WO1998007494A1 - Procede et dispositif de deshydratation de milieux hydrocarbures - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de deshydratation de milieux hydrocarbures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998007494A1
WO1998007494A1 PCT/RU1997/000266 RU9700266W WO9807494A1 WO 1998007494 A1 WO1998007494 A1 WO 1998007494A1 RU 9700266 W RU9700266 W RU 9700266W WO 9807494 A1 WO9807494 A1 WO 9807494A1
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Prior art keywords
section
πορisτο
sections
cellular
emulsions
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU1997/000266
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Alexandr Mikhailovich Zobov
Ljudmila Ivanovna Shpilevskaya
Vladimir Vladislavovich Shpilevsky
Oleg Pavlovich Loginov
Alexandr Anatolievich Kobak
Fedor Ivanovich Serdjuk
Olga Fedorovna Zaenets
Sergei Alexandrovich Zobov
Marina Nikolaevna Popova
Original Assignee
Alexandr Mikhailovich Zobov
Ljudmila Ivanovna Shpilevskaya
Shpilevsky Vladimir Vladislavo
Oleg Pavlovich Loginov
Alexandr Anatolievich Kobak
Fedor Ivanovich Serdjuk
Olga Fedorovna Zaenets
Sergei Alexandrovich Zobov
Marina Nikolaevna Popova
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from RU96115605/25A external-priority patent/RU2094083C1/ru
Priority claimed from RU97106318/25A external-priority patent/RU2105585C1/ru
Priority claimed from RU97106317A external-priority patent/RU2105584C1/ru
Application filed by Alexandr Mikhailovich Zobov, Ljudmila Ivanovna Shpilevskaya, Shpilevsky Vladimir Vladislavo, Oleg Pavlovich Loginov, Alexandr Anatolievich Kobak, Fedor Ivanovich Serdjuk, Olga Fedorovna Zaenets, Sergei Alexandrovich Zobov, Marina Nikolaevna Popova filed Critical Alexandr Mikhailovich Zobov
Publication of WO1998007494A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998007494A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils

Definitions

  • S ⁇ v ⁇ emennye ⁇ e ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ gii ⁇ azdeleniya uglev ⁇ d ⁇ dny ⁇ emulsions is ⁇ lz ⁇ va- Niemi ⁇ il ⁇ uyusche- ⁇ alestsi ⁇ uyuschi ⁇ ma ⁇ e ⁇ ial ⁇ v ⁇ bes ⁇ echivayu ⁇ e ⁇ e ⁇ ivn ⁇ e ⁇ azdele- of emulgi ⁇ vanny ⁇ ⁇ az only ⁇ i presence znachi ⁇ elny ⁇ ⁇ bem ⁇ v em ⁇ s ⁇ n ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ b ⁇ u- d ⁇ vaniya for gid ⁇ s ⁇ a ⁇ iches ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ s ⁇ ya. With this process, it takes a lot of time, and it also takes advantage of the convenient reagent treatment of stable emulsions.
  • the filtering-coalescing layer of foreign materials will process a simple structure, which is fixed in the process of material deactivation. Efficiency of coalescence of a water droplet is rather high, but a deep unloading is achieved after the separation of devices of a with the content of water in emulsified products in products of 1, 5% of the total. Accumulation of the aqueous phase in the filtering case, the indirect delayed evacuation of coarse-dispersed moisture due to the slight increase in the temperature of the product, increases An increase in the pressure in the filtering process leads to the washing out of small fractions of the material, the small finely dispersed emulsion, and, consequently, the decrease in the value is significant.
  • the filtering-corrosive circuit is made up of sections compiled from plastic plates that have been strengthened at a lower angle of gravity.
  • An increase in productivity up to 350-400 m / h may result in a drop of an input phase with a cleaned product.
  • P ⁇ s ⁇ avlennaya task d ⁇ s ⁇ igae ⁇ sya ⁇ em, ch ⁇ for glub ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ azdeleniya emulgi ⁇ - vanny ⁇ uglev ⁇ d ⁇ dny ⁇ s ⁇ ed is ⁇ lzuyu ⁇ s ⁇ s ⁇ b ⁇ alestsi ⁇ uyuschey ⁇ il ⁇ atsii che ⁇ ez sl ⁇ y, ⁇ eds ⁇ avl ⁇ nny ⁇ m ⁇ zitsiey ⁇ il ⁇ uyusche- ⁇ alestsi ⁇ uyuschi ⁇ ma ⁇ e ⁇ ial ⁇ v in ⁇ a- ches ⁇ ve ⁇ y ⁇ is ⁇ lzuyu ⁇ ⁇ m ⁇ zitsiyu of nab ⁇ a ⁇ is ⁇ -yacheis ⁇ y ⁇ me ⁇ all ⁇ v and / or s ⁇ lav ⁇ v and ⁇ is ⁇ -yacheis ⁇ y ⁇ ⁇ lime ⁇ ny ⁇ materials with a
  • FIG. 1 It depicts a general view of the device (option I), a simple version;
  • Figure 2. - sectional filtering-adsorbent package, cutting-off floor - 25 new sectional (working) section, separate section;
  • Figure 5. devotes a general view of the device (version II), a simple section; Figure 6. - sectional unit ⁇ , transversal complete complete transverse (other) cross-section, integral transverse section;
  • ⁇ ⁇ use 1 us ⁇ ys ⁇ va, s ⁇ de ⁇ zhaschem ⁇ a ⁇ ub ⁇ i: vv ⁇ da emulgi ⁇ vann ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ a (2) vyv ⁇ da ⁇ b ⁇ zv ⁇ zhenn ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ du ⁇ a (3) and av ⁇ ma ⁇ izi ⁇ vann ⁇ g ⁇ vyv ⁇ da v ⁇ dn ⁇ y ⁇ azy (4,5) us ⁇ anavlivae ⁇ sya ⁇ alestsi ⁇ uyuschy vlag ⁇ deli ⁇ elny ⁇ a ⁇ e ⁇ 6 ⁇ i following eg ⁇ ⁇ m ⁇ n ⁇ v ⁇ e of s ⁇ tsy 7 ( ⁇ ig.2,3) .
  • the purpose of this is to separate the main mass of the discontinued particles of water from the emulsified product in the process of using the P ⁇ i ⁇ imalny ⁇ for vy ⁇ lneniya ⁇ un ⁇ tsii ⁇ alestsentsii ⁇ azme ⁇ a ⁇ and ⁇ l ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ i ⁇ is ⁇ -yacheis ⁇ y s ⁇ u ⁇ u ⁇ y, ⁇ na bude ⁇ still vyde ⁇ zhiva ⁇ and me ⁇ aniches ⁇ ie nag ⁇ uz ⁇ i ⁇ i gid ⁇ uda ⁇ a ⁇ , ⁇ ed ⁇ v ⁇ aschaya v ⁇ zm ⁇ zhnuyu d ⁇ matsiyu ⁇ lim ⁇ n ⁇ g ⁇ ma ⁇ e ⁇
  • zazorya between the wall and the metal-free material ⁇ ⁇ 98/07494 ⁇ S ⁇ / ⁇ SH7 / 00266 camping ⁇ i ⁇ m ⁇ schi lyub ⁇ g ⁇ , ⁇ ednaznachenn ⁇ g ⁇ for e ⁇ y goal ma ⁇ e ⁇ iala and s ⁇ s ⁇ ba and between s ⁇ n ⁇ y a ⁇ a ⁇ a ⁇ a and ⁇ lime ⁇ nym ma ⁇ e ⁇ ial ⁇ m zaz ⁇ is ⁇ lyuchae ⁇ sya on account ⁇ l ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ i, s ⁇ z- davaem ⁇ y ⁇ evysheniem diame ⁇ a sl ⁇ ev (dis ⁇ v) ma ⁇ e ⁇ iala ⁇ ⁇ n ⁇ sheniyu ⁇ diame ⁇ u appliance.
  • the device operates the following way. ⁇ bv ⁇ dnennaya emulsion ne ⁇ e ⁇ du ⁇ - ⁇ a ⁇ s ⁇ u ⁇ ae ⁇ che ⁇ ez ⁇ a ⁇ ub ⁇ 2 ⁇ iemnuyu Part a ⁇ a ⁇ a ⁇ a, ⁇ e ⁇ echn ⁇ e section ⁇ - g ⁇ ⁇ ln ⁇ s ⁇ yu or chas ⁇ ichn ⁇ ⁇ e ⁇ e ⁇ y ⁇ vlag ⁇ deli ⁇ elnym ⁇ a ⁇ e ⁇ m 6.
  • Blag ⁇ da ⁇ ya ⁇ le ⁇ ilnym sv ⁇ ys ⁇ vam ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ i is ⁇ lzuemy ⁇ me ⁇ alliches ⁇ i ⁇ and ⁇ lime ⁇ ny ⁇ Ma-
  • a simple-to-clean moisture-separating device is filled in the first phase of a carbohydrate-free emulsified medium.
  • the 25th interstitial section due to the extraordinarily developed network of cells and distribution, is designed to ensure the coalescence of small particles due to an increased emissivity.
