WO2000008492A1 - Dispositif de mesure des caracteristiques electriques dans le sous-sol a electrodes capacitives - Google Patents
Dispositif de mesure des caracteristiques electriques dans le sous-sol a electrodes capacitives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000008492A1 WO2000008492A1 PCT/FR1999/001958 FR9901958W WO0008492A1 WO 2000008492 A1 WO2000008492 A1 WO 2000008492A1 FR 9901958 W FR9901958 W FR 9901958W WO 0008492 A1 WO0008492 A1 WO 0008492A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- measuring
- measurement
- electrode
- injection
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V3/20—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with propagation of electric current
- G01V3/24—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with propagation of electric current using ac
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for measuring electrical characteristics in the basement with capacitive electrodes.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the electrical characteristics of the subsoil from a borehole, a device which can be used in particular when no means is available to ensure electrical continuity by conduction between the electrode (s) placed in the borehole (s) and the basement for which the measurements are to be made.
- the device for electric prospecting in drilling with capacitive electrodes which comprises at least two injection electrodes and a current generator for injecting current through them into the ground, as well as two electrodes for measure and means for measuring the potential difference between them, is characterized in that: said current generator delivers an alternating current whose frequency is preferably between 5 and 100 kHz at a voltage of less than 1000 volts,
- At least one of the four electrodes is intended to be placed in a borehole and has a substantially cylindrical and electrically conductive external surface, and in that it further comprises:
- This coupling is of sufficient quality for the measurements carried out to be usable for recognizing the electrical characteristics of the subsoil to be prospected.
- At least one of said injection electrodes is intended to be placed in drilling. It is then substantially cylindrical and has an electrically conductive external surface.
- the device for measuring the intensity of the injected current and the injection electrode are mounted on the same component which is intended to be placed in the borehole in the desired position or positions, according to the measurements to be performed.
- At least one of said measurement electrodes is intended to be placed in a borehole. It is then substantially cylindrical and has an external electrically conductive surface and is integral with a part of the voltage measurement device. This arrangement makes it possible to improve the accuracy of the measurement of the potential difference between the two measurement electrodes.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified view of a first embodiment of the measurement device by capacitive coupling
- Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 illustrate in a simplified manner other possibilities of configuration of the injection and potential electrodes.
- Figure 8 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an electrode. intended to be placed in a borehole
- FIG. 9 is a view in vertical section of the electrode of FIG. 8.
- the installation firstly comprises an injection electrode 16 which is placed in the first borehole 12 and suspended from a cable 18.
- the second injection electrode is constituted by a metal stake 20 driven into the ground and the distance of which compared to drilling 12 can be considered infinite in the electric sense of the term.
- the injection electrodes 16 and 20 are connected to an alternating current generator 22.
- To the injection electrode 16 placed in the borehole 12 is associated a device for measuring the intensity of the current 24.
- a device 26 makes it possible to know the position of the electrode 16 in the borehole 12.
- a first measurement electrode 28 which is also suspended from the end of a cable 30 associated with means 32 for measuring the position of the electrode 28 in the borehole 14.
- a second measurement electrode 34 is constituted by a metal stake stuck in the ground at a distance such that one can consider it as infinite from an electrical point of view.
- a voltmeter or similar device 36 makes it possible to measure the difference in electrical potential between the measurement electrodes 28 and 34. It may include a part 36b taken along with the electrode 28 in the borehole 14.
- a communication bus 40 makes it possible to connect the current generator 22, the devices 26 and 32 for measuring the depth of the electrodes and the voltmeter 36 to an interface circuit 42.
- the interface circuit 42 therefore makes it possible to connect each of the parts mentioned in a central installation for managing the whole, which may advantageously be constituted by a microcomputer 44.
- the holes 12 and 14 are for example tubes with a non-conductive material such as a plastic material or else these holes 12 and 14 are not filled with any conductive fluid. electricity.
- the coupling between the electrodes 16, 20, 28, 34 and the basement in which one wishes to carry out measurements is of the capacitive type, at least as regards the electrodes 16 and 28.
- the current generator with controllable frequency is associated with an amplifier which makes it possible to adapt the output voltage.
- the electrodes 16 and 28 arranged in the boreholes 12 and 14 have a substantially cylindrical shape and their external face is made of an electrically conductive material. They are given suitable dimensions to optimize the capacitive coupling between these electrodes and the subsoil.
- VZ -, which depends on the electrical properties of the subsoil and the geometric arrangement of the electrodes.
- This processing can be carried out by the central device 44.
- FIGs 8 and 9 we will describe a preferred embodiment of the capacitive electrodes of the invention.
- These electrodes intended to be introduced into boreholes have substantially the shape of a cylinder 80 of length L and of diameter D. They are covered with a conductive material, therefore also of substantially cylindrical shape. They are surmounted by a compartment 81 containing a measuring instrument 91 electrically connected to the external conductive surface of the electrode.
