WO2001017138A1 - Wireless communication system - Google Patents
Wireless communication system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001017138A1 WO2001017138A1 PCT/JP1999/004681 JP9904681W WO0117138A1 WO 2001017138 A1 WO2001017138 A1 WO 2001017138A1 JP 9904681 W JP9904681 W JP 9904681W WO 0117138 A1 WO0117138 A1 WO 0117138A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- line
- radio
- base station
- optical
- wireless
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
- H04B10/25752—Optical arrangements for wireless networks
Definitions
- the present invention uses a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, a code division multiplex access ⁇ time division bidirectional (CDMA / TDD) system or a time division CDMA (Time Division CDMA) system.
- TDMA time division multiple access
- CDMA / TDD time division bidirectional
- CDMA Time Division CDMA
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication system in which a wireless base station and a subscriber station (for example, a fixed wireless station, a semi-fixed wireless station, a mobile station, a mobile wireless station, and the like) wirelessly communicate using a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line.
- a wireless base station and a subscriber station for example, a fixed wireless station, a semi-fixed wireless station, a mobile station, a mobile wireless station, and the like
- a mobile station such as a mobile in-vehicle communication device or a mobile portable communication device and a base station separately connect a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line, and use each radio line to perform radio communication. Communication is taking place.
- wireless communication using radio wave radio links and radio communication using optical radio links transmit irrelevant information independently, and do not complement wireless communication.
- the radio wave radio line and the optical radio line do not have a relationship such as frame synchronization, for example, a radio line having an excellent line condition is selectively used to execute radio communication. Is impossible.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 7-264098 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-open Publication No. Hei 6-77350 separately connect a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line separately, as described above.
- Techniques for executing wireless communication have been disclosed. Since the conventional wireless communication system is configured as described above, irrelevant information can be transmitted independently using the radio radio line and the optical radio line. There were issues such as the inability to share and wirelessly complement each other.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a wireless communication system that can complement a wireless communication by sharing a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line. I do. Disclosure of the invention
- a wireless communication system executes wireless communication by connecting an optical wireless line having a common layer structure on the time axis to the wireless wireless line in addition to the wireless wireless line.
- a wireless communication system is configured to perform synchronization between a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line in time slot units, frame units, multiframe units, or super multiframe units.
- a TDMA signal and a time-division CDMA signal are arbitrarily arranged in a time slot train composed of a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line.
- the wireless communication system according to the present invention provides an It is designed to connect line circuits.
- a radio wave radio line having a low possibility of disconnection compared to an optical radio line is preferentially connected, so that there is an effect that execution of radio communication can be secured.
- a wireless communication system when wireless communication is terminated, an optical wireless line is disconnected and then a radio wave wireless line is disconnected.
- the priority is given to the connection of the radio wave line, which is less likely to be disconnected than the optical wireless line, so that the execution of the wireless communication can be ensured until the wireless communication is finally completed. effective.
- optical wireless line can be reconnected even if the line is temporarily disconnected.
- the radio wave radio line and the optical radio line have a common layer structure on the time axis and have mutually different slot structures.
- a plurality of time slots are It is designed to be used as a composite time slot.
- a wireless communication system combines a plurality of continuous time slots on a time axis.
- a wireless communication system detects a direction in which a base station exists, and sets a direction of an optical antenna to a direction in which a base station exists.
- a wireless communication system receives information indicating a direction in which a base station exists from the base station, and sets the direction of the optical antenna to the direction in which the base station exists.
- a subscriber station measures its own location and detects a direction in which a base station exists.
- the wireless communication system according to the present invention measures the time difference between radio waves arriving from a plurality of base stations to measure its own location, thereby detecting the direction in which the base station exists. There are effects that can be.
- the wireless communication system according to the present invention measures its own location using a GPS receiver.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a wireless communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of a time slot for PCS and cellular by TDA and time division CDMA.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the inside of the base station.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing the inside of the subscriber station.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing content of the wireless communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the spectrum configuration of the optical / radio wave shared communication system.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing still another example of the spectrum configuration of the optical / radiowave wireless communication system.
- FIG. 8 shows that the control channel of the optical wireless spectrum band is set to "low-speed multi-channel optical wireless TD-CDMA slot # 82-0A" and the control channel of the radio wireless spectrum band is set to "low speed.”
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of installation in a multi-channel TD-CDMA slot # 81-1A ”.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the processing content of the wireless communication system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a recovery procedure when the optical wireless line is disconnected while the radio wave wireless line and the optical wireless line are shared.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram for explaining position measurement of a subscriber station.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the inside of the subscriber station.
- FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing the directivity pointing process of the optical antenna.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a wireless communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a public network (PS TN: Pubic Switching Telephone Network); In addition to the normal communication mode, it has a function to communicate in the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM).
- Reference numeral 2 denotes a mobile switching center (MSC: Mobi1eSwitchhingCentre) which is connected to the PSTN1 by wire or wirelessly and controls the base stations 3 and 6.
- the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 9 is a subscriber station (MS: Mobile Station) that performs wireless communication by connecting the base stations 3 and 6 to the radio and optical wireless lines.
- MS Mobile Station
- subscriber stations mobile stations, mobile stations, fixed stations, semi-fixed stations, etc. are collectively referred to as subscriber stations.
- Numeral 10 denotes a radio transmitting / receiving antenna of the subscriber station 9 and 11 denotes an optical radio transmitting / receiving antenna of the subscriber station 9.
- the subscriber station 9 and the base stations 3 and 6 use a digital modulation scheme. Signals are exchanged and wirelessly connected using the following communication method.
- Frequency division multiplexing access ⁇ Time-division bidirectional communication (FD 4AZT DD (Time D ivision Du 1 e 3 ⁇ 4 ' ⁇ ;
- Fig. 2 shows an example of the configuration of a PCS (Persona 1 Communication System) using TDMA and time-division CDMA, and animated slot for cellular 1, and in particular, the radio radio spectrum and the optical radio spectrum.
- PCS Persona 1 Communication System
- TDMA Time-division CDMA
- animated slot for cellular 1 and in particular, the radio radio spectrum and the optical radio spectrum.
- # 2 1 — 0 A to 5 A are downlinks (Down-Link) of a time-division CDMA time slot for low-speed data transmission in the first and second frames, and # 2 1 — OB to IB are the keys in the first frame. It is a link (Up-Link).
- # 2 2 — 1 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ , # 2 2 — 0 B are the TDMA time slots for the PCS low-speed overnight transmission in the first and second frames.
- # 2 3 — 0 A to 4 A, # 2 3 — IB is the TDMA time slot for PCS medium-speed data transmission in the first and second frames
- # 24 — OA to 5 A, # 24 _0B to 1B are TDMA timeslots for transmitting cellular / medium speed / voice information in the first and second frames.
- # 2 5 — 0 B is the TDMA time slot for PCS high-speed data transmission in the first and second frames, and is # 26-0 A to 4 A
- # 2 6 — IB is the TD—C DMA time slot for cellular medium-speed data transmission in the first and second frames.
- # 2 7 — 0 A to 5 A, # 2 7 — 0 B to LB are time division C DMA time slots for PCS ultra-high-speed data communication in the first and second frames in the optical wireless spectrum band. It is.
- FIG. 2 shows Up-Link and Down_Link of TDDT (Division Duplex), where Up-Link is R 1 beside the time axis.
- B ⁇ R 1 1 are timeslots a Bok being represented by B, D own - L ink's horizontal time axis T 1.
- a timeslot being represented by A ⁇ T 2 3 A.
- Fig. 2 clearly shows one feature of this system.
- Time slot in the radio radio spectrum band Time slot in the optical radio spectrum band.
- the time relationship of the time slot is also consistent.
- the radio wave radio link and the optical radio link are synchronized.
- the radio radio link and the optical radio link may be synchronized in multiframe units. That is, a layer structure that divides a time slot, a frame, a multi-frame, a super-multi-frame, or the like as one unit may be configured as a method of dividing in the time axis direction.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the inside of the base station 3 (the same applies to the inside of the base station 6).
- reference numeral 21 denotes a radio transceiver for performing radio communication with the subscriber station 9 using a radio radio line
- 2 2 is an optical transceiver that wirelessly communicates with the subscriber station 9 using an optical wireless line
- 23 is a spread that generates a spreading code when the radio transceiver 21 or the optical transceiver 22 transmits and receives CDMA signals.
- the code generator 24 multiplies the received signal by a spreading code (hereinafter referred to as despreading operation) to obtain a desired signal.
- despreading operation a spreading code
- the frame / channel former 24 executes the reverse operation to transmit the transmission signal to the radio transceiver 21 or the optical transceiver 22. Output to
- Reference numeral 25 denotes a network connector for transmitting / receiving information to / from the mobile switching center 2
- reference numeral 26 denotes processing of inter-station control information such as a subscriber number and a spreading code to connect the subscriber station 9 to the public network 1.
- the control information processor 27 sets the frame structure to be transmitted by the base station (see Fig. 2) and performs processing such as selecting TDMA or time division CDMA (TD-CDMA) according to the transmission capacity.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the inside of the subscriber station 9.
- 31 is a radio transceiver for radio communication with the base stations 3 and 6 using radio radio channels
- 32 is an optical radio channel.
- An optical transceiver that wirelessly communicates with the base stations 3 and 6 by radio.33 is a spreading code generator that generates a spreading code when the radio transceiver 31 or the optical transceiver 32 transmits and receives a CDMA signal.
- Is a frame / channel former having the same function as the frame / channel former 24 of the base stations 3 and 6, and 35 is a display for displaying information extracted by the frame / channel former 34 and the like. Subscribers can extract necessary information by voice and images. Further, information to be transmitted to the public network 11 can be input using the display 35.
- Reference numeral 36 denotes a control information processor for controlling the frame channel generator 34 and the display 35.
- Reference numeral 37 designates a frame structure to be transmitted by the subscriber station (see FIG. 2), and according to the transmission capacity. It is a subscriber station control processor that performs processing such as selecting TDMA or time division C DMA (TD-C DMA).
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing content of the wireless communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- step ST 1 when the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 perform wireless communication, for example, an operation of setting up a radio wave radio circuit between the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 in response to a call request from the subscriber station 9 And wirelessly connect the two (step ST 1).
- step ST 2 confirm the completion of the wireless connection (step ST 2), and if the wireless connection fails, perform the setting operation of the radio wave radio line again.
- step ST 3 when the connection of the radio wave radio line is successful, the operation of setting up the optical radio line between the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 is started while the connection of the radio wave radio line is continued, and the two are optically connected (step ST 3).
- a line in the optical radio spectrum band is selected in addition to the line in the radio radio spectrum band in FIG.
- step ST4 the completion of the optical connection is confirmed (step ST4), and if the optical connection fails, the setting operation of the optical wireless line is executed again.
- the sharing of the radio wireless line and the optical wireless line is started. For example, according to the transmission capacity and the transmission speed, or the use environment of the line (transmission error occurrence status). Then, a convenient wireless line is selected and wireless communication is performed (step ST5).
- the optical wireless line is disconnected first, and then the radio wave wireless line is disconnected to complete the wireless communication (step ST 6).
- step ST 6 To start sharing, first connect the wireless radio line, then connect the optical wireless line.To end sharing of the wireless radio line and the optical wireless line, first disconnect the optical wireless line, then disconnect the wireless radio line.
- the line is disconnected, for the following reasons. In optical wireless lines, if the direction of the subscriber station changes due to the straightness of light, line disconnection is highly likely to occur. Therefore, if a situation where only optical wireless lines are connected is created, wireless communication will not be performed. This is because the possibility of becoming possible is increased.
- radio wave wireless lines are considered to be always connectable.
