WO1999032239A1 - Procede et appareil de production de profils lamines a froid a partir d'une tige coulee en continu - Google Patents
Procede et appareil de production de profils lamines a froid a partir d'une tige coulee en continu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999032239A1 WO1999032239A1 PCT/IB1997/001654 IB9701654W WO9932239A1 WO 1999032239 A1 WO1999032239 A1 WO 1999032239A1 IB 9701654 W IB9701654 W IB 9701654W WO 9932239 A1 WO9932239 A1 WO 9932239A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- rolling
- hot
- cold
- bar
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010002 mechanical finishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B3/003—Rolling non-ferrous metals immediately subsequent to continuous casting, i.e. in-line rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/005—Continuous extrusion starting from solid state material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/005—Copper or its alloys
Definitions
- This invention relates to the continuous production of metal rods having a selected cross-sectional shape, where the shape can be achieved with close dimensional tolerances.
- a typical wheel-casting process utilizes a large casting wheel with a peripheral groove into which the metal is introduced through a specially shaped spout emanating from a tundish.
- the tundish is fed with metal from one or more holding and alloying furnaces, and the metal is previously degassed, filtered, and modified in-line and laundered into the tundish with minimum turbulence.
- the casting wheel is hollow and also has cooling sprays internally that spray onto the underside of the peripheral groove-mold.
- the sides of the mold have sprays built onto manifolds and a cooling box is mounted atop the mold to cool the upper side of the mold ⁇ i.e., the belt).
- the top surface of the mold is created by an endless steel or copper belt that is wrapped around the casting wheel.
- the copper belt has better heat conduction characteristics but needs to be replaced more frequently than the steel belt.
- the cooling rates are carefully controlled by the flow rates of the water and pressures of the spray.
- the cooling rates along with the melt superheat, pouring rate and casting wheel speed, control the solidification of the metal or alloy produced.
- the casting wheel is usually made of a special copper alloy for aluminum casting and of steel for copper casting.
- the use of a copper wheel/steel band configuration implies that the upper part of the cast bar is in contact with the belt is hotter (due to lower thermal conductivity of the steel band), and hence the segregating elements tend to accumulate at the top and upper corners of the bar.
- the cast bar usually has square, rectangular, trapezoidal or pentagonal cross- section.
- the bar be scalped before entering into the rolling equipment, to remove the segregation zone which is formed during the continuous casting.
- This scalping process can require rather complex equipment, since the bar is hot (generally around 500°C for aluminum bar) and the scalping is carried out at high bar translation rates (at speeds up to 20 m/min).
- the bar usually has a cross-sectional area ranging from 1000 to 6000 square millimeters.
- the wheel-casting process described above can produce only a limited number of bar shapes. In particular, the side of the bar which is formed at the belt generally must be flat.
- the invention provides a method for producing metal profiles having close dimensional tolerances.
- the method comprises continuously casting a metal bar by wheel-casting, hot-rolling the bar to produce a rod of a different cross- sectional area and shape, and cold-rolling the rod to achieve a selected final profile.
- the invention provides another method for producing metal profiles having close dimensional tolerances.
- This method comprises continuously casting a metal bar by wheel-casting, hot-rolling the bar to produce a rod of a different cross-sectional area and shape, extruding the rod to further change the cross- sectional area and shape, and cold-rolling the extruded rod to achieve a selected final profile.
- the bar may be scalped after casting, and may be heated before hot-rolling.
- the hot-rolling comprises an in-line heat treatment. Heat treatments may also be applied after the hot-rolling step or before or after the cold-rolling step. These heat treatments may comprise aging or solutionizing the rod.
- the rod may be finished by stretching, cutting, machining, or final dimensioning after cold-rolling.
- the rod may comprise aluminum, copper, magnesium, or their alloys. If the rod is aluminum, the hot-rolling may be performed at a temperature of 350°C-600°C, or more preferably of 450°C-550°C.
- the cold- rolling may be performed at a temperature of 25 °C-350 °C for an aluminum rod, and may comprise reducing the cross-sectional area of the rod by an amount less than 70%. Dimensional tolerances of 0.001 mm can be achieved for some alloys. A very large number of final cross-sections can be produced, including circular, notched circular, semicircular, oval, triangular, square, rectangular, cross-shaped, and L- shaped. In a related aspect, the invention comprises metal rod produced by these methods.
- the invention comprises systems for producing metal profiles.
- These systems include a wheel-casting apparatus which produces continuously cast metal bar, a hot-rolling apparatus which transforms the bar into a shaped rod of a different cross-sectional area and shape, and a cold-rolling apparatus which shapes the rod into a selected profile.
- an extrusion apparatus which reshapes the rod produced by the hot rolling mill before it is fed into the cold rolling mill.
- bar refers to an elongated shape whose cross- section is one which can be produced by casting
- the term “rod” refers to an elongated shape whose cross-section can be produced by rolling.
- a “rod” will usually have a curved cross-section ⁇ e.g., circular or oval), especially as it emerges from a hot-rolling apparatus, but the use of the word “rod” does not preclude other cross- sectional shapes such as square, rectangular, or triangular.
- Figure 2 portrays selected rod cross-sections which can be achieved by the methods of the invention
- FIG. 3 portrays a wheel casting machine which can be employed in the practice of the invention
- FIG. 4 portrays a hot-rolling mill which can be employed in the practice of the invention
- Figure 5 portrays a cold-rolling mill which can be employed in the practice of the invention
- Figure 6 portrays a frictional extrusion apparatus which can be employed in some embodiments of the invention
- Figure 7 portrays the cross-section of the aluminum profile described in Example 1.
- the invention comprises a method of producing shaped metal rod to close tolerances starting with liquid metal. Because the standard tooling which is readily available for the practice of this method is typically made of steel, the method is most useful in producing rod composed of metals which have melting points below that of steel, such as aluminum, copper, magnesium, and their alloys. Flow charts illustrating the process steps of the invention are shown in Figures la and lb. In these two
- liquid metal is cast into a bar shape by wheel casting 10.
- this step is accomplished in a continuous manner with closed-loop control over the starting melt conditions, cooling rates in the casting and deformation system, and exit bar temperature.
- the as-cast bar may be scalped 12 to remove any segregated phases, oxides and accumulated debris from the bar top and sides.
- the bar is then hot-rolled 14.
- the hot-rolling step 14 may optionally include pre-heating the bar to a suitable rolling temperature. This step produces a rod of a different cross-sectional area and shape, and preferably reduces or eliminates shrinkage porosity from the casting step. It may be desirable to heat-treat
- the rod is cold-rolled 20 to produce the desired profile shape, in continuous or discrete lengths.
- the cold-rolling 20 can be performed either in-line with the casting 10 and hot-rolling 14 operations, or in a separate line. The latter gives great flexibility in scheduling various alloy casting runs for an industrial plant, and may facilitate cleaning the rod before cold-rolling. The use of separate lines also permits better control of the process and allows different line speeds to be utilized.
- Cold-rolling step 20 produces a rod which exhibits superior mechanical properties, close dimensional tolerances, and can take various complex shapes that normally would require rather complex molds if produced directly by casting.
- Figure 2 illustrates some achievable cross-sectional profiles according to the methods of the invention.
- the rod may be subjected to various finishing processes 24, such as heat-treatment. If the rod is composed of a heat-treatable aluminum alloy, it may be subjected to an aging heat treatment 22 to further improve its mechanical properties. It may also be stretched to straighten it, cut, and/or machined, for example to improve dimensional tolerance.
- the first step is again wheel casting 26 of liquid metal into a bar shape.
- This bar may optionally be scalped 28 to remove any segregated phases, oxides and accumulated debris from the bar top and sides.
- the bar is then hot-rolled 30, and may also be heat-treated 32, for example to solutionize alloying elements.
- the solutionizing step may be combined with the hot- rolling step by careful control of the temperature of the rolls and lubricant.
- the rod is then extruded 34 to change its cross-sectional area and optionally to form a preprofile shape.
- This process usually increases the cross-section of the rod, and preferably comprises frictional extrusion.
- the extrusion step 34 may be performed either in-line with continuous casting 26, or in a separate line. This step may be followed by solutionizing or other heat treatments 36, and possibly also by cutting the rod into lengths 38 for further processing.
- the rod is cold-rolled 40 to produce the desired profile shape, in continuous or discrete lengths.
- the cold- rolling 40 can be performed either in-line with the extrusion operation 34, or in a separate line. If the cold-rolling 40 is performed in a separate line, it is sometimes found convenient to cut the rod 38 before cold- working, but this step may be performed either on continuous or discrete lengths of rod.
- the rod can be subjected to various finishing processes as described above. These can include heat-treatment 42, such as an aging treatment for an aluminum alloy, and various mechanical finishing processes 44 such as cutting, stretching, machining, and final dimensioning.