- This measuring device 91 will be a ammeter in the case where the cylinder 80 constitutes an injection electrode, it will be a voltmeter in the case where the cylinder is a measuring electrode.
- the measuring device 91 is connected to terminals 92, which are themselves connected to external conductors which make it possible to trace the measurements made by the device 91 to the bus 40 and therefore to the processing device 44.
- the diameter D of the electrodes is adapted to the diameter of the borehole and their length L is adapted accordingly so that their setting impedance allows the desired intensity to be injected.
- the length L of the current or potential electrodes may be up to one meter, or even more, and their diameter will be between a few centimeters and about fifteen centimeters. Regarding the diameter, it must of course be less than the diameter of the borehole, without however being too much so that the capacitive coupling is of good quality.
- the potential difference between the two potential electrodes will be measured by a device in two parts: on the one hand, a head with very high input impedance placed near the capacitive electrode in drilling, on the other hand a voltmeter allowing the measurement by comparison with the reference which is the potential of the other very distant electrode, as well as the compensation of the capacitive losses along the measurement cables.
- the device for measuring the potential difference between the two measurement electrodes described above can be assembled in a single device.
- the frequency of the current is from one to several tens of kHz, and the voltage delivered from several hundred volts.
- This device can be used with capacitive drilling electrodes according to a large number of geometries. Of course in all cases the drilling electrodes can be mobile.
- FIGS 2 to 7 illustrate different possible configurations for the measurement electrodes and the injection electrodes.
- Figure 2 corresponds to Figure 1 and shows that the injection electrodes 16 and 28 for measurement can be moved in the holes 12 and 14 to perform different measurements.
- FIG. 3 it is possible to carry out measurements between the injection 16 and measurement 28 electrodes placed in boreholes or between the electrode 16 and the measurement electrodes constituted by the metal stakes 50-51-52 etc. .
- an injection electrode 16 and a measurement electrode 28 are arranged in the same borehole 12.
- the other electrodes are constituted by stakes 60 and 61. This configuration corresponds to a pole-pole measurement in drilling (or pole-pole logging if the distance between the two electrodes is fixed).
- the two injection electrodes 62 and 63 can be moved separately or together in a borehole 64, for example horizontal.
- the measurement electrodes consist, on the one hand, of an infinitely distant conductive stake 65 and, on the other hand, of a series of metallic stakes 66 planted in the ground. The potential difference is measured at one of the stakes 66. For each position of the injection electrodes, as many measurements are obtained as there are stakes 66.
- an injection electrode 16 is lowered into the borehole as well as a measurement electrode 28.
- the current is injected by means of the electrode 16 and a stake 67 planted in the soil to a distance not infinite in the electric sense of the term of drilling.
- the potential difference between the electrode 28 and a stake 68 planted on the ground surface is measured at a distance not infinite in the electrical sense of the term of drilling.
- the four electrodes 70, 71, 72 and 73 are placed in drilling.
- a current is injected through the electrodes 70 and 71.
- the potential difference between the electrodes 72 and 73 is measured.
- the measurements can then be, for example, of the dipole-dipole type in drilling or according to other geometries of the quadrupole, with spacings of multiple electrodes. If the distance between the electrodes is fixed, electrical logs can be produced. It is also possible to provide that only one measurement electrode is placed in the borehole, the injection electrodes and the other or the other measurement electrodes being disposed on the surface.
- the instrumented part of the drilling electrodes can detach from it, and consequently, adapt to electrodes of various sizes and shapes chosen according to the drilling in which they are to be used.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/762,136 US6731114B1 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-08-09 | Apparatus with capacitive electrodes for measuring subsurface electrical characteristics in the subsoil |
CA002346911A CA2346911A1 (fr) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-08-09 | Dispositif de mesure des caracteristiques electriques dans le sous-sol a electrodes capacitives |
JP2000564071A JP2002522775A (ja) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-08-09 | 地下の電気的特性を測定する容量性電極を有する装置 |
EP99936711A EP1103008A1 (fr) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-08-09 | Dispositif de mesure des caracteristiques electriques dans le sous-sol a electrodes capacitives |
AU51707/99A AU770988B2 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-08-09 | Device with capacitive electrodes for measuring subsurface electric characteristics |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR98/10198 | 1998-08-07 | ||
FR9810198A FR2782170B1 (fr) | 1998-08-07 | 1998-08-07 | Dispositif de mesure des caracteristiques electriques dans le sous-sol a electrodes capacitives |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000008492A1 true WO2000008492A1 (fr) | 2000-02-17 |
Family
ID=9529522
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1999/001958 WO2000008492A1 (fr) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-08-09 | Dispositif de mesure des caracteristiques electriques dans le sous-sol a electrodes capacitives |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6731114B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1103008A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2002522775A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU770988B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2346911A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2782170B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000008492A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002067015A1 (fr) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-29 | Macquarie Research Ltd | Appareil et procede de detection d'un objet dans un milieu |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0301980D0 (en) | 2003-01-28 | 2003-02-26 | Natural Environment Res | Systems and methods for resistivity measurement |