- the radio radio line and the optical radio line having a common layer structure on the time axis are connected to execute radio communication. So that the radio It has the effect of sharing wireless and optical wireless lines and complementing wireless communication with each other.
- radio wave radio line and the optical radio line have the same layer structure on the time axis, communication using radio waves and communication using light can be handled with the same structure except for the physical properties of radio waves and light. Therefore, there is an effect that a convenient wireless communication line can be freely selected according to the communication environment, and the communication path can be freely switched as necessary.
- FIG. 2 Although not mentioned in the above description of FIG. 2, in FIG. 2, a multicarrier system using a plurality of carriers is realized in the radio wave spectrum area.
- an optical multi-carrier system using a plurality of wavelengths can be realized even in the optical wireless spectrum region.
- the TDMA signal and the time-division CDMA signal can be arranged arbitrarily in the time slot sequence on the time axis. That is, in the optical wireless band and the radio wave wireless band, a function of coexisting a plurality of TDMA signals and a plurality of time-division CDMA signals in the time slot in the time axis direction can be realized.
- Embodiment 2
- FIG. 6 shows another example of the spectrum configuration of the optical wireless / radio wireless shared communication system.
- the TDMA signal slot (# 61-1A) is included in the time series of ultra-high-speed optical wireless time division CDMA (TD-CDMA) in the optical wireless spectrum region.
- the transmission channel is only for one user, but the highest transmission rate can be realized.
- one frame length includes a radio wave radio link and an optical radio link.
- the break position between the Up Link and the Down Link in the radio radio link and the U The position of the break between p-ink and down ink is different.
- the break position in the radio wave radio line is 3 time slots
- the break position in the optical radio line is 2 time slots.
- the TDMA signal between different frequency channels or the break between the Uplink and Downlink of the TD-CDMA signal is different from each other in one frame.
- the transmitting side radio wave of the base station may suppress the received signals in different time slots.
- one is radio wave radio communication and the other is radio wave communication. If is an optical wireless communication, the transmission schemes are completely different, so that the effects on each other can be reduced.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing still another example of the spectrum configuration of the optical / radio wave shared communication system.
- time slot # 71- 23 A which is a composite of multiple time slots
- one time slot (for example, # 27-4 A) Can be used for users who require high-speed transmission rather than assigning time slots. (By assigning a time slot in which multiple time slots are combined to a time slot in the radio wave spectrum area, high-speed transmission is possible.) May be supported).
- FIG. 7 shows a case in which two time slots are combined and one combined time slot is used.
- the force is not limited to this.
- a plurality of arbitrary time slots are combined and one time slot is combined.
- a composite time slot may be used.
- Fig. 8 shows that the control channel of the optical wireless spectrum band is set to "low-speed multi-channel optical wireless TD-C DMA slot # 82-OA", and the control channel of the radio wireless spectrum band is set to "low speed”.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the processing content of the wireless communication system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the subscriber station 9 performs the same as the own station slot # 8 1, as in the case of performing communication using a normal radio wave radio line.
- the base station 3 receives a broadcast channel (a common channel received first by all subscriber stations), which is a control channel transmitted in time division CDMA format.
- the broadcast channel includes an identification code indicating that the base station 3 has an optical wireless communication function, in addition to the unique information of the base station 3.
- the subscriber station 9 When receiving the broadcast channel, the subscriber station 9 decodes the information of the broadcast channel and recognizes the spread code of the control channel that can be received by the base station 3 at present.
- the subscriber station 9 transmits a call signal to the base station by radio wave using the Up-Link slot # 81 10B control channel indicated by the spreading code (step ST11). ).
- an identification code indicating that the subscriber station 9 has a function corresponding to the optical wireless communication is included in the call signal and transmitted.
- step ST12 if the subscriber station 9 does not have a function corresponding to the optical wireless communication (step ST12), since the optical wireless line cannot be connected, only the wireless communication using the normal radio wave wireless line is performed. It is executed (step ST 13). Since this part is the same as the conventional communication, the description is omitted.
- the base station 3 When the base station 3 receives a call signal including an identification code indicating that the base station 3 has a function corresponding to the optical wireless communication from the subscriber station 9, the base station 3 The information of the optical wireless line to be used by the subscriber station 9 (for example, optical wireless line slot # 27-2A / # 2 At 7-1B, the subscriber station 9 is transmitted to the subscriber station 9 (such as the spreading code designation number of the communication channel of the optical wireless line allocated to the subscriber station 9) (step ST14).
- the subscriber station 9 When the subscriber station 9 receives the information on the optical wireless link, the subscriber station 9 transmits the optical link through the communication channel that can be used with the designated spreading code in the Uplink slot # 27-1B in the optical wireless link.
- An outgoing call signal of the wireless line is optically wirelessly transmitted to the base station 3 (step ST15).
- the base station 3 detects the optical signal (call signal) based on the designated time slot and spread code to receive the call signal of the optical wireless line.
- the base station 3 determines that the connection of the optical wireless line (Up-Link line) has been completed (step ST16), and determines the own link in the optical wireless line.
- the line is set, and sharing of the radio wave line and the optical line is started (step ST17).
- step ST 19 it is determined whether or not the subscriber station 9 has already tried the transmission processing of the call signal at least n times. If so, the connection of the optical wireless line is abandoned, and only the wireless wireless communication is performed (step ST 20).
- a convenient wireless line is selected, and radio wave communication or optical wireless communication is executed (step ST 18).
- the optical wireless line is disconnected first, and then the radio wave wireless line is disconnected to complete the wireless communication (step ST21).
- the connection of the radio radio line is continued even after the optical radio line is connected, so that the radio radio line and the optical radio line can be shared.
- the radio wave radio line can function as a protection means for the optical radio line.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a recovery procedure when the optical wireless line is disconnected while the radio wave wireless line and the optical wireless line are shared.
- the subscriber station 9 monitors whether or not the connection of the optical wireless line is continued while the radio wireless line and the optical wireless line are shared (steps ST31 and ST32), and When the line disconnection is detected, a recall signal of the optical wireless line is transmitted to the base station 3 through the control channel of the radio wave wireless line (step ST33).
- the base station 3 monitors the reception of the re-calling signal transmitted by the subscriber station 9 (step ST34), and upon receiving the re-calling signal of the optical wireless line, receives the necessary line such as the address of the optical wireless line. The information is transmitted to the subscriber station 9 (step ST35).
- the subscriber station 9 When receiving the line information of the optical wireless line, the subscriber station 9 transmits the optical wireless signal to the base station 3 again through the upstream optical wireless line specified by the line information, and restarts the execution of the optical wireless communication. Attempt (step ST36).
- the base station 3 receives the optical wireless signal transmitted from the subscriber station 9
- the base station 3 transmits the optical wireless signal to the subscriber station 9 through a downstream optical wireless line, and the subscriber station 9 If the optical wireless signal is successfully received, reconnection of the optical wireless line is completed.
- the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 resume sharing of the radio wireless line and the optical wireless line (step ST38).
- the fifth embodiment has an effect of enhancing the system function as an example.
- the optical wireless circuit is reconnected when the line disconnection of the optical wireless line is detected.
- the direction of the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11 of the subscriber station 9 is changed to the optical wireless line.
- the communication environment of the optical wireless line may be enhanced to prevent line disconnection.
- 9 subscriber stations capable of receiving radio waves from a plurality of base stations 3, 6, 12 are radio waves from 9 base stations 3, 6, 12
- the position of the subscriber station 9 itself is measured.
- 13 is a radio transmission / reception antenna of the base station 12
- 14 is an optical radio transmission / reception antenna of the base station 12.
- the method by which the subscriber station achieves frame synchronization with a plurality of base stations is disclosed in our patent application PCT / JP97 / 027990.
- radio waves are received from at least three base stations and the delay time of these radio waves is measured to determine the position of the subscriber station.
- the delay time of the radio wave is known, the distance to each base station can be known, and if the distance to three or more base stations is known, geometrically The location of the subscriber station is known).
- the subscriber station 9 when the subscriber station 9 measures its own position, it recognizes in advance the position of the base station to which the optical wireless line is to be connected (here, the base station 6 is to be connected). Therefore, the direction of the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11 of the subscriber station 9 with respect to the base station 6 can be recognized.
- the antenna control device described later adjusts the direction of the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11 to the direction in which the base station 6 exists.
- optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11 of the subscriber station 9 has directivity, it is possible to efficiently communicate the optical wireless signal.
- the direction of the directivity of the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11 may be changed by mechanically rotating or moving the antenna up or down, or by changing the direction electronically.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the inside of the subscriber station 9.
- the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 denote the same or corresponding parts, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- 3 8 is a GPS receiver that detects the position of the subscriber station 9
- 3 9 is a far north detector that detects the direction of the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11
- 40 is a radio wave transmitted from multiple base stations
- the position of the subscriber station 9 is calculated from the delay time of the optical transmission / reception antenna 11 based on the calculation result or the detection result of the GPS receiver 39 and the direction report of the far north detector 39.
- This is an antenna control device that drives and controls the bearing.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the directivity pointing process of the optical antenna.
- the subscriber station 9 transmits a call signal for setting up the optical wireless line to the base station 6 through the control channel of the radio wave wireless line.
- the base station 6 upon receiving the outgoing signal of the optical wireless line transmitted from the subscriber station 9 (step ST42), the base station 6 starts transmission of the optical wireless signal using the downstream optical wireless line.
- the antenna control device 40 of the subscriber station 9 detects a delay time of radio waves transmitted from a plurality of base stations and executes a process of detecting its own position.
- the position of the terminal is grasped from the detection result of the GPS receiver 38.
- the position information and the azimuth information of the far north detector 39 are based on the optical wireless transmission / reception. It is used to know the current direction of the antenna 11 for use, but it is not essential information) to recognize the direction in which the base station 6 exists. However, the position of the base station 6 is known in advance.
- the antenna control device 40 of the subscriber station 9 grasps the direction in which the base station 6 exists, the antenna control device 40 drives and controls the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11 to change the orientation of the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11 to the base station 6.
- a process is performed to match the direction in which there is (step ST43).
- the subscriber station 9 drives and controls the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11, it monitors the reception of the optical wireless signal transmitted by the base station 6 (step ST 44). An optical wireless signal is transmitted to the base station 6 via the wireless line, and an attempt is made to execute optical wireless communication (step ST45). Then, when the base station 6 succeeds in receiving the optical wireless signal transmitted from the subscriber station 9, the connection of the optical wireless line is completed.
- step ST46 When the connection of the optical wireless line is completed (step ST46), the base station 6 and the subscriber station 9 start sharing the optical wireless line and the optical wireless line (step ST47).
- the direction in which the base station 6 to be connected to the optical wireless line exists is detected, and the base station 6 determines the direction of the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11. Since the configuration is such that the direction is set to exist, the communication environment of the optical wireless line is enhanced, and it is possible to efficiently communicate the optical wireless signal and to prevent the disconnection of the optical wireless line. .
- the base station 6 detects the direction in which the base station 6 exists relative to the subscriber station 9.
- the subscriber station 9 may receive information indicating the direction of existence from the base station 6.
- the wireless communication system uses a time division multiplex access method, a code division multiple access method, a time division two-way method, or a time division CDMA method to establish a wireless base station and a subscriber station. It is suitable for performing wireless communication by selectively using a wireless line with excellent line conditions when communicating.
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Abstract
Wireless communications are carried out over wireless radio channels and wireless optical channels having a common layer configuration in time base to the wireless radio channels.
