WO2001003816A1 - Introducing a liquid into a stirred vessel - Google Patents
Introducing a liquid into a stirred vessel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001003816A1 WO2001003816A1 PCT/EP2000/006617 EP0006617W WO0103816A1 WO 2001003816 A1 WO2001003816 A1 WO 2001003816A1 EP 0006617 W EP0006617 W EP 0006617W WO 0103816 A1 WO0103816 A1 WO 0103816A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- stirred vessel
- introducing
- product
- injection
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEUUMBGHMNQHGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl chloroacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCl VEUUMBGHMNQHGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
- B01F35/7179—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using sprayers, nozzles or jets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/43—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using driven stirrers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/82—Combinations of dissimilar mixers
- B01F33/822—Combinations of dissimilar mixers with moving and non-moving stirring devices in the same receptacle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/712—Feed mechanisms for feeding fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to introducing a first liquid into a stirred vessel containing a second liquid.
- USA patent specification No. 3 847 375 describes a method for introducing a first liquid and a second liquid into a liquid-filled space.
- the first liquid is introduced as a high velocity jet through a first nozzle into an impulse exchange chamber that is arranged in the liquid-filled space, and the second liquid is introduced at a lower velocity through a second nozzle in the proximity of the first nozzle.
- the impulse exchange chamber has a diameter that is of the order of magnitude of the nozzle diameter, and consequently the volume into which the first and second liquids are introduced is relatively small.
- liquids are mixed in a stirred vessel, wherein an impeller is used to stir the mixture, is known. Stirring is done to homogenize the mixture.
- An example in which liquids need to be mixed is when they contain reactive species that form a product when brought in contact with each other. Often in commercial reactors not just the desired product is formed but also by-products. This may be because two reactants may undergo different chemical reactions with each other, resulting in the formation of more products than just the desired one. A similar situation exists when the reactor contains more reactants than the one which has to react with the injected reactant. When these other reactants undergo a reaction with the injected one, a by-product is formed.
- the two examples mentioned belong to the class of reaction systems that is called parallel competitive reactions. Another class is called consecutive competitive reactions; an example of this class is the reaction of the desired product with the injected reactant to an unwanted by-product.
- the method of introducing a first liquid in a stirred vessel containing a second liquid comprising injecting the first liquid into the stirred vessel, wherein the ratio of injection velocity over impeller tip speed is greater than 2.
- the injection velocity is at least 3 m/s.
- reaction equations are: NaOH + HCl - NaCl + H 2 0 (the acid-base neutralization), and NaOH + CH 2 C1C00C 2 H5 -> CH 2 ClCOONa + C 2 H 5 OH.
- the reactions were carried out in a 10 1 (litre) vessel, having an inner diameter of 0.24 m (metre) provided with an impeller having an outer diameter of 0.08 m.
- the nozzle diameter was varied between 0.5 and 3.0 mm (millimetre) .
- the vessel was filled with a second liquid in the form of an aqueous solution of HCl having a concentration of 0.05 mol/1.
- a first liquid in the form of a mixture of ethylchloroacetate and sodium hydroxide in water, each of these reactants having a concentration of 0.12 mol/1 in this first liquid.
- the injection was maintained at a volumetric flow rate of 0.5 1/minute for a period of one minute.
- the injection velocity was varied by varying the nozzle diameter.
- a sample taken from the vessel after the injection was completed was analysed with a gas chro atograph .
- the by-product yield is the ratio of the amount of ethanol (C 2 H5 ⁇ H) produced to the amount of sodium hydroxide added.
- the results of the experiments are summarized in the below Table.
- V t is the impeller tip speed in m/s (metre/second)
- V j _ is the injection velocity in m/s
- R is the ratio V ⁇ /V- ) -
- P ⁇ p is the total power consumed in W (Watt)
- P ⁇ is the power consumed by the injection through the nozzle (W)
- BPY is the by-product yield.
- the liquids consist of miscible liquids
- the method of the invention can as well be applied to multi-phase mixtures where the reactants have to be transported across phase boundaries.
- multi-phase mixtures are gas-in-liquid dispersions or liquid-in-liquid dispersions of immiscible liquids, with or without suspended solid particles.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Method of introducing a first liquid in a stirred vessel containing a second liquid comprising injecting the first liquid into the stirred vessel, wherein the ratio of injection velocity over impeller tip speed is greater than 2.
Description
INTRODUCING A LIQUID INTO A STIRRED VESSEL
The present invention relates to introducing a first liquid into a stirred vessel containing a second liquid.
USA patent specification No. 3 847 375 describes a method for introducing a first liquid and a second liquid into a liquid-filled space. In this method the first liquid is introduced as a high velocity jet through a first nozzle into an impulse exchange chamber that is arranged in the liquid-filled space, and the second liquid is introduced at a lower velocity through a second nozzle in the proximity of the first nozzle. In this way a homogeneous mixture, a dispersion or an emulsion of the second liquid in the first liquid is obtained. The impulse exchange chamber has a diameter that is of the order of magnitude of the nozzle diameter, and consequently the volume into which the first and second liquids are introduced is relatively small.
For a larger volume, liquids are mixed in a stirred vessel, wherein an impeller is used to stir the mixture, is known. Stirring is done to homogenize the mixture. An example in which liquids need to be mixed is when they contain reactive species that form a product when brought in contact with each other. Often in commercial reactors not just the desired product is formed but also by-products. This may be because two reactants may undergo different chemical reactions with each other, resulting in the formation of more products than just the desired one. A similar situation exists when the reactor contains more reactants than the one which has to react with the injected reactant. When these other reactants undergo a reaction with the injected one, a by-product is formed. The two examples mentioned belong to the class of
reaction systems that is called parallel competitive reactions. Another class is called consecutive competitive reactions; an example of this class is the reaction of the desired product with the injected reactant to an unwanted by-product.
With increasing impeller tip speed the homogenization time will decrease and thereby the amount of by-products formed. However, the amount of power consumed by the impeller increases, and under certain circumstances to such an extend that increasing the impeller tip speed becomes not practical from an energy point of view.
It is an object of the present invention to reduce homogenization time without significantly increasing the amount of power that is consumed. To this end the method of introducing a first liquid in a stirred vessel containing a second liquid comprising injecting the first liquid into the stirred vessel, wherein the ratio of injection velocity over impeller tip speed is greater than 2. Suitably, the injection velocity is at least 3 m/s.
Larger injection velocities are very suitable, for example at least 5 m/s or at least 10 m/s. An upper limit of the injection velocity is given by the maximum pressure a delivery pump can provide. The invention will now be explained by way of example in more detail with reference to the following example. An acid present in a product has to be neutralized with a base, which base itself can react with the product. Thus there are two parallel reactions that compete with each other, an acid-base neutralization, which is the main reaction and the alkaline hydrolysis of the product, which yields by-products and destroys the desired product. This system was experimentally investigated; the product was ethylchloroacetate (CH2CICOOC2H5) , the acid was hydrogen chloride (HC1) and
the base sodium hydroxide (NaOH) .
The reaction equations are: NaOH + HCl - NaCl + H20 (the acid-base neutralization), and NaOH + CH2C1C00C2H5 -> CH2ClCOONa + C2H5OH.
The reactions were carried out in a 10 1 (litre) vessel, having an inner diameter of 0.24 m (metre) provided with an impeller having an outer diameter of 0.08 m. The nozzle diameter was varied between 0.5 and 3.0 mm (millimetre) .
The vessel was filled with a second liquid in the form of an aqueous solution of HCl having a concentration of 0.05 mol/1. Through a nozzle was injected a first liquid in the form of a mixture of ethylchloroacetate and sodium hydroxide in water, each of these reactants having a concentration of 0.12 mol/1 in this first liquid. The injection was maintained at a volumetric flow rate of 0.5 1/minute for a period of one minute. The injection velocity was varied by varying the nozzle diameter. A sample taken from the vessel after the injection was completed was analysed with a gas chro atograph . The by-product yield is the ratio of the amount of ethanol (C2H5θH) produced to the amount of sodium hydroxide added. The results of the experiments are summarized in the below Table.
Table. Summary of the results of the experiments, wherein Vt is the impeller tip speed in m/s (metre/second) , Vj_ is the injection velocity in m/s, R is the ratio V^/V-)-, P^p is the total power consumed in W (Watt) , P^ is the power consumed by the injection through the nozzle (W) and BPY is the by-product yield.
The above results show clearly that a low by-product yield can be achieved by a very large tip speed, or by means of a moderate tip speed and injecting at a relatively large velocity. The latter method, however, consumes considerably less power.
In the example, the liquids consist of miscible liquids, however, the method of the invention can as well be applied to multi-phase mixtures where the reactants have to be transported across phase boundaries. Examples of such multi-phase mixtures are gas-in-liquid dispersions or liquid-in-liquid dispersions of immiscible liquids, with or without suspended solid particles.
Claims
1. Method of introducing a first liquid in a stirred vessel containing a second liquid comprising injecting the first liquid into the stirred vessel, wherein the ratio of injection velocity over impeller tip speed is greater than 2.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the injection velocity is at least 3 m/s.
3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the injection velocity is at least 5 m/s.
4. Method according to claim 2, wherein the injection velocity is at least 10 m/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU61586/00A AU6158600A (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2000-07-11 | Introducing a liquid into a stirred vessel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99305579 | 1999-07-14 | ||
| EP99305579.7 | 1999-07-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001003816A1 true WO2001003816A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
Family
ID=8241515
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2000/006617 WO2001003816A1 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2000-07-11 | Introducing a liquid into a stirred vessel |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU6158600A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001003816A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8931948B2 (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2015-01-13 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Process and apparatus for mixing a fluid within a vessel |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3847375A (en) * | 1972-10-12 | 1974-11-12 | Basf Ag | Method and apparatus for mixing liquids |
| EP0209095A2 (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1987-01-21 | Waagner-Biro Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for fumigation |
| JPH07204412A (en) * | 1994-01-17 | 1995-08-08 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Apparatus for automatic determination of chemical injection ratio and method for automatic determination |
| JPH10267710A (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-09 | Zexel Corp | Method of calculating injection quantity |
-
2000
- 2000-07-11 WO PCT/EP2000/006617 patent/WO2001003816A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-07-11 AU AU61586/00A patent/AU6158600A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3847375A (en) * | 1972-10-12 | 1974-11-12 | Basf Ag | Method and apparatus for mixing liquids |
| EP0209095A2 (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1987-01-21 | Waagner-Biro Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for fumigation |
| JPH07204412A (en) * | 1994-01-17 | 1995-08-08 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Apparatus for automatic determination of chemical injection ratio and method for automatic determination |
| JPH10267710A (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-09 | Zexel Corp | Method of calculating injection quantity |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Week 9540, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1995-307277, XP002120108 * |
| DATABASE WPI Week 9851, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1998-598194, XP002120109 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8931948B2 (en) | 2008-10-01 | 2015-01-13 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Process and apparatus for mixing a fluid within a vessel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6158600A (en) | 2001-01-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20030031621A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for the generation of chlorine dioxide using a replenished foam system | |
| EP1309530B1 (en) | Process for dehydrohalogenation of halogenated compounds | |
| US20020034459A1 (en) | PCB decomposition reactor | |
| US5068422A (en) | Carboxy ethers | |
| Carleysmith et al. | Deacylation of benzylpenicillin by immobilized penicillin acylase in a continuous four‐stage stirred‐tank reactor | |
| CN110404492B (en) | Quick continuous preparation facilities of gas hydrate | |
| Bhatkhande et al. | Ultrasound assisted PTC catalyzed saponification of vegetable oils using aqueous alkali | |
| CN102076403A (en) | Mixing apparatus for continuous production of monomer emulsion | |
| AU606239B2 (en) | A process for the production of solid or paste-form products | |
| WO2001003816A1 (en) | Introducing a liquid into a stirred vessel | |
| Nouri et al. | Enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat proteins Part 2: comparison of performance of batch-stirred and torus reactors | |
| CN103951795A (en) | Method and device for preparing polycarboxylate water reducer | |
| IE51446B1 (en) | Manufacture of alkane sulphonyl chlorides | |
| CN113045451B (en) | Method for preparing methoxylamine hydrochloride by adopting microreactor | |
| Wilhelm et al. | Ultrasound to enhance a liquid–liquid reaction | |
| CN114716358A (en) | Method for continuously synthesizing peroxyacetic acid by using microreactor | |
| WO2017046118A1 (en) | Method for preparation of n-butyl nitrite | |
| US4996035A (en) | Preparation of nitrosyl fluoride | |
| Cherlo et al. | Phase transfer catalysis of alkaline hydrolysis of n-butyl acetate: Comparison of performance of batch and micro-reactors | |
| CN213505982U (en) | Intelligent strengthening system for preparing hydrogen peroxide based on isopropanol method | |
| CA1201873A (en) | Process for contacting liquids with gases | |
| JPH10235175A (en) | Shear mixing device and its use | |
| WO2019035145A1 (en) | An improved continuous flow stirred multiphase reactor | |
| CN219232312U (en) | Azide reaction system | |
| GB2029821A (en) | Process for the preparation of glycerol dichlorohydrins |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
| REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |