WO2000072000A1 - Transducteur permettant de proceder a la mesure acoustique d'un ecoulement gazeux et caracteristiques associees - Google Patents

Transducteur permettant de proceder a la mesure acoustique d'un ecoulement gazeux et caracteristiques associees Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000072000A1
WO2000072000A1 PCT/US2000/014213 US0014213W WO0072000A1 WO 2000072000 A1 WO2000072000 A1 WO 2000072000A1 US 0014213 W US0014213 W US 0014213W WO 0072000 A1 WO0072000 A1 WO 0072000A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transducer
actuator
gas flow
recited
acoustic impedance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/014213
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joseph Baumoel
Robert Schaefer
Original Assignee
Joseph Baumoel
Robert Schaefer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Joseph Baumoel, Robert Schaefer filed Critical Joseph Baumoel
Priority to AU50415/00A priority Critical patent/AU5041500A/en
Priority to DE10084627T priority patent/DE10084627B4/de
Priority to GB0128030A priority patent/GB2364122B/en
Publication of WO2000072000A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000072000A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/222—Constructional or flow details for analysing fluids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G01N29/2462—Probes with waveguides, e.g. SAW devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/28—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details providing acoustic coupling, e.g. water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/021—Gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/02818—Density, viscosity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/02836—Flow rate, liquid level
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/045—External reflections, e.g. on reflectors

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to flow measurements and, more particularly, to sonic flow measurement devices for measuring gas flow characteristics.
  • Ultrasonic transducers typically employ a solid element for injecting ultrasonic energy into a fluid stream. In many instances, going from the solid to a fluid presents a sonic impedance mismatch and causes a large percentage of sonic energy to be reflected. For liquids, this mismatch is sufficiently small to permit ultrasonic measurements of the flow even when passing sonic energy through the metal wall of a pipe. For gas flow measurements, the impedance mismatch is high and is not easily overcome.
  • gas flow parameters are characteristically difficult to measure with sonic energy due to the low sonic impedance of the gas.
  • Housings and pipe walls can also resonate or ring when sonic energy is input into the gas stream from an energetic transducer physically attached to the pipe wall. This resonance makes it difficult to identify and measure the sonic signal introduced into the gas stream.
  • a transducer for sonic measurements of gas flow in accordance with the present invention, includes a housing having a first end portion, a membrane rigidly attached to the housing for sealing off the first end portion from a gas flow, and an actuator disposed in the first end portion for interacting with the membrane.
  • An acoustically conductive material is disposed between the membrane and the actuator.
  • the acoustically conductive material includes an acoustic impedance between an acoustic impedance of the actuator and an acoustic impedance of the gas flow.
  • the transducer preferably includes a second end portion of the housing, and a damper disposed between the first portion of the housing and the second portion of the housing for damping acoustic energy through the actuator.
  • the damper may include a damping material having a discontinuous outer surface.
  • the discontinuous outer surface may include fins and grooves.
  • the damper may include a plurality of washers including alternating damping and transmitting washers.
  • the actuator may include a stack of piezoelectric slices.
  • the transducer may include a reflector coupled to the first end portion of the housing for altering a direction of acoustic energy directed to or from the transducer.
  • the acoustic impedance of the conductive material may include a geometric mean of the acoustic impedance between the acoustic impedance of the actuator and the acoustic impedance of the gas flow.
  • the membrane may include a metal which is displaced by the actuator to produce acoustic waves or is displaced by the gas flow to transmit acoustic energy to the actuator.
  • the acoustically conductive material may include a thickness of a quarter wavelength of a wavelength generated by the actuator.
  • a transducer for sonic measurements of gas flow includes a transducer body defining a tube having a first end portion, and a damper portion disposed adjacent to the first end portion, the first end portion for interfacing with a gas flow.
  • a membrane is rigidly attached to the housing for sealing off the first end portion from the gas flow, and an actuator is disposed in the first end portion for interacting with the membrane.
  • An acoustically conductive material is disposed between the membrane and the actuator.
  • the acoustically conductive material includes an acoustic impedance between an acoustic impedance of the actuator and an acoustic impedance of the gas flow.
  • a damper assembly is disposed in the damper portion of the transducer body.
  • the damper assembly includes a plurality of damping washers disposed between acoustically transmitting washers. The damper assembly damps acoustic energy through the transducer.
  • the damper portion may include a wall thickness that is less than a wall thickness at the first end portion.