Description
明 細 書 無線通信システム 技術分野 Description Wireless communication system Technical field
この発明は、 時分割多重アクセス (T DMA) 方式, 符号分割多重ァ クセス · 時分割双方向 (C DMA/TD D) 方式または時分割 C DMA ( T i m e D i v i d e d C DMA) 方式を用いて、 無線基地局と 加入者局 (例えば、 固定無線局、 半固定無線局、 移動局、 携帯無線局等 ) が電波無線回線及び光無線回線を用いて無線通信する無線通信システ ムに関するものである。 背景技術 The present invention uses a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, a code division multiplex access · time division bidirectional (CDMA / TDD) system or a time division CDMA (Time Division CDMA) system. The present invention relates to a wireless communication system in which a wireless base station and a subscriber station (for example, a fixed wireless station, a semi-fixed wireless station, a mobile station, a mobile wireless station, and the like) wirelessly communicate using a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line. Background art
従来の無線通信システムでは、 例えば、 移動車載通信装置あるいは移 動携帯通信装置等の移動局と基地局が、 電波無線回線及び光無線回線を 別個独立に接続し、 各無線回線を用いて、 無線通信を実行することが行 われている。 In a conventional wireless communication system, for example, a mobile station such as a mobile in-vehicle communication device or a mobile portable communication device and a base station separately connect a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line, and use each radio line to perform radio communication. Communication is taking place.
しかし、 電波無線回線による無線通信と、 光無線回線による無線通信 は、 あく までも無関係な情報を独立して伝送するものであり、 無線通信 を相互に補完するものではない。 However, wireless communication using radio wave radio links and radio communication using optical radio links transmit irrelevant information independently, and do not complement wireless communication.
したがって、 電波無線回線と光無線回線は、 フレーム同期等の関係を 有するものではないため、 例えば、 回線状態が優れている無線回線を選 択的に使用して、 無線通信を実行する等の使用は不可能である。 Therefore, since the radio wave radio line and the optical radio line do not have a relationship such as frame synchronization, for example, a radio line having an excellent line condition is selectively used to execute radio communication. Is impossible.
なお、 特開平 7— 2 6 4 0 9 8号公報及び実開平 6— 7 7 3 5 0号公 報には、 上記のように、 電波無線回線と光無線回線を別個独立に接続し て、 無線通信を実行する技術が開示されている。
従来の無線通信システムは以上のように構成されているので、 電波無 線回線及び光無線回線を用いて、 無関係な情報を独立して伝送すること ができるが、 電波無線回線と光無線回線を共用して、 無線通信を相互に 補完することができないなどの課題があった。 As described above, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 7-264098 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-open Publication No. Hei 6-77350 separately connect a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line separately, as described above. Techniques for executing wireless communication have been disclosed. Since the conventional wireless communication system is configured as described above, irrelevant information can be transmitted independently using the radio radio line and the optical radio line. There were issues such as the inability to share and wirelessly complement each other.
この発明は上記のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、 電波 無線回線と光無線回線を共用して、 無線通信を相互に補完することがで きる無線通信システムを得ることを目的とする。 発明の開示 The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a wireless communication system that can complement a wireless communication by sharing a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line. I do. Disclosure of the invention
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 電波無線回線の他に、 その電波 無線回線と時間軸上で共通なレイヤー構造を有する光無線回線を接続し て無線通信を実行するようにしたものである。 A wireless communication system according to the present invention executes wireless communication by connecting an optical wireless line having a common layer structure on the time axis to the wireless wireless line in addition to the wireless wireless line.
このことによって、 電波無線回線と光無線回線を共用して、 無線通信 を相互に補完することができる効果がある。 As a result, there is an effect that the wireless communication can be mutually complemented by sharing the radio wave radio line and the optical radio line.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 電波無線回線と光無線回線間の 同期をタイムスロッ ト単位, フレーム単位, マルチフレーム単位又はス 一パーマルチフレーム単位で実施するようにしたものである。 A wireless communication system according to the present invention is configured to perform synchronization between a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line in time slot units, frame units, multiframe units, or super multiframe units.
このことによって、 無線通信を相互に補完することができる効果があ る。 This has the effect that wireless communication can complement each other.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 電波無線回線及び光無線回線に 構成されるタイムスロッ ト列の中に T D M A信号と時分割 C D M A信号 を任意に配置するようにしたものである。 In a wireless communication system according to the present invention, a TDMA signal and a time-division CDMA signal are arbitrarily arranged in a time slot train composed of a radio wave radio line and an optical radio line.
このことによって、 伝送容量や伝送速度をユーザの要求に合わせるこ とができる効果がある。 This has the effect that the transmission capacity and transmission speed can be matched to the user's requirements.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 電波無線回線の接続後に、 光無
線回線を接続するようにしたものである。 The wireless communication system according to the present invention provides an It is designed to connect line circuits.
このことによって、 光無線回線と比べて回線断の可能性が低い電波無 線回線が優先的に接続されるため、 無線通信の実行を確保することがで きる効果がある。 As a result, a radio wave radio line having a low possibility of disconnection compared to an optical radio line is preferentially connected, so that there is an effect that execution of radio communication can be secured.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 無線通信を終了する場合、 光無 線回線を切断してから電波無線回線を切断するようにしたものである。 In a wireless communication system according to the present invention, when wireless communication is terminated, an optical wireless line is disconnected and then a radio wave wireless line is disconnected.
このことによって、 光無線回線と比べて回線断の可能性が低い電波無 線回線の接続が優先されるため、 最終的に無線通信が終了するまで、 無 線通信の実行を確保することができる効果がある。 As a result, the priority is given to the connection of the radio wave line, which is less likely to be disconnected than the optical wireless line, so that the execution of the wireless communication can be ensured until the wireless communication is finally completed. effective.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 無線通信の実行中、 光無線回線 の回線断が検出されると、 その光無線回線の再接続を試行するようにし たものである。 In a wireless communication system according to the present invention, when disconnection of an optical wireless line is detected during execution of wireless communication, reconnection of the optical wireless line is attempted.
このことによって、 光無線回線が一時的に回線が切断されても、 再接 続することができる効果がある。 This has the effect that the optical wireless line can be reconnected even if the line is temporarily disconnected.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 電波無線回線における上り回線 と下り回線の切れ目位置と、 光無線回線における上り回線と下り回線の 切れ目位置とを設定する際、 フレーム内で異なる時間位置への設定を許 可するようにしたものである。 In the wireless communication system according to the present invention, when setting a break position between an uplink and a downlink in a radio wave radio line and a break position between an uplink and a downlink in an optical radio line, setting to a different time position within a frame is performed. Is allowed.
このことによって、 伝送容量や伝送速度を設定する際の自由度が向上 する効果がある。 This has the effect of improving the degree of freedom when setting the transmission capacity and transmission speed.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 電波無線回線及び光無線回線が 、 時間軸上に共通なレイヤー構造を有するとともに、 相互に異なるスロ ッ 卜構造を有するようにしたものである。 In the radio communication system according to the present invention, the radio wave radio line and the optical radio line have a common layer structure on the time axis and have mutually different slot structures.
このことによって、 高速伝送を必要とするユーザに対応することがで きる効果がある。 This has the effect of being able to accommodate users who need high-speed transmission.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 複数のタイムスロッ 卜を 1 つの
複合タイムスロッ トとして使用するようにしたものである。 In the wireless communication system according to the present invention, a plurality of time slots are It is designed to be used as a composite time slot.
このことによって、 任意の伝送速度をユーザに割り当てることができ る効果がある。 This has the effect that any transmission rate can be assigned to the user.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 時間軸上で連続する複数のタイ ムスロッ トを複合するようにしたものである。 A wireless communication system according to the present invention combines a plurality of continuous time slots on a time axis.
このことによって、 伝送速度を飛躍的に高めることができる効果があ る。 This has the effect of dramatically increasing the transmission speed.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 基地局が存在する方向を検出し て、 光アンテナの方向を基地局が存在する方向に設定するようにしたも のである。 A wireless communication system according to the present invention detects a direction in which a base station exists, and sets a direction of an optical antenna to a direction in which a base station exists.
このことによって、 光無線回線の通信環境を高めることができる効果 がある。 This has the effect of improving the communication environment of the optical wireless link.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 基地局が存在する方向を示す情 報を当該基地局から受信して、 光アンテナの方向を基地局が存在する方 向に設定するようにしたものである。 A wireless communication system according to the present invention receives information indicating a direction in which a base station exists from the base station, and sets the direction of the optical antenna to the direction in which the base station exists.
このことによって、 光無線回線の通信環境を高めることができる効果 がある。 This has the effect of improving the communication environment of the optical wireless link.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 加入者局が自己の存在位置を計 測して、 基地局が存在する方向を検出するようにしたものである。 In a wireless communication system according to the present invention, a subscriber station measures its own location and detects a direction in which a base station exists.
このことによって、 光アンテナの方向を基地局が存在する方向に設定 することができる効果がある。 This has the effect that the direction of the optical antenna can be set to the direction where the base station exists.
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 複数の基地局から到来する電波 の時間差を計測して、 自己の存在位置を計測するようにしたものである このことによって、 基地局が存在する方向を検出することができる効 果がある。
この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 G P S受信機を用いて、 自己の 存在位置を計測するようにしたものである。 The wireless communication system according to the present invention measures the time difference between radio waves arriving from a plurality of base stations to measure its own location, thereby detecting the direction in which the base station exists. There are effects that can be. The wireless communication system according to the present invention measures its own location using a GPS receiver.
このことによって、 簡単に自己の存在位置を計測することができる効 果がある。 図面の簡単な説明 This has the effect of being able to easily measure its own location. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
第 1 図はこの発明の実施の形態 1 による無線通信システムを示す構成 図である。 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a wireless communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
第 2 図は T D A及び時分割 C D M Aによる P C S及びセルラー向け タイムスロッ 卜の構成例を示す説明図である。 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of a time slot for PCS and cellular by TDA and time division CDMA.
第 3図は基地局の内部を示す構成図である。 FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the inside of the base station.
第 4図は加入者局の内部を示す構成図である。 FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing the inside of the subscriber station.
第 5図はこの発明の実施の形態 1 による無線通信システムの処理内容 を示すフローチヤ一トである。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing content of the wireless communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第 6図は光無線 · 電波無線共用通信システムの別のスぺク トル構成例 を示す説明図である。 FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the spectrum configuration of the optical / radio wave shared communication system.
第 7 図は光無線 · 電波無線共用通信システムの更に別のスぺク トル構 成例を示す説明図である。 FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing still another example of the spectrum configuration of the optical / radiowave wireless communication system.
第 8図は光無線スぺク トル帯域の制御チャネルを 「低速多チヤネル光 無線 T D— C D M Aスロッ ト # 8 2 — 0 A」 に設置し、 電波無線スぺク トル帯域の制御チャネルを 「低速多チャネル T D— C D M Aスロッ ト # 8 1 — 1 A」 に設置する例を示す説明図である。 Fig. 8 shows that the control channel of the optical wireless spectrum band is set to "low-speed multi-channel optical wireless TD-CDMA slot # 82-0A" and the control channel of the radio wireless spectrum band is set to "low speed." FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of installation in a multi-channel TD-CDMA slot # 81-1A ”.
第 9図はこの発明の実施の形態 4による無線通信システムの処理内容 を示すフローチヤ一トである。 FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the processing content of the wireless communication system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
第 1 0図は電波無線回線と光無線回線の共用中に光無線回線が切断さ れた場合の復旧手順を示すフローチャー トである。
第 1 1図は加入者局の位置計測を説明する構成図である。 FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a recovery procedure when the optical wireless line is disconnected while the radio wave wireless line and the optical wireless line are shared. FIG. 11 is a block diagram for explaining position measurement of a subscriber station.
第 1 2図は加入者局の内部を示す構成図である。 FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the inside of the subscriber station.
第 1 3図は光アンテナの指向性ポイ ンティ ングプロセスを示すフロー チャートである。 発明を実施するための最良の形態 FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing the directivity pointing process of the optical antenna. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
以下、 この発明をより詳細に説明するために、 この発明を実施するた めの最良の形態について、 添付の図面に従って説明する。 Hereinafter, in order to explain this invention in greater detail, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
実施の形態 1. Embodiment 1.
第 1図はこの発明の実施の形態 1 による無線通信システムを示す構成 図であり、 図において、 1 は公衆網 (P S TN : P u b 1 i c S w i t c h i n g T e l e p h o n e N e t w o r k ) であり、 P S T N lは通常の通信モードの他に、 非同期転送モー ド (ATM : A s y n c h r o n o u s T r a n s f e r M o d e ) で通信する機能を有 する。 2は P S T N 1 と有線接続あるいは無線接続され、 基地局 3 , 6 を制御する移動交換局 (M S C : M o b i 1 e S w i t c h i n g C e n t e r ) である。 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a wireless communication system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a public network (PS TN: Pubic Switching Telephone Network); In addition to the normal communication mode, it has a function to communicate in the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). Reference numeral 2 denotes a mobile switching center (MSC: Mobi1eSwitchhingCentre) which is connected to the PSTN1 by wire or wirelessly and controls the base stations 3 and 6.
3 , 6は加入者局 9より も高い位置に設置された基地局 (B S : B a s e S t a t i o n ) 、 4, 7は基地局 3, 6の電波送受信アンテナ 、 5, 8は基地局 3 , 6の光無線送受信用アンテナ、 9は基地局 3, 6 と電波無線回線及び光無線回線を接続して、 無線通信を実行する加入者 局 (M S : M o b i 1 e S t a t i o n ) である。 ただし、 ここでは 、 移動局、 携帯局、 固定局、 半固定局等を総称して加入者局と称する。 3, 6 are base stations (BS: Base Station) installed at a higher position than the subscriber station 9, 4, 7 are radio wave transmitting / receiving antennas of the base stations 3, 6, and 5 and 8 are base stations 3, 6, The optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 9 is a subscriber station (MS: Mobile Station) that performs wireless communication by connecting the base stations 3 and 6 to the radio and optical wireless lines. However, here, mobile stations, mobile stations, fixed stations, semi-fixed stations, etc. are collectively referred to as subscriber stations.
1 0は加入者局 9の電波送受信アンテナ、 1 1 は加入者局 9の光無線 送受信用アンテナである。 Numeral 10 denotes a radio transmitting / receiving antenna of the subscriber station 9 and 11 denotes an optical radio transmitting / receiving antenna of the subscriber station 9.
加入者局 9と基地局 3 , 6は、 ディ ジタル変調方式による変調方式で
信号をやり取り し、 下記に示す通信方式等を用いて無線接続される。 • 周波数多重分割アクセス · 時分割双方向通信 ( F D 4AZT D D ( T i m e D i v i s i o n D u 1 e ¾ '^; The subscriber station 9 and the base stations 3 and 6 use a digital modulation scheme. Signals are exchanged and wirelessly connected using the following communication method. • Frequency division multiplexing access · Time-division bidirectional communication (FD 4AZT DD (Time D ivision Du 1 e ¾ '^;
• 符号分割多重アクセス · 時分割双方向通信 ( C o d e D i V i s i o n M u l t i p l e A c c e s s ZT i m e D i v i s i o n • Code division multiple access • Time division bi-directional communication (CodeDiVisMuiltipleAAccessZTimeDiviseion
D u p 1 e x : C D MA/T D D) 方式 Dup1ex: CDMA / TDD) method
- マルチキャ リア一時分割多重アクセス · 周波数分割双方向通信 ( M u l t i — c a r r i e r s T i m e D i v i s i o n M u l t i p i e A c c e s s / F r e q u e n c y D i v i s i o n D u p 1 e x : T DMA/F D D) 方式 -Multi-carrier temporary division multiple access · Frequency division two-way communication (Multi — carri ers Tiem e Div i sioni Mul t i p i e Ac c e s s / Freq u en c cy D iv i s io n Du p 1ex: TDMA / FDD)
. Ύ ΌΜΑ/Ύ Ό D方式 Ό ΌΜΑ / Ύ Ό D method
• 時分割 C D M A/7 F D D方式 • Time division CDMA / 7 FDD system
- 時分割 C DMA/TD D方式 -Time division C DMA / TD D method
これらの無線通信システムに関しては、 我々の既出願特許 U S 5 , 8 0 5 , 5 8 1 (特開平 8 — 1 3 0 7 6 6号公報) , P C TZ J P 9 7 Z 0 2 8 9 0及び P C TZ J P 9 7 / 0 3 4 9 2 に詳細に説明されている が、 基地局及び加入者局が、 電波無線回線及び光無線回線を共用する機 能を有する無線通信システムについては、 前記の特許出願では言及して いないので、 以下詳細に記述する。 Regarding these wireless communication systems, we have already filed patents US Pat. No. 5,805,581 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-130706), PC TZ JP97 Z0290 and Although described in detail in PC TZ JP97 / 0334492, a wireless communication system in which a base station and a subscriber station have a function of sharing a radio radio line and an optical radio line is described above. Since it is not mentioned in the patent application, it will be described in detail below.
第 2図は T DM A及び時分割 C D MAによる P C S ( P e r s o n a 1 C o mmu n i c a t i o n S y s t e m) 及びセルラ一向け夕 ィムスロッ トの構成例であり、 特に、 電波無線スペク トルと光無線スぺ ク トルとを同時に使用する場合の構成例である。 Fig. 2 shows an example of the configuration of a PCS (Persona 1 Communication System) using TDMA and time-division CDMA, and animated slot for cellular 1, and in particular, the radio radio spectrum and the optical radio spectrum. This is an example of a configuration in the case of using a turtle at the same time.
第 2図において、 # 2 1 — 0 A〜 5 Aは、 第 1及び第 2 フレーム中の 低速データ伝送用時分割 C D M Aタイムスロッ トのダウンリ ンク (D o w n - L i n k ) であり、 # 2 1 — O B〜 I Bは、 第 1 フレーム中のァ
ップリ ンク (U p— L i n k ) である。 In FIG. 2, # 2 1 — 0 A to 5 A are downlinks (Down-Link) of a time-division CDMA time slot for low-speed data transmission in the first and second frames, and # 2 1 — OB to IB are the keys in the first frame. It is a link (Up-Link).
# 2 2 — 1 Α〜 5 Α, # 2 2 — 0 Bは、 第 1及び第 2 フレーム中の P C S低速デ一夕伝送用 T D M Aタイムスロッ トである。 # 2 2 — 1 Α to 5 Α, # 2 2 — 0 B are the TDMA time slots for the PCS low-speed overnight transmission in the first and second frames.
# 2 3 — 0 A〜 4 A, # 2 3 — I Bは、 第 1及び第 2 フレーム中の P C S中速データ伝送用 T DMAタイムスロッ トであり、 # 2 4 — O A〜 5 A , # 2 4 _ 0 B〜 1 Bは、 第 1及び第 2 フレーム中のセルラ一中速 デ一夕 · 音声情報伝送用 T DMAタイムス口ッ トである。 # 2 3 — 0 A to 4 A, # 2 3 — IB is the TDMA time slot for PCS medium-speed data transmission in the first and second frames, and # 24 — OA to 5 A, # 24 _0B to 1B are TDMA timeslots for transmitting cellular / medium speed / voice information in the first and second frames.
# 2 5 — 1 Α〜 5 Α, # 2 5 — 0 Bは、 第 1及び第 2 フレーム中の P C S高速データ伝送用 T D MAタイムスロッ トであり、 # 2 6 - 0 A〜 4 A , # 2 6 — I Bは、 第 1及び第 2 フレーム中のセルラ一中速データ 伝送用 TD— C DMAタイムスロッ トである。 # 2 5 — 1 Α to 5 Α, # 2 5 — 0 B is the TDMA time slot for PCS high-speed data transmission in the first and second frames, and is # 26-0 A to 4 A, # 2 6 — IB is the TD—C DMA time slot for cellular medium-speed data transmission in the first and second frames.
# 2 7 — 0 A〜 5 A, # 2 7 — 0 B〜 l Bは、 光無線スぺク トル帯域 における第 1及び第 2 フレーム中の P C S超高速データ通信のための時 分割 C DMAタイムスロッ トである。 # 2 7 — 0 A to 5 A, # 2 7 — 0 B to LB are time division C DMA time slots for PCS ultra-high-speed data communication in the first and second frames in the optical wireless spectrum band. It is.
第 2図は T D D T i m e D i v i s i o n D u p l e x ) の U p - L i n k及び D o w n _ L i n kを表しており、 U p— L i n kは 時間軸横の R 1 。 B〜 R 1 1 Bによって表現されているタイムスロッ 卜で あり、 D o w n — L i n kは時間軸横の T 1 。 A〜 T 1 5 A及び T 2 。 A〜 T 2 3 Aによって表現されているタイムスロッ トである。 FIG. 2 shows Up-Link and Down_Link of TDDT (Division Duplex), where Up-Link is R 1 beside the time axis. B ~ R 1 1 are timeslots a Bok being represented by B, D own - L ink's horizontal time axis T 1. A ~ T 1 5 A and T 2. A timeslot being represented by A ~ T 2 3 A.
U p - L i n kのタイムスロッ ト R 1 。 B〜R 1 1 Bと、 D o w n — L i n kのタイムスロッ ト T 1 。 A〜 T 1 5 Aとが 1 フ レームを構成してお り、 タイムスロッ ト丁 2 。 ^〜丁 2 3 が次のフレームに属する夕ィムス ロッ トである。 即ち、 第 2図は 1 フレームと 1 / 2 フレームとを表現し ている。 Time slot R 1 of Up-Link. And B ~R 1 1 B, D own - timeslot T 1 of the L ink. And the A ~ T 1 5 A Ri your constitute one frame, timeslot Ding 2. ^ ~ Ding 2 3 is an evening Imusu lots belonging to the next frame. That is, FIG. 2 represents one frame and one half frame.
第 2図は本システムの一つの特徴を明示しており、 電波無線スぺク ト ル帯域上のタイムスロッ トカ^ 光無線スぺク トル帯域上のタイムスロッ
卜と時間的フ レームだけではなく、 タイムスロッ トの時間関係も一致し ている。 これにより、 電波無線回線と光無線回線の同期が図られている 第 2 図には示していないが、 マルチフレーム単位で電波無線回線と光 無線回線の同期を図るようにしてもよい。 即ち、 時間軸方向の区切り方 として、 タイムスロッ ト、 フレーム、 マルチフレーム、 スーパ一マルチ フレーム等を一単位として区切るレイヤー構造を構成してもよい。 Fig. 2 clearly shows one feature of this system. Time slot in the radio radio spectrum band. Time slot in the optical radio spectrum band. In addition to the time frame and the time frame, the time relationship of the time slot is also consistent. By this means, the radio wave radio link and the optical radio link are synchronized. Although not shown in FIG. 2, the radio radio link and the optical radio link may be synchronized in multiframe units. That is, a layer structure that divides a time slot, a frame, a multi-frame, a super-multi-frame, or the like as one unit may be configured as a method of dividing in the time axis direction.
第 3図は基地局 3の内部を示す構成図であり (基地局 6の内部も同様 ) 、 図において、 2 1 は電波無線回線を用いて加入者局 9 と無線通信す る電波送受信機、 2 2は光無線回線を用いて加入者局 9 と無線通信する 光送受信機、 2 3は電波送受信機 2 1又は光送受信機 2 2が C D M A信 号を送受信する場合、 拡散符号を発生する拡散符号発生器、 2 4は電波 送受信機 2 1又は光送受信機 2 2 の受信信号が C D M A信号の場合、 そ の受信信号に拡散符号を乗算することにより (以下、 逆拡散操作という ) 、 所望の情報を抽出して網接続器 2 5 に出力し、 その受信信号が T D M A信号の場合、 逆拡散操作を実施せず、 タイムスロッ トから抽出した 情報をそのまま網接続器 2 5 に出力するフレーム · チャネル形成器であ る。 なお、 フレーム · チャネル形成器 2 4は網接続器 2 5から情報が送 信された場合には、 上記と逆の動作を実行して、 送信信号を電波送受信 機 2 1又は光送受信機 2 2 に出力する。 FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the inside of the base station 3 (the same applies to the inside of the base station 6). In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a radio transceiver for performing radio communication with the subscriber station 9 using a radio radio line; 2 2 is an optical transceiver that wirelessly communicates with the subscriber station 9 using an optical wireless line, 23 is a spread that generates a spreading code when the radio transceiver 21 or the optical transceiver 22 transmits and receives CDMA signals. When the received signal of the radio transceiver 21 or the optical transceiver 22 is a CDMA signal, the code generator 24 multiplies the received signal by a spreading code (hereinafter referred to as despreading operation) to obtain a desired signal. Frames and channels that extract information and output it to network connector 25, and if the received signal is a TDMA signal, do not perform despreading and output the information extracted from the time slot to network connector 25 as it is. It is a former. When information is transmitted from the network connector 25, the frame / channel former 24 executes the reverse operation to transmit the transmission signal to the radio transceiver 21 or the optical transceiver 22. Output to
2 5は移動交換局 2 と情報の送受信を実行する網接続器、 2 6 は加入 者局番号や拡散符号等の局間制御情報を処理して、 加入者局 9 と公衆網 1 を接続する制御情報プロセッサー、 2 7 は基地局が送信するフ レーム 構造を設定し (第 2図を参照) 、 伝送容量に応じて T D M A又は時分割 C D M A ( T D— C D M A ) を選定する等の処理を実行する基地局制御 プロセッサーである。
第 4図は加入者局 9の内部を示す構成図であり、 図において、 3 1 は 電波無線チャネルを用いて基地局 3, 6 と無線通信する電波送受信機、 3 2は光無線チャネルを用いて基地局 3 , 6 と無線通信する光送受信機 、 3 3は電波送受信機 3 1 又は光送受信機 3 2が C DM A信号を送受信 する場合、 拡散符号を発生する拡散符号発生器、 3 4は基地局 3 , 6の フレーム · チャネル形成器 2 4 と同様の機能を有するフレーム · チヤネ ル形成器、 3 5はフレーム · チャネル形成器 3 4により抽出された情報 等を表示する表示器であり、 音声や画像により加入者が必要な情報を取 り出すことができる。 また、 表示器 3 5を用いて公衆網 1 1 に送信する 情報を入力することができる。 Reference numeral 25 denotes a network connector for transmitting / receiving information to / from the mobile switching center 2, and reference numeral 26 denotes processing of inter-station control information such as a subscriber number and a spreading code to connect the subscriber station 9 to the public network 1. The control information processor 27 sets the frame structure to be transmitted by the base station (see Fig. 2) and performs processing such as selecting TDMA or time division CDMA (TD-CDMA) according to the transmission capacity. Base station control processor. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the inside of the subscriber station 9. In the figure, 31 is a radio transceiver for radio communication with the base stations 3 and 6 using radio radio channels, and 32 is an optical radio channel. An optical transceiver that wirelessly communicates with the base stations 3 and 6 by radio.33 is a spreading code generator that generates a spreading code when the radio transceiver 31 or the optical transceiver 32 transmits and receives a CDMA signal. Is a frame / channel former having the same function as the frame / channel former 24 of the base stations 3 and 6, and 35 is a display for displaying information extracted by the frame / channel former 34 and the like. Subscribers can extract necessary information by voice and images. Further, information to be transmitted to the public network 11 can be input using the display 35.
3 6はフレーム · チャネル形成器 3 4や表示器 3 5を制御する制御情 報プロセッサー、 3 7は加入者局が送信するフレーム構造を設定し (第 2図を参照) 、 伝送容量に応じて TDMA又は時分割 C DMA (TD— C DMA) を選定する等の処理を実行する加入者局制御プロセッサーで ある。 Reference numeral 36 denotes a control information processor for controlling the frame channel generator 34 and the display 35. Reference numeral 37 designates a frame structure to be transmitted by the subscriber station (see FIG. 2), and according to the transmission capacity. It is a subscriber station control processor that performs processing such as selecting TDMA or time division C DMA (TD-C DMA).
第 5図はこの発明の実施の形態 1 による無線通信システムの処理内容 を示すフローチヤ一 トである。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing content of the wireless communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
次に、 基地局 3 と加入者局 9が無線通信を実行する場合の概略動作を 説明する (詳細な動作は後述する) 。 Next, a schematic operation when the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 execute wireless communication will be described (detailed operation will be described later).
まず、 基地局 3 と加入者局 9が無線通信を実行する場合、 例えば、 加 入者局 9の発呼要求に応じて、 基地局 3 と加入者局 9間に電波無線回線 を設定する操作を実行し、 両者を無線接続する (ステップ S T 1 ) 。 First, when the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 perform wireless communication, for example, an operation of setting up a radio wave radio circuit between the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 in response to a call request from the subscriber station 9 And wirelessly connect the two (step ST 1).
この状態では、 第 2図の電波無線スぺク トル帯域中の回線が選定され る。 In this state, a line in the radio wave spectrum band of FIG. 2 is selected.
ただし、 無線接続の完了を確認し (ステップ S T 2 ) 、 無線接続に失 敗した場合には、 電波無線回線の設定操作を再実行する。
次に、 電波無線回線の接続に成功すると、 電波無線回線の接続を継続 したまま、 基地局 3 と加入者局 9間に光無線回線を設定する操作を開始 し、 両者を光接続する (ステップ S T 3 ) 。 However, confirm the completion of the wireless connection (step ST 2), and if the wireless connection fails, perform the setting operation of the radio wave radio line again. Next, when the connection of the radio wave radio line is successful, the operation of setting up the optical radio line between the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 is started while the connection of the radio wave radio line is continued, and the two are optically connected (step ST 3).
この状態では、 第 2図の電波無線スペク トル帯域中の回線の他に、 光 無線スぺク トル帯域中の回線が選定される。 In this state, a line in the optical radio spectrum band is selected in addition to the line in the radio radio spectrum band in FIG.
ただし、 光接続の完了を確認し (ステップ S T 4 ) 、 光接続に失敗し た場合には、 光無線回線の設定操作を再実行する。 However, the completion of the optical connection is confirmed (step ST4), and if the optical connection fails, the setting operation of the optical wireless line is executed again.
次に、 光無線回線の接続に成功すると、 電波無線回線と光無線回線の 共用を開始し、 例えば、 伝送容量や伝送速度、 あるいは、 回線の使用環 境 (伝送エラーの発生状況) に応じて、 都合のよい無線回線を選択し、 無線通信を実行する (ステップ S T 5 ) 。 Next, when the connection of the optical wireless line succeeds, the sharing of the radio wireless line and the optical wireless line is started. For example, according to the transmission capacity and the transmission speed, or the use environment of the line (transmission error occurrence status). Then, a convenient wireless line is selected and wireless communication is performed (step ST5).
そして、 無線通信を終了する場合、 始めに光無線回線を切断し、 その 後、 電波無線回線を切断して、 無線通信を完了する (ステップ S T 6 ) ここで、 電波無線回線と光無線回線の共用を開始する場合、 最初に電 波無線回線を接続してから光無線回線を接続し、 電波無線回線と光無線 回線の共用を終了する場合、 最初に光無線回線を切断してから電波無線 回線を切断するようにしているが、 その理由は次の通りである。 光無線 回線は、 光の直進性により加入者局の向きが変化すると、 回線断が発生 する可能性が高いので、 光無線回線のみが接続されている状況を作ると 、 無線通信の実行が不可能になる可能性が高くなるからである。 Then, when terminating the wireless communication, the optical wireless line is disconnected first, and then the radio wave wireless line is disconnected to complete the wireless communication (step ST 6). To start sharing, first connect the wireless radio line, then connect the optical wireless line.To end sharing of the wireless radio line and the optical wireless line, first disconnect the optical wireless line, then disconnect the wireless radio line. The line is disconnected, for the following reasons. In optical wireless lines, if the direction of the subscriber station changes due to the straightness of light, line disconnection is highly likely to occur. Therefore, if a situation where only optical wireless lines are connected is created, wireless communication will not be performed. This is because the possibility of becoming possible is increased.
なお、 光無線回線の接続が可能な領域では、 電波無線回線は必ず接続 可能であると考えられる。 In areas where optical wireless lines can be connected, radio wave wireless lines are considered to be always connectable.
以上で明らかなように、 この実施の形態 1 によれば、 電波無線回線の 他に、 その電波無線回線と時間軸上で共通なレイヤー構造を有する光無 線回線を接続して無線通信を実行するように構成したので、 電波無線回
線と光無線回線を共用して、 無線通信を相互に補完することができる効 果を奏する。 As is clear from the above, according to the first embodiment, in addition to the radio wave radio line, the radio radio line and the optical radio line having a common layer structure on the time axis are connected to execute radio communication. So that the radio It has the effect of sharing wireless and optical wireless lines and complementing wireless communication with each other.
即ち、 電波無線回線と光無線回線は、 時間軸上のレイヤー構造が共通 であるため、 電波と光という物理的性質を除けば、 電波による通信と光 による通信を同一構造で取扱う ことができる。 したがって、 通信環境に 応じて、 都合のよい無線通信回線を自由に選択し、 必要に応じて通信路 を自由に切り換えることができる効果を奏する。 That is, since the radio wave radio line and the optical radio line have the same layer structure on the time axis, communication using radio waves and communication using light can be handled with the same structure except for the physical properties of radio waves and light. Therefore, there is an effect that a convenient wireless communication line can be freely selected according to the communication environment, and the communication path can be freely switched as necessary.
先の第 2 図の説明では言及していないが、 第 2図では、 電波無線スぺ ク トル領域において、 複数の搬送波を使用するマルチキャ リアー方式を 実現している。 Although not mentioned in the above description of FIG. 2, in FIG. 2, a multicarrier system using a plurality of carriers is realized in the radio wave spectrum area.
図には示していないが、 光無線スぺク トル領域においても複数個の波 長を使用する光マルチキャ リア一方式を実現することができる。 Although not shown in the figure, an optical multi-carrier system using a plurality of wavelengths can be realized even in the optical wireless spectrum region.
したがって、 電波無線回線及び光無線回線における共用マルチ回線方 式も実現可能である。 この場合には、 電波無線回線及び光無線回線にお いて、 共通して構成される任意のタイムスロッ トの中に、 T D M A信号 と時分割 C D M A信号を共存させる機能を実現することができる。 Therefore, it is possible to realize a shared multi-line system for radio wave radio lines and optical radio lines. In this case, it is possible to realize a function of coexisting the TDMA signal and the time-division CDMA signal in any commonly configured time slot in the radio wave radio line and the optical radio line.
また、 図には示していないが、 各タイムスロッ 卜の時分割 C D M Aの チップレー トを変更して異なる伝送速度の情報を、 異なるタイムスロッ トに振り分けて伝送するという機能も実現できる。 この考えを延長する と、 時間軸上のタイムスロッ ト列の中に T D M A信号と時分割 C D M A 信号を任意に配置することができる。 即ち、 光無線帯域及び電波無線帯 域において、 時間軸方向タイムスロッ 卜に複数個の T D M A信号と複数 個の時分割 C D M A信号とを共存させる機能を実現することができる。 実施の形態 2 . Although not shown in the figure, a function of distributing information of different transmission speeds to different time slots by changing the chip rate of the time division CDMA of each time slot can also be realized. Extending this idea, the TDMA signal and the time-division CDMA signal can be arranged arbitrarily in the time slot sequence on the time axis. That is, in the optical wireless band and the radio wave wireless band, a function of coexisting a plurality of TDMA signals and a plurality of time-division CDMA signals in the time slot in the time axis direction can be realized. Embodiment 2
第 6図は光無線 · 電波無線共用通信システムの別のスぺク トル構成例
を示す説明図である。 Fig. 6 shows another example of the spectrum configuration of the optical wireless / radio wireless shared communication system. FIG.
上記実施の形態 1 と異なり、 光無線スペク トル領域における超高速光 無線時分割 C D M A ( T D - C D M A ) の時系列の中に T D M A信号夕 ィムスロッ ト (# 6 1 — 1 A) を含んでいる。 Unlike the first embodiment, the TDMA signal slot (# 61-1A) is included in the time series of ultra-high-speed optical wireless time division CDMA (TD-CDMA) in the optical wireless spectrum region.
このタイムスロッ トでは、 伝送チャネルが 1ユーザ分しかないが、 最 高速度の伝送レートを実現することが可能である。 In this time slot, the transmission channel is only for one user, but the highest transmission rate can be realized.
また、 1 フレーム長には、 電波無線回線と光無線回線とが含まれるが 、 第 6図では、 電波無線回線における U p L i n kと D o w n L i n k間の切れ目位置と、 光無線回線における U p— L i n kと D o wn L i n k間の切れ目位置とが異なっている。 In addition, one frame length includes a radio wave radio link and an optical radio link. In FIG. 6, the break position between the Up Link and the Down Link in the radio radio link and the U The position of the break between p-ink and down ink is different.
即ち、 電波無線回線における切れ目位置が 3タイムスロッ 卜であるの に対して、 光無線回線における切れ目位置が 2タイムスロッ トである。 電波スぺク トル領域において、 異なる周波数チャネル間の T D M A信 号、 あるいは、 TD— C DMA信号の U p— L i n kと D o wn— L i n k間の切れ目が、 1 フレームの中で互いに異なるタイムスロッ トにあ る場合には、 基地局の送信側電波が、 異なるタイムスロッ トの受信信号 を抑圧する可能性がある。 That is, while the break position in the radio wave radio line is 3 time slots, the break position in the optical radio line is 2 time slots. In the radio spectrum area, the TDMA signal between different frequency channels or the break between the Uplink and Downlink of the TD-CDMA signal is different from each other in one frame. In such a case, the transmitting side radio wave of the base station may suppress the received signals in different time slots.
しかしながら、 U p— L i n kと D o w n— L i n k間の切れ目が、 1 フレームの中で互いに異なるタイムスロッ トにある場合でも、 この実 施の形態 2のように、 一方が電波無線通信で、 他方が光無線通信であれ ば、 伝送方式が全く異なるので、 互いに相手に与える影響を少なくする ことができる。 However, even when the break between the Up-link and the Down-link is at a different time slot in one frame, as in the second embodiment, one is radio wave radio communication and the other is radio wave communication. If is an optical wireless communication, the transmission schemes are completely different, so that the effects on each other can be reduced.
なお、 光無線 T D— C D M Aタイムスロッ ト列の中に、 少なく とも一 つの TDMAタイムスロッ トを含むよう にすると、 伝送容量が大きいュ —ザに対応することができる効果を奏する。
実施の形態 3. In addition, if at least one TDMA time slot is included in the optical wireless TD-CDMA time slot train, it is possible to cope with a user having a large transmission capacity. Embodiment 3.
第 7図は光無線 · 電波無線共用通信システムの更に別のスぺク トル構 成例を示す説明図である。 FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing still another example of the spectrum configuration of the optical / radio wave shared communication system.
光無線タイムスロッ ト列の中に、 複数のタイムスロッ 卜が複合された タイムスロッ ト # 7 1 - 2 3 Aをュ一ザに割り当てることにより、 一つ のタイムスロッ ト (例えば、 # 2 7 — 4 A) を割り当てるよ り も、 高速 伝送を必要とするユーザに対応することができる (電波無線スぺク トル 領域のタイムスロッ 卜に、 複数のタイムスロッ 卜が複合されたタイムス ロッ トを割り当てることにより、 高速伝送に対応するようにしてもよい ) 。 By assigning a time slot # 71- 23 A, which is a composite of multiple time slots, to the user in the optical wireless time slot train, one time slot (for example, # 27-4 A) Can be used for users who require high-speed transmission rather than assigning time slots. (By assigning a time slot in which multiple time slots are combined to a time slot in the radio wave spectrum area, high-speed transmission is possible.) May be supported).
第 7図では、 二つのタイムスロッ トを複合して、 一つの複合タイムス ロッ トを使用するものについて示している力 これに限るものではなく 、 任意の複数個のタイムスロッ トを複合して、 一つの複合タイムスロッ トを使用するようにしてもよい。 FIG. 7 shows a case in which two time slots are combined and one combined time slot is used.The force is not limited to this.A plurality of arbitrary time slots are combined and one time slot is combined. A composite time slot may be used.
特に、 光 TDMAタイムスロッ トを複数個連続して、 一つのユーザに 割り当てれば (例えば、 タイムスロッ ト # 7 1 - 2 3 Aとタイムスロッ ト # 6 1 — 1 Aを、 時系列軸方向に連続して割り当てる) 、 伝送速度を 飛躍的に高めることができる。 In particular, if a plurality of optical TDMA time slots are consecutively allocated to one user (for example, time slot # 71-23A and time slot # 61-1A are consecutively arranged in the time-series axis direction). ), Which can dramatically increase the transmission speed.
任意の個数のタイムスロッ トを一つタイムスロッ 卜のように取极う こ とにより、 任意の速度をユーザに割り当てることができるという効果を 奏する。 実施の形態 4. By taking an arbitrary number of time slots as one time slot, it is possible to assign an arbitrary speed to a user. Embodiment 4.
第 8図は光無線スぺク トル帯域の制御チャネルを 「低速多チャネル光 無線 TD— C DMAスロッ ト # 8 2 — O A」 に設置し、 電波無線スぺク トル帯域の制御チャネルを 「低速多チャネル T D— C D M Aスロッ ト #
8 1 — 1 A」 に設置する例を示している。 Fig. 8 shows that the control channel of the optical wireless spectrum band is set to "low-speed multi-channel optical wireless TD-C DMA slot # 82-OA", and the control channel of the radio wireless spectrum band is set to "low speed". Multi-channel TD—CDMA slot # 8 1 — 1 A ”.
第 9図はこの発明の実施の形態 4による無線通信システムの処理内容 を示すフローチヤ一卜である。 FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the processing content of the wireless communication system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
次に、 基地局 3 と加入者局 9が無線通信を実行する場合の詳細動作を 説明する。 Next, a detailed operation when the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 execute wireless communication will be described.
まず、 基地局 3 と加入者局 9が無線通信を実行する場合、 加入者局 9 は、 通常の電波無線回線による通信を実行する場合と同様に、 D o w n 一 L i n kスロッ ト # 8 1 — 1 Aを用いて、 基地局 3が時分割 C D M A 形式で送信する制御チャネルである放送チャネル (全ての加入者局が最 初に受信する共通のチャネル) を受信する。 First, when the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 perform wireless communication, the subscriber station 9 performs the same as the own station slot # 8 1, as in the case of performing communication using a normal radio wave radio line. Using 1A, the base station 3 receives a broadcast channel (a common channel received first by all subscriber stations), which is a control channel transmitted in time division CDMA format.
この放送チャネルには、 基地局 3の固有情報の他に、 基地局 3が光無 線通信機能を有することを示す識別符号が含まれている。 The broadcast channel includes an identification code indicating that the base station 3 has an optical wireless communication function, in addition to the unique information of the base station 3.
加入者局 9は、 放送チャネルを受信すると、 その放送チャネルの情報 を解読して、 現在、 基地局 3が受信可能な制御チャネルの拡散符号を認 識する。 When receiving the broadcast channel, the subscriber station 9 decodes the information of the broadcast channel and recognizes the spread code of the control channel that can be received by the base station 3 at present.
そして、 加入者局 9は、 その拡散符号が示す U p — L i n kスロッ ト # 8 1 一 0 Bの制御チャネルを用いて、 発呼信号を基地局に電波無線送 信する (ステップ S T 1 1 ) 。 Then, the subscriber station 9 transmits a call signal to the base station by radio wave using the Up-Link slot # 81 10B control channel indicated by the spreading code (step ST11). ).
この場合、 加入者局 9が光無線通信に対応する機能を有することを示 す識別符号を発呼信号に含めて送信する。 In this case, an identification code indicating that the subscriber station 9 has a function corresponding to the optical wireless communication is included in the call signal and transmitted.
ただし、 加入者局 9が光無線通信に対応する機能を有していない場合 には (ステップ S T 1 2 ) 、 光無線回線を接続することができないので 、 通常の電波無線回線による無線通信のみが実行される (ステップ S T 1 3 ) 。 この部分は従来の通信と同じであるので記述を省略する。 However, if the subscriber station 9 does not have a function corresponding to the optical wireless communication (step ST12), since the optical wireless line cannot be connected, only the wireless communication using the normal radio wave wireless line is performed. It is executed (step ST 13). Since this part is the same as the conventional communication, the description is omitted.
基地局 3は、 加入者局 9から光無線通信に対応する機能を有すること を示す識別符号が含まれた発呼信号を受信すると、 先の放送チャネルと
は異なる電波無線回線における加入者局専用の D o w n— L i n k制御 回線を通じて、 加入者局 9が使用すべき光無線回線の情報 (例えば、 光 無線回線スロッ ト # 2 7 — 2 A / # 2 7 — 1 Bにおいて、 加入者局 9 に 割り当てられた光無線回線の通話チャネルの拡散符号指定番号等) を加 入者局 9 に送信する (ステップ S T 1 4 ) 。 When the base station 3 receives a call signal including an identification code indicating that the base station 3 has a function corresponding to the optical wireless communication from the subscriber station 9, the base station 3 The information of the optical wireless line to be used by the subscriber station 9 (for example, optical wireless line slot # 27-2A / # 2 At 7-1B, the subscriber station 9 is transmitted to the subscriber station 9 (such as the spreading code designation number of the communication channel of the optical wireless line allocated to the subscriber station 9) (step ST14).
そして、 加入者局 9 は、 光無線回線の情報を受信すると、 光無線回線 における U p— L i n kスロッ ト # 2 7 — 1 B中の指定された拡散符号 で使用可能な通話チャネルを通じて、 光無線回線の発呼信号を基地局 3 に光無線送信する (ステップ S T 1 5 ) 。 When the subscriber station 9 receives the information on the optical wireless link, the subscriber station 9 transmits the optical link through the communication channel that can be used with the designated spreading code in the Uplink slot # 27-1B in the optical wireless link. An outgoing call signal of the wireless line is optically wirelessly transmitted to the base station 3 (step ST15).
基地局 3 は、 光無線回線の発呼信号を受信するため、 指定したタイム スロッ トと拡散符号によって光信号 (発呼信号) を検出する。 The base station 3 detects the optical signal (call signal) based on the designated time slot and spread code to receive the call signal of the optical wireless line.
基地局 3は、 その光信号を検出できれば、 光無線回線 (U p— L i n k回線) の接続が完了したものと判断して (ステップ S T 1 6 ) 、 光無 線回線における D o w n— L i n k回線を設定し、 電波無線回線と光無 線回線の共用を開始する (ステップ S T 1 7 ) 。 If the base station 3 can detect the optical signal, it determines that the connection of the optical wireless line (Up-Link line) has been completed (step ST16), and determines the own link in the optical wireless line. The line is set, and sharing of the radio wave line and the optical line is started (step ST17).
