WO2001034931A3 - Door drive system - Google Patents
Door drive system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001034931A3 WO2001034931A3 PCT/US2000/030856 US0030856W WO0134931A3 WO 2001034931 A3 WO2001034931 A3 WO 2001034931A3 US 0030856 W US0030856 W US 0030856W WO 0134931 A3 WO0134931 A3 WO 0134931A3
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sliding door
- drive
- door
- drive belt
- pulleys
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4061—Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
- E05F15/43—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
- E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
- E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
- E05F15/643—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings operated by flexible elongated pulling elements, e.g. belts, chains or cables
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
- E05F15/44—Detection using safety edges responsive to changes in electrical conductivity
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
- E05F15/43—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound
- E05F2015/434—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound with cameras or optical sensors
- E05F2015/435—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound with cameras or optical sensors by interruption of the beam
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
- E05Y2201/644—Flexible elongated pulling elements
- E05Y2201/652—Belts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
- E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
- E05Y2400/30—Electronic control of motors
- E05Y2400/31—Force or torque control
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
- E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
- E05Y2400/50—Fault detection
- E05Y2400/514—Fault detection of speed
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/10—Additional functions
- E05Y2800/12—Sealing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/20—Combinations of elements
- E05Y2800/22—Combinations of elements of not identical elements of the same category, e.g. combinations of not identical springs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/74—Specific positions
- E05Y2800/748—Specific positions end
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/51—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for railway cars or mass transit vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/43—Speed, acceleration, deceleration control ADC
- G05B2219/43099—Select acceleration deceleration time constants as function of weight, load, position
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45242—Door, panel, window operation, opening, closing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49147—Retract on collision with moving object, tool follows, yields to object
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49159—Avoid pinching of persons between moving and fixed part
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49161—Near end of position, lower power or speed of motor to safe value, at end normal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU14806/01A AU1480601A (en) | 1999-11-11 | 2000-11-10 | Door drive system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US43819399A | 1999-11-11 | 1999-11-11 | |
US09/438,193 | 1999-11-11 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001034931A2 WO2001034931A2 (en) | 2001-05-17 |
WO2001034931A3 true WO2001034931A3 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
WO2001034931B1 WO2001034931B1 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
Family
ID=23739636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/030856 WO2001034931A2 (en) | 1999-11-11 | 2000-11-10 | Door drive system |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU1480601A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001034931A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2388157A (en) * | 2002-04-02 | 2003-11-05 | Kenneth Marden Henfrey | Motorised door assembly that opens, closes and locks |
FR2888279B1 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-09-07 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | MOTORIZED ACTUATING DEVICE FOR A SLIDING DOOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE, COMPRISING OBSTACLE DETECTION MEANS AND METHOD FOR MANAGING DETECTION MEANS. |
FR2888278B1 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-09-07 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | MOTORIZED ACTUATING DEVICE FOR A SLIDING DOOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE COMPRISING OBSTACLE DETECTION MEANS. |
EP1743999A3 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2011-06-15 | Peugeot Citroën Automobiles S.A. | Motor drive for a sliding door of a vehicle, comprising obstacle detection means and method for managing the latter. |
JP4810686B2 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2011-11-09 | 三井金属アクト株式会社 | Electric door opening and closing device for vehicle |
DE102009056243A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-09 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Arrangement for monitoring the sensor and sealing a sliding door |
CN102806832B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2016-07-06 | 邦巴尔迪尔运输有限公司 | For Sensor monitoring and the device sealing swing plug door |
CN109653630B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-12-29 | 重庆中祥门窗制造有限公司 | Anti-theft control method for intelligent household window system |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR605894A (en) * | 1925-02-11 | 1926-06-03 | Coindet Ets | Improvements to processes and devices for the assembly of sliding, rolling or sliding doors |
US4259810A (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-04-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Transit vehicle door control apparatus |
US4644692A (en) * | 1984-05-24 | 1987-02-24 | Gebr. Bode & Co. Gmbh | Drive assembly for the wing of a swing-out sliding door |
FR2652375A1 (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-03-29 | Cazenave Pierre | Safety lock |
EP0464720A1 (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1992-01-08 | Ohi Seisakusho Co., Ltd. | Drive device of slide door |
US5148631A (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1992-09-22 | Mark Iv Transportation Products Corporation | Pneumatic door operator having pneumatic actuator and lock |
EP0625815A2 (en) * | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-23 | General Motors Corporation | Vehicle door control |
DE19828393A1 (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-07 | Asmo Co Ltd | Slide door actuation device for van |
-
2000
- 2000-11-10 AU AU14806/01A patent/AU1480601A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-11-10 WO PCT/US2000/030856 patent/WO2001034931A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR605894A (en) * | 1925-02-11 | 1926-06-03 | Coindet Ets | Improvements to processes and devices for the assembly of sliding, rolling or sliding doors |
US4259810A (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-04-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Transit vehicle door control apparatus |
US4644692A (en) * | 1984-05-24 | 1987-02-24 | Gebr. Bode & Co. Gmbh | Drive assembly for the wing of a swing-out sliding door |
US5148631A (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1992-09-22 | Mark Iv Transportation Products Corporation | Pneumatic door operator having pneumatic actuator and lock |
FR2652375A1 (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-03-29 | Cazenave Pierre | Safety lock |
EP0464720A1 (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1992-01-08 | Ohi Seisakusho Co., Ltd. | Drive device of slide door |
EP0625815A2 (en) * | 1993-05-20 | 1994-11-23 | General Motors Corporation | Vehicle door control |
DE19828393A1 (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-07 | Asmo Co Ltd | Slide door actuation device for van |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001034931A2 (en) | 2001-05-17 |
WO2001034931B1 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
AU1480601A (en) | 2001-06-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR100990809B1 (en) | Apparatus for controlling speed of power tail gate and thereof control method | |
US4697383A (en) | Controlling device for an automatic door | |
KR100597754B1 (en) | Refrigerator and its door opening process | |
US7032349B2 (en) | Coreless motor door closure system for motor vehicles | |
GB2268287B (en) | Power window apparatus with safety device | |
CA2568877A1 (en) | Door operator | |
EP1116850A3 (en) | Rear gate opening and closing apparatus for vehicle | |
EP1703062A3 (en) | Power window device | |
WO2001034931A3 (en) | Door drive system | |
FR2743602B1 (en) | MOTORIZED CLOSURE OR SUN PROTECTION INSTALLATION | |
GB2328285B (en) | Safety device for power window | |
KR20010013550A (en) | Method and device for controlling a sliding or lifting sunroof device | |
DE59914709D1 (en) | Swing door drive | |
FR2680920B1 (en) | ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH A DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE ROTOR POSITION OF THE ROTATION SPEED AND / OR THE ROTATION DIRECTION. | |
GR3033819T3 (en) | Drive system for closures | |
CA2452931A1 (en) | Barrier movement position sensing | |
JP2000297577A (en) | Opening/closing method and device for power window | |
JPH02144225A (en) | Vehicle door opening limiting device | |
KR20070045073A (en) | Safety system for swing door using acceleration sensor and method therefor | |
KR20050056696A (en) | Apparatus for automatically opening a refrigerator door | |
JP2001107642A (en) | Open-close device of open-close body for car | |
EP0936341A3 (en) | Arrangement for controlling the movement of a darkening device | |
JPH08119563A (en) | Door control device for elevator | |
KR200251733Y1 (en) | An opening and shutting type automatic door | |
KR970075706A (en) | Opening and closing control device of auto shutter for air conditioner |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
B | Later publication of amended claims | ||
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |