received in an additional hole 204 in the central part 76.
Les pions 200 assurent ainsi un centrage radial de la bague 76 par rapport au carter, mais la bague 76 peut se déplacer axialement par rapport à ce dernier par coulissement des pions 200 dans les trous 204, la bague 76 étant ici par ailleurs libre axialement par rapport au moyeu 68, 70 de la roue de turbine.The pins 200 thus ensure a radial centering of the ring 76 relative to the casing, but the ring 76 can move axially relative to the latter by sliding the pins 200 in the holes 204, the ring 76 being here also free axially by relative to the hub 68, 70 of the turbine wheel.
D'une manière symétrique, selon la variante représentée à la figure 15, la bague centrale 76 de guidage du piston 74 peut être centrée radialement par rapport à la roue de turbine avec une possibilité de déplacement axial par rapport à cette dernière. A cet effet, la bague centrale 76 comporte -une série de pions, sans têtes, analogues aux pions 210 de la figure 11 dont chacun est reçu en coulissement dans un trou ccmplémentaire formé en vis à vis 212 dans le flasque 68 du moyeu cannelé 70.In a symmetrical manner, according to the variant shown in FIG. 15, the central ring 76 for guiding the piston 74 can be centered radially with respect to the turbine wheel with a possibility of axial displacement relative to the latter. To this end, the central ring 76 comprises a series of pins, without heads, similar to the pins 210 of FIG. 11 each of which is received in sliding in a complementary hole formed opposite 212 in the flange 68 of the grooved hub 70 .
Dans la variante de réalisation illustrée à la figure 16, la bague centrale 76 est à nouveau fixée radialement et axialement par rapport à la paroi transversale 58 selon une technique de sertissage.In the variant embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, the central ring 76 is again fixed radially and axially relative to the transverse wall 58 according to a crimping technique.
A cet effet, le corps de la bague 76 ccmporte une gorge annulaire 204, ou bien un lamage d'orientation axiale qui permet d'accéder à 1 ' intérieur pour former des têtes 202 appartenant à des pions 200 qui s'étendent axialement vers l'arrière depuis la paroi 58 en traversant des trous 201 formés à cet effet dans la face transversale avant 106 de la bague centrale 76.For this purpose, the body of the ring 76 has an annular groove 204, or else a counterbore of axial orientation which gives access to the interior to form heads 202 belonging to pins 200 which extend axially towards the rear from the wall 58 passing through holes 201 formed for this purpose in the front transverse face 106 of the central ring 76.
Comme on l'a représenté à la figure 17, la fixation de la bague centrale 76, ici sur le moyeu de turbine 68, 70, peut aussi être effectuée au moyen de rivets 250 qui traversent des trous 252 prévus à cet effet dans le corps de la bague centrale 76, l'opération de rivetage étant effectuée par exemple depuis 1 ' extérieur pour former les têtes de rivets 252. Comme on l'a représenté à la figure 18, les rivets 250 peuvent être remplacés par des vis 254 qui sont ici vissées dans le flasque 68 du moyeu 70.As shown in FIG. 17, the fixing of the central ring 76, here on the turbine hub 68, 70, can also be carried out by means of rivets 250 which pass through holes 252 provided for this purpose in the body of the central ring 76, the riveting operation being carried out for example from the outside to form the rivet heads 252. As shown in FIG. 18, the rivets 250 can be replaced by screws 254 which are here screwed into the flange 68 of the hub 70.
Enfin, cαrrme on l'a représenté à la figure 19, il est possible de réaliser la fixation de la bague centrale 76, ici sur le flasque 68 du moyeu cannelé 70 directement lors de son opération de moulage en la surmoulant sur la pièce associée pour former notarrment des pions 210 de fixation radiale et axiale à la faveur de trous correspondants 212 formée ici dans le flasque 68. En variante, les pions 210 de fixation radiale et axiale sont liés au flasque 68 par rivetage, de préférence avec apport de chaleur.Finally, as shown in FIG. 19, it is possible to fix the central ring 76, here on the flange 68 of the splined hub 70 directly during its molding operation by overmolding it on the associated part for in particular form pins 210 for radial and axial fixing by means of corresponding holes 212 formed here in the flange 68. As a variant, the pins 210 for radial and axial fixing are linked to the flange 68 by riveting, preferably with heat input.
