WO2000001794A1 - Method for cleaning plastic processing machines - Google Patents
Method for cleaning plastic processing machines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000001794A1 WO2000001794A1 PCT/EP1999/004390 EP9904390W WO0001794A1 WO 2000001794 A1 WO2000001794 A1 WO 2000001794A1 EP 9904390 W EP9904390 W EP 9904390W WO 0001794 A1 WO0001794 A1 WO 0001794A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- cleaning
- chalk
- lubricants
- plastics
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 17
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- -1 among others Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HOSGXJWQVBHGLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1h-quinolin-2-one Chemical group N1C(=O)CCC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 HOSGXJWQVBHGLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004206 montan acid ester Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013872 montan acid ester Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHCEIEPOPBCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hexanedioic acid;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZIUHCEIEPOPBCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIHBGTRZFAVZRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)=O KIHBGTRZFAVZRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UEALYYHQTYPDKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCC=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O.C(CCCCC(=O)O)(=O)O.OCC(CO)(CO)CO Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCC=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O.C(CCCCC(=O)O)(=O)O.OCC(CO)(CO)CO UEALYYHQTYPDKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDOUKPWPZFGPLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.C(C=C/C(=O)O)(=O)O Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.C(C=C/C(=O)O)(=O)O BDOUKPWPZFGPLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101500021084 Locusta migratoria 5 kDa peptide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004164 Wax ester Substances 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KCWGHIAGIBAKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diamine;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound NCCN.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KCWGHIAGIBAKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006225 ethylene-methyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008202 granule composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013873 oxidized polyethylene wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001483 poly(ethyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004040 pyrrolidinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019386 wax ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3765—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/802—Constructions or methods for cleaning the mixing or kneading device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
- B29C48/2715—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of plasticising units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
- C11D3/1266—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in liquid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3749—Polyolefins; Halogenated polyolefins; Natural or synthetic rubber; Polyarylolefins or halogenated polyarylolefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/10—Salts
- C11D7/14—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/265—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/22—Organic compounds
- C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D7/266—Esters or carbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0085—Copolymers
-
- C11D2111/20—
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics, wherein the parts to be cleaned are brought into contact with a cleaning composition inside the respective shaping machine, the cleaning composition being a mixture of special homo- and / or Co-polymers or graft polymers derived therefrom, chalk and lubricants and / or release agents.
- thermoplastic plastics are particularly suitable for injection-molded and extruded objects, for example foils. Plates. Shaped body, etc. used.
- various of the numerous resins available are processed using the same molding machines.
- cleaning of the processing equipment is necessary between the processing steps. The cleaning can be done by ' disassembling the system and mechanical cleaning, for example by using solvents or by flaming or by using an oil or whirl bath. From a general point of view, cleaning the inside of each molding machine is a measure of eliminating the influence of the previous resin at the time of switching to a new production.
- the resin initially processed is a colored resin
- a color such as blue or black to a color such as white.
- Cleaning the inside of the molding machine can then be very complex.
- the extrusion process can be stopped, the screw removed, the screw and the inside of the cylinder cleaned, for example by brushing, and then the screw reassembled.
- substitution resin ie a special cleaning composition
- JP-A-05/098072 describes cleaning compositions for machines for the shaping processing of plastics.
- the compositions are made by mixing the following three components: (1) thermoplastic resin, (2) neutral salt of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, and (3) basic magnesium stearate.
- US-A-4838948 describes a method for cleaning the equipment for processing polymers.
- a composition which contains (1) 92 to 97.4% of a polymer, (2) 2.4 to 6.4% of a mild abrasive and (3) Contains 0.2 to 1.6% of a sulfonated surfactant.
- Component (1) can be an acrylic-containing resin, among others, component (2) is selected from the group calcium carbonate, phosphate and silicate as well as aluminum silicate.
- DD-A-239355 describes a method and a cleaning composition for the quick and efficient color change when processing colored thermoplastic molding compositions, in particular during extrusion and injection molding. The process is carried out by displacing the colored melt residues from the extruder or the injection molding machine using fiber-reinforced
- thermoplastic composite materials It is emphasized to be advantageous to use a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite made of polyamide or polyolefins as a special plastic molding compound, which contains up to 75% short glass fibers.
- the plastic molding compositions can also contain up to 50% non-fibrous inorganic additives such as chalk, talc, kaolin or the like.
- DE-C-196 22 579 relates to cleaning compositions for plastics processing equipment, the compositions consisting of the components (1) 95 to 25% of a high molecular weight, non-thermoplastically processable polymethyl methacrylate and (2) 5 to 75% of a thermoplastically processable polymethyl methacrylate.
- the cleaning composition mentioned is in the form of a granule / granule or granule mixture of components (1) and (2) which is pushed through or pressed through the plastics processing equipment like a plastics material to be processed. By mixing with the cleaning composition, residues of the previously processed plastic resin are removed from the machine.
- the cleaning composition mentioned is said to be particularly suitable for cleaning injection molding apparatus and extruders which are contaminated with colored or transparent polycarbonates or polymethyl methacrylates.
- WO 95/17268 describes abrasive and cleaning compositions containing (1) predominantly one or more abrasive powders, (2) at least one resin and (3) at least one copolymer of an olefin and a (meth) acrylate.
- the composition can additionally contain (4) a surfactant.
- the abrasive (1) can be selected from a number of known compounds; one possibility is calcium carbonate.
- Component (2) is selected from three classes of compounds. These are polymers of dienes, polymers of resin acids and copolymers of olefins and (meth) acrylic acid esters.
- a typical cleaning composition is given in Example 1: 82% calcium carbonate, 13% of a polydiene and 5% of an ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer.
- DE-A-42 02 618 relates to a cleaning composition for a resin molding device which (1) 50 to 95% of a polyolefin resin with a melt index of 0.01 to 0.5, (2) 0.1 to 15% of an acrylic Copolymers, (3) 2 to 30% of a neutral salt of organic sulfonic acid and (4) 0.1 to 10% basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, zinc carbonate or a mixture of two or more components thereof.
- the composition is said to be suitable for cleaning the molding apparatus at the time of changing the types of the highly stressed engineering plastics at about 400 ° C.
- EP-A-803338 describes a composition and a method for cleaning plastic processing machines using a material based on a thermoplastic resin which contains a substituted pyrrolidone solvent.
- the object of the present invention was to develop a method for cleaning machines for shaping processing Plastics, in particular thermoplastics. It should be expressly stated in this connection that - as is known to any person skilled in the art - machines for the shaping processing of plastics, in particular thermoplastic plastics, are of course not exclusively processed individual individual plastics, but generally mixtures containing plastics, ie mixtures which predominantly contain one or contain several plastics as well as usual processing aids or additives.
- the process to be developed should include contacting the parts to be cleaned inside the respective shaping machine with a specially developed cleaning composition. It should be ensured that a resin previously processed in the machine can be quickly and easily displaced from the machine; it should also be ensured that the existing deposits on the surfaces of the shaping tools are largely removed and that no new deposits are created by the cleaning composition used in the process; it should also be ensured that the cleaning of the machines can take place at higher temperatures, which are usually used in the processing of thermoplastic resins. This means that cooling of the machines before using the cleaning compositions can be largely avoided.
- the present invention relates to a method for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics, wherein the parts to be cleaned are brought into contact with a cleaning composition in the interior of the respective shaping machine, and wherein mixtures are used as the cleaning composition containing a ) 20-45% by weight of one or more homo- and / or copolymers selected from the group of the esters of (meth) acrylic acid with 1-valent alcohols 1-4 carbon atoms, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and the graft polymers based on the compounds b) 45-75% by weight of chalk with grain sizes in the range of 2-150 microns and c) 0.01-10% by weight % one or more lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight (loss of mass when heated in an open vessel in the open air at 190 ° C. for 2 hours).
- the present invention relates to a method for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of thermoplastics, which are selected from the group of chlorine and fluorine-containing polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride, furthermore polycarbonates and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers.
- thermoplastics which are selected from the group of chlorine and fluorine-containing polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride, furthermore polycarbonates and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers.
- component a one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers are used. These are homopolymers or copolymers based on esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with monohydric alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and graft polymers based on them of the connections mentioned.
- Component a) is used in an amount of 20-45% by weight, based on the mixture as a whole. In a preferred embodiment, component a) is used in an amount of 25-40% by weight and in particular 30-35% by weight. Polymethyl and polyethyl methacrylates are very particularly preferred as component a).
- component a) is not critical per se, but it has been found that compounds with an average molecular weight (number average; Mn) in the range from 800,000 to 4,000,000 are particularly suitable. The range from 800,000 to 2,000,000 is particularly preferred.
- copolymers are used as component a) which are based on esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with methanol and / or ethanol.
- component a) contains one or more ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers in addition to the copolymers just mentioned.
- component b chalk (calcium carbonate) with grain sizes in the range from 2 to 150 microns is used.
- at least 50% by weight of the chalk used, based on the total amount of chalk used has grain sizes in the range from 20 to 100 microns. This means that in the preferred embodiment the majority of the chalk can be said to be “coarse-grained”.
- component b) is used in an amount of 55 to 75% by weight and in particular 65 to 70% by weight .
- the cleaning compositions to be used according to the invention contain 0.01-10% by weight of one or more lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight.
- the volatility is defined in the context of the present invention as the loss of mass of the lubricants and / or release agents used, which takes place when the lubricants and / or release agents used are heated in an open vessel in air at 190 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the loss of mass is determined in a simple manner by at 20 ° C a defined amount of the sliding or. Enter the release agent, then heat this amount in an open container in the open air at 190 ° C and, after cooling to 20 ° C, determine the weight of the lubricant or release agent again.
- the difference between the initial and final weight is the loss of mass due to the volatility of the substance examined. It is given in% by weight based on the substance used and should be less than 2.0% by weight for the compounds c) to be used according to the invention. It should be expressly stated in this connection that the limit value given with regard to the volatility of component c) relates to all lubricants and / or release agents contained in the mixture a) to c). This means that in cases where several lubricants or release agents are used as component c), not every single individual lubricant or release agent should be checked for loss of mass by heating to 190 ° C. for 2 hours using the test specified but the mixture of all components used.
- each individual lubricant or release agent satisfies the above-mentioned criterion with regard to the loss of mass when heated to 190 ° C. for 1 hour got to.
- the term “individual component” used here is not to be understood in the sense that, for products based on natural raw materials such as fatty acid esters, whose carboxylic acid building blocks have a specific C chain distribution, each contains chemically therein Individual would be subject to the test mentioned, but the technical product, for example the C 8-22 fatty acid stearyl ester , as such.
- component c) is used in an amount of 1-5% by weight and in particular 2.0-3.5% by weight.
- component c) can be used both as a lubricant and as a release agent, and also as a mixture of lubricants and release agents.
- release agents that reduce the frictional resistance mainly between the polymer melt and the steel surface of the machine used in the shaping process; the reduction of The consequence of frictional resistance is that the melt melt pressure is reduced.
- lubricants predominantly act in the polymer melt and reduce the internal frictional forces, which means that the melt maintains a good plastic flow even at high filler contents, which is important for filling the shaping tool.
- solid or liquid calcium salts and / or magnesium salts and / or aluminum salts and / or zinc salts selected from cl) calcium salts of saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain are used as lubricants or release agents c) at 20 ° C. or branched monocarboxylic acids having 6 to 36 carbon atoms, c2) calcium salts of the unsubstituted or substituted with C -4 alkyl radicals
- Benzoic acid c3) zinc salts of saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acids with 6 to 36 C atoms, c4) magnesium salts of saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acids with 6 to 36 C atoms, c5) magnesium salts of saturated or unsaturated dicarbons with 6 to 10 C-atoms, c6) aluminum salts of saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acids with 6 to 36 C-atoms c) could be used.
- lubricants or release agents which can be used alone or in combination with one another as component c) are the substances known for this purpose from the prior art.
- the following types of compounds are preferably used: hydrocarbon waxes which are in the temperature range melting from 70 to 130 ° C, oxidized polyethylene waxes, free fatty acids with 8 to 22 C atoms and their branched chain isomers, for example stearic acid or also hydroxystearic acid, ⁇ -olefins, wax esters, ie esters from longer-chain monocarboxylic acids and monoalcohols, primary and secondary, saturated and unsaturated higher alcohols with preferably 16 to 44 carbon atoms in the molecule, ethylenediamine distearate, montanic acid esters of diols, for example ethanediol, 1,3-butanediol and glycerol, mixtures of such montanic acid esters with unesterified montanic acids, partial esters of fatty acids with 8
- mixed esters described in DE-C-19 07 768 with hydroxyl or acid numbers in the range from 0 to 6 made from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 C atoms in the molecule, aliphatic polyols with 2 to 6 Hydroxyl groups in the molecule and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 12 to 30 C atoms in the molecule.
- Examples include mixed esters of maleic acid-pentaerythritol-behenic acid, mixed esters of adipic acid-pentaerythritol-oleic acid and mixed esters of adipic acid-pentaerythritol-stearic acid.
- Such lubricants or release agents can be used in the context of the present invention both individually and in combination with one another, and also in combination with the calcium, magnesium or aluminum salts mentioned above.
- inorganic additives such as talc, kaolin and the like, cationic layer compounds, for example hydrotalcites or modified hydrotalcites, zeolites.
- the cleaning compositions to be used according to the invention are generally used as follows: in normal driving operation of the machines for the shaping processing of plastics, these mixtures become the Machines, e.g. B. extruders, fed continuously. If the machine is now to be cleaned, the plastic to be processed is no longer fed. but the cleaning composition to be used according to the invention. As soon as the interior of the machine is predominantly and preferably completely filled with the cleaning composition to be used according to the invention, that is to say the previously present plastic is largely or completely displaced, the cleaning composition to be used according to the invention has its full effect. In this phase, the person skilled in the art will adjust the amount and flow rate of the cleaning composition to be used according to the invention depending on the degree of contamination of the machine parts to be cleaned.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for cleaning injection molding apparatuses or extruders which are contaminated with colored or transparent polycarbonates or polymethyl methacrylates.
- the present invention furthermore relates to the use of mixtures comprising a) 20-45% by weight of one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers selected from the group of the esters of (meth) acrylic acid with 1-valent alcohols with 1 - 4 C-
- Another object of the present invention are cleaning compositions for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics, characterized in that they contain a) 20-45% by weight of one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers selected from the group the ester of (meth) acrylic acid with 1-valent alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and the graft polymers based on the compounds b) 45-75% by weight of chalk with particle sizes in the range from 2 150 microns and c) 0.01-10% by weight of one or more lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight (loss of mass after 2 hours
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cleaning machines used for the moulding processing of plastic materials. According to said method the parts to be cleaned are brought into contact with a cleaning compound inside the moulding machine concerned and the cleaning compound is a mixture of special homo- and/or co-polymers or graft polymers derived therefrom, chalk and lubricants and/or form release agents.
Description
VERFAHREN ZUR REINIGUNG VON KUNSTSTOFFVERARBEITUNGSMASCHINEN METHOD FOR CLEANING PLASTIC PROCESSING MACHINES
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the Invention
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen, wobei man die zu reinigenden Teile im Inneren der jeweiligen formgebenden Maschine mit einer Reinigungs- Zusammensetzung in Kontakt bringt, wobei die Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung eine Mischung von speziellen Homo- und/oder Co-Polymeren bzw. davon abgeleiteter Pfropfpolymerisate, Kreide und Gleit- und/oder Trennmitteln darstellt.The invention relates to a method for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics, wherein the parts to be cleaned are brought into contact with a cleaning composition inside the respective shaping machine, the cleaning composition being a mixture of special homo- and / or Co-polymers or graft polymers derived therefrom, chalk and lubricants and / or release agents.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Thermoplastische Kunststoffe (Harze) werden aufgrund ihrer hervorragenden Verformbarkeit für insbesondere spritzgegossene und extrudierte Gegenstände, beispielsweise Folien. Platten. Formkörper usw., verwendet. Häufig werden dabei verschiedene der zahlreichen zur Verfügung stehenden Harze mit den selben formgebenden Maschinen verarbeitet. Um bei einem Wechsel des thermoplastisch zu verarbeitenden Harzes eine Verunreinigung des neuen Harzes mit dem zuvor verarbeiteten zu vermeiden, ist zwischen den Verarbeitungsgängen eine Reinigung der Verarbeitungsausrüstung notwendig. Die Reinigung kann dadurch erfolgen,' daß man die Anlage demontiert und eine mechanische Reinigung, beispielsweise durch Zuhilfenahme von Lösungsmitteln oder durch Abflammen oder durch den Einsatz eines Öl- oder Wirbelbades vornimmt. Von einem allgemeinen Standpunkt aus betrachtet handelt es sich beim Reinigen des Inneren der jeweiligen formgebenden Maschine um eine Maßnahme, durch die der Einfluß des vorherigen Harzes zum Zeitpunkt der Umstellung auf eine neue Produktion beseitigt wird.
Besonders kritisch sind solche Fälle, bei denen das zunächst verarbeitete Harz ein gefärbtes Harz ist, beispielsweise, wenn die vorangegangene Stufe mit einer intensiven Farbe, wie etwa blau oder schwarz, in eine andere mit einer Farbe wie etwa weiß umgewandelt wird. Eine Reinigung des Inneren der formverarbeitenden Maschine kann dann sehr aufwendig sein. Beispielsweise kann man im Falle einer Umstellung eines gefärbten Produktes in einer Extrusions-Granulierungsstufe den Extrudiervorgang stoppen, die Schnecke abziehen, die Schnecke und das Innere des Zylinders beispielsweise durch Bürsten reinigen und anschließend die Schnecke wieder aufmontieren. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, ein sogenanntes Substitutionsharz, d. h. eine spezielle Reinigungszusammensetzung, durch das Innere der Maschine zu führen, wobei das vorangegangene Harz durch das Substitutionsharz ersetzt wird, ohne daß die Schnecke abgezogen wird. Hierbei wird üblicherweise eine sehr große Menge an Harz zum Reinigen benötigt und Verschmutzungen auf komplizierten Strukturteilen im Extruder lassen sich häufig nur schwer entfernen. Ein weiteres Problem besteht darin, daß während des Reinigungsvorganges im Inneren der Maschine häufig noch relativ hohe Temperaturen vorherrschen. Dies kann zu Sekundärproblemen führen, wenn die Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung keine ausreichende Thermostabilität aufweist und ihrerseits eine unerwünschte Belagsbildung an den inneren Oberflächen der Maschine bewirkt.Because of their excellent deformability, thermoplastic plastics (resins) are particularly suitable for injection-molded and extruded objects, for example foils. Plates. Shaped body, etc. used. Often, various of the numerous resins available are processed using the same molding machines. In order to avoid contamination of the new resin with the previously processed resin when the resin to be processed is changed, cleaning of the processing equipment is necessary between the processing steps. The cleaning can be done by ' disassembling the system and mechanical cleaning, for example by using solvents or by flaming or by using an oil or whirl bath. From a general point of view, cleaning the inside of each molding machine is a measure of eliminating the influence of the previous resin at the time of switching to a new production. Particularly critical are those cases in which the resin initially processed is a colored resin, for example when the previous stage is converted to another with a color such as blue or black to a color such as white. Cleaning the inside of the molding machine can then be very complex. For example, in the event of a change in a colored product in an extrusion granulation stage, the extrusion process can be stopped, the screw removed, the screw and the inside of the cylinder cleaned, for example by brushing, and then the screw reassembled. Another possibility is to pass a so-called substitution resin, ie a special cleaning composition, through the interior of the machine, the previous resin being replaced by the substitution resin without the screw being removed. This usually requires a very large amount of resin for cleaning and soiling on complicated structural parts in the extruder is often difficult to remove. Another problem is that during the cleaning process inside the machine there are often still relatively high temperatures. This can lead to secondary problems if the cleaning composition does not have sufficient thermal stability and, in turn, causes undesirable formation of deposits on the inner surfaces of the machine.
JP-A-05/098072 beschreibt Reinigungs-Zusammensetzungen für Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen. Die Zusammensetzungen werden durch Mischen folgender drei Komponenten hergestellt: (1) thermoplastisches Harz, (2) neutrales Salz von Alkylbenzolsulfonsäure und (3) basisches Magnesiumstearat.JP-A-05/098072 describes cleaning compositions for machines for the shaping processing of plastics. The compositions are made by mixing the following three components: (1) thermoplastic resin, (2) neutral salt of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, and (3) basic magnesium stearate.
US-A-4838948 beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Reinigung des Equipments zur Verarbeitung von Polymeren. Hierbei wird eine Zusammensetzung eingesetzt, die (1) 92 bis 97,4 % eines Polymeren, (2) 2,4 bis 6,4 % eines milden Abrasivs und (3)
0,2 bis 1,6 % eines sulfonierten Tensids enthält. Komponente (1) kann unter anderem ein Acryl-haltiges Harz sein, Komponente (2) wird ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Calciumcarbonat, - phosphat und - silikat sowie Aluminiumsilikat.US-A-4838948 describes a method for cleaning the equipment for processing polymers. A composition is used which contains (1) 92 to 97.4% of a polymer, (2) 2.4 to 6.4% of a mild abrasive and (3) Contains 0.2 to 1.6% of a sulfonated surfactant. Component (1) can be an acrylic-containing resin, among others, component (2) is selected from the group calcium carbonate, phosphate and silicate as well as aluminum silicate.
DD-A-239355 beschreibt ein Verfahren und eine Reinigungsmasse zum schnellen und rationellen Farbwechsel bei der Verarbeitung eingefärbter thermoplastischer Formmassen, insbesondere beim Extrudieren und Spritzgießen. Das Verfahren erfolgt durch Verdrängen der eingefärbten Schmelzrückstände aus dem Extruder oder der Spritzgußmaschine mittels faserverstärkterDD-A-239355 describes a method and a cleaning composition for the quick and efficient color change when processing colored thermoplastic molding compositions, in particular during extrusion and injection molding. The process is carried out by displacing the colored melt residues from the extruder or the injection molding machine using fiber-reinforced
Thermoplastverbundwerkstoffe. Als vorteilhaft wird herausgestellt, als spezielle Plastformmasse einen faserverstärkten Thermoplastverbundstoff aus Polyamid bzw. Polyolefinen zu verwenden, der bis zu 75 % Glaskurzfasern enthält. Die Plastformmassen können neben diesen faserförmigen Verstärkungsmaterialien bis zu 50 % auch nichtfaserfόrmige anorganische Zusatzstoffe wie Kreide, Talkum, Kaolin oder dergleichen enthalten.Thermoplastic composite materials. It is emphasized to be advantageous to use a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite made of polyamide or polyolefins as a special plastic molding compound, which contains up to 75% short glass fibers. In addition to these fibrous reinforcing materials, the plastic molding compositions can also contain up to 50% non-fibrous inorganic additives such as chalk, talc, kaolin or the like.
