WO1999040812A1 - Systeme de micro-attache et procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Systeme de micro-attache et procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999040812A1
WO1999040812A1 PCT/US1999/002897 US9902897W WO9940812A1 WO 1999040812 A1 WO1999040812 A1 WO 1999040812A1 US 9902897 W US9902897 W US 9902897W WO 9940812 A1 WO9940812 A1 WO 9940812A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nanotubes
substrate
microfastening
fastening
microfastener
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/002897
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Tomanek
Richard Enbody
Young-Kyun Kwon
Original Assignee
Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University -
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University - filed Critical Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University -
Priority to US09/601,540 priority Critical patent/US7181811B1/en
Priority to EP99908118A priority patent/EP1054607A4/fr
Priority to AU27626/99A priority patent/AU2762699A/en
Publication of WO1999040812A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999040812A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B18/00—Fasteners of the touch-and-close type; Making such fasteners
    • A44B18/0003—Fastener constructions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a micro-fastening system and, more particularly, to a mechanical micro-fastening system employing a plurality of mating nanoscale fastening elements and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • Micro-fastening systems per se are utilized to connect distinct components brought into relative contact by strong bonds which span a gap at the interface and generally are less than one micrometer in size.
  • such microfastening systems have generally been in the form of chemical bonds such as adhesive bonds, welds and coatings.
  • Numerous potential disadvantages associated with employing adhesives and coatings are known such as the irreversible nature of the bonds and the potential for degradation at relatively high temperatures.
  • the micro-fastening system of the present invention employs a plurality of mating nanoscale fastening elements which are obtained by structurally modifying, i.e., functionalizing nanotubes generally and carbon nanotubes particularly.
  • Carbon nanotubes per se consist of a graphite monolayer having the overall shape of a cylinder including an ordered array of hexagonal carbon rings disposed along the cylindrical side walls which may be single or multi-walled as reported in Nature, Vol. 354 (1991 ) pp. 56 - 58 and ibid. Vol. 363 (1993) pp. 603 - 605.
  • the ends of the tubes are often closed by pairs of pentagonal carbon rings.
  • Carbon nanotubes generally range in diameter from one to about 50 nanometers, and may be as long as approximately 0.1 millimeters. While related to carbon fibers, nanotubes are free of atomic scale defects, which accounts for their high tensile strength, as compared to that of the strength of individual graphite layers. Like graphite, carbon nanotubes exhibit sp 2 bonding which gives rise to a relatively high degree of flexibility and resilience. Further, carbon nanotubes are structurally stable nearly up to the melting point of graphite, i.e., up to about 3,500 degrees
  • the cylindrical shape can be modified to include bent portions. While it has been suggested generally that carbon nanotubes can be readily functionalized, it has yet to be reported that carbon nanotubes can be specifically functionalized so as to obtain mating fastening elements as herein described.
  • micro-fastening system of the present invention is the assembly of nano-robots useful for micro-surgical procedures, surface coatings, and attachment of metal contacts to integrated semiconductor devices, by way of non-limiting example.
  • micro-fastening systems described herein relies on the enormous stability of nanotubes, i.e., their large structural rigidity, the high strength of the bonds anchoring tubes in a substrate and a large number of connections possible on a limited surface area.
  • purely mechanical fasteners such as bolts and screws
  • Adhesives are typically weaker than most mechanical fasteners and their strength is strongly diminished at higher temperatures. Welding is not practicable for large interfaces, whereas the fastening system of the present invention may be employed for both large and microscopically small interfaces.
  • the micro- fastening system of the present invention has an effective thickness of the gap at interface as small as a few nanometers.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is that the surface bonds based on the nanotube based micro-fastening system, while extremely strong, may be re-opened and re-closed, i.e., they are reusable, whereas the surface bonds generated by gluing or welding are permanent.
  • the micro- fastening system of the present invention is selectively reversible which is considered to be highly desirable, particularly for self-repair.
  • micro-fastening system of the present invention is that the conductivity of the fastening elements connecting the corresponding substrates may be varied from metallic to insulating, depending largely on the chemical composition, the diameter and chirality of the nanotubes.
  • Figures 1 (a-c) are a series of views demonstrating the representative closure mechanism and forces for a generic micro-fastening system in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • Figures 1 (d-f ) are a series of views demonstrating the representative opening mechanism and forces for a micro-fastening system in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view illustrating a way to define the figure of merit of the micro-fastening system wherein the horizontal axis X represents the separation between the surfaces.
  • Figures 3(a-d) are a series of views demonstrating the representative opening and closure mechanisms and forces for a particular micro-fastening system based on nanotubes functionalized to form a mating hook and loop arrangement in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • Figures 4(a-b) are illustrative of alternative mating nanoscale micro- fastening system elements in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • the micro-fastening system 10 of the present invention comprises a plurality of mating nanoscale fastening elements 12 and 12' manufactured by modifying, i.e., functionalizing nanotubes which are generally linear in nature prior to functionalizing.
