WO1999011990A1 - Low-temperature air separation installation - Google Patents

Low-temperature air separation installation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999011990A1
WO1999011990A1 PCT/EP1998/005181 EP9805181W WO9911990A1 WO 1999011990 A1 WO1999011990 A1 WO 1999011990A1 EP 9805181 W EP9805181 W EP 9805181W WO 9911990 A1 WO9911990 A1 WO 9911990A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rectification column
heat exchanger
insulating jacket
space
oxygen
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1998/005181
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus-Peter Walter
Bernd Holling
Theo Sentis
Original Assignee
Messer Griesheim Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Griesheim Gmbh filed Critical Messer Griesheim Gmbh
Priority to EP98948835A priority Critical patent/EP1015828A1/en
Publication of WO1999011990A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999011990A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04945—Details of internal structure; insulation and housing of the cold box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/0489—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the air fractionation unit, in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for the low-temperature separation of air, with at least one rectification column, which is connected to an air line for supplying separation air, to a nitrogen line to withdraw a nitrogen fraction, to an oxygen line to withdraw an oxygen fraction, and is surrounded by at least one insulating jacket, one limited evacuated isolation space through which the cables are led to the rectification column.
  • Plants for the low-temperature separation of air essentially consist of one or more rectification columns, the function of which is to break down the air, which has been cooled down to approx. Minus 170 ° C, into its components.
  • the dismantling can take place in a rectification column.
  • the oxygen-rich fraction is drawn off liquid in the bottom of the column and evaporated in the condenser.
  • gaseous pure nitrogen is removed to obtain it as a product and a second part is liquefied in the condenser.
  • liquid nitrogen is fed into the column from a storage tank.
  • the storage tank is fed with liquid nitrogen from an external source.
  • Storage tank and rectification column are arranged side by side.
  • the storage tank for liquid nitrogen is insulated by a vacuum container which surrounds the outer shell of the storage container and the insulation space formed between the inner and outer container is evacuated.
  • the rectification column is usually installed in a sheet metal jacket, after which the space left is filled with insulating material.
  • Rectification column negatively affected with regard to the process flow.
  • the components arranged in the inner container, including the rectification column, are not isolated.
  • the invention has for its object a system for
  • This object is achieved in that at least the rectification column is arranged in the evacuated isolation space.
  • the invention enables a much better heat balance of the air separation plant, since the rectification column is surrounded by an evacuated isolation space, which vacuum-insulates the different temperature gradients of the rectification column and the components connected to the rectification column and the components arranged in the isolation space.
  • the vacuum on the one hand prevents the heat flow from the environment into the isolation room and on the other hand prevents the heat flow through conduction from the higher temperature components to the lower temperature components within the isolation room.
  • the vacuum insulation keeps the cold losses through environmental and process influences very small. Due to the storage container for the cryogenic liquefied gas located next to the "cold box", there is one simple adaptation of the required cryogenic liquefied gas quantity to the process parameters of the respective plant for the low-temperature separation of air possible.
  • the isolation space is filled with an insulating material, which is preferably pearlite with a bulk density between 40 to 80 kg / m 3 .
  • an insulating material which is preferably pearlite with a bulk density between 40 to 80 kg / m 3 .
  • the thermal conductivity of the perlite in a vacuum is approximately> 0.002 W / mk at minus 170 ° C.
  • the rectification column is arranged in the powder vacuum-insulated isolation space.
  • the powder-vacuum-insulated isolation room isolates the individual temperature ranges which arise due to the process, also within the isolation room, in such a way that heat flow is excluded.
  • the rectification column has an approximately 6 ° C lower temperature, namely -176 ° C, in its top area due to the physically determined boiling temperatures of the cryogenic liquids than in its bottom area.
  • the temperatures necessary for the process sequence do not influence one another.
  • the amount of cold to be generated can be significantly reduced by the insulation.
  • FIG. 1 For example the heat exchanger in which the decomposition air is cooled against product flows, or also regulating and control fittings or further columns.
  • An optimized heat balance of the heat exchanger can be achieved within the insulation space by placing the heat exchanger on the side into which the decomposition air entering and leaving the product streams, which is at a temperature level of approximately plus 10 ° C, inclined towards the insulating jacket and thus located in the immediate vicinity of the warmer insulating jacket, while the separation air outlet and the product stream inlet are located near the rectification column, so that the side of the heat exchanger lying at a temperature level of approximately minus 170 ° C is inclined to the rectification column lying at approximately the same or similar temperature level. Due to this arrangement, which takes into account the temperature gradients of the heat exchanger, with regard to the temperature distribution in the vacuum- or powder-vacuum-insulated insulation space, the heat balance of the system is due to the insulation and the
  • control valve for example the valve arranged in the oxygen-rich liquid fraction
  • the control valve can be arranged within the isolation room without having to do without an adjustment from outside the "cold box". This prevents further cold losses.
  • Rectification column and heat exchanger are advantageously clamped in the insulating jacket via flexible or elastic rope-shaped elements, such as ropes, chains and the like. Only the forces occurring perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rectification column are absorbed by bearings which are attached to the insulating jacket. The rope tensioning is next to a simpler one
  • Alignment of the rectification column for example, with respect to the other components, such as pipes and the like, can further improve the heat balance of the system, since only the bearings conduct heat via the insulating jacket allow.
  • the bearings are arranged between the bearing and the inner surface of the insulating jacket as intermediate layers by means of insulating materials, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic GRP.
  • the rope tension absorbs the thermal tension in the hot and cold condition of the system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment for the arrangement of the heat exchanger
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of an arranged in the isolation room
  • FIG. 1 The parts of the plant for the low-temperature extraction of air which are only essential for the invention are shown schematically in FIG.
  • the system essentially consists of a liquefied petroleum gas container 10, a rectification column 15 with a top condenser 16 and a heat exchanger 17.
  • the figure is not to scale, a rectifying column 15 is considerably higher in relation to the liquefied petroleum gas container 10 than that shown.
  • the liquid gas container 10 consists in the usual way of an inner container 12 and an outer container 13, the space 14 is vacuum insulated. Rectification column 15 with top condenser 16 and heat exchanger 17 are surrounded by an insulating jacket 18.
  • the insulating jacket consists of unalloyed structural steel and encloses rectification column 15
  • Two openings 19, 20 are provided in the insulating jacket 18.
  • the opening 19 is connected to a vacuum pump 21 and the opening 20 is connected to a pearlite container 22.
  • a vacuum of 100 mbar is generated via the vacuum pump 21 in the insulation space 23 surrounded by the insulating jacket 18.
  • the negative pressure thus created in the insulation space 23 sucks the pearlite from the pearlite container 22 into the insulation space 23 until it has filled all the cavities.
  • the perlites have a density of> 1, 2 x bulk density in the vacuum of the insulation space 23 and surround the rectification column 15 with the top condenser 16, the heat exchanger 17 and all other components arranged in the insulation space 23, such as pipes, control fittings and the like.
  • Bearings 24 designed as feet are provided on the insulating jacket 18, which support the rectification column 15 and which absorb the weight forces of the rectification column.
  • the rectification column is braced laterally with ropes 25, 26 over its longitudinal extent. It goes without saying that other rope-like elements such as chains and the like can be used for bracing the rectification column.
  • the rectification column is tensioned at least on three sides (120 °) with ropes that are adjustable in length.
  • the ropes 25, 26 are connected to the rectifying column by means of clamps 51, which surround the rectifying column and allow movement thereof, and to the insulating jacket 18 via bearings 27.
  • the heat exchanger 17 is arranged, to which compressed and cleaned air is supplied via line 28. The cold air is blown into the lower region of the rectification column 15.
  • the rectification column 15 is operated under a pressure of 4.5 to 12 bar, preferably about 6 bar. In the exemplary embodiment, it is equipped with two sections 29, 30 of ordered packings or sieve trays. A liquid collector 31, 32 is provided above each of the pack sections 29, 30.
  • An oxygen-enriched bottom liquid can be removed via an oxygen line 33.
  • a nitrogen line 34 discharges gaseous nitrogen as a product through the heat exchanger 17.
  • a first feed line 35 opens into the upper area of the rectification column 15, specifically directly into the upper liquid collector 31. It serves for the supply and removal of liquid nitrogen and connects the interior of the rectification column 15 and nitrogen tank 10.
  • a top condenser 16 serves to liquefy nitrogen at the top of the rectification column 15.
  • the passages indicated in the drawing are open to the interior of the rectification column and thus form the nitrogen passages.
  • Oxygen-enriched liquid is present in the exterior of the passages and is supplied via the oxygen line 33. It evaporates in direct heat exchange with condensed nitrogen. The evaporated fraction is discharged via an oxygen product line 36 and heated in the heat exchanger 17 against decomposition air 28.
  • the heat exchanger 17 is fastened to the insulating jacket 18 with two support brackets 37.
  • the support brackets are assigned to the warm end (+ 10 ° C) of the heat exchanger 17 and bear the vertical loads from it.
  • the heat exchanger 17 is arranged in the insulation space so that the oxygen product inlet 38 is further away from the insulating jacket than that
  • Oxygen product outlet 39 Because the heat exchanger 17 is inclined at an angle between 3 and 10 degrees, preferably at an angle of 5 degrees with its cold end (approx. - 170 ° C.) towards the rectification column, the cooling requirement is reduced, since that warm end of the warmer insulating jacket 18 and the cold end of the heat exchanger is assigned to the rectification column.
  • the attachment and alignment of the cold end of the heat exchanger 17 takes place via rope-shaped elements 40, 41, which are designed as strain relief.
  • the rope-shaped elements 40, 41 are fastened to the insulating jacket 18 by means of clamps 50.
  • valve 42 which is arranged in the oxygen line 33.
  • valve 42 is arranged inside the insulation space 23 and is powder-vacuum insulated.
  • the actuating device 44 is, for example, a control valve spindle through which the control device 44 is also vacuum-insulated Insulating jacket 18 guided to the outside and connected to a drive 45 so that the valve is adjustable from the outside.

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation for the low-temperature separation of air, comprising at least one rectifying column. In order to improve the thermal balance of this installation, the rectifying column is disposed in an insulating chamber (23) from which air has been evacuated.