  • the transducer body may include steel and the wall thickness of the damper portion is preferably between about 15 to about 25 mils.
  • the actuator may include a stack of piezoelectric slices.
  • the transducer may include a reflector coupled to the first end portion of the housing for altering a direction of acoustic energy directed to or from the transducer.
  • the acoustic impedance of the conductive material may include a geometric mean of the acoustic impedance between the acoustic impedance of the actuator and the acoustic impedance of the gas flow.
  • the membrane may include a metal which is displaced by the actuator to produce acoustic waves or is displaced by the gas flow to transmit acoustic energy to the actuator.
  • the acoustically conductive material may include a thickness of a quarter wavelength of a wavelength generated by the actuator.
  • the damping washers may include a thickness of a quarter wavelength of a wavelength generated by the actuator.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for acoustically measuring flow in gases in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the apparatus for acoustically measuring flow in gases in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of a sonic reflector attached to the apparatus of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of the reflector attached to the apparatus of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a rear view of the reflector attached to the apparatus of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 mounted in a pipe in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of two apparatuses of FIG. 1 chordally mounted in a pipe with reflectors in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the apparatus for acoustically measuring flow in gases in accordance with the present invention. Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments
  • the present invention relates to flow measurements and, more particularly, to sonic flow measurement devices for measuring flow characteristics in a gas flow.
  • the present invention provides an acoustically matched interface between the gas flow to be measured and the measuring apparatus.
  • This interface preferably includes an acoustically conductive gel.
  • the acoustically conductive gel is preferably a substantially incompressible material which transitions sonic energy between the apparatus and the gas flow to reduce impedance mismatch and thereby increase sonic energy transmission.
  • the apparatus in accordance with the present invention also provides a damper internal to the apparatus for reducing sonic energy coupling from an active ultrasound producing device to the structure in contact with the pipe wall. The damper prevents sonic energy from being transferred to a housing of the apparatus. Further, an isolation portion of the apparatus is provided which permits attachment of the apparatus to a pipe or housing without transmitting or picking up resonance or other vibrational effects to or from the housing or pipe wall.
  • Apparatus 10 includes a stack or active element 6 which provides acoustic waves, preferably ultrasound waves for sonically measuring gas flow characteristics in a pipe or other medium. Apparatus 10 may be used as both a transmitter and a receiver for sonic energy. Apparatus 10 includes a housing 18 which is preferably a metal, such as steel, stainless steel, titanium, etc. Housing 18 is configured and dimensioned to provide protection for the internal components of apparatus 10.
  • Active element 6 preferably includes a piezoelectric stack or a magneto-restrictive stack.
  • stack 6 includes a plurality of thinly sliced lead metaniobate piezoelectric crystal layers 4, each layer 4 is poled opposite the adjacent layers to synchronously expand and contract the stack. Electrical connection to contacts between layers is made about the periphery of stack 6 such that a potential difference is created across each wafer or layer 4 when voltage is applied. Electrical connections 13 are epoxied in place before stack 6 is bonded within housing 18. Stack 6 expands and contracts in unison to achieve an amplitude of excursion.
  • This amplitude of excursion is applied via a 1/4 wavelength impedance matched interface to a thin metal membrane 12 which is rigidly attached to housing 18, by, for example, electron beam welding.
  • Membrane 12 causes compression waves to propagate in a gas flow, or if in receive mode, membrane 12 transmits sonic energy to stack 6 which converts the sonic energy to an electrical signal.
  • an acoustically conductive material 8 is disposed between membrane 12 and stack 6.
  • Material 8 is preferably a substantially incompressible material which provides an acoustic impedance as close as possible to the geometric mean ( Z -Z2) between the acoustic impedance of stack (Zl) and a gas flow (Z2) to be measured.
  • Materials such a ULTEMTM, TORLONTM or TEFLONTM may be employed.
  • Acoustic impedance is known by those skilled in the art, to be proportional to the density of a material and the acoustic velocity of the material. In this way, an acoustic gel may be selected based on the application and the physical properties of the apparatus and the gas to be measured.
  • membrane 12 Since membrane 12 is thin, it is "acoustically invisible" and its effect is negligible on the impedance calculation.
