Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
  • A61H5/00—Exercisers for the eyes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
  • G02C7/00—Optical parts
  • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
  • G02C7/06—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses bifocal; multifocal ; progressive
  • G02C7/061—Spectacle lenses with progressively varying focal power
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
  • G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
  • G02C2202/10—Optical elements and systems for visual disorders other than refractive errors, low vision

Definitions

• the present invention relates to medical technology and may be used in ophthalmology for the prophylaxis and treatment of functional visual disorders and may be also employed, for example, in binoculars, microscopes, etc.
• bifocal lenses can not be used for exercising the ocular accommodation-convergent apparatus with the purposes of prophylaxis and treatment of functional visual disorders (spasm of accommodation, presbyopia, myopia, abnormalities of binocular vision, etc.), which greatly restricts their functional capabilities.
• the known vision device - an exerciser by Kaverinsky Nikolai Sergeevich makes it possible to simultaneously perform both a correction function and a vision exercising function.
• this vision device Combining two functions in this vision device is ensured by the fact that a device comprising optical elements encased in a frame securely fastened with respect to the human eyes is provided with mirror surfaces permitting to extend a vision zone and to exercise eyesight.
• this device is insufficiently effective, since it can not be used in the process of everyday human activities, especially when performing visually-intense activities (reading, computing, carrying out assembly works, etc.), since the exercising ideology with this device is based on the switch of the look from an object being in front of the human being to another object which is found in the other point of environment and reflected by the mirror surface.
• the technical object of the present invention is to agree the eye's operating conditions with the nature of a present-day visual load by providing a continuous process for the vision exercise at the expense of involuntary eye movements without turning the head, when watching objects being directly in front of the human being within the limits of the physiological visual angle, to improve the efficiency of treatment and prophylaxis of functional visual disorders.
• a device for the optical correction and exercise of vision comprising optical elements encased in a frame securely fastened with respect to the human eyes, said optical elements have zones with different optical characteristics which are interconnected by transition lines and mounted in said frame to ensure transition of the visual axis of a corresponding eye from one zone to another of the optical element at any level on the horizontal, the difference in values of optical characteristics of the zones of each optical element lies within the limits between objective sensitivity of the eye and the human's subjective sensitivity to the change in a given optical characteristic.
• a further embodiment of the present invention provides a device for the optical correction and exercise of vision comprising optical elements having zones with different optical characteristics, wherein the technical object is solved by the fact that the zones are formed by lenses, or prisms, or light filters, or any combination thereof.
• optical centers and/or optic symmetry axes of corresponding zones of the optical elements may be located in the same horizontal plane, or in parallel planes, or in intercrossing planes, a transition line of optical characteristics from one zone to another of the optical element may be made to the shape of a straight line or a line of arbitrary form which differs from the straight line, transition lines of characteristics of the zones of the optical elements may be located symmetric or asymmetric about each other.
• Another embodiment of the present invention provides a device for the optical correction and exercise of vision comprising optical elements having zones with different optical characteristics, said zones are formed by lenses, a mean value of focal power of the zones of the optical element formed by the lenses corresponds to the amount of refraction of the human eye, the difference in focal powers of the zones is smaller than the human's subjective sensitivity to the refraction change.
• Still another embodiment of the present invention provides a device in which optical elements may be shaped as perforated plates with their optical zones being formed by stop apertures having a varying cross-section.
• Still further embodiment of the present invention provides a device in which optical elements having zones with different optical characteristics may be mounted in a spectacle frame or a removable binocular or monocular extension piece on spectacles.
• FIGURE 1 illustrates a device for the optical correction and exercise of vision made in the form of spectacles in accordance with the present invention
• FIGURE 2 is a graph illustrating the change in characteristics of the optical element as a function of a turning angle of the optic axis of the eyes in a device designed mainly for curative purposes in accordance with the present invention
• FIGURE 3 is a graph illustrating the change in characteristics of the optical element as a function of a turning angle of the optic axis of the eyes in a device designed mainly for the prophylaxis of visual disorders in accordance with the present invention
• FIGURE 4 is a schematic view showing a device with different embodiments of the form and interposition of transition lines of the optical element characteristics in accordance with the present invention
• FIGURE 5 is a schematic view showing a device with the optimal disposition of optical centers and optic symmetry axes of the zones in accordance with the present invention
• FIGURES 6 and 7 schematically illustrate a device with different embodiments of interposition of optic symmetry axes of the zones of optical elements formed by lenses in accordance with the present invention
• FIGURE 8 schematically illustrates a device with different embodiments of interposition of optic symmetry axes of the zones of optical elements formed by prisms in accordance with the present invention
• FIGURE 9 is a schematic view showing a device in which optical elements are shaped as perforated plates in accordance with the present invention.