DE-C-196 22 579 betrifft Reinigungszusammensetzungen für Kunststoffverarbeitungsausrüstungen, wobei die Zusammensetzungen aus den Komponenten (1) 95 bis 25 % eines hochmolekularen, nicht thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren Polymethylmethacrylat und (2) 5 bis 75 % eines thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren Polymethylmethacrylats besteht. Die genannte Reinigungszusammensetzung liegt als Körnchen/Granulat- oder Granulat-Mischung der Komponenten (1) und (2) vor, die wie ein zu verarbeitender Kunststoff durch die Kunststoffverarbeitungsausrüstung durchgesetzt bzw. durchgepresst wird. Durch Vermischung mit der Reinigungszusammensetzung werden dabei Reste des zuvor verarbeiteten Kunststoffharzes aus der Maschine ausgetragen. Die genannte Reinigungszusammensetzung soll sich insbesondere zur Reinigung von Spritzgußapparaturen und Extrudern eignen, die mit gefärbten oder transparenten Polycarbonaten oder Polymethylmethacrylaten verunreinigt sind.
WO 95/17268 beschreibt Abrasiv- und Reinigungszusammensetzungen enthaltend (1) überwiegend ein oder mehrere Abrasiv-Pulver, (2) wenigstens ein Harz und (3) wenigstens ein Copolymer eines Olefins und eines (Meth)acrylats. Darüber hinaus kann die Zusammensetzung zusätzlich (4) ein Tensid enthalten. Das Abrasiv (1) kann aus einer Reihe bekannter Verbindungen gewählt werden; eine Möglichkeit dafür ist Calciumcarbonat. Komponente (2) wird ausgewählt aus drei Klassen von Verbindungen. Dabei handelt es sich um Polymere von Dienen, Polymere von Harzsäuren und Copolymere von Olefmen und (Meth)acrylsäureestern. Eine typische Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung wird in Beispiel 1 angegeben: 82 % Calciumcarbonat, 13 % eines Polydiens und 5 % eines Ethylen-Methylacrylat- Copolymeren.DE-C-196 22 579 relates to cleaning compositions for plastics processing equipment, the compositions consisting of the components (1) 95 to 25% of a high molecular weight, non-thermoplastically processable polymethyl methacrylate and (2) 5 to 75% of a thermoplastically processable polymethyl methacrylate. The cleaning composition mentioned is in the form of a granule / granule or granule mixture of components (1) and (2) which is pushed through or pressed through the plastics processing equipment like a plastics material to be processed. By mixing with the cleaning composition, residues of the previously processed plastic resin are removed from the machine. The cleaning composition mentioned is said to be particularly suitable for cleaning injection molding apparatus and extruders which are contaminated with colored or transparent polycarbonates or polymethyl methacrylates. WO 95/17268 describes abrasive and cleaning compositions containing (1) predominantly one or more abrasive powders, (2) at least one resin and (3) at least one copolymer of an olefin and a (meth) acrylate. In addition, the composition can additionally contain (4) a surfactant. The abrasive (1) can be selected from a number of known compounds; one possibility is calcium carbonate. Component (2) is selected from three classes of compounds. These are polymers of dienes, polymers of resin acids and copolymers of olefins and (meth) acrylic acid esters. A typical cleaning composition is given in Example 1: 82% calcium carbonate, 13% of a polydiene and 5% of an ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer.
DE-A-42 02 618 betrifft eine Reinigungszusammensetzung für eine Harzform- gebungvorrichtung, welche (1) 50 bis 95 % eines Polyolefinharzes mit einem Schmelzindex von 0,01 bis 0,5, (2) 0,1 bis 15 % eines Acryl-Copolymeren, (3) 2 bis 30 % eines Neutralsalzes von organischer Sulfonsäure und (4) 0,1 bis 10 % basisches Magnesiumcarbonat, Magnesiumhydroxid, Kaliumcarbonat, Zinkcarbonat oder eine Mischung aus zwei oder mehreren Komponenten davon umfaßt. Die Zusammensetzung soll sich für die Reinigung der Formgebungsvorrichtung zur Zeit des Auswechseins der Arten der hochbeanspruchten technischen Kunststoffe bei etwa 400°C eignen.DE-A-42 02 618 relates to a cleaning composition for a resin molding device which (1) 50 to 95% of a polyolefin resin with a melt index of 0.01 to 0.5, (2) 0.1 to 15% of an acrylic Copolymers, (3) 2 to 30% of a neutral salt of organic sulfonic acid and (4) 0.1 to 10% basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, zinc carbonate or a mixture of two or more components thereof. The composition is said to be suitable for cleaning the molding apparatus at the time of changing the types of the highly stressed engineering plastics at about 400 ° C.
EP-A-803338 beschreibt eine Zusammensetzung und ein Verfahren zur Reinigung Kunststoff-verarbeitender Maschinen unter Einsatz eines Materials auf Basis eines thermoplastischen Harzes, das ein substituiertes Pyrrolidon-Lösungsmittel enthält.EP-A-803338 describes a composition and a method for cleaning plastic processing machines using a material based on a thermoplastic resin which contains a substituted pyrrolidone solvent.
Beschreibung der ErfindungDescription of the invention
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand in der Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von
Kunststoffen, insbesondere thermoplastischen Kunststoffen. Ausdrücklich sei in diesem Zusammenhang festgestellt, daß - wie jedem Fachmann geläufig - in Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen, insbesondere thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, selbstverständlich nicht ausschließlich einzelne individuelle Kunststoffe verarbeitet werden, sondern in der Regel Kunststoff- haltige Mischungen, d. h. Mischungen die überwiegend ein oder mehrere Kunststoffe enthalten sowie darüber hinaus übliche Verarbeitungs-Hilfsmittel bzw. Additive.The object of the present invention was to develop a method for cleaning machines for shaping processing Plastics, in particular thermoplastics. It should be expressly stated in this connection that - as is known to any person skilled in the art - machines for the shaping processing of plastics, in particular thermoplastic plastics, are of course not exclusively processed individual individual plastics, but generally mixtures containing plastics, ie mixtures which predominantly contain one or contain several plastics as well as usual processing aids or additives.