  • functionalizing the nanotubes 14 fastening elements are obtained in a variety of non-linear forms such as hooks 16 and loops 18 as illustrated in Figs. 3(a-d) and spirals 20 as illustrated in Fig. 4(b) by way of non-limiting example.
  • the nanotubes employed may be composed of carbon, nitrogen, boron or other elements which give rise to layered honeycomb lattice structures.
  • nanotubes employed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention may be single walled, multi-walled or at least partially multi-walled over the length of the nanotube.
  • present invention will hereinafter generally be described in terms of functionalizing graphitic carbon nanotubes.
  • “functionalizing” graphitic carbon nanotubes it is meant that a specific number of pentagons and heptagons are substituted for hexagons within the nanotube or are added along the open edge(s) of the core nanotube which consists of an ordered array of hexagons.
  • the carbon nanotubes Upon introducing pentagons and heptagons in a predetermined order, the carbon nanotubes will exhibit a locally positive or negative Gaussian curvature that results in a "bend" in the nanotube.
  • the bend of the nanotube can be grown until the desired shape is obtained.
  • a first end 22 of the nanotube 14 may be capped or terminated, e.g., by introducing or forming a fullerene half dome along the end to be terminated.
  • the end of the formed fastening element 12 becomes substantially inert, i.e., non-bonding to other atoms or molecules.
  • a second end 24 of the fastening element which is open, i.e., non- terminated, is bonded to a substrate 26 which may be in the form of various materials including metals, carbon (graphite or diamond), silicon, germanium, polymers and composites of the foregoing, to name a few.
  • Nanotubes may be assisted in their alignment perpendicular to the surface by applying a strong electric field in that direction. This so-called affinity to migrate toward the surface is at least partially due to the low surface tension of the nanotube material. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the tendency for the fastening elements to stand up promulgates mating between corresponding fastening elements.
  • Carbon nanotubes having ordered pairs of pentagons and heptagons may occur spontaneously to a limited extent during synthesis, thus forming hook shaped nanotubes as reported in MRS Bulletin, Vol. 19, No. 11 , pp 43 -
  • transition metals such as Fe and, more preferably, Ni, Co and Y have been shown to promote formation of single wall nanotubes or spiral structures as reported in Science 265, 635 (1994).
  • Curvature of the ends or other portions of relatively straight carbon nanotubes can be also accomplished by employing a template in proximity to a growing nanotube.
  • a horizontally growing nanotube when approaching a vertically positioned nanotube used as a template, has a higher probability to form ordered pairs of C 5 and C 7 carbon rings, i.e., pentagons and heptagons which would cause the former to "wrap around" the latter.
  • specifically functionalized carbon nanotubes 14 useful as fastening elements 12 such as those illustrated in Figs. 4(a-b) can also be prepared without employing catalysts. As shown in Figs.
  • a moderate force F c is required to selectively deform the nanotube and thereby accomplish an interconnection between the first and second fastening elements 12 and 12'.
  • a much larger force F 0 is required to break the interconnection between the fastening elements 12 and 12' of components in contact as demonstrated in Figs. 1 (d- f).
  • the hatched area in Fig. 2 represents the work required to close and reopen the gap and indicates the efficiency of a particular pair of mating nanoscale fastening elements.
  • fastening elements 12 and 12' can be formed into a number of different configurations, certain configurations are considered to be preferred.
  • the opening and closing mechanism is shown in Figs. 1(a-f).
  • Generic fastening elements shown in these figures, contain a substantially triangular shaped head 30. Under this schematic embodiment the angled surfaces 32 and 32' slide past the other as the fastening elements come into contact as they advance toward an interlocked position. This angular orientation of approximately 45° along surfaces 32 and 32' allows for a minimal amount of lateral deflection of the fastening elements during the attachment step.
  • the attachment surfaces 34 and 34' preferably slope downwardly and away from their respective stems 36 and 36' to form an interconnection requiring a relatively high separation force, i.e., I F 0 t»l F C I.
  • Figs. 3(a-d) show one particular embodiment of the micro-fastening system, consisting of hook 16 and loop 18 fastening elements.
  • the hook and loop elements As the hook and loop elements are advanced toward each other, the first end 22 of the hook deflects until there is sufficient clearance to insert into the aperture 40 of the loop element.
  • the hook and loop fastening system requires a relatively high separation force I F 0 F»I F c l to detach the fastening elements as compared to the attachment forces.
  • micro-fastening elements having different shapes can be formed upon the same substrate.
  • alternating rows of specifically shaped fastening elements along a useful substrate is an effective application.
  • microfastening elements of differing configurations can be randomly applied to a substrate, if desired.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de micro-attache, et en particulier, un système de micro-attache mécanique utilisant une pluralité d'éléments d'attache correspondants de l'ordre du nanomètre, ainsi qu'un procédé permettant de fabriquer un système de micro-attache conformément au principe de la présente invention. Les éléments d'attache correspondants de l'ordre du nanomètre sont réalisés par fonctionnalisation de nanotubes présentant un ensemble ordonné d'hexagones, avec des pentagones et des heptagones au niveau de certaines hétérojonctions.
PCT/US1999/002897 1998-02-12 1999-02-11 Systeme de micro-attache et procede de fabrication WO1999040812A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/601,540 US7181811B1 (en) 1998-02-12 1999-02-11 Micro-fastening system and method of manufacture
EP99908118A EP1054607A4 (fr) 1998-02-12 1999-02-11 Systeme de micro-attache et procede de fabrication
AU27626/99A AU2762699A (en) 1998-02-12 1999-02-11 Micro-fastening system and method of manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7446398P 1998-02-12 1998-02-12
US60/074,463 1998-02-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999040812A1 true WO1999040812A1 (fr) 1999-08-19