Description

Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von LuftPlant for the low-temperature separation of air
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, mit mindestens einer Rektifiziersäule, die mit einer Luftleitung zur Zufuhr von Zerlegungsluft, mit einer Stickstoffleitung zum Abzug einer Stickstofffraktion, mit einer Sauerstoffleitung zum Abzug einer Sauerstofffraktion verbunden und von mindestens einem Isoiiermantel umgeben ist, der einen evakuierten Isolationsraum begrenzt, durch den die Leitungen zur Rektifiziersäule geführt sind.The invention relates to a plant for the low-temperature separation of air, with at least one rectification column, which is connected to an air line for supplying separation air, to a nitrogen line to withdraw a nitrogen fraction, to an oxygen line to withdraw an oxygen fraction, and is surrounded by at least one insulating jacket, one limited evacuated isolation space through which the cables are led to the rectification column.
Anlagen zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft bestehen im wesentlichen aus einer oder mehreren Rektifiziersäulen deren Funktion darin besteht, die in einem Wärmetauscher auf ca. minus 170°C abgekühlte Luft in ihre Bestandteile zu zerlegen. Bei einer Anlage zur Stickstoffgewinnung kann die Zerlegung in einer Rektifiziersaule erfolgen. Die sauerstoffreiche Fraktion wird im Sumpf der Säule flüssig abgezogen und im Kondensator verdampft. Am Kopf der Säule wird gasförmiger reiner Stickstoff entnommen, um ihn als Produkt zu gewinnen und ein zweiter Teil wird im Kondensator verflüssigt. Zum Ausgleich der Kältebilanz wird flüssiger Stickstoff aus einem Speichertank in die Säule eingespeist.Plants for the low-temperature separation of air essentially consist of one or more rectification columns, the function of which is to break down the air, which has been cooled down to approx. Minus 170 ° C, into its components. In the case of a plant for the production of nitrogen, the dismantling can take place in a rectification column. The oxygen-rich fraction is drawn off liquid in the bottom of the column and evaporated in the condenser. At the top of the column, gaseous pure nitrogen is removed to obtain it as a product and a second part is liquefied in the condenser. To balance the cold balance, liquid nitrogen is fed into the column from a storage tank.
Der Speichertank wird dabei aus einer äußeren Quelle mit Flüssigstickstoff beschickt. Speichertank und Rektifiziersäule sind nebeneinander angeordnet. Der Speichertank für flüssigen Stickstoff ist durch einen Vakuumbehälter isoliert, der die äußere Hülle des Speicherbehälters umgreift und dessen zwischen Innen- und Außenbehälter gebildeter Isolationsraum evakuiert ist. Die Rektifiziersäule ist üblicher Weise in einem Blechmantel eingebaut wonach der freigebliebene Raum mit Isoliermaterial ausgefüllt wird.The storage tank is fed with liquid nitrogen from an external source. Storage tank and rectification column are arranged side by side. The storage tank for liquid nitrogen is insulated by a vacuum container which surrounds the outer shell of the storage container and the insulation space formed between the inner and outer container is evacuated. The rectification column is usually installed in a sheet metal jacket, after which the space left is filled with insulating material.
Es wurde nunmehr schon versucht, eine derartige Einzelaufstellung und Einzelisoiierung der Rektifiziersäule und des Speichertanks hinsichtlich des apparativen und betriebstechnischen Aufwandes dahingehend zu verbessern, daß der Flüssigtank und die Rektifiziersäule im Inneren eines gemeinsamen Vakuumbehälters angeordnet sind, der aus einem Außen- und einem Innenbehälter besteht, zwischen denen ein Isolationsraum ausgebildet ist, der evakuiert ist (EP-A-0 538 857).Attempts have now been made to improve such an individual installation and isolation of the rectification column and the storage tank with regard to the outlay in terms of apparatus and operation in that the liquid tank and the rectification column are arranged inside a common vacuum container which consists of an external and an external one Inner container exists between which an isolation space is formed which is evacuated (EP-A-0 538 857).
International hat sich für eine isolierte Rektifiziersäule der Name "cold box" eingebürgert.Internationally, the name "cold box" has become established for an isolated rectification column.