• FIGURE 10 shows a diagram explaining the principle of operation of a device with optical elements formed by lenses in accordance with the present invention
• FIGURE 11 shows a diagram explaining the principle of operation of a device with optical elements formed by prisms in accordance with the present invention.
• FIGURE 1 a device comprising a spectacle frame 1 with optical elements 2 and 3.
• Each optical element is made monolithic and has two optically transparent zones: the left 4 and 6 and the right 5 and 7, respectively, which are interconnected in corresponding transition lines 8 and 9.
• zones of the optical elements are made such that the difference in values of their optical characteristics, P x , lies within the limits between objective sensitivity of the eye (O M ) and the human's subjective sensitivity (C M ) to the amount of the change in a given optical characteristic (X 0 ).
• a device for the optical correction and exercise of vision is fabricated by forming zones of optical elements from lenses only, or from prisms only, or from light filters only, or from any combination thereof.
• optical elements of the device may be fabricated from perforated plates.
• smaller values up to 0.3 are used in the devices designed mostly for continuous wear, while larger values (over 0.3) are used in those devices which are employed mainly for sessions of medical exercises.
• Characteristics of optical zones made of light filters are chosen in much the same way, with the formation of the zones 4 and 5, 6 and 7 (FIGURE 5) of a required density and color.
• a device comprising optical elements formed by light filters is used for the prophylaxis and treatment of color vision.
• Absolute values of characteristics of the optical zones are selected depending on a type of visual disorder.
• the zones are formed such that the focal power of one of the zones in the optical element is in accord with the human's eye refraction (section H in the graph of FIGURE 2), while that of the other zone is greater by the value P x (section B), which favors relaxation of the Bowman's muscle of the eye's accommodation apparatus.
• focal power of one of the zones in the optical element must be in accord with the human's eye refraction (section B in the graph of FIGURE 2), while that of the other zone must be smaller by the value P x (section H), which favors strengthening of the Bowman's muscle.
• P x section H
• a device having such characteristics exerts an exercising effect on the ocular muscle apparatus and is used mainly for the active prophylaxis of visual disturbances.
• optical elements may be made with both a jump-type transition and a smooth transition (shown by dotted lines).
• a transition line on the optical element surface may be invisible, which offers a considerable comfort improvement when using a device. Since in the case of a smooth variation of the characteristic, an "image jump" perception decreases, it provides the possibility for enhancement of an exercising action at the expense of the formation of zones with the difference in characteristics which corresponds to a maximum P x value. Such a phenomenon is employed in the devices intended to perform sessions of medical vision exercises.
• a transition line 8 and/or 9 may have a varying form.
• the zones are formed basically with a transition line taking the form of a straight vertical line (FIGURE 4; lines 8a and 9b), since such exercises are performed with practically a constant distance from the eyes to watching objects, that is to say, at a constant angle of ocular convergence.
• said frontal line has an arbitrary form which differs from that of the straight line (FIGURE 4; line 8b or 8c).
• their optical elements may be divided into zones either separately in the upper (for the distance) or the lower (for the proximity) part, or simultaneously in the both parts.
• transition lines of the zones of optical elements are made specularly reflected, with said elements being located symmetric about the vertical axis (for instance, lines 8a and 9b, or 8b and 9a in FIGURE 4).
• a shape of the transition line on the optical elements and their mutual arrangement may be varying.
• a transition line on one of the elements takes the form of a straight vertical line (FIGURE 4; line 8a)
• a transition line on the second element is made in the form which differs from the straight line and located as shown in FIGURE 4 (line 9a - in the case of convergent squint; line 9c - in the case of divergent squint).
• optical centers of the zones of one element are aligned and arranged in the transition line, with the optical elements being set up such that their optical centers are in the same horizontal plane (line ⁇ in FIGURE 5).
