WO1998003769A1 - A disc cutter - Google Patents
A disc cutter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998003769A1 WO1998003769A1 PCT/AU1997/000455 AU9700455W WO9803769A1 WO 1998003769 A1 WO1998003769 A1 WO 1998003769A1 AU 9700455 W AU9700455 W AU 9700455W WO 9803769 A1 WO9803769 A1 WO 9803769A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hub
- hardmetal
- cutter
- cutting ring
- ring
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 ore Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
- E21D9/104—Cutting tool fixtures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/12—Roller bits with discs cutters
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/16—Machines slitting solely by one or more rotating saws, cutting discs, or wheels
- E21C25/18—Saws; Discs; Wheels
Definitions
- This invention relates to a disc cutter and particularly relates to a disc cutter for a rock working machine including machines used in underground mining and for tunnel boring.
- Rock working machines are used in underground mines to excavate rock, or other materials such as ore, coal and the like, and have a rotary head of about the diameter desired for the amount of excavation required.
- the rotary head has a surface on which a number of disc cutters are located.
- Each disc cutter has a cutting ring mounted to a hub, the hub being mounted to a shaft.
- the rotary head is pushed hard up against the rock face and rotated which places an enormous force onto the disc cutters which in turn cut grooves in the rock face.
- the enormous force also fractures the rock allowing it to be excavated.
- the amount of radial force on the disc cutter varies depending on the type and hardness of the rock to be excavated, but a typical peak force is about 100 tonnes.
- the cutting rings on many conventional disc cutters are made from steel .
- the steel rings blunt very quickly in abrasive rock and become uneconomical due to the downtime of the machine during replacement of the disc cutters.
- the present invention is directed to a disc cutter which can use a hardmetal, such as a tungsten carbide ring, attached to a ferrous metal hub characterised in that the hub contains a hardmetal footing to support the ring.
- a hardmetal such as a tungsten carbide ring
- the hub contains a hardmetal footing to support the ring.
- the invention resides in a disc cutter for a rock working machine, the disc cutter having a hardmetal cutting ring attached to a hub, characterised in that the hub has a footing portion formed of hardmetal to support the cutting ring.
- the incidence of breaking or cracking of the tungsten carbide ring can be significantly reduced if the ring is supported on a hardmetal footing rather than supported directly on a non-hardmetal (such as ferrous metal) hub. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it appears that the interface stress between the ring and the hub interface is reduced to below a critical level by providing a hardmetal footing. While the entire hub can be formed of hardmetal, it is preferred that the hub has a main body portion formed from a non-hardmetal with only the footing portion formed of hardmetal. The footing portion is typically annular to support a continuous cutting ring.
- the disc cutter of the invention having the hardmetal cutting ring, outperforms any conventional disc cutter with a steel cutting ring, and also outperforms any disc cutter having a tungsten carbide ring on a plain metal hub, because of the reduction in breaking or cracking of the ring due to the ring/hub interface stresses.
- the disc cutter of the invention is cheaper and easier to manufacture as much of the hub can be formed from conventional ferrous metal, with only a footing portion of the hub formed from hardmetal. Further, should the disc cutter become worn or damaged, it is only necessary to replace the hardmetal cutting ring.
- the disc cutter can be used as a cutting tool on a rock working machine.
- rock working is meant to include, but not be limited to, tunnel boring, raise boring, mine shaft excavation, ore recovery in mines, coal recovery, and surface excavation and cutting.
- the term rock working is not limited to tunnelling or mining, and the disc cutter can also be used to cut grooves, channels and the like in almost any type of solid material.
- soft materials such as coal
- a normal steel cutting ring would be sufficient, and the disc cutter according to the invention would typically be used with a machine for excavating harder types of rock, or a solid where hard rock portions are likely to be encountered (for instance in tunnelling).
- hardmetal is known in the art and includes metal alloys such as carbides, and cemented carbides such as tungsten carbides and cobalt cemented tungsten carbides. Throughout the specification and claims the term “hardmetal” is also meant to include non metal materials which have the same hardness as the above materials; and an example of such a non metal material is a ceramic.