En ce qui concerne les différentes variantes de réalisation illustrées aux figures 8 à 19, elles s 'appliquent bien entendu indifféremment et de manière symétrique pour la fixation de la bague centrale 76 sur la paroi transversale 58 du carter ou sur la roue de turbine, notarrment sur le flasque 68 de son moyen cannelé 70, et ceci sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.As regards the different embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 19, they apply of course indifferently and symmetrically for the fixing of the central ring 76 on the transverse wall 58 of the casing or on the turbine wheel, in particular on the flange 68 of its grooved means 70, and this without departing from the scope of the invention.
De même, pour chaque variante de réalisation, ou combinaison de certaines de ces variantes, les garnitures d'étanchéité 104 et le joint d'étanchéité 70, peuvent être chacun de conception différente et leur agencement aussi, la garniture d'étanchéité 104 pouvant être indifférerrment associée à l'arbre 72 ou au corps de la bague centrale 76.Similarly, for each variant embodiment, or combination of some of these variants, the seals 104 and the seal 70, may each be of different design and their arrangement also, the seal 104 being able to be indifferently associated with the shaft 72 or with the body of the central ring 76.
Les différents exemples de réalisation de l'invention avec la butée 178 en une seule pièce avec la bague illustrent, d'une part, la grande liberté de conception de la butée, notamment lorsqu'elle est réalisée par moulage ou surmoulage avec le corps principal de la bague et, d'autre part, les différentes possibilités offertes pour l'agencement de la bague, et notarrment son centrage radial et son attelage axial, ainsi que les différents modes d'assemblage qui en résultent. The various embodiments of the invention with the stop 178 in one piece with the ring illustrate, on the one hand, the great freedom of design of the stop, in particular when it is produced by molding or overmolding with the main body of the ring and, on the other hand, the different possibilities offered for the arrangement of the ring, and in particular its radial centering and its axial coupling, as well as the different assembly methods which result therefrom.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Appareil (50) d'accouplement hydrocinétique, notarrment pour véhicule automobile, du type comportant, agencés axialement d'avant en arrière : une paroi transversale (58,92) de carter, d'orientation globalement radiale, propre à être liée en rotation à un arbre menant ;1. Hydrokinetic coupling apparatus (50), in particular for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising, arranged axially from front to rear: a transverse wall (58, 92) of casing, of generally radial orientation, suitable for being linked in rotation to a leading tree;
- une roue de turbine (64) solidaire en rotation d'un moyeu propre à être lié en rotation à un arbre mené (72) ; - un piston (74, 103) coulissant axialement, monté de manière étanche le long d'une bague centrale (76, 176) interposée axialement entre la paroi transversale de carter (58) et le moyeu (68, 70) de la turbine ; et- a turbine wheel (64) integral in rotation with a hub suitable for being linked in rotation to a driven shaft (72); - a piston (74, 103) sliding axially, sealingly mounted along a central ring (76, 176) interposed axially between the transverse casing wall (58) and the hub (68, 70) of the turbine; and
- une butée arrière (178) qui limite les déplacements axiaux du piston (74) par rapport à la bague centrale (76) dans le sens correspondant à son éloignement de la face interne (92) de la paroi transversale (58) et qui empêche un contact de frottement direct entre le piston et le moyeu de la roue de turbine, caractérisé en ce que la butée (178) est réalisée en une seule pièce avec la bague centrale (76) . - A rear stop (178) which limits the axial displacements of the piston (74) relative to the central ring (76) in the direction corresponding to its distance from the internal face (92) of the transverse wall (58) and which prevents a direct friction contact between the piston and the hub of the turbine wheel, characterized in that the stop (178) is produced in one piece with the central ring (76).
2. Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la bague centrale (76) est attelée axialement au piston (74) .2. hydrokinetic coupling device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the central ring (76) is axially coupled to the piston (74).
3. Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bague centrale (76) est réalisée par moulage, notartment en matière plastique.3. hydrokinetic coupling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the central ring (76) is made by molding, in particular plastic.
4. Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la bague centrale (76) est centrée radialement par rapport au piston (74) .4. hydrokinetic coupling apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the central ring (76) is centered radially with respect to the piston (74).
5. Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la bague centrale (76) est centrée radialement par rapport à la paroi transversale de carter (58) .5. hydrokinetic coupling apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the central ring (76) is centered radially with respect to the transverse casing wall (58).
6. Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la bague centrale (76) est centrée radialement par rapport au moyeu (68, 70) de la turbine. 6. hydrokinetic coupling device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the central ring (76) is centered radially relative to the hub (68, 70) of the turbine.
7. Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la butée (178) est globalement en forme d'anneau plat continu ou discontinu d'orientation radiale qui s'étend radialement vers l'extérieur au-delà du corps principal de forme générale tùbulaire de la bague centrale (76) .7. hydrokinetic coupling apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stop (178) is generally in the form of a continuous or discontinuous orientation flat ring radial which extends radially outwards beyond the main body of generally tubular shape of the central ring (76).
8. Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la bague centrale (76) est centrée radialement et est iirmobilisée axialement par rapport à la paroi transversale de carter (58) ou par rapport au moyeu (68, 70) de la turbine.8. hydrokinetic coupling apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the central ring (76) is centered radially and is axially immobilized relative to the transverse casing wall (58) or relative to the hub (68, 70) of the turbine.
9. Appareil d'accouplement hydrocinétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une face transversale arrière (108) de la bague centrale (76) comporte au moins une rainure (128) de lubrification.9. hydrokinetic coupling apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rear transverse face (108) of the central ring (76) has at least one lubrication groove (128).
10. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité libre de l'arbre mené (72) s'étend axialement à l'intérieur d'un alésage (102) de la bague centrale (76) avec interposition d'une garniture d'étanchéité (104) . 10. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free end of the driven shaft (72) extends axially inside a bore (102) of the central ring (76) with interposition of a seal (104).
PCT/FR2000/003212 1999-11-17 2000-11-17 Hydrokinetic coupling apparatus, in particular for motor vehicle WO2001036845A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10085206T DE10085206B4 (en) 1999-11-17 2000-11-17 Hydrodynamic torque converter, in particular for motor vehicles
JP2001538698A JP4954410B2 (en) 1999-11-17 2000-11-17 Fluid coupling device for automobile
KR1020027006301A KR100781418B1 (en) 1999-11-17 2000-11-17 Hydrokinetic coupling apparatus, in particular for motor vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9914467A FR2801084B1 (en) 1999-11-17 1999-11-17 HYDROKINETIC COUPLING APPARATUS, PARTICULARLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
FR99/14467 1999-11-17

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JP5224626B2 (en) 2013-07-03
DE10085206B4 (en) 2011-07-14
KR20020059743A (en) 2002-07-13
JP2003515069A (en) 2003-04-22
FR2801084B1 (en) 2001-12-07
JP2003515070A (en) 2003-04-22
WO2001036845A8 (en) 2003-08-28
KR100767331B1 (en) 2007-10-17
DE10085208B4 (en) 2011-05-05
KR20020059742A (en) 2002-07-13
DE10085206T1 (en) 2002-12-19
FR2801085B1 (en) 2002-05-17
JP4954410B2 (en) 2012-06-13
FR2801084A1 (en) 2001-05-18
WO2001036844A1 (en) 2001-05-25
KR100781418B1 (en) 2007-12-03
DE10085208T1 (en) 2002-11-07
FR2801085A1 (en) 2001-05-18

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