- heat-treatment 42 such as an aging treatment for an aluminum alloy
- mechanical finishing processes 44 such as cutting, stretching, machining, and final dimensioning.
- the first step of the process of the invention is continuous wheel casting of the metal bar.
- Wheel casting is a technique well-known in the art, and is described in many handbooks, including the ASM Handbook, Vol. 15 (Casting), pages 314-315, which is incorporated herein by reference.
- a typical wheel-casting machine is illustrated in Figure 3. Referring to that drawing, liquid metal is placed in a tundish 50, and deposited through a pouring spout 52 onto a casting wheel 54.
- the wheel is desirably composed of steel, with a copper rim 56, having a central endless groove (not shown).
- a band or belt 58 is held against the rim 56, and travels therewith as the wheel 54 is rotated (clockwise, in the illustrated embodiment).
- the band 58 is usually made of steel, but when producing some difficult-to-cast alloys, it may be found advantageous to make the band out of copper or other materials.
- the band 58 and the groove in the rim 56 together form the mold in which the liquid metal solidifies.
- the band and wheel are cooled by water sprays 60.
- the liquid metal solidifies as it travels with the turning wheel and band, emerging as completed casting 62.
- a typical cross-section of a completed casting is shown in Section A-A.
- an aftercooler 64 may be provided to cool the bar before emergence from the caster.
- the bar may experience significant segregation associated with directional solidification (usually from the wheel 54 to the belt 58). Upon emergence from the wheel caster, it may be scalped to remove some of the segregated material. Usually, the sides of the cast bar which have been in contact with the band 58 are removed in this step, although it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that it may be more advantageous to scalp other areas of the bar in certain casting configurations and alloy systems.
- the milling depth of the scalper is adjustable to accommodate varying segregation depths, which are dependent upon the alloy type. Typical segregation depths are between 1 and 5 mm. At both sides of the bar material from 0.1 up to 3 mm can be removed, as dictated by the needs of the particular embodiment.
- the bar emerges from the caster (and optional milling step) at a relatively high fraction of its melting point, typically on the order of 0.8 T m (surface temperature). It is then continuously hot-rolled.
- a typical hot-rolling mill is illustrated in Figure 4.
- the path of the cast bar is indicated by dashed line 68.
- a typical mill comprises a number of vertical stands 70 and horizontal stands 72.
- the hot-rolling apparatus also frequently includes a cooling unit 74, which guarantees consistent heat-treatment of the hot-rolled rod.
- the profile of the rod may be substantially changed from that of the as-cast bar in this step. While close dimensional tolerances cannot be achieved by hot-rolling (typical tolerances are on the order of 0.2-0.4 mm), the rod can be formed in a preprofile shape similar to the desired final profile. For many final profiles, the most convenient rod shape after the hot-rolling step is an approximately circular cross- section, but many other shapes are possible.
- a low entry temperature to a hot-rolling step can cause excessive load on the roll bearings. If the rod is not sufficiently hot upon exit from the casting (and optional scalping) steps, it may be preheated before entering the rolling mill.
- the entry temperature into the hot-rolling mill should be in the range of 350°C-600°C, and preferably in the range of 450°C-550°C (all temperatures refer to the surface temperature of the bar).
- the rolling mill is usually 10 - 20 stands, and is commonly 2-high (although 3-roll systems are also commercially available) with circular, oval, hexagonal, or triangular milled surfaces that impart shape and dimensions to the rod.
- the rolls may be periodically rotated from stand to stand for edge compensation. It is preferred that the rolling mill be cooled, for example by an emulsion coolant, which may also serve as a lubricant.
- the emulsion coolant acts to avoid overheating of the rolls and sticking of the material to the rolls.
- a thermomechanical heat treatment can be done in line, which guarantees homogeneous and reproducible product properties.
- the rod can be quenched, preferably with water or emulsion oil.
- This process maintains alloying elements in solution, and/or cools the material to a sufficiently low temperature to avoid inhomogeneous properties of the material after coiling. If it is desired to coil the rod for easier handling, this can be done onto roll type (e.g. with horizontal axes) or basket-type twin-drum coilers. After the hot-rolling, the worked rod is cold-rolled. A typical cold-rolling mill which can be used for this step is illustrated in Figure 5. The rod from a continuous casting and hot-rolling line can be transferred in line to a cold-rolling mill or transferred in coils. Profiles with a maximum dimension below 50 mm, and more preferably below 30 mm, can be cold-rolled immediately; larger profiles are preferably subject first to the extrusion process described below.
- the cold rolling mill consists of both driven and non-driven rolling stands.
- the material is taken from vertical coil pay-off unit 80, and passes first through feeding rollers 82 and an inlet device 84. It then encounters non-driven calibration rolls 86.
- the material then reaches driven vertical rolling stand 88 and horizontal rolling stand 90. It passes through a traction/dancer control 92, reaching another set of calibration rolls 94. Four-roll profile rolling stand 96 is driven, and is followed by another set of calibration rolls 98. Finally, the material passes over a swinging tension arm 100 to enter the horizontal spooler 102.
- the first (usually 2 to 4) driven stands 88 and 90 are preferably two-roll rolling stands independently driven to allow a maximum flexibility of reduction per rolling step depending on the complexity of the profile and the type of alloy. The last
- driven stands 96 are preferably four-roll stands, two horizontal and two vertical rolls in the same plane. Typical area reductions in these stands vary from 1% up to 40%, depending on alloy type and profile form, and are preferably in the range of 5%-25%.
- Non-driven two roll stands (usually 4 to 8) are preferably installed in front 86, in between 94 and at the end 98 of the rolling mill and act as calibration stands for subsequent reduction stands. Typical area reductions in these stands vary from 1% up to 15%, and are preferably in the range of 2%-8%.
- the driven stands are preferably lubricated and cooled with an emulsion or oil.
- the flow, pressure, and temperature of the lubricant may be controlled in order to obtain the exact desired deformation temperature in each deformation step and to guarantee the optimal final microstructure of the profiles.
- Each driven and non driven rolling stand is desirably equipped with a motorized roll adjustment system with a digital control system, to guarantee an optimal and reproducible setting of the rolls.
- the speed of the cold rolling mill is typically around 300 m/min, and this speed is practically independent of the profile size or type.
- the rolling mill is preferably equipped with a accurate layer-wound take-up system 102, which enables the profiles to be coiled on wooden or steel spools with a product weight up to 3500 kg or more. For typical aluminum alloy profiles, dimensional tolerances of 0.001 mm are easily achieved, and tolerances as low as 0.0005 mm have been attained.
- a run-out table with automatic flying shear may be installed to produce straight length profiles up to 20 meter unit length.
- a stretching bench may also be installed.
- Some alloys require a heat treatment ⁇ e.g., aging or homogenizing) after the cold rolling which can be done in a separate furnace treatment. Such heat treatment will almost inevitably cause some distortion of the profiles; a final dimensioning step is therefore recommended after heat treatment, in order to maintain dimensional tolerances.
- the continuous cast and hot-rolled rod may be transferred to an extrusion line, where the rod is continuously extruded into larger sections (preferably by frictional extrusion), typically up to 100 mm diameter, or, depending upon the end profile shape, into a shaped pre-profile.
- the hot-rolling shapes the rod into an approximately circular profile, which is the preferred shape for most commercially available extruders.
- a frictional extrusion apparatus is illustrated in Figure 6; this apparatus is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,167,138, incorporated herein by reference.
- the apparatus comprises a wheel 104, a shoe 106, an abutment 108, an extrusion chamber 110, and a die 112. Material enters the extruder at point
- Figure 6 is given for exemplary purposes; other extruders may be used in the practice of the invention.
- the extrusion chamber 110 and heat exchangers 116 may not be necessary for some alloys, and may be eliminated. Extruders which work by processes other than frictional extrusion are also contemplated within the scope of the invention.
- the extrusion line may be either in-line or separate from the hot-rolling line.
- the frictional extrusion apparatus is preferably equipped with a run-out table, including the facilities for controlled cooling ⁇ e.g., by air, forced air, or water) of the extruded profile. This enables the required temper of the material to be obtained, and may also aid in maintaining the temper of the input material after extrusion.
- the extruded profiles may be continuously transferred to the cold-rolling line, where they are further processed into the final product according to the above described techniques.
- Example 1 Aluminum alloy 1350 triangular profile
- Aluminum 1350 alloy whose composition is detailed in Table 1, was cast and formed into a triangular profile using the methods of the invention.
- the alloy was continuously cast into a trapezoidal shape with a cross-sectional area of 3600 mm 2 .
- Hot rolling was then carried out at a temperature of 520 °C, to give the rod a round cross-sectional shape, with a diameter of 18.2 mm ⁇ 0.4 mm.
- the rod was cooled to room temperature before cold rolling.
