WO2000022222A1 - Procedes pour reduire l'inflammabilite de substrats cellulosiques - Google Patents

Procedes pour reduire l'inflammabilite de substrats cellulosiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000022222A1
WO2000022222A1 PCT/US1999/021614 US9921614W WO0022222A1 WO 2000022222 A1 WO2000022222 A1 WO 2000022222A1 US 9921614 W US9921614 W US 9921614W WO 0022222 A1 WO0022222 A1 WO 0022222A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carpet
fiber
cotton
acid
group
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PCT/US1999/021614
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English (en)
Inventor
William A. Rearick
Michele Lefeber Wallace
John Turner
Norman Aminuddin
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Cotton Incorporated
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cotton Incorporated filed Critical Cotton Incorporated
Priority to AU63934/99A priority Critical patent/AU6393499A/en
Publication of WO2000022222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000022222A1/fr

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/192—Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/207—Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/09—Cellulose ethers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic

Definitions

  • the present application relates to methods for reducing the flammability of cellulosic substrates, including cotton fiber carpets and raised surface apparel.
  • Cotton like most textile fibers, is combustible. Whenever cotton is in the presence of oxygen and the temperature is high enough to initiate combustion (360- 420°C), untreated cotton will either burn (flaming combustion) or smolder (smolder combustion). The degree of flammability depends on the fabric construction.
  • Resistance to burning is one of the most useful properties that can be imparted to cotton fibers and textiles.
  • End uses requiring flame-retardant finishes include protective clothing (e.g., foundry workers apparel and fire fighters uniforms), children's sleepwear, furnishing/upholstery, bedding, carpets, curtams/drapes, and tents.
  • variable manufacturing cost of a typical durable flame-retardant treatment is about $ 1-2 per yard, depending on fabric weight and other factors. This can be a major limitation.
  • the flammability and flame resistance of cotton has been studied extensively and several comprehensive reviews ot the subject are available.
  • the flame-retardant agent exists as a polymer in the fibrils of cotton fibers and is not combined chemically with OH groups in the cotton fiber. This process imparts durable flame resistance to 100% cotton fabrics when apphed under proper application procedures. It produces fabrics with a good hand and strength retention. Proper application of pre-condensates to cotton fabrics requires adequate fabric preparation, proper padding/uniform application, proper phosphorus add-on relative to fabric properties, appropriate moisture control prior to arnmoniation, control of the ammoniation step to ensure adequate polymer formation, and effective oxidation and washing of the treated fabric.
  • This process is very useful for specialty applications that can command a very high price, such as protective clothing for fire fighters and other workers who may be exposed to fire or excessive heat. It is generally not practical for cotton carpets or raised surface apparel that will be sold to the average consumer.
  • the problems associated with this process include the high cost, the special equipment needed (ammoniation chamber) which is not generally available, and the two drying steps which are required.
  • Reactive phosphorus-based flame retardants are compounds (e.g., N- methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide (MDPPA)) that react with cellulose, the main constituent of cotton fiber. These compounds can be used both for cotton and for cotton blends with a low synthetic fiber content.
  • MDPPA N- methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide
  • the finish usually applied to the fabric after the coloring stage, promotes char formation. The durability of the finish makes the resulting treated fabric suitable for curtains, upholstery, bed linen and protective clothing.
  • Another non-phosphorous approach has been to prepare a solution of boric acid, ammonium sulfate, borax, hydrogen peroxide, and optionally a surfactant and/or an alkyl phthalate ester, and apply this as a coating on cellulosic materials.
  • a major limitation of this chemistry is the water-solubility of the components, which results in the composition being substantially removed during conventional washing.
  • Methods for providing cellulosic fibers with reduced flammabiUty, and articles of manufacture prepared from the resulting fire-resistant cellulosic fibers are disclosed.
  • the methods involve applying to a cellulosic fiber a composition including a mono-, di-, tri- or polycarboxylic acid, and reacting some or all of the carboxyl groups with some or all of the hydroxy groups present on the cellulosic fiber.
  • Cotton is a preferred cellulosic fiber.
  • Other cellulosic fibers include flax, jute, hemp, ramie, LyocellTM, TencellTM and regenerated unsubstituted wood celluloses such as rayon.