  • Material 8 is also selected based on its temperature and pressure capabilities. Some applications of the present invention may include temperatures greater than 550 F and pressures greater than about 6000 psi. Other temperatures and pressures may be used as well. Material 8 is preferably 1/4 the wavelength of the frequency of transmission of the acoustic wave. Material 8 may be approximately 0.1 inches in thickness. Material 8 may also be made from TEFLONTM and may include a thickness of about 0.12 inches. Housing 18 may be made from steel or titanium, for example, with a damper 20 made from TEFLONTM and integrally formed therewith.
  • Stack 6 is deployed in housing 18.
  • a spacer 15 may be employed to assure proper spacing of stack 6 within housing 18 and to support material 18 from membrane 12.
  • Spacer 15 is may be about 1/4 wavelength in thickness of the wavelength of the acoustic waves generated by stack 6.
  • Spacer 15 may be made from a plastic, such as TEFLON, and the membrane 12 may include a metal, such as steel or titanium with a thickness of between about 5 to 10 mils.
  • Spacer 15 may also be included to support and position stack 6 and material 8 and to provide space along the sides of stack 6 for electrical connections 13 and epoxy to flow during bonding as will be explained.
  • a damper 20 is provided between stack 6 and housing 18. Damper 20 is fit into housing 18 by a shrink fit or by applying an adhesive or epoxy therebetween.
  • Damper 20 sonically damps any energy that enters housing 18 from either membrane 12 or internal paths. This energy is advantageously damped such that the retained energy does not interfere with low amplitude signals that result due to high attenuation of sonic signals as they pass through the gas flow.
  • Stack 6 is supported by a pressure backing plate 22 to provide support for stack 6 and provide a compression disk to permit passage of electrical connections 13 to stack 6.
  • a metal closure 28 for example, steel, is fitted with a nut 24 and a sonic isolation washer 26. Nut 24 will accept a center tube 32 which will be described below.
  • Closure 2.8 is threaded into housing 18 and the threads sealed with epoxy.
  • Closure 28 includes internal threads for attaching a sonic isolator 30 therein.
  • Nut 24, washer 26 and closure 28 may include anti-rotation mechanisms, such as pins, flats, etc.
  • Cavity 17 is now filled with epoxy to provide backing for stack 6 against high pressure gas flows .
  • sonic isolator 30 isolates sonic energy from a mounting portion 2 of apparatus 10 and a transducer portion 3 of apparatus 10.
  • Center tube 32 is threaded into closure 28 and includes a hole therethrough to permit electrical connections to stack 6 to pass therethrough.
  • center tube 32 which is preferably a metal, connects mounting portion 2 to transducer portion 3 and is sonically isolated by being surrounded by damping materials (e.g., TEFLON) to prevent sonic energy from being introduced into center tube 32 and from being transmitted by center tube 32.
  • damping materials e.g., TEFLON
  • Isolator 30 preferably includes a discontinuous surface including fins or grooves to further prevent sonic energy passage. Washers 26 and isolator 30 prevent the passage of sonic energy from transducer portion 3 to mounting portion 2. Such sonic energy, if present, would interfere with measuring signals which are received from the gas flow during operation.
  • transducer portion 3 and mounting portion 2 may be adhesively joined and sealed at surfaces 19 by using an epoxy of other bonding agent. This pressure seals these interfaces to prevent gas ingress.
  • Mounting portion 2 includes a pipe mount 42 which is a housing used to protect portions of a connector 44, electronic tuning components 40 and electrical connections 13.
  • a cavity 41 may optionally be filled with an epoxy or other material.
  • center tube 32 is preferably filled with an epoxy or other material to prevent gas ingress and to fill any voids. Center tube 32 may include flared ends for coupling to housing 18 and pipe mount 42 through a sonically isolated material. Other attachment devices may also be employed.
  • Pipe mount 42 is preferably a metal such as steel, stainless steel, titanium, etc.
  • Pipe mount 42 may include various mounting adaptations for mounting apparatus into a gas flow stream through a pipe wall for example. Such adaptations may include a connector plate, an extender tube, a compression mount or seal, flange mount or hot tap valve fitting or other mechanism for adapting the mounting portion 2 for a particular application into a pipe wall or other mounting wall or surface.
  • compression mounts or seals are able to be practiced due to isolator 30 of the present invention.
  • Stack 6 may be energized by applying a voltage across layers 4.
  • a multi-pulse transmission may be employed in which a plurality of pulses are introduced and received.
  • the techniques employed in U.S. Patent No. 5,117,698 may be employed. For example, initially, a short pulse train is transmitted and the total transit time between transmit and receive (t N ) is measured. The transit time in fluid is taken to be t N , less the known length of time the acoustic signals remain in the transducers and the pipe walls t F .