一方、 その光信号を検出できない場合は、 加入者局 9が発呼信号の送 信処理を既に n回以上試みたか否かを判定し (ステップ S T 1 9 ) 、 既 に n回以上試行されている場合には、 光無線回線の接続を断念して、 電 波無線通信のみを実施する (ステップ S T 2 0 ) 。 On the other hand, if the optical signal cannot be detected, it is determined whether or not the subscriber station 9 has already tried the transmission processing of the call signal at least n times (step ST 19). If so, the connection of the optical wireless line is abandoned, and only the wireless wireless communication is performed (step ST 20).
基地局 3 と加入者局 9は、 電波無線回線と光無線回線の共用を開始す ると、 例えば、 伝送容量や伝送速度、 あるいは、 回線の使用環境 (伝送 エラーの発生状況) に応じて、 都合のよい無線回線を選択し、 電波無線 通信又は光無線通信を実行する (ステップ S T 1 8 ) 。 When the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 start sharing the radio radio line and the optical radio line, for example, according to the transmission capacity and transmission speed, or the use environment of the line (transmission error occurrence status), A convenient wireless line is selected, and radio wave communication or optical wireless communication is executed (step ST 18).
そして、 無線通信を終了する場合、 始めに光無線回線を切断し、 その 後、 電波無線回線を切断して、 無線通信を完了する (ステップ S T 2 1 Then, when terminating the wireless communication, the optical wireless line is disconnected first, and then the radio wave wireless line is disconnected to complete the wireless communication (step ST21).
) o
以上で明らかなように、 この実施の形態 4によれば、 光無線回線が接 続された後も、 電波無線回線の接続が継続されるので、 電波無線回線と 光無線回線を共用することができるとともに、 電波無線回線が光無線回 線の保護手段として機能することができる効果がある。 ) o As is clear from the above, according to the fourth embodiment, the connection of the radio radio line is continued even after the optical radio line is connected, so that the radio radio line and the optical radio line can be shared. In addition to this, there is an effect that the radio wave radio line can function as a protection means for the optical radio line.
また、 光無線回線の接続が切断された場合でも、 制御信号の接続を保 持することができる効果もある。 実施の形態 5 . Also, there is an effect that the connection of the control signal can be maintained even when the connection of the optical wireless line is disconnected. Embodiment 5
第 1 0図は電波無線回線と光無線回線の共用中に光無線回線が切断さ れた場合の復旧手順を示すフローチャー トである。 FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a recovery procedure when the optical wireless line is disconnected while the radio wave wireless line and the optical wireless line are shared.
まず、 加入者局 9は、 電波無線回線と光無線回線の共用中、 光無線回 線の接続が継続しているか否かを監視し (ステップ S T 3 1 , S T 3 2 ) 、 光無線回線の回線断を検出すると、 電波無線回線の制御チャネルを 通じて、 光無線回線の再発呼信号を基地局 3 に送信する (ステップ S T 3 3 ) 。 First, the subscriber station 9 monitors whether or not the connection of the optical wireless line is continued while the radio wireless line and the optical wireless line are shared (steps ST31 and ST32), and When the line disconnection is detected, a recall signal of the optical wireless line is transmitted to the base station 3 through the control channel of the radio wave wireless line (step ST33).
基地局 3は、 加入者局 9が送信する再発呼信号の受信を監視し (ステ ップ S T 3 4 ) 、 光無線回線の再発呼信号を受信すると、 光無線回線の ア ドレスなど必要な回線情報を加入者局 9 に送信する (ステップ S T 3 5 ) 。 The base station 3 monitors the reception of the re-calling signal transmitted by the subscriber station 9 (step ST34), and upon receiving the re-calling signal of the optical wireless line, receives the necessary line such as the address of the optical wireless line. The information is transmitted to the subscriber station 9 (step ST35).
加入者局 9は、 光無線回線の回線情報を受信すると、 その回線情報が 指定する上りの光無線回線を通じて、 再度、 光無線信号を基地局 3 に送 信し、 光無線通信の実行を再試行する (ステップ S T 3 6 ) 。 When receiving the line information of the optical wireless line, the subscriber station 9 transmits the optical wireless signal to the base station 3 again through the upstream optical wireless line specified by the line information, and restarts the execution of the optical wireless communication. Attempt (step ST36).
そして、 基地局 3が加入者局 9から送信される光無線信号を受信する と、 今度は、 下りの光無線回線を通じて、 光無線信号を加入者局 9 に送 信し、 加入者局 9が光無線信号の受信に成功すれば、 光無線回線の再接 続が完了したことになる。
光無線回線の再接続が完了すると (ステップ S T 3 7 ) 、 基地局 3 と 加入者局 9 は、 電波無線回線と光無線回線の共用を再開する (ステップ S T 3 8 ) 。 Then, when the base station 3 receives the optical wireless signal transmitted from the subscriber station 9, the base station 3 transmits the optical wireless signal to the subscriber station 9 through a downstream optical wireless line, and the subscriber station 9 If the optical wireless signal is successfully received, reconnection of the optical wireless line is completed. When the reconnection of the optical wireless line is completed (step ST37), the base station 3 and the subscriber station 9 resume sharing of the radio wireless line and the optical wireless line (step ST38).
ただし、 光無線回線の再接続が必ず成功するとは限らないので、 再接 続できない場合は、 電波無線回線による無線通信のみを継続することに なる。 However, since reconnection of the optical wireless line is not always successful, if reconnection is not possible, only wireless communication using the radio wave radio line will be continued.
光無線回線の光は、 その直進性のために、 加入者局の機器の向きが変 化すると、 基地局と加入者局間に接続されている回線が断となる可能性 が高い。 従って、 加入者局が移動局である場合には、 光無線回線の断検 出と電波無線通信による回線自動再設定機能は重要である。 この実施の 形態 5は、 その一例としてシステム機能を強化するという効果がある。 実施の形態 6 . Due to the straightness of the light of the optical wireless line, if the direction of the equipment at the subscriber station changes, there is a high possibility that the line connected between the base station and the subscriber station will be disconnected. Therefore, when the subscriber station is a mobile station, the function of automatically detecting the disconnection of the optical wireless line and automatically resetting the line by radio wave communication is important. The fifth embodiment has an effect of enhancing the system function as an example. Embodiment 6
上記実施の形態 5では、 光無線回線の回線断を検出すると、 光無線回 線を再接続するものについて示したが、 加入者局 9の光無線送受信用ァ ンテナ 1 1 の向きを、 光無線回線の接続対象である基地局が存在する方 向に合わせることにより、 光無線回線の通信環境を高めて、 回線断を防 止するようにしてもよい。 In the above fifth embodiment, the case where the optical wireless circuit is reconnected when the line disconnection of the optical wireless line is detected has been described. However, the direction of the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11 of the subscriber station 9 is changed to the optical wireless line. By adjusting to the direction in which the base station to which the line is connected exists, the communication environment of the optical wireless line may be enhanced to prevent line disconnection.
具体的には、 第 1 1 図に示すように、 複数の基地局 3 , 6 , 1 2から 電波を受信することが可能な加入者局 9カ^ 基地局 3 , 6 , 1 2からの 電波の遅延時間を測定することにより、 加入者局 9 自身の位置を計測す る。 図において、 1 3は基地局 1 2 の電波送受信アンテナ、 1 4は基地 局 1 2の光無線送受信用アンテナである。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, 9 subscriber stations capable of receiving radio waves from a plurality of base stations 3, 6, 12 are radio waves from 9 base stations 3, 6, 12 By measuring the delay time of the subscriber station 9, the position of the subscriber station 9 itself is measured. In the figure, 13 is a radio transmission / reception antenna of the base station 12, and 14 is an optical radio transmission / reception antenna of the base station 12.
ここで、 加入者局が複数の基地局とフ レーム同期を図る方法について は、 我々の既出願の特許 P C T / J P 9 7 / 0 2 7 9 0 に開示している
フレームの同期が成立した複数の基地局のうち、 少なく とも、 3つの 基地局から電波を受信し、 これらの電波の遅延時間を計測すれば、 加入 者局の位置が得られる (加入者局は、 予め各基地局の位置を登録してい るので、 電波の遅延時間が分かれば、 各基地局との距離が分かり、 更に 、 3つ以上の基地局との距離が分かれば、 幾何学的に加入者局の位置が 分かる) 。 Here, the method by which the subscriber station achieves frame synchronization with a plurality of base stations is disclosed in our patent application PCT / JP97 / 027990. Of the multiple base stations that have achieved frame synchronization, radio waves are received from at least three base stations and the delay time of these radio waves is measured to determine the position of the subscriber station. However, since the position of each base station is registered in advance, if the delay time of the radio wave is known, the distance to each base station can be known, and if the distance to three or more base stations is known, geometrically The location of the subscriber station is known).
そして、 加入者局 9は、 自身の位置を計測すれば、 光無線回線の接続 対象である基地局 (ここでは、 基地局 6 を接続対象とする) の位置につ いては、 予め認識しているので、 基地局 6 に対する加入者局 9の光無線 送受信用アンテナ 1 1 の向きを認識することができる。 Then, when the subscriber station 9 measures its own position, it recognizes in advance the position of the base station to which the optical wireless line is to be connected (here, the base station 6 is to be connected). Therefore, the direction of the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11 of the subscriber station 9 with respect to the base station 6 can be recognized.
そこで、 加入者局 9は、 自身の位置を計測すると、 後述するアンテナ 制御装置が光無線送受信用アンテナ 1 1 の向きを基地局 6が存在する方 向に合わせるようにする。 Therefore, when the subscriber station 9 measures its own position, the antenna control device described later adjusts the direction of the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11 to the direction in which the base station 6 exists.
これにより、 加入者局 9の光無線送受信用アンテナ 1 1が指向性を有 していても、 光無線信号を効率よく通信することができる。 Thereby, even if the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11 of the subscriber station 9 has directivity, it is possible to efficiently communicate the optical wireless signal.
なお、 光無線送受信用アンテナ 1 1 における指向性の方向の変更は、 機械的にアンテナを回転や上下させてもよいが、 電子的に方向を変える ようにしてもよい。 The direction of the directivity of the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11 may be changed by mechanically rotating or moving the antenna up or down, or by changing the direction electronically.
第 1 2図は加入者局 9の内部を示す構成図であり、 図において、 第 4 図と同一符号は同一または相当部分を示すので説明を省略する。 FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the inside of the subscriber station 9. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 denote the same or corresponding parts, and a description thereof will be omitted.
3 8は加入者局 9の位置を検出する G P S受信機、 3 9 は光無線送受 信用アンテナ 1 1 の方位を検出するための極北検出器、 4 0 は複数の基 地局から送信される電波の遅延時間より加入者局 9 の位置を計算し、 そ の計算結果又は G P S受信機 3 9の検出結果と、 極北検出器 3 9の方位 主報とに基づいて光無線送受信用アンテナ 1 1 の方位を駆動制御するァ ンテナ制御装置である
第 1 3図は光アンテナの指向性ポイ ンティ ングプロセスを示すフロ一 チヤ一卜である。 3 8 is a GPS receiver that detects the position of the subscriber station 9, 3 9 is a far north detector that detects the direction of the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11, and 40 is a radio wave transmitted from multiple base stations The position of the subscriber station 9 is calculated from the delay time of the optical transmission / reception antenna 11 based on the calculation result or the detection result of the GPS receiver 39 and the direction report of the far north detector 39. This is an antenna control device that drives and controls the bearing. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the directivity pointing process of the optical antenna.