Das zu entwickelnde Verfahren sollte das In-Kontakt-bringen der zur reinigenden Teile im Inneren der jeweiligen formgebenden Maschine mit einer speziell entwickelten Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung einschließen. Dabei sollte gewährleistet sein, daß sich ein in der Maschine zuvor verarbeitetes Harz rasch und problemlos aus der Maschine verdrängen läßt; es sollte darüber hinaus gewährleistet sein, das vorhandene Beläge auf den Oberflächen der formgebenden Werkzeuge weitgehend entfernt werden und daß durch die dabei eingesetzte Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung keine neuen Beläge entstehen; es sollte auch gewährleistet sein, daß die Reinigung der Maschinen bei höheren Temperaturen, die üblicherweise bei der Verarbeitung von thermoplastischen Harzen eingesetzt werden, stattfinden kann. Das heißt, daß auf ein Abkühlen der Maschinen vor dem Einsatz der Reinigungs-Zusammensetzungen weitgehend vermieden werden kann.The process to be developed should include contacting the parts to be cleaned inside the respective shaping machine with a specially developed cleaning composition. It should be ensured that a resin previously processed in the machine can be quickly and easily displaced from the machine; it should also be ensured that the existing deposits on the surfaces of the shaping tools are largely removed and that no new deposits are created by the cleaning composition used in the process; it should also be ensured that the cleaning of the machines can take place at higher temperatures, which are usually used in the processing of thermoplastic resins. This means that cooling of the machines before using the cleaning compositions can be largely avoided.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen, wobei man die zu reinigenden Teile im Inneren der jeweiligen formgebenden Maschine mit einer Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung in Kontakt bringt, und wobei man als Reinigungs- Zusammensetzung Mischungen einsetzt, enthaltend a) 20 - 45 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Homo- und/oder Co-Polymere ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Ester der (Meth)acrylsäure mit 1 -wertigen Alkoholen mit
1 - 4 C- Atomen, der Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und der Pfrop olymere auf Basis der genannten Verbindungen b) 45 - 75 Gew.-% Kreide mit Korngrößen im Bereich von 2 - 150 Mikron und c) 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel mit einer Flüchtigkeit von weniger als 2,0 Gew.-% (Masseverlust bei 2-stündigem Erhitzen in einem offenen Gefäß an der Luft bei 190°C).The present invention relates to a method for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics, wherein the parts to be cleaned are brought into contact with a cleaning composition in the interior of the respective shaping machine, and wherein mixtures are used as the cleaning composition containing a ) 20-45% by weight of one or more homo- and / or copolymers selected from the group of the esters of (meth) acrylic acid with 1-valent alcohols 1-4 carbon atoms, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and the graft polymers based on the compounds b) 45-75% by weight of chalk with grain sizes in the range of 2-150 microns and c) 0.01-10% by weight % one or more lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight (loss of mass when heated in an open vessel in the open air at 190 ° C. for 2 hours).
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform auf ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, die ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe Chlor- und Fluor-haltiger Polymere, etwa Polyvinylchlorid, ferner Polycarbonate und Ethylen- Vinylacetat-Copolymere.In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of thermoplastics, which are selected from the group of chlorine and fluorine-containing polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride, furthermore polycarbonates and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers.
Im Hinblick auf die Komponente a) werden ein oder mehrere Homo- und/oder Co-Polymere eingesetzt. Es handelt sich dabei um solche Homo- bzw. Co- Polymere, denen als Bausteine Ester der Acrylsäure bzw- Methacrylsäure mit 1- wertigen Alkoholen mit 1 bis 4 C-Atomen zugrundeliegen, ferner um Ethylen- Vinylacetat-Copolymere und ferner um Pfropfpofymeren auf Basis der genannten Verbindungen. Komponente a) wird in einer Menge von 20 - 45 Gew.-% - bezogen auf die gesamte Mischung - eingesetzt. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird Komponente a) in einer Menge von 25 - 40 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 30 - 35 Gew.-% eingesetzt. Ganz besonders bevorzugt als Komponente a) sind Polymethyl- und Polyethyl-Methacrylate. Das Molekulargewicht der Komponente a) ist an sich nicht kritisch, es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, daß Verbindungen mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht (Zahlenmittel; Mn) im Bereich von 800.000 bis 4.000.000 sich ganz besonders eignen. Dabei ist der Bereich von 800.000 bis 2.000.000 ganz besonders bevorzugt.
In einer Ausführungsform setzt man als Komponente a) Co-Polymere ein, die als Bausteine Ester der Acrylsäure bzw. Methacrylsäure mit Methanol und/oder Ethanol zugrundeliegen. In einer anderen Ausführungsform enthält die Komponente a) über die gerade genannten Co-Polymeren hinaus ein oder mehrere Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere.With regard to component a), one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers are used. These are homopolymers or copolymers based on esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with monohydric alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and graft polymers based on them of the connections mentioned. Component a) is used in an amount of 20-45% by weight, based on the mixture as a whole. In a preferred embodiment, component a) is used in an amount of 25-40% by weight and in particular 30-35% by weight. Polymethyl and polyethyl methacrylates are very particularly preferred as component a). The molecular weight of component a) is not critical per se, but it has been found that compounds with an average molecular weight (number average; Mn) in the range from 800,000 to 4,000,000 are particularly suitable. The range from 800,000 to 2,000,000 is particularly preferred. In one embodiment, copolymers are used as component a) which are based on esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with methanol and / or ethanol. In another embodiment, component a) contains one or more ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers in addition to the copolymers just mentioned.
Hinsichtlich der Komponente b) gilt, daß hier Kreide (Calciumcarbonat) mit Korngrößen im Bereich von 2 - 150 Mikron eingesetzt wird. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weisen mindestens 50 Gew.-% der eingesetzten Kreide - bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der eingesetzten Kreide - Korngrößen im Bereich von 20 - 100 Mikron auf. Dies bedeutet, daß in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der überwiegende Teil der Kreide als „grobkörnig" anzusprechen ist. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird Komponente b) in einer Menge von 55 bis 75 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 65 bis 70 Gew.-% eingesetzt.With regard to component b), chalk (calcium carbonate) with grain sizes in the range from 2 to 150 microns is used. In a preferred embodiment, at least 50% by weight of the chalk used, based on the total amount of chalk used, has grain sizes in the range from 20 to 100 microns. This means that in the preferred embodiment the majority of the chalk can be said to be "coarse-grained". In a preferred embodiment, component b) is used in an amount of 55 to 75% by weight and in particular 65 to 70% by weight .
Hinsichtlich der Komponente c) enthalten die erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Reinigungs-Zusammensetzungen 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel mit einer Flüchtigkeit von weniger als 2,0 Gew.-%. Die Flüchtigkeit wird im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung definiert als der Masseverlust der eingesetzten Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel, der bei 2-stündigem Erhitzen der eingesetzten Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel in einem offenen Gefäß an der Luft bei 190°C erfolgt. Der Masseverlust wird in einfacher Weise dadurch ermittelt, daß man bei 20°C eine definierte Menge des zu untersuchenden Gleitbzw. Trennmittels eingibt, diese Menge anschließend in einem offenem Gefäß an der Luft bei 190°C erhitzt und nach dem Abkühlen auf 20°C das Gewicht des Gleit- bzw. Trennmittels erneut bestimmt. Die Differenz von Ein- und Auswaage ist der auf die Flüchtigkeit der untersuchten Substanz zurückgehende Masseverlust. Er wird in Gew.-% bezogen auf die eingesetzte Substanz angegeben und soll bei den erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Verbindungen c) weniger als 2,0 Gew.-% betragen.
Ausdrücklich sei in diesem Zusammenhang festgestellt, daß sich der im Hinblick auf die Flüchtigkeit der Komponente c) angegebene Grenzwert auf sämtliche in der Mischung a) bis c) enthaltenen Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel bezieht. Dies bedeutet, daß in den Fällen, in denen als Komponente c) mehrere Gleit- bzw. Trennmittel eingesetzt werden, nicht jedes einzelne individuelle Gleit- bzw. Trennmittel mittels des angegebenen Tests auf den Masseverlust bei 2-stündigem Erhitzen auf 190°C zu prüfen ist, sondern die Mischung aller eingesetzten Komponenten.With regard to component c), the cleaning compositions to be used according to the invention contain 0.01-10% by weight of one or more lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight. The volatility is defined in the context of the present invention as the loss of mass of the lubricants and / or release agents used, which takes place when the lubricants and / or release agents used are heated in an open vessel in air at 190 ° C. for 2 hours. The loss of mass is determined in a simple manner by at 20 ° C a defined amount of the sliding or. Enter the release agent, then heat this amount in an open container in the open air at 190 ° C and, after cooling to 20 ° C, determine the weight of the lubricant or release agent again. The difference between the initial and final weight is the loss of mass due to the volatility of the substance examined. It is given in% by weight based on the substance used and should be less than 2.0% by weight for the compounds c) to be used according to the invention. It should be expressly stated in this connection that the limit value given with regard to the volatility of component c) relates to all lubricants and / or release agents contained in the mixture a) to c). This means that in cases where several lubricants or release agents are used as component c), not every single individual lubricant or release agent should be checked for loss of mass by heating to 190 ° C. for 2 hours using the test specified but the mixture of all components used.