- the hard metal ring has a hardness of HV3 of 900 or more.
- a cemented tungsten carbide ring formed of tungsten carbide and cobalt is suitable.
- a suitable tungsten carbide ring is one having over 80% and preferably about 87% of tungsten carbide in a cobalt binder.
- Such a ring has a hardness HV3 of 1070, a density of 14.2g/cm and a stiffness (Youngs Modulus) of GPa 450.
- the hub can be a more or less standard-type hub used on conventional disc cutters.
- the hub is rotatably attached to a non-rotating shaft containing roller bearings such that the ring and the hub can be rotated together.
- the hub has a main body portion formed from conventional material which usually comprises steel or ferrous metal such as cast iron, and which is adapted to be mounted to the shaft.
- the hub has a peripheral side wall and the peripheral side wall is provided with a footing portion which can extend about the hub and on which the cutting ring is supported.
- the footing portion is formed from hardmetal and it is found that this arrangement minimises breaking or cracking of the hardmetal ring when attached to a non-hardmetal hub.
- the footing portion may be formed of a hardmetal which is identical to or different to the hardmetal of the cutting ring; but it is preferred that the footing portion has a stiffness similar or greater to that of the hardmetal ring.
- the footing portion may also be formed from tungsten carbide, and while the footing portion should be harder than the main body portion of the hub, it is not necessary for the footing portion to be of the same hardness as the cutting ring.
- the cutting ring may have a substantially planar inner portion and a rounded or otherwise curved outer cutting portion. It is preferred that the inner portion and the footing portion mate together to allow distribution of the load. It is envisaged that if the inner portion is not planar, it should be of a configuration to complement the shape of the footing such that the outer ring can mate with the footing portion.
- the hub can be formed with the hardmetal footing portion and the non-hardmetal main body portion by a CIC process which is a known cast-in-carbide process. In this process, the hardmetal (for instance tungsten carbide) is metallurgically bonded to the nodular cast iron base. Alternatively, the footing portion can be formed separately and fitted to the main body portion.
- clamp rings are known in the art and clamp on one or both sides of the cutting ring to prevent the cutting ring from slipping on the hub.
- Figures 2A - 2G show various alternative shapes of the hard metal cutting ring.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of the disc cutter of Figure 1.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a disc cutter 10 having a hardmetal cutting ring 11 and a hub 12 which has a main body portion 13 formed from a non- hardmetal material, and an annular peripheral footing portion 14 formed from hardmetal.
- Support rings 15, 16 provide side support to the hardmetal ring 11.
- Clamp rings 28,29 are provided on the outside of the support rings 15,16 to securely hold the support rings and the hardmetal ring 11 in position.
- Hub 12 has a more or less conventional design for disc cutters and includes a bore to allow the hub to be mounted to a shaft in the usual manner.
- Hub 12 has a main body portion 13 which is formed from conventional cast iron or steel.
- the main body portion has an inner wall 17 and an outer wall 18.
- Inner wall 17 is made entirely of the conventional ferrous metal hub material
- footing portion 14 is formed from 75% tungsten carbide and 25% cobalt binder.
- the footing portion has a hardness HV3 750, a density of 13g/cm 3 and a stiffness of GPa 450.
- the footing portion is cast integrally with the conventional main body portion 13 using a cast in carbide (CIC) process which is known.
- CIC cast in carbide
- the process forms the composite hub having the main body portion and the footing portion where the hard metal footing portion is metallurgically bonded to the main body portion.
- a transition zone of about 5mm extends between the two materials, and over the transition zone, the properties gradually change from tungsten carbide to cast iron or steel. It is however envisaged that the footing could be formed separately and fitted into a corresponding recess on the main body portion.
- Footing portion 14 has a first area of l ⁇ irger cross-section 19 which is within the periphery of outer wall 18 of the main body portion, and has a sescond extending or proud area 20 of smaller cross-section. The footing thereby presents a pair of upstanding shoulder portions 21, 22.
- Cutting ring 11 is formed from tungsten carbide and the composition is 87% tungsten carbide and 13% cobalt binder.
