Plug connection between a hydraulic line and a connection member.
The present invention relates to a plug connection according to the preamble of claim 1, which connection of a line to a connection member is generally known.
The known connections of the above type have a number of drawbacks. A first drawback is that the locking members used therein are of complex design and are therefore expensive. Another drawback is that the load-bearing capacity of the said locking members has proven to be limited, so that these known connections cannot be used for high hydraulic pressures . Yet another drawback is that in the known connections the sealing ring which seals the gap between the plug-in fitting and the body of the connection member is arranged at an unfavourable location, in particular with regard to assembly and with regard to the risk of the ring being damaged when the plug-in fitting is inserted.
The present invention aims to provide measures to eliminate the above drawbacks.
According to a first object of the invention a connection is provided having a high load-bearing capacity. To achieve this object the present invention provides a connection according to the preamble of claim 1 which is characterized in that the locking member is made from spring-steel wire which is substantially square in cross section. It has been found that, compared to a conventional wire which is round in cross section, a wire which is substantially square in cross section results in a much higher axial load-bearing capacity of the inserted plug- in fitting, which load is exerted, for example, during a load test. For this reason, the connection of claim 1 is therefore suitable for much higher hydraulic pressures. A significant difference from a round wire is that the square wire bears flat against the bearing surface of the retaining member, which is usually of planar design, so that in the event of a high axial load being exerted on the plug-in fitting, the bearing part of the wire does not undergo plastic deformation, as is the case with a round wire. Furthermore, the square wire has a greater
axial bending stiff ess . The square cross section of the wire leads to low bending stresses in the locking member, which is advantageous for the fatigue strength of the locking member.
According to a second object of the invention a connection is provided wherein sealing ring damage is prevented. The invention achieves this object by providing a connection according to the preamble of claim 2 which is characterized in that the socket in the connection member has an inwardly projecting shoulder, and in that a sealing ring into which the plug-in fitting fits in a sealed manner bears against that side of the said shoulder which is remote from the insertion side of the plug-in fitting. This arrangement protects the sealing ring from damage from the plug-in fitting when the said fitting is inserted into the connection member. Preferably, the sealing ring is retained between the shoulder and a bush which has been fitted into the connection member.
In a further advantageous design, the connection member is provided with a filter gauze which covers the bush on the side remote from the shoulder and is clamped between the bush and a deformed annular area of the body of the connection member.
According to a third object of the invention a connection is provided having an improved locking member. This object is achieved by the connection of claim 5.
According to a fourth object of the invention a connection is provided having a practical design which facilitates the production. This object is achieved by a connection according to claim 6. It will be apparent that the different measures of the present invention can used in several combinations within a single connection according to the present invention.
Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the claims and in the following description, in which the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a plug-in fitting of a hydraulic line and a connection member which is to
be screwed into a hydraulic component, which plug-in fitting and connection member form a first exemplary embodiment of the plug connection according to the invention,
Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the locking member of the plug connection shown in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the connection member from Fig. l,
Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the body of the connection member from Fig. 1, Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through a second exemplary embodiment of the connection member of the plug connection according to the invention, and
Fig. 6 shows a fitting part of the plug connection according to the invention, partially in cross section.
Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the most important components of an assembly for producing a plug connection between a hydraulic line and a connection member, namely a plug- in fitting 1 which is to be mounted on the line and a connection member 2. The connection member 2 is in this case designed as a component which can be screwed into a hydraulic component. The term hydraulic component covers all hydraulic components, such as a valve, valve block, pump, actuator, etc. In particular, it is intended for the plug connection described here to be used for hydraulic tilting devices of tiltable vehicle cabs or for hydraulic actuating devices for other vehicle components, such as a folding roof, tailboard, sliding roof, etc. The advantage of the plug connection described is that the line is fitted to the connection member by fitting the plug-in fitting into the connection member, the locking then being effected automatically. The connection can only be released by unscrewing the retaining member, which will be described below.
The plug-in fitting 1 has an internal passage 10. At one end, the plug-in fitting 1 is designed to be secured to the line (not shown) , for example a hydraulic hose, which in this case is produced in the form of a hose column. At that end which is to be inserted into the connection member 2, the plug-in fitting 1 is provided with a first part 11 of a first diameter, which
first part 11 comprises a bevel 12 in the vicinity of the point of the plug-in fitting 1. The said first part 11 is adjoined by a conical second part 13 of a larger diameter than the first part 11. A circumferential groove 14, which serves to accommodate the locking member (to be described in more detail below) is formed behind the second part 13. At a distance behind the said groove 14 there is a second circumferential groove 15, which serves to accommodate a sealing ring (not shown) for providing a dust seal . The connection member 2 has a body 20 which is shown in detail in Figures 3 and 4, with a screw-in part 21, which is provided with an external screwthread and by means of which the body 20 can be screwed into the hydraulic component (not shown) . A ring 22 provides the seal. The body 20 also has a screw-on part 23 which is provided with an external screwthread and onto which a retaining member 24, yet to be described, is screwed. Between the parts 21 and 23, the outside of the body 20 is designed with spanner surfaces 25, for example with a hexagonal part, so that the body 20 can be fixed in the hydraulic component by means of a spanner.
A socket or bore 26 extends through the body 20. The said socket 26 comprises an inwardly projecting shoulder 27, and in the socket 26 there is a sealing ring 28, in this case a Quad ring, which is intended to provide a seal against the first part 11 of the plug-in fitting 1. The sealing ring 28 bears against the shoulder 27 on that side of the said shoulder 27 which is remote from the insertion side of the plug-in fitting 1. In this case, the sealing ring 28 is retained between the shoulder 27 and a bush 29 which has been fitted into the socket 26 of the connection member 2.
It can also be seen in Figure 1 that the connection member 2 is provided with a filter gauze 30, which covers the bush 29 on the side remote from the shoulder 27 and is clamped between the bush 29 and a deformed annular area of the body 20 of the connection member 2.
The retaining member 24 is in this case a union nut which is hexagonal on the outside and is provided with a hole 31. When
the nut 24 is screwed onto the body 20, the hole 31 lies in line with the socket 26.
The end face of the screw-on part 23 forms a support surface 32 for the locking member 40, which is yet to be described. The locking member 40 is enclosed between the said support surface 32 and the nut 24, preferably with play, so that the locking member 24 can move too and fro in the lateral direction. The locking member 40 is arranged and designed in such a manner that when the plug-in fitting 1 is inserted into the hole 31 and then into the socket 26, the locking member 40 latches into the groove 14 and thus prevents the plug-in fitting 1 from being pulled back out of the connection member 2. The connection can only be released by unscrewing the nut 24.
Figure 2 shows the locking member 40 in detail and on an enlarged scale.
The locking member 40 has a substantially U-shaped body which is formed from spring-steel wire which is square in cross section. The member 40 has a centre web 41 which is in the shape of an arc of a circle and each of whose ends is adjoined by a limb 42, 43, which limbs 42, 43, from the centre web 41, each have a first straight section 44, 45, the said first straight parts being substantially parallel to one another, and then a second straight section 46, 47 which is bent at an angle, which second straight sections run towards one another away from the centre web 41 as seen therefrom. The distance between the first straight sections 44, 45 is slightly greater than the diameter of the base of the groove 14. The presence of the parts 46, 47 which run towards one another at an angle and the fact that the locking member 40 can move sideways ensure that when the plug-in fitting 1 is inserted, the locking member 40 adopts its correct position with respect to the fitting 1. When the fitting 1 is inserted, the limbs 42, 43 then initially move apart in an elastically resilient manner and then click into the groove 14. It has been found that the square cross section of the limbs of the locking member 40 results in a very high load- bearing capacity of the plug coupling and allows the plug coupling to be used safely at hydraulic pressures of several hundred bar.
When the fitting 1 is being inserted, centring takes place in such a manner that the fitting 1 cannot damage the ring 28, so that the risk of leakage caused by damage during assembly is very low. The plug-in fitting is in this case made from tubular material of a metal grade which is also used for hydraulic lines . The grooves 14 and 15 and the other shapes are formed by turning operations. Tube of this nature is easy to bend, so that the design of the plug-in fitting 60 shown in Figure 6 can be achieved without problems by bending the premachined tube.
Figure 5 shows a variant of the connection member 2 shown in Figure 1. The connection member 50 has a body 51 with a screw-in part 52 and associated O-ring 53. The body 51 furthermore has a screw-on part 54, onto which a nut 55 is screwed.
A socket or bore 56 extends through the body 51. This socket 56 comprises an inwardly projecting shoulder 57, and a sealing ring 58 is accommodated in the socket 56. The sealing ring 58 bears against the shoulder 57 on the insertion side of the plug-in fitting (not shown) and is enclosed by means of a bush 58 which is placed releasably inside the body 51.
The locking member 40 lies between the free end face of the bush 58 and the union nut 55. The shape of the socket 59 in the bush 58 is matched to the part 13 of the plug-in fitting 1, so that the said fitting fits accurately into the said socket. Therefore, by exchanging the bush 58, the connection member 50 can easily be adapted to the particular plug-in fitting.
When assembling the connection member 2 or 50, it is advantageous for the locking member 40 to be placed in the union nut 24, 55 and then for the union nut 24, 55 and the body 20, 51 to be connected to one another. Incidentally, this releasable connection could also be formed by other means than a screwthread, for example by means of a bayonet catch.
It will be clear that instead of the plug connection according to the invention, it is also possible to produce a design in which the body of the connection member is the body of the hydraulic component to which the line is to be connected, for example the housing of the valve or the pump.