• zones of optical elements are fabricated from astigmatic lenses.
• a device may be employed with optical elements being fabricated from lenses, which affords a predetermined compensating distortion of the space at the expense of shifting the optical centers of zones of optical elements (FIGURES 6 and 7).
• center lines of corresponding optical zones may be parallel (lines r ⁇ and ⁇ 4 . 7 in FIGURE 6) or intersected (lines ⁇ 5- 6 and ⁇ 4 . 7 in FIGURE 7).
• a device in which optical elements afford a vertical image shift, by shaping optical zones as prisms with optic symmetry axes of corresponding optical zones being located at angle with respect to the horizontal, wherein said optic symmetry axes may be located in parallel planes (lines ⁇ 4 and l ⁇ l 7 . in FIGURE 8) or in intercrossing planes (lines l ⁇ l 4 and ⁇ in FIGURE 8).
• a corresponding optical element is provided with a smaller difference in characteristics of optical zones than that of another (in a particular case, optical zones may be only present in one of the optical elements).
• optical elements of the device may be provided with a great number of zones (for example, with three zones, the middle one being corrective, the terminals being corrective-exercising).
• a device may be fabricated in the form of removable extension pieces on spectacles.
• the principle of operation of a device in accordance with the present invention consists in the fact that, when the human being watches objects in the space by shifting optic axes of the eyes in the horizontal within the limits of the physiological visual angle (without turning the head), there are apparent space-shifts of objects that force corresponding ocular muscles to "trim” every time to novel conditions of vision, thereby helping the muscles to perform a continuous operation, that is to say exercise.
• said object shifts do not go beyond the limits of the human's subjective sensitivity to that shift.
• the human being therefore does not essentially perceive the process of exercising, which provides the possibility for using the device in everyday life while combining a required visual correction with the treatment and prophylaxis of vision.
• FIGURES 10 and 11 show diagrams illustrating the principle of operation of devices provided with optical elements which are fabricated from lenses and prisms, respectively (physical phenomena occurring in the process of watching various objects through lenses or prisms are generally known, and they are not discussed in this description).
• optic axes of the eyes pass, respectively, either through the zones 4 and 6 (when watching the object A), or the zones 5 and 7 (when watching the object B) of the optical elements 2 and 3. If the zones 4 and 6 are positive lenses and the zones 5 and 7 are negative lenses (FIGURE 10), then an image of the object A shifts in a line of vision of each eye (points A1 and A2), and the human being sees a sharp picture of the object at the point A 0 . The same occurs when watching the object B, the only difference consisting in that the human being sees a sharp picture of the object at the point B 0 .
• All the embodiments in accordance with the present invention take account of the eye's structural features, and they are made such that with each horizontal displacement of optic axes of the eyes within the limits of the physiological visual angle (without turning the head), zones with different optical characteristics fall within the visual field.
• a "trimming" of the eyes to specific conditions of vision which is essentially imperceptible by the human being.
• there occurs a "trimming" of the accommodation-convergent apparatus that ensures a sharp image on the retina, but the human being does not perceive an "image jump", since his subjective sensitivity to the image shift is considerably lower than physiological sensitivity.
• This device while possessing all advantages of conventional vision correction devices, affords a continuous, imperceptible for the human being, exercise of ocular muscles, which favors normalization of functions of the visual apparatus, recovery of vision and essentially rules out the occurrence of functional visual disorders.
• the present invention enables one to alter operating conditions of the eye thereby causing it to uninterruptedly and, what is very important, essentially imperceptibly for the human being, perform physiological micromassage of ocular muscles. This results in vasodilatation, intensification of metabolic processes, recovery of normal biologic cycles, thus ensuring a high performance capability of the eyes.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
• Eyeglasses (AREA)
• Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

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Citations (6)

• 1996
  • 1996-12-04 RU RU96123143A patent/RU2110239C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1997
  • 1997-12-03 AU AU56837/98A patent/AU5683798A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-12-03 EP EP97953018A patent/EP1011598A2/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1997-12-03 EA EA199900506A patent/EA001182B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-12-03 WO PCT/RU1997/000386 patent/WO1998024394A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1999
  • 1999-06-30 BG BG103538A patent/BG103538A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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