  • this method transmits a pulse train of substantial length (N) and detects a received pulse train (Rx) whose central portion (following initial transient effects) has the same frequency as the transmitted pulse train. Then, it is only necessary to detect the portion of che received signal which is phase coherent with the transmit signal, and measure the phase difference between the transmitted and received signals, to determine the upstream-downstream time difference (delta t) , and thereby the flow rate.
  • the time difference delta t is calculated as a function of such phase difference, according to a formula.
  • the length N of the pulse train is selected to be the maximum delta t that is permitted without causing overflow of a delta t register of the particular embodiment.
  • an initial setup routine tests a range of ultrasonic frequencies and determines an optimum frequency before flow rate measurements are made.
  • the received pulses are stored and analyzed to determine gas flow characteristics, for example, the velocity of flow, the flow rate, the gas sonic velocity, the gas density and additional measurement parameters, such as pressure and temperature, etc.
  • the value of the pulses may be sampled over time and averaged to converge at a characteristic value of the flow. This provides a stable and accurate result since a determination of transmitted and received pulses can be made based on the characteristics of the stored pulses.
  • Signal processing techniques may be employed to decipher the correct signals to be used to measure flow characteristics of the gas flow. The correct signals, and not the vibrations and noise which may be present, are than used to determine the gas flow characteristics .
  • the present invention can achieve signal to noise ratios of greater than 1000 to 1. This is achievable with voltages to stack 6 of only about 15 volts peak, for example, however other voltages may be used, for example, up to about 300 volts. Low voltage operation is preferred for safety concerns.
  • apparatus 10 is employed in pipes or furnaces for measuring characteristics of gas flows in, for example, flare gases, natural gases and steam.
  • An apparatus 100 includes all the components of apparatus 10 except stack 6 is directed substantially orthogonally to a longitudinal axis of apparatus 100.
  • a back plate 102 is employed to secure stack 6 after installation. Back plate 102 is then welded onto a housing 104 to provide support for stack 6.
  • a reflector 200 may be employed on apparatus 10 (or apparatuses 100 and 150) to redirect transmitted acoustic waves or directionally receive acoustic waves.
  • Reflector 200 provides for chordal or angulated sonic beam injection with a normally (normal mounting direction relative to a pipe wall) mounted transducer.
  • Reflector 200 includes a plate 202 for reflecting the acoustic energy.
  • Plate 202 is preferably a rigid material such as a metal, for efficiently directing a sonic wave.
  • a window 204 is provided to permit directional propagation of the sonic wave.
  • Reflector 200 may be detachable or permanently affixed to transducing portion 3 of apparatus 10.
  • Reflector 200 may be configured to permit an angle adjustment or may be available with different angles for plate 202 relative to the direction of the stack 6.
  • Holes 206 are also included to minimize hindrance to gas flow during operation.
  • apparatus 10 may be fitted with reflector 200 in a pipe 300 having a gas flow therethrough.
  • Reflector 200 directs a transmitted signal to a second apparatus 10 which may include a reflector 200 to assist in receiving the signal.
  • Chordal mounting is preferred for pipes which are access limited. Since the Reynolds number is fairly constant across a gas flow, ultrasound flow measurements may be made anywhere across the flow.
  • Other mounting schemes are contemplated as known in the art. For example, hot tap mountings may be employed where the transducer is mounted in a separate pipe and the transducer is flush or recessed from the inside diameter of the pipe with the gas flow to be measured.
  • a transducer assembly 150 includes a transducer body 103, which preferably includes a metal tube, for example, stainless steel, steel or titanium.
  • a front portion 104 is configured and dimensioned to receive stack 6 therein, and is similar to the front end portion as described for the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • Stack 6 is set in a filler material 108, for example, an epoxy, which preferably is free from voids.
  • Front portion 104 includes a shoulder 106 which provides a surface to counteract pressure applied by a fluid on stack 6 when filler material 108 is cured.
  • Transducer body 103 includes a damper portion 110.
  • a thickness of damper portion 110 of transducer body 103 is reduced to preferably between about 5 mils to about 30 mils, and more preferably between about 15 mils to 25 mils. This reduction in thickness (from the thickness of end portion 104) provides less acoustic energy transfer from front portion 104 (which is in contact with or at least partially inserted in the fluid to be measured) to a back portion 112. In addition, thin walls of damper portion 110 provide transfer of acoustic energy to washers 114 of damper assembly 115.