- the cutting ring has a hardness HV3 1070, a density of 14.2g/cm and a stiffness of greater than GPa 450.
- the cutting ring 11 has a domed upper portion 23, a substantially straight lower edge area 24, and a flat base portion 25.
- the width of base portion 25 is substantially the same as the width of the extending second area 20 of footing portion 14.
- Support rings 15, 16 function to prevent cutting ring 11 from slipping over its footing portion 14.
- Support rings 15, 16 have substantially straight clamping faces 26, 27 which are dimensioned to press against the shoulder portions 21, 22 of footing portion 14 and also against the lower edge area 24 of cutting ring 11.
- Two clamp rings 28,29 are provided to clamp the support rings 15,16 and the hardmetal ring 11 in place.
- the clamp rings are pressed into grooves 30,31 machined on the hub 13.
- the clamp rings are split rings to facilitate attachment of the rings onto the hub.
- Figures 2A - 2G illustrate some variations to the cross-section of the cutting ring.
- the disc cutter according to the invention allows a disc cutter to be produced which has an extremely hard-wearing cutting ring having a reduced tendency to break or crack under the enormous compressive loads placed on it and on the hub. This is achieved by supporting the hardmetal ring on a footing which is also formed from hardmetal while the main body of the hub is formed from conventional cast iron or steel. While it may be possible to manufacture a hub entirely of hardmetal to provide the same reduced tendency for the cutting ring to break, this would be considerably more expensive to manufacture than the hub described above.
- the cutting ring can be made proportionally smaller, and particularly can have a smaller base width without increasing the risk of fracture of the ring under compressive loads. The enormous loads on the smaller base width can be supported and distributed by the footing portion. When the cutting ring does become worn, it can be simply replaced and there is no need to replace the hub of the disc cutter.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU34298/97A AU3429897A (en) | 1996-07-17 | 1997-07-17 | A disc cutter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPO1068A AUPO106896A0 (en) | 1996-07-17 | 1996-07-17 | A disc cutter |
AUPO1068 | 1996-07-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998003769A1 true WO1998003769A1 (en) | 1998-01-29 |
Family
ID=3795384
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU1997/000455 WO1998003769A1 (en) | 1996-07-17 | 1997-07-17 | A disc cutter |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AUPO106896A0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2261003A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998003769A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1319797A1 (en) * | 2001-12-15 | 2003-06-18 | Sandra Duden | Cutter ring of a roller disc in part and whole section boring machines |
CN103244138A (en) * | 2013-05-18 | 2013-08-14 | 大连理工大学 | Design method of slidingly-supported disc-shaped hob of heading machine |
CN110318764A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏大学 | A kind of dismountable tipped blade cutter ring of disc cutter of hard rock driving |
CN111119915A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-08 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | High-strength TBM (tunnel boring machine) center knife box and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU4838672A (en) * | 1971-11-10 | 1974-05-02 | Bouygues S.A. | A boring tool |
GB2185768A (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-07-29 | Boart Int Ltd | Disc cutter for rock working machines |
-
1996
- 1996-07-17 AU AUPO1068A patent/AUPO106896A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
1997
- 1997-07-17 CA CA002261003A patent/CA2261003A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-07-17 WO PCT/AU1997/000455 patent/WO1998003769A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU4838672A (en) * | 1971-11-10 | 1974-05-02 | Bouygues S.A. | A boring tool |
GB2185768A (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-07-29 | Boart Int Ltd | Disc cutter for rock working machines |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1319797A1 (en) * | 2001-12-15 | 2003-06-18 | Sandra Duden | Cutter ring of a roller disc in part and whole section boring machines |
CN103244138A (en) * | 2013-05-18 | 2013-08-14 | 大连理工大学 | Design method of slidingly-supported disc-shaped hob of heading machine |
CN110318764A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏大学 | A kind of dismountable tipped blade cutter ring of disc cutter of hard rock driving |
CN111119915A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-08 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | High-strength TBM (tunnel boring machine) center knife box and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AUPO106896A0 (en) | 1996-08-08 |
CA2261003A1 (en) | 1998-01-29 |
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