WO1999020358A1 - Golf club head with improved energy transfer and vibration dampening - Google Patents
Golf club head with improved energy transfer and vibration dampening Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999020358A1 WO1999020358A1 PCT/US1998/022305 US9822305W WO9920358A1 WO 1999020358 A1 WO1999020358 A1 WO 1999020358A1 US 9822305 W US9822305 W US 9822305W WO 9920358 A1 WO9920358 A1 WO 9920358A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- club head
- golf club
- shape memory
- memory alloy
- striking face
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
- A63B53/047—Heads iron-type
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
- A63B53/0416—Heads having an impact surface provided by a face insert
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
- A63B53/045—Strengthening ribs
- A63B53/0454—Strengthening ribs on the rear surface of the impact face plate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
- A63B53/0458—Heads with non-uniform thickness of the impact face plate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
- A63B53/0466—Heads wood-type
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/54—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like with means for damping vibrations
Definitions
- This invention relates to golf club heads, and more particularly, to a golf club head having improved energy transfer and vibration dampening. Background of the Invention
- the present invention provides a golf club head that reduces vibrational energy transmitted to the user from ball impact, and increases energy transfer to the ball, thereby increasing ball distance.
- shape memory alloy includes alloys with elements selected from the group comprising: Ni, Ag, Au, Cd, In, Ga, Mn, Cr, Co, C, N, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, Zn, Nb, Cu, Fe, Pt, Al, and Ti.
- the shape memory alloy would preferably have superelastic (reversible strain) properties and preferably be able to exhibit stress-induced martensitic phase transformations.
- the shape memory alloy may be selected and subjected to a heat processing treatment such that it is in the martensitic phase at a desired range of temperatures, in which it is believed the shape memory alloy will be used.
- a device made of shape memory alloy exhibits superelastic properties when used in the selected range of temperatures, omitting the need to pre- stress the shape memory alloy elements
- golf clubs provided in accordance with the present invention may be made to conform to selected performance requirements, for example, regulations of a professional golf association such as the USGA
- elements of the golf club head made from shape memory alloy preferably include the striking face, a perimeter or body of the club head surrounding the striking face, an attachment to a back surface of the striking face, an attachment to the perimeter or body of the club head surrounding the striking face, and the portion of the club head surrounding and making contact with the shaft of the golf club, known as a hosel
- an insert formed of shape memory alloy is positioned between an inner surface of a striking face of the club, and a club head enclosure
- the insert extends around a perimeter of the inner surface of the striking face, and may be configured in different manners
- the insert may be solid, grooved, or formed from a length of shape memory alloy hollow tubing
- an inner region of the club head enclosure defines a perimeter adjacent an inner surface of the striking face.
- a plurality of inserts formed from a shape memory alloy are provided in the inner region of the club head enclosure along the perimeter
- the striking face of the golf club head is made of a shape memory alloy.
- the golf club head further includes a plurality offeree loading point members or a force loading edge positioned within the club head enclosure, adjacent the inner surface of the striking face.
- an insert made of shape memory alloy is coupled to the inner surface of the striking face.
- the insert comprises a plurality of shape memory alloy wires or lengths of shape memory alloy hollow tubing, extending across the inner surface of the striking face.
- the insert comprises at least one piece of shape memory alloy having a selected shape, thickness, and size, attached to the inner surface of the striking face.
- FIGURE 1 is a partial cross-sectional front isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 2 is a top isometric view of the golf club head of FIGURE 1
- FIGURE 3 is a partial cross-sectional elevational view of a golf club head provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 4 is a partial cross-sectional front isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 5 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 6 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 7 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 8 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 9 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 10 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 11 is a side elevational view of the golf club head illustrated in FIGURE 10;
- FIGURE 12 is a side elevational view of an alternative embodiment of a golf club head provided in accordance with the present invention
- FIGURE 13 is a front isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with the present invention
- FIGURE 14 is a partially broken away front isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 15 is a top plan view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 16 is a top plan view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 17 is a front elevational view of the golf club head illustrated in FIGURE 16;
- FIGURE 18 is a top plan view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 19 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 20 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 21 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 22 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 23 is a partial cross-sectional isometric view of a golf club head provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
- a golf club head that reduces vibrational energy transmitted to the user from ball impact and increases energy transfer to the ball on impact is provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the dampening and energy transfer performance of the golf club head is optimized by providing a golf club head having one or more segments made of shape memory alloy.