  • Damper assembly 115 includes a plurality of acoustic energy transmitting washers 114 and a plurality of damping washers 116.
  • Washers 114 preferably include a metal, such as stainless steel, steel or titanium, while damping washers 116 preferably include a damping material, such as a plastic, such as PTFE (e.g., TEFLON).
  • PTFE e.g., TEFLON
  • Washers 114 and 116 alternate in damper assembly 115 (labeled as S and T) .
  • Washers 114 and 116 are bonded to transducer body 103 by employing a bonding agent or adhesive. Washers 114 and 116 permit stack wiring (not shown) to pass through their center regions.
  • washers 114 draw acoustic energy from transducer body 103 in damper portion 110.
  • the energy transmitted to washers 114 is damped out by washers 116.
  • Damper assembly 115 therefore damps most if not all of the acoustical energy from stack or from a pipe or other mounting which is in contact with transducer 150.
  • washers 116 include a thickness of 1/4 wavelength of the measured acoustic wavelength (e.g., the wavelength transducer 150 is designed to measure or designed to transmit) . In this way, destructive interference reduces transmitted acoustic energy between front portion 104 and back portion 112. Washers 114 and 116 also provide support of transducer body 103 in damper portion 110, which is relatively thin.
  • a filler material 120 fills the center portions of washers 114 and 116 and fills a portion of back portion 112.
  • Filler material 120 may include a silicon rubber, for example.
  • a circuit board 122 for example a printed wiring board, and a circuit component 124, for example an inductor circuit or component may be included. Board 122 and component 124 may be employed to condition, power, amplify or otherwise act upon the signals coming from stack 6 or to supply power to stack 6.
  • Terminal pins 126 are provided to permit connects to stack 6, circuit board 122 and/or component 124.
  • coaxial cable 128 is employed although other cables or cabling methods may be employed.
  • transducers may be configured and dimensioned to standard O-ring sizes, or threaded to permit engagement with pipes or other gas or fluid carrying media.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un transducteur (10) permettant de procéder à la mesure acoustique d'un écoulement gazeux. Ledit transducteur (10) comprend un corps (18) de transducteur formant un tube, lequel tube est pourvu d'une première extrémité (3) qui comprend une partie amortisseur permettant d'entrer en contact avec l'écoulement gazeux lors de la mesure. Le transducteur comprend également une membrane (12) solidement fixée au corps du transducteur afin d'étancher le corps du transducteur contre l'écoulement gazeux. Un dispositif (6) de commande, fabriqué à partir d'un empilement de tranches (4) piézo-électriques, est monté dans le corps (18) du transducteur de manière à interagir avec la membrane (12). Un matériau (8) d'adaptation d'impédance acoustique présentant une impédance acoustique entre l'impédance acoustique du dispositif (6) de commande et celle de l'écoulement gazeux est placé entre la membrane (12) et le dispositif (6) de commande. Le transducteur (10) comprend également un ensemble (20) amortisseur placé dans la partie amortisseur du corps du transducteur, et une multitude de rondelles (30) absorbantes disposées entre les rondelles (26) de transmission acoustique permettant d'amortir l'énergie acoustique à travers le transducteur. Dans un autre mode de réalisation du transducteur, un réflecteur est couplé à la première extrémité afin de modifier le sens de l'énergie acoustique destinée au transducteur (10) ou produite par ce dernier.