ここでは、 ステップ S T 4 1 において、 基地局 6 と加入者局 9間に、 既に電波無線回線が接続されているものとする。 Here, it is assumed that a radio wave radio line has already been connected between base station 6 and subscriber station 9 in step ST41.
この状態で、 加入者局 9 は、 電波無線回線の制御チャネルを通じて、 光無線回線を設定するための発呼信号を基地局 6 に送信する。 In this state, the subscriber station 9 transmits a call signal for setting up the optical wireless line to the base station 6 through the control channel of the radio wave wireless line.
そして、 基地局 6は、 加入者局 9から送信された光無線回線の発呼信 号を受信すると (ステップ S T 4 2 ) 、 下りの光無線回線を用いて光無 線信号の送信開始する。 Then, upon receiving the outgoing signal of the optical wireless line transmitted from the subscriber station 9 (step ST42), the base station 6 starts transmission of the optical wireless signal using the downstream optical wireless line.
一方、 加入者局 9のアンテナ制御装置 4 0は、 複数の基地局から送信 される電波の遅延時間を検出して、 自身の位置を検出する処理を実行す る。 ただし、 複数の基地局から電波を受信できない等の場合には、 G P S受信機 3 8の検出結果から自身の位置を把握する。 On the other hand, the antenna control device 40 of the subscriber station 9 detects a delay time of radio waves transmitted from a plurality of base stations and executes a process of detecting its own position. However, in the case where radio waves cannot be received from a plurality of base stations, the position of the terminal is grasped from the detection result of the GPS receiver 38.
そして、 加入者局 9のアンテナ制御装置 4 0は、 自身の位置を検出す ると、 その位置情報と極北検出器 3 9の方位情報 (極北検出器 3 9の方 位情報は、 光無線送受信用アンテナ 1 1 の現在の向きを知るために利用 するが、 必須の情報ではない) から基地局 6が存在する方向を認識する 。 ただし、 基地局 6の位置は予め認識している。 When the antenna control device 40 of the subscriber station 9 detects its own position, the position information and the azimuth information of the far north detector 39 (the position information of the far north detector 39 are based on the optical wireless transmission / reception). It is used to know the current direction of the antenna 11 for use, but it is not essential information) to recognize the direction in which the base station 6 exists. However, the position of the base station 6 is known in advance.
加入者局 9のアンテナ制御装置 4 0は、 基地局 6が存在する方向を把 握すると、 光無線送受信用アンテナ 1 1 を駆動制御して、 光無線送受信 用アンテナ 1 1 の向きを基地局 6が存在する方向に合わせる処理を実行 する (ステップ S T 4 3 ) 。 When the antenna control device 40 of the subscriber station 9 grasps the direction in which the base station 6 exists, the antenna control device 40 drives and controls the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11 to change the orientation of the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11 to the base station 6. A process is performed to match the direction in which there is (step ST43).
加入者局 9は、 光無線送受信用アンテナ 1 1 を駆動制御すると、 基地 局 6が送信する光無線信号の受信を監視し (ステップ S T 4 4 ) 、 その 光無線信号を受信すると、 上りの光無線回線を通じて、 光無線信号を基 地局 6 に送信し、 光無線通信の実行を試行する (ステップ S T 4 5 ) 。
そして、 基地局 6が加入者局 9から送信される光無線信号の受信に成 功すると、 光無線回線の接続が完了したことになる。 When the subscriber station 9 drives and controls the optical wireless transmission / reception antenna 11, it monitors the reception of the optical wireless signal transmitted by the base station 6 (step ST 44). An optical wireless signal is transmitted to the base station 6 via the wireless line, and an attempt is made to execute optical wireless communication (step ST45). Then, when the base station 6 succeeds in receiving the optical wireless signal transmitted from the subscriber station 9, the connection of the optical wireless line is completed.
光無線回線の接続が完了すると (ステップ S T 4 6 ) 、 基地局 6 と加 入者局 9は、 電波無線回線と光無線回線の共用を開始する (ステップ S T 4 7 ) 。 When the connection of the optical wireless line is completed (step ST46), the base station 6 and the subscriber station 9 start sharing the optical wireless line and the optical wireless line (step ST47).
以上で明らかなように、 この実施の形態 6 によれば、 光無線回線の接 続対象の基地局 6が存在する方向を検出して、 光無線送受信用アンテナ 1 1 の方向を基地局 6が存在する方向に設定するように構成したので、 光無線回線の通信環境が高められ、 光無線信号を効率よく通信すること ができるとともに、 光無線回線の回線断を防止することができる効果が ある。 As is clear from the above, according to the sixth embodiment, the direction in which the base station 6 to be connected to the optical wireless line exists is detected, and the base station 6 determines the direction of the optical wireless transmitting / receiving antenna 11. Since the configuration is such that the direction is set to exist, the communication environment of the optical wireless line is enhanced, and it is possible to efficiently communicate the optical wireless signal and to prevent the disconnection of the optical wireless line. .
なお、 この実施の形態 6では、 加入者局 9が自 ら基地局 6が存在する 方向を検出するものについて示したが、 加入者局 9 に対する基地局 6の 存在方向を基地局 6が検出し、 加入者局 9は、 基地局 6から存在方向を 示す情報を受信するようにしてもよい。 産業上の利用可能性 Although the sixth embodiment has been described with reference to the case where the subscriber station 9 detects the direction in which the base station 6 exists, the base station 6 detects the direction in which the base station 6 exists relative to the subscriber station 9. Alternatively, the subscriber station 9 may receive information indicating the direction of existence from the base station 6. Industrial applicability
以上のように、 この発明に係る無線通信システムは、 時分割多重ァク セス方式, 符号分割多重アクセス · 時分割双方向方式または時分割 C D M A方式を用いて、 無線基地局と加入者局が無線通信する際、 回線状態 が優れている無線回線を選択的に使用して、 無線通信を実行するのに適 している。
As described above, the wireless communication system according to the present invention uses a time division multiplex access method, a code division multiple access method, a time division two-way method, or a time division CDMA method to establish a wireless base station and a subscriber station. It is suitable for performing wireless communication by selectively using a wireless line with excellent line conditions when communicating.
Claims
1 . 移動交換局を介して公衆網と有線あるいは無線接続されている基地 局と、 上記基地局と電波無線回線が接続されると、 その基地局とデイ ジ タル変調方式による無線通信を実行する加入者局とを備えた無線通信シ ステムにおいて、 上記基地局及び加入者局は電波無線回線の他に、 その 電波無線回線と時間軸上で共通なレイヤー構造を有する光無線回線を接 続して、 ディ ジタル変調方式による無線通信を実行することを特徴とす る無線通信システム。 1. When a base station is connected to the public network via a mobile switching center via a wired or wireless connection, and the base station is connected to a radio wave radio line, the base station performs radio communication using a digital modulation method. In a wireless communication system including a subscriber station, the base station and the subscriber station connect an optical wireless line having a common layer structure on the time axis to the wireless wireless line in addition to the wireless wireless line. Wireless communication using a digital modulation method.
2 . 基地局及び加入者局は、 電波無線回線と光無線回線間の同期をタイ ムスロッ ト単位, フレーム単位, マルチフレーム単位又はスーパーマル チフレーム単位で実施することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1項記載の無 線通信システム。 2. The base station and the subscriber station perform synchronization between the radio radio line and the optical radio line in units of time slot, frame, multiframe or super multiframe. 2. The wireless communication system according to claim 1.
3 . 基地局及び加入者局は、 電波無線回線及び光無線回線に構成される タイムスロッ ト列の中に T D Μ Α信号と時分割 C D Μ Α信号を任意に配 置することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1項記載の無線通信システム。 3. The base station and the subscriber station arbitrarily arrange the TD Μ Α signal and the time-division CD Μ Α signal in the time slot train constituted by the radio wave radio line and the optical radio line. 2. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein
4 . 基地局及び加入者局は、 電波無線回線の接続後に、 光無線回線を接 続することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1項記載の無線通信システム。 4. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the base station and the subscriber station connect an optical wireless line after connecting the radio wave wireless line.
5 . 基地局及び加入者局は、 無線通信を終了する場合、 光無線回線を切 断してから電波無線回線を切断することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1項 記載の無線通信システム。
5. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein, when terminating the wireless communication, the base station and the subscriber station disconnect the optical wireless line and then disconnect the radio wave wireless line.
6 . 基地局及び加入者局は、 無線通信の実行中、 光無線回線の回線断が 検出されると、 その光無線回線の再接続を試行することを特徴とする請 求の範囲第 1項記載の無線通信システム。 6. The scope of the request, wherein the base station and the subscriber station attempt to reconnect the optical wireless line when the disconnection of the optical wireless line is detected during the wireless communication. A wireless communication system according to claim 1.
7 . 基地局及び加入者局は、 電波無線回線における上り回線と下り回線 の切れ目位置と、 光無線回線における上り回線と下り回線の切れ目位置 とを設定する際、 フレーム内で異なる時間位置への設定を許可すること を特徴とする請求の範囲第 1項記載の無線通信システム。 7. When the base station and the subscriber station set the break position between the uplink and the downlink in the radio wave radio line and the break position between the uplink and the downlink in the optical radio line, the base station and the subscriber station must set different time positions in the frame. 2. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein setting is permitted.
8 . 基地局及び加入者局が接続する電波無線回線及び光無線回線は、 時 間軸上に共通なレイヤー構造を有するとともに、 相互に異なるスロッ ト 構造を有することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1項記載の無線通信システ ム。 8. The radio wave circuit and the optical radio line to which the base station and the subscriber station are connected have a common layer structure on a time axis and have mutually different slot structures. The wireless communication system according to item 1.
9 . 基地局及び加入者局は、 複数のタイムスロッ トを 1 つの複合タイム スロッ トとして使用することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 8項記載の無線 通信システム。 9. The wireless communication system according to claim 8, wherein the base station and the subscriber station use a plurality of time slots as one composite time slot.
1 0 . 基地局及び加入者局は、 時間軸上で連続する複数のタイムスロッ トを複合することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 9項記載の無線通信システ ム。 10. The wireless communication system according to claim 9, wherein the base station and the subscriber station combine a plurality of continuous time slots on a time axis.
1 1 . 加入者局は、 基地局が存在する方向を検出して、 光アンテナの方 向を上記基地局が存在する方向に設定することを特徴とする請求の範囲 第 1項記載の無線通信システム。
11. The wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the subscriber station detects the direction in which the base station exists, and sets the direction of the optical antenna to the direction in which the base station exists. system.
1 2. 加入者局は、 基地局が存在する方向を示す情報を当該基地局から 受信して、 光アンテナの方向を上記基地局が存在する方向に設定するこ とを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1項記載の無線通信システム。 1 2. The subscriber station receives, from the base station, information indicating the direction in which the base station exists, and sets the direction of the optical antenna to the direction in which the base station exists. 2. The wireless communication system according to claim 1.
1 3. 加入者局は、 自己の存在位置を計測して、 基地局が存在する方向 を検出することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1 1項記載の無線通信システ ム。 13. The wireless communication system according to claim 11, wherein the subscriber station measures its own location and detects the direction in which the base station exists.
1 4. 加入者局は、 複数の基地局から到来する電波の時間差を計測して 、 自己の存在位置を計測することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1 2項記載 の無線通信システム。 13. The wireless communication system according to claim 12, wherein the subscriber station measures a time difference between radio waves arriving from a plurality of base stations to measure its own location.
1 5. 加入者局は、 G P S受信機を用いて、 自己の存在位置を計測する ことを特徴とする請求の範囲第 1 2項記載の無線通信システム。
15. The wireless communication system according to claim 12, wherein the subscriber station measures its own location using a GPS receiver.
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PCT/JP1999/004681 WO2001017138A1 (en) | 1999-08-30 | 1999-08-30 | Wireless communication system |
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