  • the esterification can optionally be carried out using other catalyst systems, such as metal alkoxides, metal carbonates or bicarbonates, alkali metal acetates or other alkali metal acid salts, ammonium phophatex, ammonium halides, alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal borates. Combinations of catalysts can also be effective.
  • catalyst systems such as metal alkoxides, metal carbonates or bicarbonates, alkali metal acetates or other alkali metal acid salts, ammonium phophatex, ammonium halides, alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal borates. Combinations of catalysts can also be effective.
  • the catalyst is preferably present in a concentration between 0.3 to 11% by weight of the carboxylic acid solution, and, preferably, the normality of the catalyst does not exceed about 80%, more preferably, about 65% of the normality of the carboxylic acids in the solution. However, when relatively low concentrations of acid are present, higher amounts of catalyst are required.
  • the treated fiber can be present alone or as blends of cotton and other commercially available fibers, including polyester.
  • the fibers can be used to prepare suitable articles of manufacture, including carpets, raised surface apparel, other garments, upholstery, and other articles which have acceptable fire resistance based on required tests for that particular use.
  • the fiber is cotton and the article of manufacture is a cotton-based carpet or raised surface apparel.
  • the treated cotton carpets can have a density between about 20 oz/yd 2 and 120 oz/yd 2 , preferably between about 30 oz/yd 2 and 80 oz/yd 2 .
  • compositions can optionally include additional components, such as other fire retardants, dyes, wrinkle resist agents, foaming agents, buffers, pH stabilizers, fixing agents, stain repellants such as fluorocarbons, stain blocking agents, soil repellants, wetting agents, softeners, water repellants, stain release agents, optical brighteners, emulsifiers, and surfactants.
  • additional components such as other fire retardants, dyes, wrinkle resist agents, foaming agents, buffers, pH stabilizers, fixing agents, stain repellants such as fluorocarbons, stain blocking agents, soil repellants, wetting agents, softeners, water repellants, stain release agents, optical brighteners, emulsifiers, and surfactants.
  • Methods for providing cellulosic fibers, in particular, cotton fibers, with reduced flammability, and articles of manufacture prepared from the resulting flame resistant cellulosic fibers are disclosed.
  • the methods involve applying to a cellulosic fiber a composition including a mono-, di-, tri- or polycarboxylic acid, a suitable esterification catalyst and a suitable solvent, and reacting some or all of the carboxyl groups with some or all of the hydroxy groups present on the cellulosic fiber.
  • the substrate alone such as a cotton carpet or raised surface apparel
  • the substrate alone can be nearly fire resistant enough to meet the U.S. requirements for flammability.
  • a small increase in fire resistance can be sufficient to meet the U.S. guidelines.
  • conventional fire retardants such as organophosphorous compounds, halogenated aromatics, and metal carbonates, which impart fire resistance but which each have inherent problems associated with their use, can be avoided.
  • cellulosic substrate refers to substrates that include cellulosic fibers, such as cotton, jute, flax, hemp, ramie, LyocellTM, TencellTM, regenerated unsubstituted wood celluloses such as rayon, blends thereof, and blends with other fibrous materials in which at least about 25 percent, preferably at least about 40 percent of the fibers are cellulosic materials.
  • fiber relates to fibers present in a substrate such as a carpet, raised surface apparel, upholstery, woven, knit, and nonwoven fabrics, and the like.
  • degree of substitution refers to the number of hydroxy groups in the cellulosic substrate which are esterified, on average, per glucose moiety.
  • fire resistance can be obtained by esterifying a relatively low number of hydroxy groups on average on the cellulosic substrate.
  • catalyst is typically understood to mean a compound that facilitates a chemical reaction but which is regenerated, allowing further chemical reactions to take place.
  • catalyst also includes compounds which facilitate the coupling of carboxylic acid groups to hydroxy groups on a cellulosic substrate, even if the catalyst also eventually reacts with the substrate in some manner.
  • the Fire Retardant Composition includes at least three elements, a carboxylic acid-containing moiety, a suitable catalyst for coupling the moiety to the fiber, and a suitable solvent.
  • the compounds are polymers which include at least three carboxyl groups.
  • examples of such compounds include poly(methyl)maleic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, poly(meth)acrylic acid, polymaleic acid, polyacrylic acid, copolymers and blends thereof, and anhydrides or acid halides of these acids.