- the entire golf club head is made of shape memory alloy.
- the elements made of shape memory alloy (SMA) include alloys with elements selected from the group comprising: Ni, Ag, Au, Cd, In, Ga, Mn, Cr, Co, C, N, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb, Zn, Nb, Cu, Fe, Pt, Al, and Ti.
- the shape memory alloy has superelastic (reversible strain) properties, and preferably is able to exhibit stress-induced martensitic phase transformations.
- the SMA may be selected and subjected to a heat processing treatment such that it is in the martensitic phase at a desired range of temperatures, in which it is believed the SMA will be used.
- a device made of SMA exhibits superelastic properties when used in the selected range of temperatures, omitting the need to pre-stress the SMA elements.
- the shape memory alloy is Nitinol. Nitinol is a known SMA of nickel and titanium.
- a golf club head 10 has a striking face 11 integrally formed with a club head enclosure 14 forming a hosel 33 and rear perimeter body 34.
- the striking face has an outer surface 12 and an inner surface 13.
- An insert 15 is positioned between the inner surface 13 of the striking face 11 and the club head enclosure 14.
- the insert 15 extends around a perimeter of the inner surface of the striking face, and is formed from a shape memory alloy, as described and discussed above.
- the insert made of shape memory alloy is in effect sandwiched between the striking face 11 and the rear perimeter body 34 of the club head enclosure 14.
- the insert 15 tapers in a longitudinal direction, to aid in assembly of the club.
- the SMA insert is in direct contact with the inner surface 13 of the striking face, thereby facilitating the dampening of vibration and transfer of energy when the outer surface of the striking face contacts a golf ball.
- the insert 15 may be formed in various manners.
- the insert 15 is provided with a groove 16 extending into the insert from an inner surface 17 of the insert.
- the groove may have various cross-sectional shapes, for example, square, v-shaped and u-shaped, among others.
- the radius, angle, width and depth of the groove may be varied, depending on the design of the club head in which it is inserted.
- the insert 15 may also be solid.
- the insert is formed from a length of shape memory alloy hollow tubing 18.
- a length of solid SMA wire may be positioned around the perimeter of the inner surface of the striking face.
- the length of SMA hollow tubing or solid rod can also be segmented to partially surround the perimeter of the inner surface.
- the insert 15 is positioned against the inner surface of the striking face.
- the insert 15 may also have a selected depth.
- the insert 15 may have a sufficient depth such that an outer edge 19 of the insert 15 is co-extensive with an outer edge 20 of the striking face 11.
- the insert may have a smaller depth as illustrated in FIGURES 5 and 6, and may have a selected cross section.
- the insert 15 has a substantially square cross section as illustrated in FIGURE 6, and a substantially triangular cross section, as illustrated in FIGURE 7.
- the insert may have any selected depth and cross section, e.g., V-shaped, elliptical and semicircular.
- the insert 15 may be positioned within a golf club 35 having a large club head enclosure, commonly referred to as a "wood,” as illustrated in FIGURE 3.
- the club head enclosure 14 includes an inner region 21 that defines a perimeter adjacent the inner surface 13 of the striking face 11.
- a plurality of inserts formed from a shape memory alloy are provided in the inner region 21 of the club head enclosure, along the perimeter.
- the inserts may be of varying geometry, size, and spacing, and may be solid or hollow.
- the inserts 22 are substantially cylindrical.
- the inserts 23 are substantially rectangular.
- the striking face 11 is made of a shape memory alloy, as discussed and described previously. Although a variety of SMAs may be used, in a preferred embodiment, the striking face 11 is made of Nitinol.
- an inner region 24 of the club head enclosure 14 is formed into a force loading edge 25 which defines a perimeter adjacent the inner surface and that is in contact with the inner surface of the striking face.
- this inner region 24 of the club head enclosure may be formed from a shape memory alloy and supported by a rear perimeter body 34 coupled to the inner region 24 with connecting pins 36.
- Rear perimeter body 34 provides stiffness to the golf club head, to selectively minimize deflection.
- the edge 25 acts to concentrate impact forces against the face, thereby facilitating the phase transformation of the SMA. As a result, energy transfer to the ball by the striking face is increased, thereby increasing the distance the ball travels when hit.
- the force loading edge 27 is provided on an insert 28 positioned within the club head enclosure 14, as illustrated in FIGURE 14.
- the force loading edge may have any selected cross section, in a preferred embodiment, it has a triangular cross section. As best seen in FIGURE 15, the force loading edge 27 is in direct contact with the striking face 11 made of SMA.
- a plurality of force loading point members 26 are coupled to the club head enclosure 14 via point supports 39 and positioned to contact the inner surface 13 of striking face 11, as seen in FIGURES 16 and 17.
- the force loading point members 26 are cylindrical members having a frustoconical tip positioned against the inner surface of the SMA striking face, as illustrated in FIGURE 18.
- the force loading points or edges are preferably formed from a rigid and hard material such as metal, ceramic, diamond, or metal matrix composite.
- the force loading point support is preferably a rigid material made of metal, carbon composite, or metal matrix composite. To reduce cost and weight, the force loading point or edge support is preferably made of metal or carbon composite.
- the striking face 11 may be formed of a plurality of SMA wires 29 formed integrally with another material such as a metal, polymer and composite, for example, metal matrix composite, polymer matrix composite, or ceramic matrix composite.
- a plurality of SMA wires a plurality of lengths of SMA hollow tubing may be formed in a metal, polymer, and composite striking face.
- the number of shape memory alloy elements, as well as the spacing, diameter, and angle in the metal, polymer, and composite may be varied to achieve selected results.
- the golf club head 10 includes a striking face 11, a club head enclosure 14, and at least one insert made of shape memory alloy and coupled to the inner surface 13 of the striking face.
- the SMA insert may take various forms and orientations, in a preferred embodiment, a plurality of SMA rods or bars 30 extend across the inner surface of the striking face, the SMA wires being coupled to the club head enclosure 14.
- the SMA wires may be oriented substantially horizontally, as illustrated in FIGURE 20, or substantially vertically, as illustrated in FIGURE 21.
- SMA hollow tubing may be used Again, the number of SMA rods, bars or hollow tubes, the spacing and angular orientation and diameter may be varied, depending on the relevant club design.
- At least one or more pieces of SMA are attached directly to the inner surface of the striking face, as illustrated in FIGURES 22 and 23.
- a second insert or piece 32 of SMA may be coupled to an inner surface of a first piece 31 of SMA, which in turn is coupled to the inner surface of the striking face.
- the pieces or medallions of SMA may have various configurations, sizes, and thickness, depending on the desired results.
- the inserts may be formed from braided or woven SMA mesh, or may comprise a thin sheet or film of SMA.
- Portions of the golf club head not formed of SMA may be made of any conventional material, for example, metal, a polymer (thermoplastic or thermosetting), ceramic, metal matrix composite (metallic matrix with metal, ceramic, carbon, graphite, glass, or polymeric fiber reinforcement), a polymer matrix (thermoplastic or thermosetting) composite (with metal, ceramic, carbon, graphite, glass, or polymeric fiber reinforcement), or a ceramic matrix composite (ceramic matrix with metal, ceramic, carbon, graphite, glass, or polymeric fiber reinforcement).
- metal a polymer (thermoplastic or thermosetting)
- ceramic ceramic matrix composite
- Such other material would preferably contact the SMA by being alloyed, bonded, laminated, physically mixed, molded, or processed (such as in a metal, polymer or ceramic matrix composite) with the shape memory alloy.
- the shape memory alloy would preferably consist of, but not be limited, to the following physical forms: discrete particles; wire or fiber forms; sheet or film forms; small, hollow tubing of various cross-sectional geometries; and woven or braided forms made from the wire or fiber forms.
- a golf club head provided in accordance with the present invention has the ability to dampen vibrational energy created upon impact with the ball due to the highly efficient damping capability of the SMA present in the head's construction.
- the damping capability is achieved by the stress-induced phase transformation of the alloy upon ball impact.
- the SMA may be selected and subjected to a heat processing treatment such that it is in the martensitic phase at a desired range of temperatures, in which it is believed the device will be used.
- the elements made of SMA exhibit superelastic properties when used in the selected range of temperatures, regardless of whether they are subjected to stress, for example, that generated by ball impact
- the use of an SMA that is in an initial martensitic phase is particularly appropriate in applications where the SMA element is not in direct contact with the inner surface of the club head, for example, as illustrated in FIGURE 8, or in those cases where a thickness of the SMA element makes it unlikely to flex
- the use of an SMA has the ability to dampen vibrational energy up to 20 times more efficiently than elastomeric materials per equivalent volumes.
- the SMA performs work during strain recovery during unloading of the stress created at ball impact More particularly, the impact stress of the ball striking the SMA face of the club induces a solid-solid, reversible, diffusionless transformation in the SMA from the relatively stiffer austenitic phase to the relatively ductile, superelastic martensitic phase This property affects reversible strain (deflection) of the club head face As the stress is relieved upon the SMA striking face of the club head during rebound of the ball, the superelastic phase (martensitic) is transformed reversibly to the original, stiffer phase (austenitic) of the alloy.
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU13625/99A AU1362599A (en) | 1997-10-20 | 1998-10-20 | Golf club head with improved energy transfer and vibration dampening |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US6258597P | 1997-10-20 | 1997-10-20 | |
US60/062,585 | 1997-10-20 | ||
US9738598P | 1998-08-21 | 1998-08-21 | |
US60/097,385 | 1998-08-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1999020358A1 true WO1999020358A1 (en) | 1999-04-29 |
Family
ID=26742445
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/022305 WO1999020358A1 (en) | 1997-10-20 | 1998-10-20 | Golf club head with improved energy transfer and vibration dampening |
Country Status (2)
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AU (1) | AU1362599A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999020358A1 (en) |
Cited By (59)
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WO2007039271A3 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-05-31 | Acandis Gmbh & Co Kg | Damping apparatus, use of a shape memory alloy and method for changing damping characteristics |
US7591735B2 (en) | 2005-12-05 | 2009-09-22 | Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. | Golf club head |
US7597633B2 (en) | 2005-12-05 | 2009-10-06 | Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. | Golf club head |
US7611423B2 (en) | 2005-12-05 | 2009-11-03 | Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. | Golf club head |
US7621822B2 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2009-11-24 | Acushnet Company | Iron golf club with improved mass properties and vibration damping |
US7637823B2 (en) | 2005-12-05 | 2009-12-29 | Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd | Golf club head |
US7686707B2 (en) | 2005-12-05 | 2010-03-30 | Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. | Golf club head |
US20100261540A1 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2010-10-14 | Cobra Golf, Incorporated | Multi-material golf club head |
US7819757B2 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2010-10-26 | Cobra Golf, Inc. | Multi-material golf club head |
US7896753B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2011-03-01 | Nike, Inc. | Wrapping element for a golf club |
US7914393B2 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2011-03-29 | Cobra Golf, Inc. | Golf club head with sound tuning |
US8126687B2 (en) | 2005-12-26 | 2012-02-28 | Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. | Method of identifying an antinode of a primary vibration mode of a golf club head |
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WO2013049304A1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | Nike International Ltd. | Golf club heads or other ball striking devices having distributed impact response and a stiffened face plate |
US20130137533A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-05-30 | Nike, Inc. | Golf Club Head Or Other Ball Striking Device Utilizing Energy Transfer |
US20130225316A1 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-08-29 | Karsten Manufacturing Corporation | Reinforced Faces of Club Heads and Related Methods |
US20140073450A1 (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-03-13 | Acushnet Company | Co-forged golf club head and method of manufacture |
US8951144B2 (en) | 2006-09-01 | 2015-02-10 | Cobra Golf Incorporated | Colorized damping indicators for customized golf club heads |
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