In einer bevorzugten Aus ührungs form der vorliegenden Erfindung gilt jedoch, daß beim Einsatz mehrerer Gleit- bzw. Trennmittel als Komponente c) jedes einzelne Gleit- bzw. Trennmittel für sich dem genannte Kriterium hinsichtlich des Masseverlusts beim 1 -stündigem Erhitzen auf 190°C genügen muß. Dabei ist jedoch zu berücksichtigen, daß der hier verwendete Begriff der Einzelkomponente nicht in dem Sinne zu verstehen ist, daß etwa bei Produkten auf Basis natürlicher Rohstoffe wie Fettsäureestern, deren Carbonsäure-Bausteine eine bestimmte C- Ketten- Verteilung aufweisen, jedes einzelne chemisch darin enthaltene Individuum dem genannten Test zu unterwerfen wäre, sondern das technische Produkt, also beispielsweise der C8-22-Fettsäurestearylester, als solches.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, however, it applies that when using multiple lubricants or release agents as component c), each individual lubricant or release agent satisfies the above-mentioned criterion with regard to the loss of mass when heated to 190 ° C. for 1 hour got to. However, it must be taken into account here that the term “individual component” used here is not to be understood in the sense that, for products based on natural raw materials such as fatty acid esters, whose carboxylic acid building blocks have a specific C chain distribution, each contains chemically therein Individual would be subject to the test mentioned, but the technical product, for example the C 8-22 fatty acid stearyl ester , as such.
Komponente c) wird in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform in einer Menge von l - 5 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 2,0 - 3,5 Gew.-% eingesetzt.In a preferred embodiment, component c) is used in an amount of 1-5% by weight and in particular 2.0-3.5% by weight.
Ausdrücklich sei festgestellt, daß als Komponente c) sowohl Gleitmittel, als auch Trennmittel, als auch Gemische von Gleit- und Trennmitteln eingesetzt werden können. Nach dem üblichen Sprachgebrauch des Fachmanns bezeichnet man solche Produkte als Trennmittel, die die Reibungswiderstände überwiegend zwischen Polymerschmelze und Stahloberfläche der bei der formgebenden Verarbeitung eingesetzten Maschine reduzieren; die Reduktion des
Reibungswiderstandes hat zur Folge, daß der Massedruck der Schmelze reduziert wird. Demgegenüber wirken Gleitmittel überwiegend in der Polymerschmelze und setzen die internen Reibungskräfte herab, wodurch die Schmelze auch bei hohen Füllstoffgehalten einen guten plastischen Fluß behält, der für die Ausfüllung des formgebenden Werkzeugs von Bedeutung ist.It should be expressly stated that component c) can be used both as a lubricant and as a release agent, and also as a mixture of lubricants and release agents. According to the usual use of the expert, products are called release agents that reduce the frictional resistance mainly between the polymer melt and the steel surface of the machine used in the shaping process; the reduction of The consequence of frictional resistance is that the melt melt pressure is reduced. In contrast, lubricants predominantly act in the polymer melt and reduce the internal frictional forces, which means that the melt maintains a good plastic flow even at high filler contents, which is important for filling the shaping tool.
In einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung werden als Gleit- bzw. Trennmittel c) bei 20°C feste oder flüssige Calciumsalze und/oder Magnesiumsalze und/oder Aluminiumsalze und/oder Zinksalze eingesetzt, die ausgewählt sind aus cl) Calciumsalzen von gesättigten oder ungesättigten, geradkettigen oder verzweigten Monocarbonsäuren mit 6 bis 36 C- Atomen, c2) Calciumsalzen der unsubstituierten oder mit Cι-4-Alkylresten substituiertenIn one embodiment of the present invention, solid or liquid calcium salts and / or magnesium salts and / or aluminum salts and / or zinc salts selected from cl) calcium salts of saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain are used as lubricants or release agents c) at 20 ° C. or branched monocarboxylic acids having 6 to 36 carbon atoms, c2) calcium salts of the unsubstituted or substituted with C -4 alkyl radicals
Benzoesäure, c3) Zinksalzen von gesättigten oder ungesättigten, geradkettigen oder verzweigten Monocarbonsäuren mit 6 bis 36 C-Atomen, c4) Magnesiumsalzen von gesättigten oder ungesättigten, geradkettigen oder verzweigten Monocarbonsäuren mit 6 bis 36 C-Atomen, c5) Magnesiumsalzen von gesättigten oder ungesättigten Dicarbonsäuren mit 6 bis 10 C-Atomen, c6) Aluminiumsalzen von gesättigten oder ungesättigten, geradkettigen oder verzweigten Monocarbonsäuren mit 6 bis 36 C-Atomen Für die vorstehend genannten Calcium-, Magnesium- und Aluminiumsalze gilt, daß sie sowohl allein als auch in Mischung als Komponente c) eingesetzt werden könnten.Benzoic acid, c3) zinc salts of saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acids with 6 to 36 C atoms, c4) magnesium salts of saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acids with 6 to 36 C atoms, c5) magnesium salts of saturated or unsaturated dicarbons with 6 to 10 C-atoms, c6) aluminum salts of saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched monocarboxylic acids with 6 to 36 C-atoms c) could be used.