  • carboxymethyl cellulose fixed with an external crosslinker and gluconic acid fixed by an external crosslinker are also suitable.
  • each carboxyl group is two or three carbons away from another carboxyl group.
  • aromatic polycarboxylic acids each carboxyl group is ortho to another carboxylic group.
  • Suitable alkah metal dihydrogen phosphates include hthium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
  • catalysts which can be used include metal oxides, metal alkoxides, metal carbonates or bicarbonates, alkah metal acetates or other alkah metal acid salts, ammonium phosphate, ammonium halides, alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal borates. Combinations of each of these catalysts can also be used.
  • C. Suitable Solvents include metal oxides, metal alkoxides, metal carbonates or bicarbonates, alkah metal acetates or other alkah metal acid salts, ammonium phosphate, ammonium halides, alkali metal hydroxides and alkali metal borates. Combinations of each of these catalysts can also be used.
  • the catalyst and carboxylic acid are present in an aqueous solution, suspension or dispersion.
  • aqueous solution preferably aqueous solution, suspension or dispersion.
  • other volatile solvents which are inert to the coupling chemistry and in which the carboxylic acid and catalyst are soluble or uniformly dispersible can be used.
  • Additional components can optionally be added to the fire-retardant composition.
  • These include, but are not limited to, other fire retardants, dyes, wrinkle resist agents, foaming agents, buffers, pH stabilizers, fixing agents, stain repellants such as fluorocarbons, stain blocking agents, soil repellants, wetting agents, softeners, water repellants, stain release agents, optical brighteners, emulsifiers, and surfactants.
  • Suitable additional fire retardants include, but are not limited to, metal oxides, metal carbonates, halocarbons, phosphorous esters, phosphorous amines, phosphate salts, other phosphoms containing compounds, aluminum trihydrate, and nitrogen-containing compounds.
  • Any cellulosic substrate which includes hydroxy groups can be treated with the above-compositions.
  • Cotton is a preferred cellulosic fiber.
  • Other cellulosic fibers include flax, jute, hemp, TencellTM, LyocellTM, ramie and regenerated
  • the material can be a blend of fibers, such as a blend of cotton and a polyolefin such as polypropylene, a polyester or polytrimethyl terephthalate (PTT).
  • the fiber composition is preferably at least 25, and, more preferably, at least 40 percent by weight cotton.
  • an area density between 20 and 120 oz/yd 2 , preferably between 30 and 80 oz/yd 2 is suitable.
  • the treated fiber compositions can be used for several purposes, including cotton carpets, raised surface apparel, articles of clothing, etc.
  • Cotton carpets are a preferred article of manufacture.
  • Raised surface apparel are also a preferred article of manufacture.
  • the fiber preferably has a density of between 20 oz/yd 2 and 120 oz/yd 2 , more preferably between 30 oz/yd 2 and 80 oz/yd 2 .
  • carboxylic acid-containing compositions described herein are either commercially available or can be prepared using known methodology.
  • the solution is added in any suitable proportion, but preferably, the amount of the solution is between 5 and 100 percent by weight of the fiber to be treated, more preferably, between 10 and 50 percent by weight, and most preferably, about 15 percent.
  • the application may be done by any of the above mentioned techniques in fiber, yam, fabric or garment form. Spraying, foaming, dipping or the "Metered Addition Process" are particularly suitable for garment application.
  • the total amount of solution added to the substrate and the required concentration of carboxylic acid in the solution will be dependent on many factors including the flammability test method, the weight and construction of the substrate, and blend levels of the many possible fibers in a blend.
  • the concentration of carboxylic acid required to be effective will be dependent on the factors mentioned above for all substrates including raised surface apparel, carpets, upholstery, and any other substrate where it is desirable to reduce the flammability. Any of the application techniques which are mentioned above, or which are used to apply other chemical treatments to fibrous substrates, are considered suitable to be used herein for any cellulosic substrate where it is desired to reduce the flammability.