Family

ID=22119691

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/002897 WO1999040812A1 (fr) 1998-02-12 1999-02-11 Systeme de micro-attache et procede de fabrication

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1054607A4 (fr)
AU (1) AU2762699A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999040812A1 (fr)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1368579A2 (fr) * 2001-03-12 2003-12-10 Yeda Research & Development Company, Ltd. Dispositif a ressort synthetique moleculaire
WO2004000003A2 (fr) * 2002-02-06 2003-12-31 Ut-Battelle, Llc Alignement controle de nanostructures obtenues par croissances catalytique dans un procede de synthese a grande echelle
WO2004094303A3 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2005-01-13 Nanosys Inc Structures, systemes et procedes servant a relier ou joindre ensemble des articles et materiaux, et leurs utilisations
WO2006034696A2 (fr) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-06 Infineon Technologies Ag Couche entre des surfaces limites de differents composants dans des dispositifs a semi-conducteur et procede pour realiser ladite couche
WO2006046014A2 (fr) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-04 North East Wales Institute Of Higher Education Nanostructures
US7074294B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2006-07-11 Nanosys, Inc. Structures, systems and methods for joining articles and materials and uses therefor
WO2006116969A1 (fr) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 Infineon Technologies Ag Structure de conducteurs de forme aplatie pour un composant a semi-conducteur et procede de production de ladite structure
US7162308B2 (en) * 2002-11-26 2007-01-09 Wilson Greatbatch Technologies, Inc. Nanotube coatings for implantable electrodes
US7579077B2 (en) 2003-05-05 2009-08-25 Nanosys, Inc. Nanofiber surfaces for use in enhanced surface area applications
US7974123B2 (en) 2001-03-12 2011-07-05 Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. Method using a synthetic molecular spring device in a system for dynamically controlling a system property and a corresponding system thereof
US7985475B2 (en) 2003-04-28 2011-07-26 Nanosys, Inc. Super-hydrophobic surfaces, methods of their construction and uses therefor
US8025960B2 (en) * 2004-02-02 2011-09-27 Nanosys, Inc. Porous substrates, articles, systems and compositions comprising nanofibers and methods of their use and production
US8540889B1 (en) 2008-11-19 2013-09-24 Nanosys, Inc. Methods of generating liquidphobic surfaces
WO2018191404A1 (fr) * 2017-04-11 2018-10-18 Metis Design Corporation Surfaces nano-modifiées destinées à des systèmes d'adhésion à sec activement réversibles et réutilisables et procédés associés
US10279341B2 (en) 2004-02-02 2019-05-07 Oned Material Llc Porous substrates, articles, systems and compositions comprising nanofibers and methods of their use and production
US10490817B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2019-11-26 Oned Material Llc Nanostructured materials for battery applications
DE102020109939A1 (de) 2020-04-09 2021-10-14 Leibniz-Institut Für Neue Materialien Gemeinnützige Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Formkörper mit strukturierter Oberfläche zur gesteuerten Adhäsion

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US3921258A (en) * 1971-08-13 1975-11-25 Ingrip Fasteners Asymmetrical self-gripping device
US4531733A (en) * 1982-07-06 1985-07-30 Hall Roger E Fastener and base using said fastener
US5464987A (en) * 1992-08-20 1995-11-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Method for constructing a carbon molecule and structures of carbon molecules
US5657516A (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-08-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dual structured fastener elements

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US3879835A (en) * 1972-10-19 1975-04-29 George C Brumlik Method of making multi element self-gripping device having cooperating gripping elements
US5312456A (en) * 1991-01-31 1994-05-17 Carnegie Mellon University Micromechanical barb and method for making the same
US5179499A (en) * 1992-04-14 1993-01-12 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Multi-dimensional precision micro-actuator

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US3921258A (en) * 1971-08-13 1975-11-25 Ingrip Fasteners Asymmetrical self-gripping device
US3889322A (en) * 1971-10-22 1975-06-17 Ingrip Fasteners Multi-element self-gripping device
US4531733A (en) * 1982-07-06 1985-07-30 Hall Roger E Fastener and base using said fastener
US5464987A (en) * 1992-08-20 1995-11-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Method for constructing a carbon molecule and structures of carbon molecules
US5657516A (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-08-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dual structured fastener elements