  • the first phase "squeezed out" of the legitimate sec- ⁇ ⁇ 9807494 ° ⁇ / ⁇ 7 / 00266, flows, accumulating at the very bottom of the appliance, without mixing with the dehydrated product, due to the absence of burden. Purified from impurities, deeply dehydrated product is discharged from the appliance through the unit 3.
  • ⁇ az ⁇ ushenie us ⁇ ychivy ⁇ uglev ⁇ d ⁇ dny ⁇ emulsions ( ⁇ a ⁇ i ⁇ , ⁇ a ⁇ ne ⁇ yanye in shi ⁇ - ⁇ m in ⁇ e ⁇ vale ⁇ bv ⁇ dnenn ⁇ s ⁇ i) and ⁇ a ⁇ zhe in ⁇ ensi ⁇ i ⁇ atsiyu s ⁇ vmes ⁇ n ⁇ y ⁇ dg ⁇ v ⁇ i ne ⁇ i and v ⁇ dy ne ⁇ s ⁇ eds ⁇ venn ⁇ on ne ⁇ e ⁇ mysla ⁇ ⁇ susches ⁇ vlyayu ⁇ on us ⁇ ys ⁇ ve ⁇ va ⁇ ian ⁇ u II.
  • V ⁇ da in ne ⁇ i ⁇ ⁇ i ⁇ u "ne ⁇ in v ⁇ de" ⁇ is ⁇ di ⁇ ⁇ chen e ⁇ e ⁇ ivn ⁇ e dis ⁇ e ⁇ gi ⁇ vanie ⁇ az with ⁇ b ⁇ az ⁇ vaniem ⁇ azlichn ⁇ y value dis ⁇ e ⁇ sn ⁇ s ⁇ i n ⁇ yany ⁇ chas ⁇ its with ⁇ chnymi ⁇ b ⁇ l ⁇ ch ⁇ ami v ⁇ dny ⁇ ass ⁇ tsia ⁇ v, ch ⁇ izmenyae ⁇ ⁇ a ⁇ a ⁇ e ⁇ i ⁇ vzaim ⁇ deys ⁇ viya with ⁇ le ⁇ il- n ⁇ y ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ yu me ⁇ alliches ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ is ⁇ -yacheis ⁇ g ⁇ ma ⁇ e ⁇ iala.
  • P ⁇ edlagaem ⁇ e us ⁇ ys ⁇ v ⁇ ⁇ va ⁇ ian ⁇ u II ( ⁇ ig.5.)
  • the outdoor unit 2 is equipped with a separate dispenser 12.
  • Each layer of material 9 (Fig. 4), integral or integral, has a uniform, cellular structure with a diameter of a single cell (or bliegaz). Uniform materials are accumulated in optimal quantities, without interim between them and are limited for the harshness of armamentous events, 7.
  • the first outlet is made up of the least dense material, i.e. with the largest size of the cell and the pressure selected with regard to the particularities for each economical option.
  • Each of the following sections is similarly made from a material with a greater accessibility to industrial equipment, i.e. with a smaller size of the cell and ⁇ ⁇ compared with the material of each previous section.
  • Se ⁇ tsii ⁇ las ⁇ in ma ⁇ e ⁇ ial ⁇ v, s ⁇ s ⁇ avlyayuschi ⁇ bl ⁇ ⁇ , nab ⁇ any without ⁇ mezhu ⁇ v therebetween and ⁇ anal ⁇ gii with bl ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ l ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ ⁇ is ⁇ -yacheis ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ s ⁇ ans ⁇ va uve- lichivae ⁇ sya ⁇ se ⁇ tsii ⁇ se ⁇ tsii.
  • Layers of materials in the section ⁇ of the unit ⁇ are accumulated without interferences between them and with a slope not lower than the angle of fluid leakage; are excluded and between the sections in the block itself.