- Mechanical properties of one length of hot-rolled rod were determined experimentally; the rod had an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 91 N/mm 2 , and an elongation of 18%. Vickers hardness was 25-30.
- the rod was then cold-rolled to achieve the triangular profile depicted in Figure 7.
- the final profile had a height of 12.460 mm and a width of 16.401 mm, with a dimensional tolerance of 0.001 mm.
- the cross-sectional area was 142.8 mm 2 .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé de production en continu ou en discontinu de profils à partir d'une tige de métal non ferreux à des tolérances dimensionnelles proches et le profil ainsi obtenu. Le procédé consiste à couler en continu le métal au moyen d'un équipement de coulée à roue afin d'obtenir une barre façonnée. La barre façonnée peut aussi être écroûtée pour éliminer les impuretés triées. La barre subit ensuite une réduction de sa surface de section transversale et un préfaçonnage par laminage à chaud, de préférence en ligne, afin d'obtenir une tige continue. La barre façonnée est éventuellement préchauffée avant le laminage à chaud. Afin d'obtenir de petits profils en section transversale de manière continue ou discontinue, on peut laminer la tige à froid pour obtenir la forme souhaitée. Afin de produire de grands profils en section transversale, on fait subir à la barre laminée à chaud une extrusion comme étape intermédiaire pour augmenter la surface de section transversale de la tige avant le laminage à froid. La technique d'usinage de métal utilisée de préférence lors de l'étape intermédiaire est le processus d'extrusion par friction, étape pendant laquelle on peut aussi effectuer un préfaçonnage.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB1997/001654 WO1999032239A1 (fr) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Procede et appareil de production de profils lamines a froid a partir d'une tige coulee en continu |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB1997/001654 WO1999032239A1 (fr) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Procede et appareil de production de profils lamines a froid a partir d'une tige coulee en continu |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1999032239A1 true WO1999032239A1 (fr) | 1999-07-01 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/IB1997/001654 WO1999032239A1 (fr) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Procede et appareil de production de profils lamines a froid a partir d'une tige coulee en continu |
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WO (1) | WO1999032239A1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003049887A2 (fr) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-19 | Suraltech, Inc. | Production continue de barres a grand diametre pour la formation de semi-solide |
EP1070896A3 (fr) * | 1999-07-22 | 2003-10-01 | Mapress GmbH & Co. KG | Procédé de fabrication d'un élément d emmanchement par pressage |
US9440272B1 (en) | 2011-02-07 | 2016-09-13 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method for producing aluminum rod and aluminum wire |
CN109496170A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-03-19 | 俄铝工程技术中心有限责任公司 | 组合式轧制挤出方法以及用于执行该方法的装置 |
EP3521479A4 (fr) * | 2016-09-30 | 2020-03-25 | Obshchestvo s Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennost'yu "Obedinennaya Kompaniya Rusal Inzhenerno- Tekhnoloicheskiy Tsentr" | Procédé de production de produits semi-finis déformés à partir d'alliages à base d'aluminium |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1070896A3 (fr) * | 1999-07-22 | 2003-10-01 | Mapress GmbH & Co. KG | Procédé de fabrication d'un élément d emmanchement par pressage |
WO2003049887A2 (fr) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-19 | Suraltech, Inc. | Production continue de barres a grand diametre pour la formation de semi-solide |
WO2003049887A3 (fr) * | 2001-12-13 | 2004-07-22 | Suraltech Inc | Production continue de barres a grand diametre pour la formation de semi-solide |
US9440272B1 (en) | 2011-02-07 | 2016-09-13 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method for producing aluminum rod and aluminum wire |
US10518304B2 (en) | 2011-02-07 | 2019-12-31 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method for producing aluminum rod and aluminum wire |
CN109496170A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-03-19 | 俄铝工程技术中心有限责任公司 | 组合式轧制挤出方法以及用于执行该方法的装置 |
EP3466563A4 (fr) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-10-30 | (Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennost'Yu "Obedinennaya Kompaniya Rusal Inzhen-Erno- Tekhnologicheskiy Tsentr) | Procédé de laminage et de pressage conjoints et dispositif de mise en uvre |
EP3521479A4 (fr) * | 2016-09-30 | 2020-03-25 | Obshchestvo s Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennost'yu "Obedinennaya Kompaniya Rusal Inzhenerno- Tekhnoloicheskiy Tsentr" | Procédé de production de produits semi-finis déformés à partir d'alliages à base d'aluminium |
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