PCT/US2000/014213 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Transducteur permettant de proceder a la mesure acoustique d'un ecoulement gazeux et caracteristiques associees WO2000072000A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU50415/00A AU5041500A (en) 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Transducer for sonic measurement of gas flow and related characteristics
DE10084627T DE10084627B4 (de) 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Messwertaufnehmer zur akustischen Messung eines Gasstromes und deren Charakteristika
GB0128030A GB2364122B (en) 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Transducer for sonic measurement of gas flow and related characteristics

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13564499P 1999-05-24 1999-05-24
US60/135,644 1999-05-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000072000A1 true WO2000072000A1 (fr) 2000-11-30

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PCT/US2000/014213 WO2000072000A1 (fr) 1999-05-24 2000-05-24 Transducteur permettant de proceder a la mesure acoustique d'un ecoulement gazeux et caracteristiques associees

Country Status (5)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1188699C (fr)
AU (1) AU5041500A (fr)
DE (1) DE10084627B4 (fr)
GB (1) GB2364122B (fr)
WO (1) WO2000072000A1 (fr)

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US6995500B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2006-02-07 Pathfinder Energy Services, Inc. Composite backing layer for a downhole acoustic sensor
US7036363B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2006-05-02 Pathfinder Energy Services, Inc. Acoustic sensor for downhole measurement tool
US7075215B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2006-07-11 Pathfinder Energy Services, Inc. Matching layer assembly for a downhole acoustic sensor
US8117907B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2012-02-21 Pathfinder Energy Services, Inc. Caliper logging using circumferentially spaced and/or angled transducer elements
WO2013037616A1 (fr) * 2011-09-13 2013-03-21 Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag Convertisseur d'ultrasons d'un débitmètre à ultrasons
US8547000B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2013-10-01 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Ultrasonic, flow measuring device
EP2762842A1 (fr) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-06 Krohne AG Transducteur d'ultrasons pour un debitmetre a ultrasons
EP2835620A1 (fr) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-11 General Electric Company Systèmes de transducteurs
EP3699556A1 (fr) * 2019-02-22 2020-08-26 OneSubsea IP UK Limited Débitmètre comportant des boîtiers de transducteur nervurés

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US20040095847A1 (en) * 2002-11-18 2004-05-20 Baker Hughes Incorporated Acoustic devices to measure ultrasound velocity in drilling mud
DE102008033098C5 (de) * 2008-07-15 2016-02-18 Krohne Ag Ultraschallwandler
DE102009039633A1 (de) * 2009-09-01 2011-03-03 Truttenbach Asset Management Gbr (Vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter: Andreas Truttenbach, 77866 Rheinau) Ultraschall-Durchflussmesser
US8181534B2 (en) 2010-01-06 2012-05-22 Daniel Measurement And Control, Inc. Ultrasonic flow meter with transducer assembly, and method of manufacturing the same while maintaining the radial position of the piezoelectric element
GB2492508B (en) * 2010-03-23 2014-06-04 Baker Hughes Inc Apparatus and method for generating broad bandwidth acoustic energy
US7954387B1 (en) * 2010-08-18 2011-06-07 General Electric Company Ultrasonic transducer device
CN102879044A (zh) * 2011-07-15 2013-01-16 上海一诺仪表有限公司 超声波换能器壳体结构
CN104597131B (zh) * 2014-12-15 2017-11-10 武汉新创光科科技有限公司 一种城市餐饮油烟监测探头
US10161919B2 (en) * 2016-10-25 2018-12-25 Fisher Controls International Llc Acoustic emission sensors with integral acoustic generators
DE102016105338B4 (de) * 2016-03-22 2022-01-05 Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag Ultraschallwandler zur Verwendung in einem Ultraschall- Durchflussmessgerät oder in einem Ultraschall-Füllstandsmessgerät
CN110530426A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-03 克里特集团有限公司 一种物联网管线监测装置

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US6995500B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2006-02-07 Pathfinder Energy Services, Inc. Composite backing layer for a downhole acoustic sensor
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US8117907B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2012-02-21 Pathfinder Energy Services, Inc. Caliper logging using circumferentially spaced and/or angled transducer elements
US8547000B2 (en) 2010-12-20 2013-10-01 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Ultrasonic, flow measuring device
WO2013037616A1 (fr) * 2011-09-13 2013-03-21 Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag Convertisseur d'ultrasons d'un débitmètre à ultrasons
EP2762842A1 (fr) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-06 Krohne AG Transducteur d'ultrasons pour un debitmetre a ultrasons
EP2835620A1 (fr) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-11 General Electric Company Systèmes de transducteurs
JP2015052591A (ja) * 2013-08-08 2015-03-19 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ トランスデューサシステム
US9711709B2 (en) 2013-08-08 2017-07-18 General Electric Company Transducer systems
EP3699556A1 (fr) * 2019-02-22 2020-08-26 OneSubsea IP UK Limited Débitmètre comportant des boîtiers de transducteur nervurés

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DE10084627B4 (de) 2006-09-21
CN1352743A (zh) 2002-06-05
GB2364122A (en) 2002-01-16
GB0128030D0 (en) 2002-01-16
DE10084627T1 (de) 2002-07-11
AU5041500A (en) 2000-12-12
CN1188699C (zh) 2005-02-09
GB2364122B (en) 2003-07-02

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