Nachteilig ist bei einer derartigen Ausbildung, daß die Flexibilität hinsichtlich des benötigten Speicherbehälters für das tiefkalt verflüssigte Gas nicht den Prozeßerfordemissen der Anlage angepaßt werden kann und das die Rektifiziersäule umgebende tiefkalte verflüssigte Gas die Energiebilanz derThe disadvantage of such a design is that the flexibility with regard to the storage container required for the cryogenic liquefied gas cannot be adapted to the process requirements of the system and the cryogenic liquefied gas surrounding the rectification column is the energy balance of the
Rektifiziersäule bezüglich des Prozeßablaufes negativ beeinflußt. Eine Isolation der in dem Innenbehälter angeordneten Bauteile einschließlich der Rektifiziersäule findet nicht statt.Rectification column negatively affected with regard to the process flow. The components arranged in the inner container, including the rectification column, are not isolated.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anlage zurThe invention has for its object a system for
Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft schaffen, bei der die von der Isolierung beeinflußte Wärmebilanz der Rektifiziersäule und der damit verbundenen Bauteile verbessert ist und der apparative Aufbau vereinfacht ist.Create low-temperature separation of air, in which the heat balance of the rectification column and the associated components, which is influenced by the insulation, is improved and the apparatus structure is simplified.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens die Rektifiziersäule im evakuierten Isolationsraum angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in that at least the rectification column is arranged in the evacuated isolation space.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht eine wesentlich bessere Wärmebilanz der Anlage zur Luftzerlegung, da die Rektifiziersaule von einem evakuierten Isoiationsraum umgeben ist, der die unterschiedlichen Temperaturgradienten der Rektifiziersäule und der mit der Rektifiziersäule verbundenen Bauteile sowie der im Isolationsraum angeordneten Bauteile gegeneinander vakuumisoliert. Dabei verhindert das Vakuum einerseits den Wärmezustrom von der Umgebung in den Isolationsraum und andererseits den Wärmestrom durch Leitung von den Bauteilen höherer Temperatur zu den Bauteilen mit niederer Temperatur innerhalb des Isolationsraumes. Die Vakuumisolierung hält die Kälteverluste durch Umgebungs- und Prozeßeinfiüsse sehr klein. Durch den neben der "cold box" angeordneten Speicherbehälter für das tiefkalt verflüssigte Gas ist eine einfache Anpassung der benötigten tiefkalten verflüssigten Gasmenge an die Prozeßparameter der jeweiligen Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft möglich.The invention enables a much better heat balance of the air separation plant, since the rectification column is surrounded by an evacuated isolation space, which vacuum-insulates the different temperature gradients of the rectification column and the components connected to the rectification column and the components arranged in the isolation space. The vacuum on the one hand prevents the heat flow from the environment into the isolation room and on the other hand prevents the heat flow through conduction from the higher temperature components to the lower temperature components within the isolation room. The vacuum insulation keeps the cold losses through environmental and process influences very small. Due to the storage container for the cryogenic liquefied gas located next to the "cold box", there is one simple adaptation of the required cryogenic liquefied gas quantity to the process parameters of the respective plant for the low-temperature separation of air possible.
Der Isoiationsraum wird mit einem Isoliermaterial ausgefüllt, das bevorzugt Perlite mit einer Rohdichte zwischen 40 bis 80 kg/m3 sind. Die Perlite werden beim Evakuieren des Isolationsraumes auf 100 mbar in den Isolationsraum durch eine Öffnung des Isoliermantels eingesaugt, die anschließend gasdicht verschlossen wird. Einer Flüssigkeit ähnlich füllen die pulverförmigen Perlite alle Hohlräume des Isolationsraumes aus und tragen damit neben der Isolierung zurThe isolation space is filled with an insulating material, which is preferably pearlite with a bulk density between 40 to 80 kg / m 3 . When the insulation space is evacuated to 100 mbar, the perlites are sucked into the insulation space through an opening in the insulation jacket, which is then sealed gas-tight. Similar to a liquid, the powdered perlite fills all cavities in the isolation space and thus contributes to the insulation
Stabilisierung der im Isolationsraum angeordneten Bauteile, wie Säulen, Wärmetauscher, Rohrleitungen, Armaturen und dergleichen, bei. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Perlite im Vakuum beträgt bei minus 170°C ca. > 0,002 W/mk.Stabilization of the components arranged in the isolation room, such as columns, heat exchangers, pipes, fittings and the like. The thermal conductivity of the perlite in a vacuum is approximately> 0.002 W / mk at minus 170 ° C.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist die Rektifiziersäule im pulver-vakuumisolierten Isoiationsraum angeordnet. Der pulver-vakuumisoiierte Isolierraum isoliert die sich prozeßbedingt einstellenden einzelnen Temperaturbereiche auch innerhalb des Isolationsraumes so gegeneinander, daß eine Wärmeströmung ausgeschlossen ist. Die Rektifiziersäule weist in ihrem Kopfbereich aufgrund der physikalisch bedingten Siedetemperaturen der tiefkalten Flüssigkeiten eine ca. 6°C niedrige Temperatur, nämlich -176°C, als in ihrem Bodenbereich auf.According to the invention, the rectification column is arranged in the powder vacuum-insulated isolation space. The powder-vacuum-insulated isolation room isolates the individual temperature ranges which arise due to the process, also within the isolation room, in such a way that heat flow is excluded. The rectification column has an approximately 6 ° C lower temperature, namely -176 ° C, in its top area due to the physically determined boiling temperatures of the cryogenic liquids than in its bottom area.
Durch die Vakuumisolierung, vorzugsweise Pulver-Vakuumisolierung, des die Rektifiziersäule umgebenden Isolationsraumes, beeinflussen die für den Prozeßablauf notwendigen Temperaturen sich nicht gegenseitig. Die zu erzeugende Kältemenge kann durch die Isolierung wesentlich verringert werden.Due to the vacuum insulation, preferably powder vacuum insulation, of the insulation space surrounding the rectification column, the temperatures necessary for the process sequence do not influence one another. The amount of cold to be generated can be significantly reduced by the insulation.
Im Isolationsraum sind vorteilhaft weitere Bauteile angeordnet, beispielsweise der Wärmetauscher, in dem die Zerlegungsluft gegen Produktströme abgekühlt wird, oder auch Regel- und Steuerarmaturen oder weitere Säulen. Eine optimierte Wärmebilanz des Wärmetauschers läßt sich innerhalb des Isolationsraumes dadurch erzielen, daß der Wärmetauscher mit der Seite, in die die Zerlegungsluft ein- und die Produktströme austreten und die auf einem Temperaturniveau von ca. plus 10°C liegt, dem Isoliermantel zugeneigt und damit in unmittelbarer Nähe des wärmeren Isoliermantels angeordnet ist, während der Zerlegungsluftaus- und der Produktstromeintritt in der Nähe der Rektifiziersaule angeordnet ist, so daß die auf einem Temperaturniveau von ca. minus 170°C liegende Seite des Wämetauschers der auf etwa gleichem oder ähnlichem Temperaturniveau liegenden Rektifiziersäule zugeneigt ist. Durch diese die Temperaturgradienten des Wärmetauschers berücksichtigende Anordnung bezüglich der Temperaturverteiiung in dem vakuum- beziehungsweise pulver-vakuumisolierten Isolationsraum ist die Wärmebilanz der Anlage durch die Isolierung und derFurther components are advantageously arranged in the insulation space, for example the heat exchanger in which the decomposition air is cooled against product flows, or also regulating and control fittings or further columns. An optimized heat balance of the heat exchanger can be achieved within the insulation space by placing the heat exchanger on the side into which the decomposition air entering and leaving the product streams, which is at a temperature level of approximately plus 10 ° C, inclined towards the insulating jacket and thus located in the immediate vicinity of the warmer insulating jacket, while the separation air outlet and the product stream inlet are located near the rectification column, so that the side of the heat exchanger lying at a temperature level of approximately minus 170 ° C is inclined to the rectification column lying at approximately the same or similar temperature level. Due to this arrangement, which takes into account the temperature gradients of the heat exchanger, with regard to the temperature distribution in the vacuum- or powder-vacuum-insulated insulation space, the heat balance of the system is due to the insulation and the
Anordnung der Bauteile und Rektifiziersäule wesentlich optimiert. Hinzu kommt, daß durch die geneigte Anordnung des Wärmetauschers eine optimierte Rohrleitungsführung (kurze Rohrleitungen) und geringer apperativer Aufwand und dessen Anordnung als Ganzes, d. h. ohne Aufteilung in zwei oder mehr Wärmetauschersektionen, im vollständig evakuierten Isolationsraum erreicht wird.Arrangement of components and rectification column significantly optimized. In addition, due to the inclined arrangement of the heat exchanger, an optimized pipe routing (short pipes) and less apperative effort and its arrangement as a whole, i. H. without division into two or more heat exchanger sections, is achieved in the fully evacuated insulation room.
Darüber hinaus ist vorteilhaft, mindestens eine Regelarmatur, zum Beispiel das in der sauerstoffreichen Flüssigfraktion angeordnete Ventil, in dem Isolationsraum angeordnet, während die das Ventil ein- beziehungsweise verstellende Stelleinrichtung außerhalb des Isolationsraumes vorgesehen ist. Dadurch daß die Stelleinrichtung durch den Isoliermantei geführt ist, kann die Regelamatur innerhalb des Isolationsraumes angeordnet werden ohne daß auf eine Verstellung von außerhalb der "cold box" verzichtet werden muß. Dadurch werden weitere Kälteverluste vermieden.In addition, it is advantageous to arrange at least one control valve, for example the valve arranged in the oxygen-rich liquid fraction, in the isolation space, while the actuating device that adjusts or adjusts the valve is provided outside the isolation space. Characterized in that the actuating device is guided through the Isoliermantei, the control valve can be arranged within the isolation room without having to do without an adjustment from outside the "cold box". This prevents further cold losses.
Rektifiziersäule und Wärmetauscher werden vorteilhaft über flexible bzw. elastische seilförmige Elemente, wie Seile, Ketten und dergleichen in dem Isoliermantei verspannt. Nur die senkrecht zur Längsrichtung der Rektifiziersäule auftretenden Kräfte werden von Lagern aufgenommen, die an dem Isoliermantel befestigt sind. Durch die Seilverspannung ist neben einer einfacherenRectification column and heat exchanger are advantageously clamped in the insulating jacket via flexible or elastic rope-shaped elements, such as ropes, chains and the like. Only the forces occurring perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rectification column are absorbed by bearings which are attached to the insulating jacket. The rope tensioning is next to a simpler one
Ausrichtung zum Beispiel der Rektifiziersäule bezüglich der weiteren Bauteile, wie Rohrleitungen und dergleichen, eine weitere Verbesserung der Wärmebilanz der Anlage erzielbar, da nur die Lager eine Wärmeleitung über den Isoliermantel zulassen. Um diese Wärmeleitung zu minimieren sind die Lager über Isoiierwerkstoffe, wie glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff GFK zwischen dem Lager und der Innenfläche des Isoliermantels als Zwischeniagen angeordnet. Hinzu kommt, daß durch die Seilverspannungen die thermischen Spannungen im warmen und kalten Zustand der Anlage aufgenommen werden.Alignment of the rectification column, for example, with respect to the other components, such as pipes and the like, can further improve the heat balance of the system, since only the bearings conduct heat via the insulating jacket allow. In order to minimize this heat conduction, the bearings are arranged between the bearing and the inner surface of the insulating jacket as intermediate layers by means of insulating materials, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic GRP. In addition, the rope tension absorbs the thermal tension in the hot and cold condition of the system.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschieben.An embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßenFigure 1 is a schematic embodiment of the invention
Anlage zur Gewinnung von Stickstoff; Figur 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für die Anordnung des Wärme- tauschers;Plant for the production of nitrogen; Figure 2 shows an embodiment for the arrangement of the heat exchanger;
Figur 3 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein im Isolierraum angeordnetesFigure 3 shows an embodiment of an arranged in the isolation room
Regelventil.Control valve.