WO2004095190A2 (fr) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-11-04 | Fort Justin L | Techniques d'exploration et de surveillance de surface |
US9575209B2 (en) | 2012-12-22 | 2017-02-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Remote sensing methods and systems using nonlinear light conversion and sense signal transformation |
US9091785B2 (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2015-07-28 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Fiberoptic systems and methods for formation monitoring |
US10241229B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2019-03-26 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Distributed feedback fiber laser strain sensor systems and methods for subsurface EM field monitoring |
CA2939361A1 (fr) | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Capteurs optiques de champ electrique dotes d'electrodes passivees |
RU2557371C1 (ru) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-07-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственная фирма "ГИТАС" (ЗАО НПФ "ГИТАС") | Способ определения размеров выработки соляных куполов при строительстве подземных хранилищ газа |
AU2014388388B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2017-11-23 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Permanent EM monitoring systems using capacitively coupled source electrodes |
WO2016085511A1 (fr) | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Surveillance électromagnétique de réservoirs à terre |
US9651706B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2017-05-16 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Fiberoptic tuned-induction sensors for downhole use |
WO2017014773A1 (fr) | 2015-07-22 | 2017-01-26 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Surveillance électromagnétique comprenant des capteurs inductifs résonants adaptés à la formation |
US11293279B1 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2022-04-05 | Triad National Security, Llc | Multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography |
CN114753836B (zh) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-06-14 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | 一种空间倾斜钻孔的ct测试方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3967190A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-06-29 | Zonge Kenneth L | Method using induced polarization for ore discrimination in disseminated earth deposits |
US3973181A (en) * | 1974-12-19 | 1976-08-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | High frequency method and apparatus for electrical investigation of subsurface earth formations surrounding a borehole containing an electrically non-conductive fluid |
WO1992013286A1 (fr) * | 1991-01-24 | 1992-08-06 | Soerensen Kurt I | Equipement de prise de mesure electrique du profil d'un terrain |
US5387869A (en) * | 1991-12-26 | 1995-02-07 | Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology, Ministry Of International Trade & Industry | Apparatus for measuring transient electric earth current to predict the occurrence of an earthquake |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2165213A (en) * | 1936-04-08 | 1939-07-11 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Electrical transient well logging |
US3497958A (en) * | 1966-05-02 | 1970-03-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Systems and methods for determining the position of a tool in a borehole |
US4246538A (en) * | 1977-02-10 | 1981-01-20 | Barker Ronald D | Method of investigating the electrical resistivity of the ground and apparatus for use in the method |
US4398151A (en) * | 1980-01-25 | 1983-08-09 | Shell Oil Company | Method for correcting an electrical log for the presence of shale in a formation |
US6166540A (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 2000-12-26 | Wollin Ventures, Inc. | Method of resistivity well logging utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance |
-
1998
- 1998-08-07 FR FR9810198A patent/FR2782170B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-08-09 JP JP2000564071A patent/JP2002522775A/ja active Pending
- 1999-08-09 US US09/762,136 patent/US6731114B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-09 CA CA002346911A patent/CA2346911A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-09 AU AU51707/99A patent/AU770988B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-08-09 WO PCT/FR1999/001958 patent/WO2000008492A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-08-09 EP EP99936711A patent/EP1103008A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3973181A (en) * | 1974-12-19 | 1976-08-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | High frequency method and apparatus for electrical investigation of subsurface earth formations surrounding a borehole containing an electrically non-conductive fluid |
US3967190A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-06-29 | Zonge Kenneth L | Method using induced polarization for ore discrimination in disseminated earth deposits |
WO1992013286A1 (fr) * | 1991-01-24 | 1992-08-06 | Soerensen Kurt I | Equipement de prise de mesure electrique du profil d'un terrain |
US5387869A (en) * | 1991-12-26 | 1995-02-07 | Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology, Ministry Of International Trade & Industry | Apparatus for measuring transient electric earth current to predict the occurrence of an earthquake |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
IRENE CARSWELL PEDEN, JAMES C. ROGERS: "An Experiment for Determining the VLF Permittivity of Deep Antartic Ice", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE ELECTRONICS, vol. ge-9, no. 4, 4 October 1971 (1971-10-04), pages 224 - 233, XP002100759 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002067015A1 (fr) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-29 | Macquarie Research Ltd | Appareil et procede de detection d'un objet dans un milieu |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1103008A1 (fr) | 2001-05-30 |
FR2782170B1 (fr) | 2000-11-10 |
US6731114B1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
JP2002522775A (ja) | 2002-07-23 |
AU5170799A (en) | 2000-02-28 |
FR2782170A1 (fr) | 2000-02-11 |
CA2346911A1 (fr) | 2000-02-17 |
AU770988B2 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
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