  • the unit is mounted on a slanted terminal 10 above the simple intermittent one; ⁇ a ⁇ im ⁇ b ⁇ az ⁇ m, m ⁇ zhdu bl ⁇ ami ⁇ and ⁇ in ⁇ il ⁇ uyusche- ⁇ alestsi ⁇ uyuschem ⁇ a ⁇ e ⁇ e ⁇ b ⁇ azue ⁇ sya ⁇ s ⁇ ynaya z ⁇ na 11 in ⁇ y ⁇ is ⁇ di ⁇ ⁇ assl ⁇ enie emulsion on account knowledge chi ⁇ eln ⁇ g ⁇ u ⁇ u ⁇ neniya dis ⁇ e ⁇ sny ⁇ chas ⁇ its ⁇ bei ⁇ ⁇ az ⁇ sle i ⁇ vy ⁇ da of ⁇ lime ⁇ n ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 98/07494 9 ⁇
  • the device operates the following way. S ⁇ y ⁇ aya ne ⁇ yanaya emulsion lyub ⁇ y s ⁇ e ⁇ enyu ⁇ bv ⁇ dnenn ⁇ s ⁇ i ⁇ d na ⁇ m che ⁇ ez ⁇ mezhu ⁇ chnuyu em ⁇ s ⁇ where m ⁇ zhe ⁇ ⁇ se- da ⁇ znachi ⁇ elnaya Part me ⁇ imes ⁇ y, ⁇ avn ⁇ me ⁇ nym ⁇ m che ⁇ ez ⁇ as ⁇ edeli ⁇ el- n ⁇ e us ⁇ ys ⁇ v ⁇ 12 ⁇ as ⁇ l ⁇ zhenn ⁇ e in ⁇ use 1 s ⁇ s ⁇ ny v ⁇ dn ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ a ⁇ ub ⁇ a 2 ⁇ s ⁇ u ⁇ a- e ⁇ on ⁇ e ⁇ vy ⁇ ⁇ du bl ⁇ se ⁇ tsy ⁇ Oscillating package.
  • the concentration of ⁇ ⁇ ezul ⁇ a ⁇ e, ⁇ m ⁇ e movement ⁇ a s ⁇ e ⁇ en ⁇ assl ⁇ eniya ⁇ az increase chivae ⁇ sya on s ⁇ l ⁇ , ch ⁇ on you ⁇ ⁇ de of ⁇ sledney se ⁇ tsii ⁇ lim ⁇ n ⁇ g ⁇ bl ⁇ a, blag ⁇ da ⁇ ya d ⁇ lni ⁇ eln ⁇ mu ⁇ e ⁇ emeshivaniyu and ⁇ alestsentsii u ⁇ u ⁇ nivshi ⁇ sya ⁇ a ⁇ el, vyzha ⁇ y ⁇ of elas ⁇ ichn ⁇ g ⁇ ma ⁇ e ⁇ iala in ⁇ s ⁇ yn ⁇ y z ⁇ ne 11 ⁇ b ⁇ azue ⁇ sya two sl ⁇ ya with che ⁇
  • the deep separation effect of the phase results in an aqueous emulsion which does not contain impurities of the phase, pumping in the environment, excluding the occurrence of P ⁇ i is ⁇ lz ⁇ vanii ⁇ edlagaem ⁇ g ⁇ us ⁇ ys ⁇ va in ⁇ e ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ gii ⁇ dg ⁇ v ⁇ i ne ⁇ i and v ⁇ dy ne ⁇ s ⁇ eds ⁇ venn ⁇ on ⁇ mysla ⁇ , znachi ⁇ eln ⁇ u ⁇ schae ⁇ sya, ⁇ a ⁇ ⁇ sn ⁇ vnaya ⁇ e ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ giches ⁇ aya s ⁇ ema, ⁇ a ⁇ and s ⁇ ema ⁇ ach ⁇ i ⁇ i znachi ⁇ eln ⁇ y e ⁇ n ⁇ mii ma ⁇ e ⁇ ial ⁇ v and en ⁇ gii.
  • E ⁇ ivn ⁇ s ⁇ is ⁇ lz ⁇ vaniya ⁇ eds ⁇ avlenn ⁇ y ⁇ il ⁇ uyusche- ⁇ alestsi ⁇ uyuschey ⁇ m ⁇ zitsii in ⁇ tsesse ⁇ chis ⁇ i and ⁇ bezv ⁇ zhivaniya uglev ⁇ d ⁇ dn ⁇ g ⁇ szhizhenn ⁇ g ⁇
  • the device is designed for a wide range of productivity.
  • the net emulsion of the type "non-water” with a high degree of simplicity is eliminated through the equipment (option II), which is equipped with a non-removable filter.
  • the first outlet of the unit is made up of a fully assembled unit in order to increase the accessibility of the processing unit of the site.
  • the main unit has been compiled from a commercially-available and non-metallic unit (first sections) from the 5
  • the device is designed for production of a strong feed pump.