Die nur für die Erfindung wesentlichen Teile der Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzeriegung von Luft sind schematisch in Figur 1 dargestellt. Die Anlage besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Flüssiggasbehälter 10, einer Rektifiziersäule 15 mit Kopfkondensator 16 und einem Wärmetauscher 17. Die Abbildung ist nicht maßstabsgetreu, eine Rektifiziersäule 15 ist im Verhältnis zum Flüssiggasbehälter 10 wesentlich höher als die dargestellte.The parts of the plant for the low-temperature extraction of air which are only essential for the invention are shown schematically in FIG. The system essentially consists of a liquefied petroleum gas container 10, a rectification column 15 with a top condenser 16 and a heat exchanger 17. The figure is not to scale, a rectifying column 15 is considerably higher in relation to the liquefied petroleum gas container 10 than that shown.
Der Flüssiggasbehälter 10 besteht in der üblichen Weise aus einem Innenbehälter 12 und einem Außenbehäiter 13, deren Zwischenraum 14 vakuumisoliert ist. Rektifiziersaule 15 mit Kopfkondensator 16 und Wärmetauscher 17 sind von einem Isoliermantel 18 umgeben. Der Isoliermantel besteht aus unlegiertem Baustahl und umschließt Rektifiziersäule 15 mitThe liquid gas container 10 consists in the usual way of an inner container 12 and an outer container 13, the space 14 is vacuum insulated. Rectification column 15 with top condenser 16 and heat exchanger 17 are surrounded by an insulating jacket 18. The insulating jacket consists of unalloyed structural steel and encloses rectification column 15
Kopfkondensator 16 und Wärmetauscher 17 gasdicht. In dem Isoliermantel 18 sind zwei Öffnungen 19, 20 vorgesehen. Die Öffnung 19 ist mit einer Vakuumpumpe 21 und die Öffnung 20 mit einem Perlitbehälter 22 verbunden ist. Über die Vakuumpumpe 21 wird in dem vom Isoliermantel 18 umgebenen Isolationsraum 23 ein Vakuum von 100 mbar erzeugt. Der im Isolationsraum 23 so entstehende Unterdruck saugt das Perlit aus dem Perlitbehälter 22 in den Isolationsraum 23 bis es alle Hohlräume ausgefüllt hat. Die Perlite weisen im Vakuum des Isolationsraumes 23 eine Dichte von > 1 ,2 x Schüttdichte auf und umgeben die Rektifiziersäule 15 mit dem Kopfkondensator 16, den Wärmetauscher 17 und alle im Isolationsraum 23 angeordneten weiteren Bauteile, wie Rohrleitungen, Regelarmaturen und dergleichen.Head condenser 16 and heat exchanger 17 gas-tight. Two openings 19, 20 are provided in the insulating jacket 18. The opening 19 is connected to a vacuum pump 21 and the opening 20 is connected to a pearlite container 22. A vacuum of 100 mbar is generated via the vacuum pump 21 in the insulation space 23 surrounded by the insulating jacket 18. The negative pressure thus created in the insulation space 23 sucks the pearlite from the pearlite container 22 into the insulation space 23 until it has filled all the cavities. The perlites have a density of> 1, 2 x bulk density in the vacuum of the insulation space 23 and surround the rectification column 15 with the top condenser 16, the heat exchanger 17 and all other components arranged in the insulation space 23, such as pipes, control fittings and the like.
An dem Isoliermantel 18 sind als Füße ausgebildete Lager 24 vorgesehen, die die Rektifiziersäule 15 tragen und die die Gewichtskräfte der Rektifiziersäule aufnehmen. Über ihre Längserstreckung ist die Rektifiziersäule mit Seilen 25, 26 seitlich verspannt. Es ist selbstverständlich, daß andere seilförmige Elemente wie Ketten und dergleichen zur Verspannung der Rektifiziersaule verwendet werden können. Die Rektifiziersaule wird mindestens nach drei Seiten (120°) mit in ihrer Länge einstellbaren Seilen verspannt. Die Seile 25, 26 sind über Schellen 51 , die die Rektifiziersäule umgeben und eine Bewegung der Rektifiziersäule erlauben, mit dieser und über Lager 27 mit dem Isoliermantel 18 verbunden. In dem Isolationsraum 23 ist der Wärmetauscher 17 angeordnet, dem über Leitung 28 verdichtete und gereinigte Luft zugeführt wird. Die kalte Luft wird in den unteren Bereich der Rektifiziersäule 15 eingeblasen.Bearings 24 designed as feet are provided on the insulating jacket 18, which support the rectification column 15 and which absorb the weight forces of the rectification column. The rectification column is braced laterally with ropes 25, 26 over its longitudinal extent. It goes without saying that other rope-like elements such as chains and the like can be used for bracing the rectification column. The rectification column is tensioned at least on three sides (120 °) with ropes that are adjustable in length. The ropes 25, 26 are connected to the rectifying column by means of clamps 51, which surround the rectifying column and allow movement thereof, and to the insulating jacket 18 via bearings 27. In the insulation space 23, the heat exchanger 17 is arranged, to which compressed and cleaned air is supplied via line 28. The cold air is blown into the lower region of the rectification column 15.
