WO1999025056A1 - Machine control systems - Google Patents
Machine control systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999025056A1 WO1999025056A1 PCT/US1998/023945 US9823945W WO9925056A1 WO 1999025056 A1 WO1999025056 A1 WO 1999025056A1 US 9823945 W US9823945 W US 9823945W WO 9925056 A1 WO9925056 A1 WO 9925056A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acceleration
- controlling
- machine
- armature winding
- servo motor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/08—Forming windings by laying conductors into or around core parts
- H02K15/09—Forming windings by laying conductors into or around core parts by laying conductors into slotted rotors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/414—Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller
- G05B19/4141—Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller characterised by a controller or microprocessor per axis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25367—Control of periodic, synchronous and asynchronous, event driven tasks together
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/34—Director, elements to supervisory
- G05B2219/34208—Motion controller
Definitions
- This invention relates to machine control systems generally applicable to the automatic control of manufacturing machines. Aspects of this invention are particularly useful for controlling the operation of machines for manufacturing armatures for dynamoelectric devices, particularly electric motor armatures, and for machines for manufacturing stators for dynamoelelectric devices.
- Control systems for manufacturing machines are typically event driven and, to a lesser extent, driven by timers.
- Event driven control systems commonly initiate an operation following detection of the completion of a prior operation.
- a limit switch may be placed under pressure, or an encoder may indicate that a given rotary position has been reached, whereupon a signal is sent to the machine controller that a certain event has been completed. The controller then initiates the next machine operation.
- An example of machine controls of this type is disclosed in the aforementioned Seitz and Heaton patent no. 4,163,931.
- the Seitz and Heaton patent no. 4,163,931 discusses the ramping up and down, or acceleration and deceleration, of motor speeds used in armature winding machines.
- Machine controllers used in armature winding machines are capable of ramping up and down to or from a given speed with the same ramping slope and time. Armature winding machines often do not need a ramping down slope and time as gradual as the ramping up time. Accordingly, the machine control circuitry commonly used to control armature winders unnecessarily increases the overall manufacturing cycle because of the delays occasioned by the longer than necessary ramp down times.
- the known acceleration and deceleration ramps of the motors used to drive the wire-guiding fliers of armature winders are essentially straight lines, and are necessarily sufficiently gradual to enable a start-up of the fliers without breaking the wires which are wound into coils by the fliers.
- Armature winding machines are usually provided with wire tensioning devices that can be adjusted during each cycle of the operation of the armature winders.
- the aforementioned EXACTROL and EXACTROL-FM brochures describe wire tensioning systems that can be used to control the resistance to movement of wire through a wire dereeler system.
- the tensioning systems use a magnetic brake that can be used to control the resistance to the movements of a dancer arm, such as the dancer arm 30 shown in the aforesaid Banner and Heaton patent no. 5,470,025.
- Changes in tension resulting from the uses of variable tension devices occur in abrupt steps so that the wire is often unavoidably subject to abrupt changes in tensions that can jerk the wire and may occasionally result in wire breakage and consequent machine downtime.
- An object of one aspect of this invention is to provide for flier rotation drive motor and armature or other workpiece indexing drive motor acceleration ramps to follow an S-curve rather than the prior art constant, straight-line acceleration slope.
- a related object is to provide for flier rotation and an armature or other workpiece indexing deceleration ramps to follow an S-curve rather than the constant, straight-line slopes of the prior art.
- An object in another aspect of this invention is to decrease the changes in wire tension experienced by the wires used to form the coils of armature winding machines, and thereby minimize the sudden jerks that such wires are subjected to in conventional armature winding machines.
- an object is to have deceleration ramps of the rotation of the fliers of armature winding machines during the winding of coils which deceleration ramps are adjustably different from their corresponding acceleration ramps.
- an object is to provide a machine control system for a manufacturing machine in which the initiation of a subsequent operation is triggered by a known position in the operating cycle of a precedent operation as determined by a digital signal processor operating in conjunction with the CPU of a machine controller.
- a related object of this invention is to reduce the times needed to complete cycles of manufacturing operations by initiating a subsequent operation as a precedent operating cycle is nearing completion. Precious seconds or fractions of seconds can be saved by the implementation of this object.
- An analogy can be drawn between a relay swimming race and a relay foot race. In a relay swimming race, the first swimmer must touch the wall of the swimming pool before the next swimmer on the same team can jump into the water. This is akin to the event driven machine control. In contrast, in a relay foot race, the second runner runs alongside the first runner so that the second runner is up to speed before the first runner completes the first section of the race. Likewise, it is desired in accordance with this invention that, with regard to any two successive machine operations, when the first operation is nearing, but has not reached, the completion of its operating cycle, the second operation begins its operating cycle.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a machine control system in accordance with this invention used for controlling the operations of the fliers and the armature rotator of an armature winding machine.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a machine control system in accordance with this invention used for controlling the operations of the fliers and the armature rotator of an armature winding machine.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a machine control system in accordance with this invention used for controlling the operations of the fliers and the armature rotator of an armature winding machine.
- FIG. 4 is an elevational view of a wire dereeler for an armature winding machine employing a capstan pulley of the type discussed in the EXACTROL and the EXACTROL-FM brochures.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an S-curve winding velocity profile.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a winding velocity profile having independent acceleration and deceleration ramps with S-curve profiles.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating synchronous parallel sequencing, showing the velocity profile of the operation of a winding machine flier and the point in the velocity profile in which the retraction of a commutator shield is initiated.
- this invention provides S-shaped velocity profiles for the fliers of armature winding machines, such as shown in FIG. 5.
- a motion controller preferably a PMAC-Lite Motion Controller shown on page 2 of the aforesaid Delta Tau Systems brochure, can be used along with an industrial computer.
- Use of an S-curve velocity profile provides advantages in cycle time and can be used to reduce changes in wire tension. Whether or not an S-shaped velocity profile is used, the velocity and position information obtained with the computer and the digital signal processor with feedback as diagrammed in FIG.
- Synchronous parallel sequencing can advantageously be used to control the operations of magnetic brakes or other electrically-responsive devices used to control wire tension in armature winding machines.
- the tension settings can be initiated based on the known velocity, position, and instantaneous acceleration during an operating cycle of a flier drive motor communicated from the digital signal processor to the CPU of the machine controller.
- Tension changes can be made to coincide precisely with the event requiring a tension change rather than following the event.
- FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 Three variations are shown respectively in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
- the system of FIG. 1 includes a Delta Tau Data
- PMAC Systems Programmable Multi-Axis Controller
- DSP digital signal processor
- the Delta-Tau PMAC is used in a command/response mode, hosted by the industrial computer controls package.
- the industrial computer issues motion commands while controlling the sequential functionality of the system.
- the system of FIG. 2 includes a Delta Tau Programmable Multi-Axis Controller (PMAC) digital signal processor (DSP) based servo motion controller and a servo motor with feedback.
- PMAC Delta Tau Programmable Multi-Axis Controller
- DSP digital signal processor
- the Delta Tau PMAC in this embodiment controls both the motion control and sequential functionality of the machine.
- a user interface may be connected to provide diagnostics and user parameter configuration.
- the system includes a servo motor controller, servo motor with feedback, and a programmable logic controller (PLC) based controls package.
- the servo motor controller is used in a command/response mode, hosted by the programmable logic controller (PLC).
- the programmable logic controller (PLC) issues motion commands while controlling the sequential functionality of the system.
- S -Curve acceleration and deceleration control of the flier arms during the armature winding process can be accomplished by implementing one of the hardware profiles shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
- the motion profile is then programmed so that some or all of the acceleration phase of the wind utilizes an S , by using the Delta-Tau Programmable Multi-Axis Controller (PMAC) TS instruction ( Set S-Curve Acceleration Time instruction) .
- PMAC Delta-Tau Programmable Multi-Axis Controller
- This Example 1 illustrates a parameterized winding program, which incorporates the use of S curve acceleration and deceleration.
- the parameters entered include 75 turns with a peak velocity of 3500 RPM, using an acceleration and deceleration time of 750 milliseconds, with 375 milliseconds at both the beginning and end of the total acceleration time.
- a winding velocity profile is obtained in which the acceleration and deceleration is S-shaped and completely smooth.
- the result is a reduction in the instantaneous forces on the wire during the acceleration and deceleration phase of the wind. These forces occur primarily due to the acceleration, which is the rate change of velocity per unit time (1st derivative of velocity) , and impulse, which is the rate change of acceleration per unit time (2nd derivative of velocity) .
- S-curve acceleration and deceleration control of the flier arms during the armature winding process need not be the same magnitude. In many cases it is desired to have a fairly large acceleration time to reduce the negative effects on the wire, as described above. These negative effects are minimal during the deceleration phase of the wind, since the forces added by velocity, acceleration, and impulse are typically negative rather than positive in magnitude. Conventional control system applications do not permit the deceleration phase to be independent from the acceleration phase, thus adding to the wind time. Implementing one of the hardware profiles shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, which allow either independent programming of the acceleration and deceleration values or program control of the motor profile to the extent to which the desired profile may be created.
- Example 2 uses the Delta-Tau Programmable Multi-Axis Controller (PMAC) "PVT" instruction ("Set Position-Velocity-Time mode” instruction) , incorporating a parameterized winding program which separates acceleration and deceleration times.
- the parameters entered include 75 turns with a peak velocity of 3500 RPM, using an acceleration and deceleration time of 750 milliseconds, with 375 milliseconds at both the beginning and end of the total acceleration time.
- the winding profile of FIG. 6 this represents a winding velocity profile in which the acceleration ramp, designated 12, is independent of the deceleration ramp, designated 14, and both ramps are completely smooth.
- Integrating the velocity profile results in the distance traveled by the fliers or the workpiece at any given point during the cycles of operation of their respective drive motors. This is essentially the area under the velocity curve.
- Synchronous parallel sequencing eliminates this time loss by advancing the next operation in the machine sequence (at the arrow) before the total motion is complete.
- the shield is fired retracted since it is the next sequential operation.
- the Delta-Tau Programmable Multi-Axis Controller (PMAC) "P" instruction ("Report motor position” instruction) is continuously executed during the wind to read the flier motor position.
- the corresponding commutator shield outputs are fired in order to start the shield retracting.
- the commutator shield is already on its way retracted, exposing a commutator tang as required to hook the next coil lead - the next step in the winding process.
- signal based motion controllers other than the Delta Tau Data Systems PMAC controllers may be used in the practice of this invention.
- the synchronous parallel sequencing method can be used for controlling essentially every type of manufacturing machine that undergoes different sequential operating steps. Thus the operation of lathes and a wide variety of other manufacturing machines can be improved by the application of synchronous parallel sequencing.
- the "S"-curve acceleration and deceleration ramps are preferred, it will be recognized that other ramp configurations could be used when controlling a motor to obtain independent acceleration and deceleration or synchronous parallel sequencing in accordance with this invention.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002309645A CA2309645A1 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 1998-11-10 | Machine control systems |
EP98957767A EP1031179A1 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 1998-11-10 | Machine control systems |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US6500797P | 1997-11-10 | 1997-11-10 | |
US60/065,007 | 1997-11-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999025056A1 true WO1999025056A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
Family
ID=22059725
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/023945 WO1999025056A1 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 1998-11-10 | Machine control systems |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1031179A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2309645A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999025056A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101954538A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-26 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Chip frame transmission control device of ultrasonic aluminum wire welding press |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101776886A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-07-14 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Power battery pole piece numerical control laser cutting control system |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5434489A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-07-18 | Fanuc Robotics North America, Inc. | Method and system for path planning in cartesian space |
US5484114A (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1996-01-16 | Axis Usa, Inc. | Programmably controlled armature winding methods |
-
1998
- 1998-11-10 EP EP98957767A patent/EP1031179A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-11-10 CA CA002309645A patent/CA2309645A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-11-10 WO PCT/US1998/023945 patent/WO1999025056A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5484114A (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1996-01-16 | Axis Usa, Inc. | Programmably controlled armature winding methods |
US5434489A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-07-18 | Fanuc Robotics North America, Inc. | Method and system for path planning in cartesian space |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101954538A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-26 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Chip frame transmission control device of ultrasonic aluminum wire welding press |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1031179A1 (en) | 2000-08-30 |
CA2309645A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20070040529A1 (en) | Stepping motor control system and method for controlling a stepping motor using closed and open loop controls | |
JP2927949B2 (en) | Injection molding machine with brushless DC drive system | |
CN100453237C (en) | Welding system and consumable electrode welding method | |
US3878445A (en) | A. C. motor control apparatus and method | |
JP3177601B2 (en) | Numerical control unit | |
WO1999025056A1 (en) | Machine control systems | |
US4536691A (en) | Method of controlling a stepping motor | |
JPH06285701A (en) | Nc lathe turning device | |
US6157150A (en) | Brushless sensorless DC motor assembly with precisely controllable positioning | |
US8344681B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for minimizing undesirable stepper motor rotor motions | |
US4631457A (en) | Method of leading a moving body driven by a direct current brushless motor to a starting position | |
EP0776082B1 (en) | Method of powering an electrical circuit | |
US20040021435A1 (en) | DC brushless motor control apparatus | |
EP1339164B1 (en) | Method and device of driving a synchronous motor | |
EP1443637B1 (en) | Controller | |
JPH05161396A (en) | Driving method for stepping motor | |
US7228294B2 (en) | Electronic cam device and method of preparing cam data in electronic cam device | |
US7405525B2 (en) | Method for the control of an electric machine and/or device for the control thereof | |
JPS60122413A (en) | Step feed actuator device | |
JP2002247886A (en) | Control method of linear motor | |
US5055753A (en) | Programmable servomotor coil winder | |
JP2004180399A (en) | Method of driving motor in thread winder | |
JP7296620B2 (en) | Drive controller for stepping motor | |
JP3115889B2 (en) | Linear actuator | |
CN103178759A (en) | Hall-free method for starting servo motor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CA |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2309645 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2309645 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1998957767 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1998957767 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1998957767 Country of ref document: EP |