  • PRODUCTIVITY OF THE PUMP The content of water in the net, at the supply of emulsified% ob.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à des techniques de séparation d'émulsions d'hydrocarbures et, de préférence, d'émulsions du type 'eau dans l'huile' et 'huile dans l'eau'. Ce procédé de séparation et de déshydratation de milieux hydrocarbures à l'état d'émulsions consiste à effectuer la filtration coalescente de ces émulsions à travers une composition de matériaux comprenant des métaux poreux et cellulaires et/ou des alliages et des matériaux polymères poreux et cellulaires. Le dispositif de déshydratation de ces milieux hydrocarbures comprend un corps (1), ainsi qu'un conduit d'alimentation en émulsion (2), un conduit d'évacuation du produit hydrocarbure déshydraté (3), et des conduits d'évacuation de la phase aqueuse (4, 5). Le corps (1) comprend également une unité coalescente et de filtration à plusieurs sections (6), laquelle se situe en travers de la section de travail et comprend des sections (7) se composant de plaques faites de matériaux poreux et cellulaires (8). Ces plaques sont disposées en couches (9) sur toute la section de travail, et selon un angle par rapport au flux en circulation au moins égal à l'angle d'écoulement du fluide vers l'extérieur. Lorsque l'on veut désagréger des émulsions d'hydrocarbures possédant une faible stabilité, la première et la dernière section de l'unité de filtration coalescente sont faites d'un métal ou d'un alliage, tandis que la section intermédiaire est faite d'un matériau polymère (1ère variante). Lorsque l'on veut désagréger des émulsions hydrocarbures stables et hydratées, et obtenir du pétrole et de l'eau à des fins industrielles tout en maintenant un niveau élevé de séparation des phases, l'unité de filtration coalescente se compose de deux groupes (A, B) de sections qui sont séparés par une zone de dépôt (11). Le premier groupe (A), tel que vu dans le sens de l'écoulement depuis le conduit d'admission (2), se compose de plaques d'un matériau polymère poreux et cellulaire, et comporte des intervalles séparant les sections. Ces plaques sont disposées dans un ordre correspondant à l'accroissement de la densité de la structure poreuse et cellulaire d'une couche à l'autre. Le second groupe (B) de sections consiste en une composition de matériaux poreux, cellulaires, métalliques et polymères. Les plaques faites de ces matériaux sont disposées en couches dans les sections, dans un ordre correspondant à l'accroissement de la densité des cellules et des pores d'une section à l'autre, et selon un angle par rapport au flux en circulation au moins égal à l'angle d'écoulement du fluide vers l'extérieur. Les premières sections sont faites d'un métal ou un alliage, tandis que la dernière section est faite d'un matériau polymère (2ème variante).
PCT/RU1997/000266 1996-08-20 1997-08-20 Procede et dispositif de deshydratation de milieux hydrocarbures WO1998007494A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU96115605 1996-08-20
RU96115605/25A RU2094083C1 (ru) 1996-08-20 1996-08-20 Устройство для разделения эмульсий
RU97106318 1997-04-25
RU97106318/25A RU2105585C1 (ru) 1997-04-25 1997-04-25 Устройство ддя разделения эмульсий
RU97106317A RU2105584C1 (ru) 1997-04-25 1997-04-25 Устройство для разделения эмульсий
RU97106317 1997-04-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998007494A1 true WO1998007494A1 (fr) 1998-02-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003504719A (ja) * 1999-06-30 2003-02-04 シルバーブルック リサーチ ピーティーワイ リミテッド インタラクティブなプリンタ報酬スキーム

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1307812A (en) * 1969-02-18 1973-02-21 Dunlop Holdings Ltd Method for separating immiscible liquids
EP0187564A1 (fr) * 1984-11-27 1986-07-16 Sofrance S.A. Séparateur de liquides non miscibles utilisant un milieu coalescent
EP0336398A2 (fr) * 1988-04-06 1989-10-11 Manfred Lorey Elément de séparateur
RU95103798A (ru) * 1995-03-15 1997-01-10 А.М. Зобов Устройство для разделения эмульсий

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1307812A (en) * 1969-02-18 1973-02-21 Dunlop Holdings Ltd Method for separating immiscible liquids
EP0187564A1 (fr) * 1984-11-27 1986-07-16 Sofrance S.A. Séparateur de liquides non miscibles utilisant un milieu coalescent
EP0336398A2 (fr) * 1988-04-06 1989-10-11 Manfred Lorey Elément de séparateur
RU95103798A (ru) * 1995-03-15 1997-01-10 А.М. Зобов Устройство для разделения эмульсий

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003504719A (ja) * 1999-06-30 2003-02-04 シルバーブルック リサーチ ピーティーワイ リミテッド インタラクティブなプリンタ報酬スキーム
JP4755373B2 (ja) * 1999-06-30 2011-08-24 シルバーブルック リサーチ ピーティワイ リミテッド インタラクティブなプリンタ報酬スキーム

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