Weitere Gleit- bzw. Trennmittel, die alleine oder in Kombination miteinander als Komponente c) eingesetzt werden können, sind die hierfür einschlägig aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Substanzen. Vorzugsweise kommen folgende Verbindungstypen in Frage: Kohlenwasserstoffwachse, die im Temperaturbereich
von 70 bis 130°C schmelzen, oxidierte Polyethylenwachse, freie Fettsäuren mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen und deren verzweigtkettige Isomere, beispielsweise Stearinsäure oder auch Hydroxystearinsäure, α-Olefine, Wachsester, d. h. Ester aus längerkettigen Monocarbonsäuren und Monoalkoholen, primäre und sekundäre, gesättigte und ungesättigte höhere Alkohole mit vorzugsweise 16 bis 44 C-Atomen im Molekül, Ethylendiamindistearat, Montansäureester von Diolen, beispielsweise von Ethandiol, 1,3-Butandiol und Glycerin, Mischungen derartiger Montansäureester mit unveresterten Montansäuren, Partialester aus Fettsäuren mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen und Polyolen mit 2 bis 6 C-Atomen und 2 bis 6 Hydroxylgruppen, die pro Molekül im Durchschnitt mindestens eine freie Polyol- Hydroxylgruppe enthalten. Einsetzbar sind weiterhin die in der DE-C-19 07 768 beschriebenen Mischester mit Hydroxyl- bzw. Säurezahlen im Bereich von 0 bis 6 aus aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen oder aromatschen Dicarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen im Molekül, aliphatischen Polyolen mit 2 bis 6 Hydroxylgruppen im Molekül und aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren mit 12 bis 30 C-Atomen im Molekül. Beispiele hierfür sind Mischester aus Maleinsäure-Pentaerythrit- Behensäure, Mischester aus Adipinsäure-Pentaerythrit-Ölsäure und Mischester aus Adipinsäure-Pentaerythrit-Stearinsäure. Derartige Gleit- oder Trennmittel können im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung sowohl einzeln, als auch in Kombination miteinander, sowie auch in Kombination mit dem oben genannte Calcium-, Magnesium- oder Aluminiumsalzen eingesetzt werden.Other lubricants or release agents which can be used alone or in combination with one another as component c) are the substances known for this purpose from the prior art. The following types of compounds are preferably used: hydrocarbon waxes which are in the temperature range melting from 70 to 130 ° C, oxidized polyethylene waxes, free fatty acids with 8 to 22 C atoms and their branched chain isomers, for example stearic acid or also hydroxystearic acid, α-olefins, wax esters, ie esters from longer-chain monocarboxylic acids and monoalcohols, primary and secondary, saturated and unsaturated higher alcohols with preferably 16 to 44 carbon atoms in the molecule, ethylenediamine distearate, montanic acid esters of diols, for example ethanediol, 1,3-butanediol and glycerol, mixtures of such montanic acid esters with unesterified montanic acids, partial esters of fatty acids with 8 to 22 carbon atoms and polyols with 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, which contain on average at least one free polyol hydroxyl group per molecule. It is also possible to use the mixed esters described in DE-C-19 07 768 with hydroxyl or acid numbers in the range from 0 to 6 made from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 C atoms in the molecule, aliphatic polyols with 2 to 6 Hydroxyl groups in the molecule and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 12 to 30 C atoms in the molecule. Examples include mixed esters of maleic acid-pentaerythritol-behenic acid, mixed esters of adipic acid-pentaerythritol-oleic acid and mixed esters of adipic acid-pentaerythritol-stearic acid. Such lubricants or release agents can be used in the context of the present invention both individually and in combination with one another, and also in combination with the calcium, magnesium or aluminum salts mentioned above.
Es kann gewünscht sein, neben den Komponenten a) bis c) zusätzlich weitere Komponenten einzusetzen. Beispiele hierfür sind: anorganische Zusatzstoffe wie Talkum, Kaolin und dergleichen, kationische Schichtverbindungen, beispielsweise Hydrotalcite oder modifiziete Hydrotalcite, Zeolithe.It may be desirable to use additional components in addition to components a) to c). Examples of these are: inorganic additives such as talc, kaolin and the like, cationic layer compounds, for example hydrotalcites or modified hydrotalcites, zeolites.
Die erfindungs gemäß einzusetzenden Reinigungs-Zusammensetzungen werden in der Regel wie folgt eingesetzt: Im normalen Fahrbetrieb der Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen werden diese Mischungen den
Maschinen, z. B. Extrudern, kontinuierlich zugeführt. Soll nun die Maschine gereinigt werden, so führt man nicht mehr den zu verarbeitenden Kunststoff zu. sondern die erfindungsgemäß einzusetzende Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung. Sobald das Innere der Maschine überwiegend und vorzugsweise vollständig mit der erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung gefüllt ist, der zuvor vorhandene Kunststoff also überwiegend oder vollständig verdrängt ist, entfaltet die erfindungsgemäß einzusetzende Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung ihre volle Wirkung. In dieser Phase wird der Fachmann je nach dem Grad der Verschmutzung der zu reinigenden Maschinenteile Menge und Durchflußgeschwindigkeit der erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Reinigungs- Zusammensetzung entsprechend einstellen.The cleaning compositions to be used according to the invention are generally used as follows: in normal driving operation of the machines for the shaping processing of plastics, these mixtures become the Machines, e.g. B. extruders, fed continuously. If the machine is now to be cleaned, the plastic to be processed is no longer fed. but the cleaning composition to be used according to the invention. As soon as the interior of the machine is predominantly and preferably completely filled with the cleaning composition to be used according to the invention, that is to say the previously present plastic is largely or completely displaced, the cleaning composition to be used according to the invention has its full effect. In this phase, the person skilled in the art will adjust the amount and flow rate of the cleaning composition to be used according to the invention depending on the degree of contamination of the machine parts to be cleaned.
Hinsichtlich der formgebenden Maschinen, in denen die erfmdungs gemäß einzusetzenden Reinigungs-Zusammensetzungen zum Einsatz kommen, bestehen an sich keinerlei Einschränkungen. Von besonderer Bedeutung sind jedoch Extruder, insbesondere die verschiedensten handelsüblichen Ein- und Doppelschneckenextruder, sowie Spritzgußmaschinen. Weiterhin können auch Anbauteile, beispielsweise Düsen und Heißkanäle im eingebauten Zustand gereinigt werden. Die Reinigungs Wirkung tritt weitgehend unabhängig von der Art der verwendeten Kunststoffe ein. So können etwa gefärbte oder transparente Polyolefm-, Polystyrol- oder Acrylnitril/Butadien/Styrol-Verunreinigungen und Polycarbonat in nur kurzen Reinigungszeiten ausgetragen werden. Nach dem Reinigungsvorgang kann sofort das nunmehr zu verarbeitende Material eingefahren werden und der Verarbeitungsprozeß fortgesetzt werden. Eine Demontage von Düsen, Anbauteilen, Schnecken etc. nebst separater Reinigung ist nicht erforderlich. Insbesondere eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Reinigung von Spritzgußapparaturen oder Extrudern, die mit gefärbten oder transparenten Polycarbonaten oder Polymethylmethacrylaten verunreinigt sind.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Verwendung von Mischungen enthaltend a) 20 - 45 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Homo- und/oder Co-Polymere ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Ester der (Meth)acrylsäure mit 1 -wertigen Alkoholen mit 1 - 4 C-With regard to the shaping machines in which the cleaning compositions to be used according to the invention are used, there are no restrictions per se. However, extruders, in particular a wide variety of commercially available single and twin screw extruders, and injection molding machines are of particular importance. Add-on parts such as nozzles and hot runners can also be cleaned when installed. The cleaning effect is largely independent of the type of plastic used. For example, colored or transparent polyolefin, polystyrene or acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene impurities and polycarbonate can be removed in just a short cleaning time. After the cleaning process, the material now to be processed can be run in immediately and the processing process can be continued. Disassembly of nozzles, add-on parts, screws etc. along with separate cleaning is not necessary. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for cleaning injection molding apparatuses or extruders which are contaminated with colored or transparent polycarbonates or polymethyl methacrylates. The present invention furthermore relates to the use of mixtures comprising a) 20-45% by weight of one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers selected from the group of the esters of (meth) acrylic acid with 1-valent alcohols with 1 - 4 C-
Atomen, der Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und der Pfropfpolymere auf Basis der genannten Verbindungen b) 45 - 75 Gew.-% Kreide mit Korngrößen im Bereich von 2 - 150 Mikron und c) 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel mit einer Flüchtigkeit von weniger als 2,0 Gew.-% (Masseverlust bei 2-stündigemAtoms, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and the graft polymers based on the compounds b) 45-75% by weight of chalk with grain sizes in the range of 2-150 microns and c) 0.01-10% by weight of one or more Lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight (loss of mass after 2 hours
Erhitzen in einem offenen Gefäß an der Luft bei 190°C) zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen.Heating in an open container in the air at 190 ° C) for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Reinigungs- Zusammensetzungen zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie enthalten a) 20 - 45 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Homo- und/oder Co-Polymere ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Ester der (Meth)acrylsäure mit 1 -wertigen Alkoholen mit 1 - 4 C-Atomen, der Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und der Pfropfpolymere auf Basis der genannten Verbindungen b) 45 - 75 Gew.-% Kreide mit Korngrößen im Bereich von 2 - 150 Mikron und c) 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel mit einer Flüchtigkeit von weniger als 2,0 Gew.-% (Masseverlust bei 2-stündigemAnother object of the present invention are cleaning compositions for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics, characterized in that they contain a) 20-45% by weight of one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers selected from the group the ester of (meth) acrylic acid with 1-valent alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and the graft polymers based on the compounds b) 45-75% by weight of chalk with particle sizes in the range from 2 150 microns and c) 0.01-10% by weight of one or more lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight (loss of mass after 2 hours
Erhitzen in einem offenen Gefäß an der Luft bei 190°C).