  • liquor ratios of the treating bath or solution are greater than 1:1 (i.e. greater than one pound of treating solution per pound of substrate), pre-treatment
  • the temperature required to effectively form the ester linkages would be expected to vary somewhat depending on the nature of the substrate to be treated and the anhydride, a typical range of temperatures is between about 100 and 240 °C, more preferably between 110 and 200 °C. The temperature is preferably less than would otherwise be required to scorch the substrate. Excessive heating can cause yellowing of the substrate fibers, so care should be taken to control the reaction temperatures.
  • Suitable reaction times are typically between approximately one minute and five hours. However, the reaction times relate in part to the pH of the fire retardant solution. At a pH greater than 4, cure times are generally longer. However, there appears to be less of a change in the dye shade of dyed carpets when a pH greater than 4 is used.
  • Carpets typically have a polypropylene backing layer, which tends to melt at temperatures above 120°C. For this reason, it is preferable that this temperature not be exceeded when this type of carpet is treated. However, raised surface, apparel, upholstery, fiber fill, and carpets with non-thermoplastic backings may not have this type of temperature limitation. When these types of substrates are treated, the reaction temperature may be elevated as required, consistent with the scorching and/or yellowing temperature of these materials. One of skill in the art can readily determine an appropriate set of temperatures for a particular substrate to be treated.
  • the carboxylic acid-containing compound includes carbon-carbon double bonds
  • these bonds can be polymerized before, simultaneous with, or after forming the ester linkages with the hydroxy groups on the cellulosic substrate.
  • the additional crosslinking provides additional fire resistance to the overall product.
  • Methods for crosslinking carbon-carbon double bonds are well known to those of skill in the art, and typically involve the addition of a free radical polymerization initiator, such as t-butyl peroxide, persulfates, or azobisisobutyronitrile (AEBN).
  • a free radical polymerization initiator such as t-butyl peroxide, persulfates, or azobisisobutyronitrile (AEBN).
  • the carpet samples were sprayed with mixtures of different dicarboxylic acids as shown in Table ⁇ , with 15% target add-on (wet-on-dry) by weight.
  • the treated samples were dried at 220°F (104°C) and cured at 250°F (121 °C) for 5 minutes, except as follows.
  • Sample N14/1B, N14/3B and N40/1 were cured at 300°F (149°C) for 5 minutes.
  • the cured samples were evaluated for changes in hand, odor, and yellowing.
  • the treated carpets were tested for flammabihty before
  • the treated samples were also subjected to Hexapod treatments to simulate the wear and tear caused by foot traffic.
  • the Hexapod treatments were conducted according to ASTM D-5252 procedure.
  • the carpets were subjected to 3 lb. Hexapod for 8000 cycles.
  • the worn carpets were evaluated for weight loss and pile surface appearance. Then the carpets were tested for flammability using the pill test method.
  • sample N14/1B A slight yellowing on carpet was seen on sample N14/1B. This carpet was treated with tartaric acid and cured at 300 °F (149 °C). A possible source of this shght yellowing may be due to the addition of the fluorocarbon (Scotchgard FX1367TM). Sample N14/1 was treated with Scotchgard FX1367TM and cured at
  • the flammability of the treated carpet has shown a remarkable improvement from the untreated carpets. All the unwashed treated samples passed the pill test. The mode of flame extmguishing by the carboxylic acid is likely via decarboxylation of the acid. This resulted in formation of incombustible gases, such as carbon dioxide. Furthermore, the hydroxyl groups in tartaric and citric acids may be released as water vapor during combustion, which in turn, further absorbs energy from the area of combustion around the burning pill.
  • samples 9/1 and 9/2 passed the pill test, and sample 9/4 showed improvement in fire resistance.
  • Samples N14/1A and N14/3A, which failed the pill test, were treated with tartaric acid and citric acid, respectively, in conjunction with sodium phosphate, monobasic (NaH 2 PO 4 ) as the catalyst and cured at 250°F (121 °C). This result indicates that the tartaric and citric acids, catalyzed with monosodium phosphate, did not effectively esterify the hydroxy groups on the cotton.
  • the other tartaric acid-treated carpet, sample N9/2 passed the pill test after 10 washes.
  • the durability of dicarboxylic acid fixation on cotton is possible via ester linkages between the acid and cellulose.
  • the fixation may not necessarily result in the crosslinking of the cellulose.
  • the reaction between the cellulose and the acid is believed to occur through the cychc anhydride intermediary.
  • the catalytic formation of cyclic anhydride appears to occur by dehydration of the acid during the curing stage.