Die Rektifiziersäule 15 wird unter einem Druck von 4,5 bis 12 bar, vorzugsweise etwa 6 bar betrieben. Sie ist in dem Ausführungsbeispiel mit zwei Abschnitten 29, 30 von geordneten Packungen oder Siebböden ausgestattet. Oberhalb der Packungsabschnitte 29, 30 ist je ein Flüssigkeitssammler 31 , 32 vorgesehen.The rectification column 15 is operated under a pressure of 4.5 to 12 bar, preferably about 6 bar. In the exemplary embodiment, it is equipped with two sections 29, 30 of ordered packings or sieve trays. A liquid collector 31, 32 is provided above each of the pack sections 29, 30.
Über eine Sauerstoffleitung 33 kann sauerstoffangereicherte Sumpfflüssigkeit entnommen werden. Eine Stickstoffleitung 34 führt gasförmigen Stickstoff als Produkt durch den Wärmetauscher 17 ab. Im oberen Bereich der Rektifiziersäule 15 mündet außerdem eine erste Speiseleitung 35, und zwar direkt in den oberen Flüssigkeitssammier 31. Sie dient zur Zu- und Abfuhr von Flüssigstickstoff und verbindet die innenräume von Rektifiziersäule 15 und Stickstofftank 10. Ein Kopfkondensator 16 dient zur Verflüssigung von Stickstoff am Kopf der Rektifiziersaule 15. Die in der Zeichnung angedeuteten Passagen sind zum Innenraum der Rektifiziersäule hin offen und bilden somit die Stickstoff passagen. Im Außenraum der Passagen steht sauerstoffangereicherte Flüssigkeit an, die über die Sauerstoffleitung 33 herangeführt wird. Sie verdampft in direkten Wärmetausch mit kondensiertem Stickstoff. Die verdampfte Fraktion wird über eine Sauerstoffproduktleitung 36 abgeführt und im Wärmetauscher 17 gegen Zerlegungsluft 28 angewärmt.An oxygen-enriched bottom liquid can be removed via an oxygen line 33. A nitrogen line 34 discharges gaseous nitrogen as a product through the heat exchanger 17. In addition, a first feed line 35 opens into the upper area of the rectification column 15, specifically directly into the upper liquid collector 31. It serves for the supply and removal of liquid nitrogen and connects the interior of the rectification column 15 and nitrogen tank 10. A top condenser 16 serves to liquefy nitrogen at the top of the rectification column 15. The passages indicated in the drawing are open to the interior of the rectification column and thus form the nitrogen passages. Oxygen-enriched liquid is present in the exterior of the passages and is supplied via the oxygen line 33. It evaporates in direct heat exchange with condensed nitrogen. The evaporated fraction is discharged via an oxygen product line 36 and heated in the heat exchanger 17 against decomposition air 28.
Der Wärmetauscher 17 ist mit zwei Tragkonsolen 37 an dem Isoliermantel 18 befestigt. Die Tragkonsolen sind dem warmen Ende (+ 10°C) des Wärmetauschers 17 zugeordnet und tragen die senkrechten Lasten von diesem. Dabei ist der Wärmetauscher 17 so im Isolationsraum angeordnet, daß der Sauerstoffprodukteingang 38 vom Isoliermantel weiter entfernt ist, als derThe heat exchanger 17 is fastened to the insulating jacket 18 with two support brackets 37. The support brackets are assigned to the warm end (+ 10 ° C) of the heat exchanger 17 and bear the vertical loads from it. The heat exchanger 17 is arranged in the insulation space so that the oxygen product inlet 38 is further away from the insulating jacket than that
Sauerstoffproduktausgang 39. Dadurch daß der Wärmetauscher 17 unter einem Winkel zwischen 3 und 10 Grad, vorzugsweise unter einem Winkel von 5 Grad mit seinem kalten Ende (ca. - 170°C) zur Rektifiziersäule hin geneigt angeordnet ist, wird der Kältebedarf reduziert, da das warme Ende dem wärmeren Isoliermantel 18 und das kalte Ende des Wärmetauschers der Rektifiziersäule zugeordnet ist. Die Befestigung und Ausrichtung des kalten Endes des Wärmetauschers 17 erfolgt über seilförmige Elemente 40, 41, die als Seiiverspannung ausgebildet sind.Oxygen product outlet 39. Because the heat exchanger 17 is inclined at an angle between 3 and 10 degrees, preferably at an angle of 5 degrees with its cold end (approx. - 170 ° C.) towards the rectification column, the cooling requirement is reduced, since that warm end of the warmer insulating jacket 18 and the cold end of the heat exchanger is assigned to the rectification column. The attachment and alignment of the cold end of the heat exchanger 17 takes place via rope-shaped elements 40, 41, which are designed as strain relief.
Die seilförmigen Elemente 40, 41 sind an dem Isoliermantel 18 mittels Schellen 50 befestigt.The rope-shaped elements 40, 41 are fastened to the insulating jacket 18 by means of clamps 50.