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Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1368579A4 (fr) * 2001-03-12 2005-08-31 Yeda Res & Dev Dispositif a ressort synthetique moleculaire
US7974123B2 (en) 2001-03-12 2011-07-05 Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. Method using a synthetic molecular spring device in a system for dynamically controlling a system property and a corresponding system thereof
US7830702B2 (en) 2001-03-12 2010-11-09 Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. Synthetic molecular spring device
EP1368579A2 (fr) * 2001-03-12 2003-12-10 Yeda Research & Development Company, Ltd. Dispositif a ressort synthetique moleculaire
US7408186B2 (en) * 2002-02-06 2008-08-05 Ut-Battelle Llc Controlled alignment catalytically grown nanostructures
US6958572B2 (en) 2002-02-06 2005-10-25 Ut-Battelle Llc Controlled non-normal alignment of catalytically grown nanostructures in a large-scale synthesis process
WO2004000003A2 (fr) * 2002-02-06 2003-12-31 Ut-Battelle, Llc Alignement controle de nanostructures obtenues par croissances catalytique dans un procede de synthese a grande echelle
US7947976B2 (en) 2002-02-06 2011-05-24 Ut-Battelle, Llc Controlled alignment of catalytically grown nanostructures in a large-scale synthesis process
WO2004000003A3 (fr) * 2002-02-06 2005-01-06 Ut Battelle Llc Alignement controle de nanostructures obtenues par croissances catalytique dans un procede de synthese a grande echelle
US7245068B2 (en) 2002-02-06 2007-07-17 Ut-Battelle, Llc Apparatus for controlled alignment of catalytically grown nanostructures
US7162308B2 (en) * 2002-11-26 2007-01-09 Wilson Greatbatch Technologies, Inc. Nanotube coatings for implantable electrodes
US7344617B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2008-03-18 Nanosys, Inc. Structures, systems and methods for joining articles and materials and uses therefor
US7651769B2 (en) * 2003-04-17 2010-01-26 Nanosys, Inc. Structures, systems and methods for joining articles and materials and uses therefor
US7074294B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2006-07-11 Nanosys, Inc. Structures, systems and methods for joining articles and materials and uses therefor
JP2006526059A (ja) * 2003-04-17 2006-11-16 ナノシス・インク． 物品及び材料を接合する構造、システム及び方法、並びにその使用法
JP4889484B2 (ja) * 2003-04-17 2012-03-07 ナノシス・インク． 物品を接合する方法
US7056409B2 (en) 2003-04-17 2006-06-06 Nanosys, Inc. Structures, systems and methods for joining articles and materials and uses therefor
TWI382103B (zh) * 2003-04-17 2013-01-11 Nanosys Inc 用於連接物件及材料的構造、系統及方法及其用途
WO2004094303A3 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2005-01-13 Nanosys Inc Structures, systemes et procedes servant a relier ou joindre ensemble des articles et materiaux, et leurs utilisations
AU2004233002B2 (en) * 2003-04-17 2010-04-15 Nanosys, Inc. Structures, systems and methods for joining articles and materials and uses therefor
US7985475B2 (en) 2003-04-28 2011-07-26 Nanosys, Inc. Super-hydrophobic surfaces, methods of their construction and uses therefor
US7579077B2 (en) 2003-05-05 2009-08-25 Nanosys, Inc. Nanofiber surfaces for use in enhanced surface area applications
US10279341B2 (en) 2004-02-02 2019-05-07 Oned Material Llc Porous substrates, articles, systems and compositions comprising nanofibers and methods of their use and production
US8025960B2 (en) * 2004-02-02 2011-09-27 Nanosys, Inc. Porous substrates, articles, systems and compositions comprising nanofibers and methods of their use and production
US7834467B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2010-11-16 Infineon Technologies Ag Layer between interfaces of different components in semiconductor devices
DE102004048201A1 (de) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-13 Infineon Technologies Ag Schicht zwischen Grenzflächen unterschiedlicher Komponenten in Halbleiterbauteilen, sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
WO2006034696A2 (fr) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-06 Infineon Technologies Ag Couche entre des surfaces limites de differents composants dans des dispositifs a semi-conducteur et procede pour realiser ladite couche
DE102004048201B4 (de) * 2004-09-30 2009-05-20 Infineon Technologies Ag Halbleiterbauteil mit Haftvermittlerschicht, sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
WO2006034696A3 (fr) * 2004-09-30 2006-07-06 Infineon Technologies Ag Couche entre des surfaces limites de differents composants dans des dispositifs a semi-conducteur et procede pour realiser ladite couche
WO2006046014A3 (fr) * 2004-10-26 2006-08-03 North East Wales Inst Of Highe Nanostructures
WO2006046014A2 (fr) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-04 North East Wales Institute Of Higher Education Nanostructures
WO2006116969A1 (fr) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 Infineon Technologies Ag Structure de conducteurs de forme aplatie pour un composant a semi-conducteur et procede de production de ladite structure
US7589403B2 (en) 2005-04-29 2009-09-15 Infineon Technologies Ag Lead structure for a semiconductor component and method for producing the same
US8540889B1 (en) 2008-11-19 2013-09-24 Nanosys, Inc. Methods of generating liquidphobic surfaces
US10490817B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2019-11-26 Oned Material Llc Nanostructured materials for battery applications
US11233240B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2022-01-25 Oned Material, Inc. Nanostructured materials for battery applications
US11600821B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2023-03-07 Oned Material, Inc. Nanostructured materials for battery applications
WO2018191404A1 (fr) * 2017-04-11 2018-10-18 Metis Design Corporation Surfaces nano-modifiées destinées à des systèmes d'adhésion à sec activement réversibles et réutilisables et procédés associés
DE102020109939A1 (de) 2020-04-09 2021-10-14 Leibniz-Institut Für Neue Materialien Gemeinnützige Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Formkörper mit strukturierter Oberfläche zur gesteuerten Adhäsion

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Publication number Publication date
EP1054607A1 (fr) 2000-11-29
EP1054607A4 (fr) 2004-02-25
AU2762699A (en) 1999-08-30

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