  • the cyclic anhydride is readily reacted with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose.
  • the ease. of the cyclic anhydride formation varies with type of acid as well as the catalyst.
  • the role of the catalyst is important in aiding the formation of the cyclic anhydride.
  • sodium hypophosphite is believed to be the most effective catalyst for carboxylic acids.
  • Dicarboxylic acids can be fixed onto cellulose via formation of the ester linkages. This linkage has been shown to be effective and durable. The addition of the carboxylic groups on cotton has been shown to reduce the flammability of the cotton carpet. This finish on cotton carpet is durable to 10 washes and to Hexapod treatments. All treated samples showed remarkable endurance to simulated foot traffic.
  • Carpet samples were sprayed with the solutions to 15% (w/w) target add on. Treated carpets were dried at 220°F (104°C) and cured at 250°F (121 °C). The treated carpet samples were tested for flammability using the pill test. The cotton carpets treated with lower concentration of dicarboxylic acids did not pass the flammability test after 10 washings. Only those carpets treated with 5% or higher concentrations of maleic acid in the solution passed the pill test before and after 10 washes.
  • Cotton carpet treated with solutions containing 10% by weight of the dicarboxylic acids showed reduced flammability. This type of finish has proved to be effective and durable to 10 home launderings. The detailed construction of the carpet is listed in
  • Table T The formulation and the amount of dicarboxylic acids in bath and on carpet samples are shown in Tables VTI and VTfl.
  • the low pH of the treated carpets was a concern.
  • the low pH may cause irritation on sensitive skin.
  • Lowering the concentration of the acids in the bath may raise the pH.
  • those carpets treated with 2% dicarboxylic acids have reasonably high pH, above 4.00. Carpets which have pH higher than 4.00 passed the USP methyl orange test.

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à des procédés servant à rendre ignifuges des matériaux cellulosiques, ainsi qu'à des articles manufacturés contenant ces matériaux. Ces procédés consistent à appliquer sur le matériau en question une composition renfermant un composé à teneur en acide carboxylique et un catalyseur approprié assurant le couplage dudit composé à une partie ou à la totalité des groupes hydroxy présents sur le matériau, puis à estérifier les groupes hydroxy. Les avantages de cette composition ignifuge sont notamment un niveau de toxicité relativement bas et la stabilité de la liaison ester si l'on soumet cette composition aux techniques de nettoyage à la vapeur traditionnelles et aux autres techniques de nettoyage des tapis. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, cette composition en fibres de coton ignifuge est utilisée pour préparer des tapis en coton ou des revêtements de surface en relief.
PCT/US1999/021614 1998-10-14 1999-10-14 Procedes pour reduire l'inflammabilite de substrats cellulosiques WO2000022222A1 (fr)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021167503A1 (fr) * 2020-02-17 2021-08-26 Essity Hygiene And Health Aktiebolag Produit fibreux à couches
CN113529418A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-22 安徽三宝棉纺针织投资有限公司 利用有机棉制备抗菌防螨襁褓用品的工艺

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US3709658A (en) * 1971-11-22 1973-01-09 Research Corp Method for decreasing the flammability of cellulosic fabrics
US3979533A (en) * 1972-12-04 1976-09-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture α,α'-Bis-(phosphono)dicarboxylic acid derivatives
US4095945A (en) * 1976-07-23 1978-06-20 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Process for treating textile articles
US4600606A (en) * 1979-04-18 1986-07-15 White Chemical Corporation Process for rendering non-thermoplastic fibrous materials flame resistant to molten materials by application thereto of a flame resistant composition, and related articles and compositions
US4820307A (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-04-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Catalysts and processes for formaldehyde-free durable press finishing of cotton textiles with polycarboxylic acids
US5273549A (en) * 1990-10-30 1993-12-28 Societe Francaise Hoechst Alkanepolycarboxylic acid derivatives as cross-linking agents of cellulose, new derivatives and textile finishes
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WO2021167503A1 (fr) * 2020-02-17 2021-08-26 Essity Hygiene And Health Aktiebolag Produit fibreux à couches
CN113529418A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-22 安徽三宝棉纺针织投资有限公司 利用有机棉制备抗菌防螨襁褓用品的工艺

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