Der Füllstand des Säulensumpfes der Rektifiziersäule wird mittels eines Ventiles 42 gesteuert, welches in der Sauerstoffleitung 33 angeordnet ist. Wie Figur 3 zeigt, ist Ventil 42 innerhalb des Isolationsraumes 23 angeordnet und pulver- vakuumisoliert. Über ein ebenfalls pulver-vakuumisoiiertes Abgangsstück 43 ist die Stelleinrichtung 44 beispielsweise eine Regelventilspindel durch den Isoliermantel 18 nach außen geführt und mit einem Antrieb 45 so verbunden, daß das Ventil von außen einstellbar ist. The fill level of the column sump of the rectification column is controlled by means of a valve 42 which is arranged in the oxygen line 33. As FIG. 3 shows, valve 42 is arranged inside the insulation space 23 and is powder-vacuum insulated. The actuating device 44 is, for example, a control valve spindle through which the control device 44 is also vacuum-insulated Insulating jacket 18 guided to the outside and connected to a drive 45 so that the valve is adjustable from the outside.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. .Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, mit mindestens einer Rektifiziersäule, die mit einer Luftleitung zur Zufuhr von Zerlegungsluft, mit einer Stickstoffleitung zum Abzug einer Stickstofffraktion, mit einer Sauerstoffleitung zum Abzug einer Sauerstofffraktion verbunden und von mindestens einem Isoliermantel umgeben ist, der einen evakuierten Isolationsraum begrenzt, durch den die Leitungen zur Rektifiziersäule geführt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens die Rektifiziersäule (15) im evakuierten Isolationsraum (23) angeordnet ist.1.. Plant for the low-temperature separation of air, with at least one rectification column, which is connected to an air line for the supply of separation air, with a nitrogen line for removing a nitrogen fraction, with an oxygen line for removing an oxygen fraction and is surrounded by at least one insulating jacket which evacuates one Isolation space through which the lines lead to the rectification column, characterized in that at least the rectification column (15) is arranged in the evacuated isolation space (23).
2. .Anlage nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gasdruck im Isolationsraum (23) < 10'1. mbar ist.2. .Ananlage according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas pressure in the insulation space (23) <10 '1 . mbar.
3. Anlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Isolationsraum (23) mit einem Isoliermaterial ausgefüllt ist.3. Plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulation space (23) is filled with an insulating material.
4. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Isoliermaterial Perlite aufweist.4. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the insulating material has perlite.
5. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rektifiziersäule (15) über eine Speiseleitung (35) mit einem außerhalb des Isoliermantels (18) angeordneten Flüssiggasbehälter (10) verbunden ist.5. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rectification column (15) via a feed line (35) with an outside of the insulating jacket (18) arranged liquid gas container (10) is connected.
6. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rektifiziersäule (15) einen im isoiationsraum (23) angeordneten Kopfkondensator (16) aufweist, der ausgangsseitig über eine Sauerstoffproduktleitung (36) mit einem Wärmetauscher (17) verbunden ist und eingangsseitig über eine im Isolationsraum (23) angeordnete Sauerstoffleitung (33) mit dem unteren Bereich der Rektifiziersäule (15).6. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rectifying column (15) has a in the isolation space (23) arranged top capacitor (16), the output side via a Oxygen product line (36) is connected to a heat exchanger (17) and on the input side via an oxygen line (33) arranged in the insulation space (23) to the lower region of the rectification column (15).
7. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Sauerstoffleitung (33) eine im Isolationsraum (23) angeordnete Regelamatur (42) vorgesehen ist, deren Stelleinrichtung (44) außerhalb des Isolationsraumes (23) so angeordnet ist, daß die Regelamatur von außerhalb des Isoliermantels (18) einstellbar ist.7. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the oxygen line (33) in the isolation room (23) arranged control valve (42) is provided, the actuating device (44) outside of the isolation room (23) is arranged so that the control valve is adjustable from outside the insulating jacket (18).
8. .Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmetauscher (17) im Isolationsraum (23) angeordnet.8. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the heat exchanger (17) is arranged in the insulation space (23).
9. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmetauscher (17) so im isoiationsraum (23) angeordnet ist, daß der Sauerstoffprodukteingang (38)von dem Isoliermantel (18) weiter entfernt ist als der Sauerstoffproduktausgang (39).9. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the heat exchanger (17) is arranged in the isolation space (23) in such a way that the oxygen product inlet (38) is further away from the insulating jacket (18) than the oxygen product outlet (39). .
10.Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rektifiziersäule (17) und/oder der Wärmetauscher (17) mittels seilförmigen Elementen (25, 26, 40, 41) so im Isolationsraum (23) verspannt sind, daß sie in einer vorgegebenen Lage angeordnet sind.10. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rectification column (17) and / or the heat exchanger (17) by means of rope-shaped elements (25, 26, 40, 41) in the insulation space (23) are clamped so that they are arranged in a predetermined position.
11.Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elemente (25, 26, 40, 41) am Isoliermantel (18) befestigt sind und am Isoliermantel (18) Lager (24, 37) vorgesehen sind, die die Lasten der Rektifiziersäule (15) und/oder des Wärmetauschers (17) aufnehmen. 11. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the elements (25, 26, 40, 41) on the insulating jacket (18) are attached and on the insulating jacket (18) bearings (24, 37) are provided which the Take up the loads of the rectification column (15) and / or the heat exchanger (17).
PCT/EP1998/005181 1997-08-28 1998-08-17 Low-temperature air separation installation WO1999011990A1 (en)

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EP1015828A1 (en) 2000-07-05

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