Heat in an open vessel in the open air at 190 ° C).
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen, wobei man die zu reinigenden Teile im Inneren der jeweiligen formgebenden Maschine mit einer Reinigungs-Zusammensetzung in Kontakt bringt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Reinigungs-Zusammensetzungen Mischungen einsetzt enthaltend b) 20 - 45 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Homo- und/oder Co-Polymere ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Ester der (Meth)acrylsäure mit 1 -wertigen Alkoholen mit 1 - 4 C-Atomen, der Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und der Pfropfpolymere auf Basis der genannten Verbindungen b) 45 - 75 Gew.-% Kreide mit Korngrößen im Bereich von 2 - 150 Mikron und c) 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel mit einer Flüchtigkeit von weniger als 2,0 Gew.-% (Masseverlust bei 2-stündigem1. A process for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics, the parts to be cleaned being brought into contact with a cleaning composition inside the respective shaping machine, characterized in that mixtures comprising b) 20 - are used as cleaning compositions. 45% by weight of one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers selected from the group consisting of the esters of (meth) acrylic acid with monohydric alcohols having 1-4 carbon atoms, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and the graft polymers Based on the compounds mentioned b) 45-75% by weight of chalk with grain sizes in the range of 2-150 microns and c) 0.01-10% by weight of one or more lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight (loss of mass after 2 hours
Erhitzen in einem offenen Gefäß an der Luft bei 190°C).Heat in an open vessel in the open air at 190 ° C).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Maschine zur formgebenden Verarbeitung ein Extruder ist.2. The method of claim 1, wherein the molding machine is an extruder.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei mindestens 50 Gew.-% der eingesetzten Kreide b) - bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der eingesetzten Kreide - Korngrößen im Bereich von 20 - 100 Mikron aufweisen.3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein at least 50 wt .-% of the chalk used b) - based on the total amount of chalk used - have grain sizes in the range of 20-100 microns.
4. Verwendung von Mischungen enthaltend a) 20 - 45 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Homo- und/oder Co-Polymere ausgewählt aus
der Gruppe der Ester der (Meth)acrylsäure mit 1 -wertigen Alkoholen mit 1 - 4 C-4. Use of mixtures containing a) 20-45% by weight of one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers selected from the group of esters of (meth) acrylic acid with 1-valent alcohols with 1 - 4 C-
Atomen, der Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und der Pfropφolymere auf Basis der genannten Verbindungen b) 45 - 75 Gew.-% Kreide mit Korngrößen im Bereich von 2 - 150 Mikron und c) 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel mit einer Flüchtigkeit von weniger als 2,0 Gew.-% (Masseverlust bei 2-stündigemAtoms, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and the graft polymers based on the compounds b) 45-75% by weight of chalk with grain sizes in the range of 2-150 microns and c) 0.01-10% by weight of one or more Lubricants and / or release agents with a volatility of less than 2.0% by weight (loss of mass after 2 hours
Erhitzen in einem offenen Gefäß an der Luft bei 190°C) zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen.Heating in an open container in the air at 190 ° C) for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics.
5. Reinigungszusammensetzungen zur Reinigung von Maschinen zur formgebenden Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie enthalten a) 20 - 45 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Homo- und/oder Co-Polymere ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Ester der (Meth)acrylsäure mit 1 -wertigen Alkoholen mit 1 - 4 C-Atomen, der Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere und der Pfropfpolymere auf Basis der genannten Verbindungen b) 45 - 75 Gew.-% Kreide mit Korngrößen im Bereich von 2 - 150 Mikron und c) 0,01 - 10 Gew.-% ein oder mehrere Gleit- und/oder Trennmittel mit einer5. Cleaning compositions for cleaning machines for the shaping processing of plastics, characterized in that they contain a) 20-45% by weight of one or more homopolymers and / or copolymers selected from the group of the esters of (meth) acrylic acid with 1-valent alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and the graft polymers based on the compounds b) 45-75% by weight of chalk with grain sizes in the range from 2 to 150 microns and c) 0 , 01 - 10 wt .-% one or more lubricants and / or release agents with one
Flüchtigkeit von weniger als 2,0 Gew.-% (Masseverlust bei 2-stündigem Erhitzen in einem offenen Gefäß an der Luft bei 190°C).
Volatility of less than 2.0% by weight (loss of mass when heated in an open vessel in the open air at 190 ° C for 2 hours).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU46157/99A AU4615799A (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1999-06-24 | Method for cleaning plastic processing machines |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19829786A DE19829786A1 (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1998-07-03 | method |
| DE19829786.6 | 1998-07-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000001794A1 true WO2000001794A1 (en) | 2000-01-13 |
Family
ID=7872895
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1999/004390 WO2000001794A1 (en) | 1998-07-03 | 1999-06-24 | Method for cleaning plastic processing machines |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU4615799A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19829786A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000001794A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE20020588U1 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2001-05-03 | Henkel Dorus Gmbh & Co Kg | Detergent for cleaning processing units for reactive compounds |
| DE10329122B4 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2006-07-13 | Franz Hartmann | Process for cleaning food-processing machines with perforated discs and cleaning mass for use |
| DE102007015214B4 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2016-08-04 | Evelyne Lieberum | Cleaning composition for plastic processing machines and use thereof |
| PL2105277T3 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2013-05-31 | Granula Polymer Gmbh | Cleaning agent for devices meant for processing or production of plastic, usage of same, method for production and method for cleaning |
| DE102013220893B4 (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2024-01-04 | Ika Innovative Kunststoffaufbereitung Gmbh & Co. Kg | Thermoplastic cleaning compound for thermoplastic processing, process for removing thermoplastic, use of the cleaning compound |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59124999A (en) * | 1983-01-05 | 1984-07-19 | 大日精化工業株式会社 | Detergent composition for molding machine |
| US4838948A (en) * | 1987-07-27 | 1989-06-13 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Process for cleaning polymer processing equipment |
| EP0548422A1 (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-06-30 | MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. | Cleaning molding machines |
| US5236514A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1993-08-17 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Purging composition for cleaning thermoplastic processing equipment |
| WO1995017268A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-29 | Ferro Corporation | Abrasive and purge compositions |
-
1998
- 1998-07-03 DE DE19829786A patent/DE19829786A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-06-24 WO PCT/EP1999/004390 patent/WO2000001794A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-06-24 AU AU46157/99A patent/AU4615799A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59124999A (en) * | 1983-01-05 | 1984-07-19 | 大日精化工業株式会社 | Detergent composition for molding machine |
| US4838948A (en) * | 1987-07-27 | 1989-06-13 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Process for cleaning polymer processing equipment |
| US5236514A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1993-08-17 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Purging composition for cleaning thermoplastic processing equipment |
| EP0548422A1 (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-06-30 | MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. | Cleaning molding machines |
| WO1995017268A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-29 | Ferro Corporation | Abrasive and purge compositions |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 84-215852, XP002116720 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4615799A (en) | 2000-01-24 |
| DE19829786A1 (en) | 2000-01-05 |
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