WO1998000362A1 - Elektrode zur herstellung von höheren fullerenen nach dem krätschmer-huffman-lichtbogenverfahren - Google Patents
Elektrode zur herstellung von höheren fullerenen nach dem krätschmer-huffman-lichtbogenverfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998000362A1 WO1998000362A1 PCT/DE1997/001398 DE9701398W WO9800362A1 WO 1998000362 A1 WO1998000362 A1 WO 1998000362A1 DE 9701398 W DE9701398 W DE 9701398W WO 9800362 A1 WO9800362 A1 WO 9800362A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- graphite
- fullerenes
- oxygen
- higher fullerenes
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/152—Fullerenes
- C01B32/154—Preparation
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrode for the production of higher fullerenes by the Krätschmer-Huffman arc process.
- rod-shaped graphite electrodes are vaporized in an electric arc in a recipient filled with helium as the cooling gas.
- the carbon vapor condenses into small particles that can then be collected and examined.
- the He current has the effect that the agglomerates, to which the vaporized C atoms initially assemble, are kept near the arc for such a long time that they bulge into an energetically favorable structure and can close into cages.
- the electrode to be evaporated has been provided with substances which act as a catalyst according to the prior art.
- substances which act as a catalyst for example, in "Progress in Fullerene Research, International Winterschool on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials", ed. By H. Kuzmany, J. Fink, M. Mehring and S. Roth, (World Scientific, 1994) pp. 74 described that electrodes made of graphite and filled with hafnium carbide (HfC) are used.
- HfC hafnium carbide
- the object is achieved in that the graphite electrode contains material that is foreign to oxygen, the boiling point of which differs only slightly from the vaporization point of the graphite.
- Carbon itself also already acts as a getter material, which creates CO and could destroy the fullerenes C n that are also formed.
- the introduction of oxygen-gettering material into the graphite electrodes thus also counteracts this undesirable reaction.
- the oxygen-permeable material has substances which belong to the group Hf, Zr, Ti. These getter materials have been found to be particularly beneficial in the investigations carried out.
- the oxygen-permeable material is contained in the electrode in a concentration of 0.1 to 1% by weight.
- the getter materials are applied as an additional layer on the graphite electrode or filled as pressed pills in a bore arranged centrally to the longitudinal direction of the graphite electrode.
- the O 2 partial pressure in the reaction chamber is reduced, which is due to the getter effect of the evaporating metals and thus indirectly supports the formation of higher fullerenes.
- their yield can be significantly increased.
- the Krätschmer Huffman arc process is carried out in an evacuated reaction chamber, the pressure is set to 5 10 -5 mbar by means of a turbo-molecular pump.
- the arc discharge is carried out in a continuous He current (200 mbar).
- the distance between the electrodes is kept at a constant value (4 mm) during the discharge by advancing the anode at 1.8 mm / min.
- the current is 150 A, the voltage 24.5 V for this electrode configuration.
- the arc discharge is carried out both with pure graphite electrodes and with graphite electrodes which are covered with a 300 nm thick Ti layer.
- the result can be clearly seen in the HPLC chromatograms of the fullerene samples formed in each case - the absorption capacity as a function of the retention time is shown in FIG. 1.
- the chromatograms of solutions of the same concentration were made.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19780627T DE19780627B4 (de) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-06-27 | Elektrode zur Herstellung von höheren Fullerenen nach dem Krätschmer-Huffman-Lichtbogenverfahren |
AU36188/97A AU3618897A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-06-27 | Electrode for producing higher fullerenes by the kratschmer-huffman arc process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19627338A DE19627338A1 (de) | 1996-06-28 | 1996-06-28 | Elektrode zur Herstellung von höheren Fullerenen nach dem Krätschmer-Huffman-Lichtbogenverfahren |
DE19627338.2 | 1996-06-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998000362A1 true WO1998000362A1 (de) | 1998-01-08 |
Family
ID=7799153
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1997/001398 WO1998000362A1 (de) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-06-27 | Elektrode zur herstellung von höheren fullerenen nach dem krätschmer-huffman-lichtbogenverfahren |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU3618897A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19627338A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998000362A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10301722B4 (de) * | 2002-07-22 | 2009-12-10 | Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung endohedraler Fullerene |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4335915A1 (de) * | 1993-10-21 | 1995-04-27 | Roggenkamp Karl Heinz | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Fullerenen und dotierten Buckmister Fullereren aus kohlenstoffhaltigen Granulaten und Stäuben und der Beigabe von Metallen oder seltenen Erden, wobei der zu verdampfende Rohstoff in einer tassenartigen hochtemperaturfesten Umhüllung sich befindet |
-
1996
- 1996-06-28 DE DE19627338A patent/DE19627338A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-06-27 WO PCT/DE1997/001398 patent/WO1998000362A1/de active Application Filing
- 1997-06-27 DE DE19780627T patent/DE19780627B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-27 AU AU36188/97A patent/AU3618897A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4335915A1 (de) * | 1993-10-21 | 1995-04-27 | Roggenkamp Karl Heinz | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Fullerenen und dotierten Buckmister Fullereren aus kohlenstoffhaltigen Granulaten und Stäuben und der Beigabe von Metallen oder seltenen Erden, wobei der zu verdampfende Rohstoff in einer tassenartigen hochtemperaturfesten Umhüllung sich befindet |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
ALMEIDA MURPHY ET AL.: "On the production of higher fullerenes with doped electrodes", SYNTHETIC METALS, vol. 77, 1996 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10301722B4 (de) * | 2002-07-22 | 2009-12-10 | Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung endohedraler Fullerene |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19780627B4 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
DE19780627D2 (de) | 1999-06-17 |
AU3618897A (en) | 1998-01-21 |
DE19627338A1 (de) | 1998-01-02 |
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