WO1997049524A1 - Systeme de mesure et de traitement, procede et appareil afferents - Google Patents

Systeme de mesure et de traitement, procede et appareil afferents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997049524A1
WO1997049524A1 PCT/JP1997/002203 JP9702203W WO9749524A1 WO 1997049524 A1 WO1997049524 A1 WO 1997049524A1 JP 9702203 W JP9702203 W JP 9702203W WO 9749524 A1 WO9749524 A1 WO 9749524A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
processing
measurement
cutting
data
measuring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1997/002203
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuhisa Sugai
Takashi Hirosawa
Kazuhide Shimura
Manabu Oota
Makoto Sakazume
Original Assignee
Kabushiki Kaisya Advance
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP18267896A external-priority patent/JPH106143A/ja
Priority claimed from JP22616096A external-priority patent/JP3482077B2/ja
Application filed by Kabushiki Kaisya Advance filed Critical Kabushiki Kaisya Advance
Priority to AU32747/97A priority Critical patent/AU3274797A/en
Publication of WO1997049524A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997049524A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
    • A61C13/0004—Computer-assisted sizing or machining of dental prostheses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
    • A61C13/0006—Production methods
    • A61C13/0009—Production methods using a copying machine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
    • A61C13/0022—Blanks or green, unfinished dental restoration parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35217—Cagd computer aided geometric design, sbgd scanning based geometric design

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic measurement by computer control and an apparatus for performing automatic processing based on the measurement information. More specifically, the present invention relates to an automatic computer system represented by a single CADZCAM device comprising a computer system for shape design, a servo control type NC device, and a mechanism for controlling the condition of an axis added thereto.
  • CADZCAM device CADZCAM device
  • it is possible to cut various materials such as dental prosthesis materials, which were difficult in the past, to produce precise dental prostheses, other dental materials, medical materials, and various imitations. It relates to a system that manufactures workpieces that are the same, similar or corresponding to the workpiece and the workpiece. Further, the present invention relates to the production of medical materials or dental materials using a cutting machine tool. Background art
  • dental prostheses have been manufactured and applied by the following methods.
  • a doctor forms an abutment on the patient's treated tooth, (2) obtains an impression of the tooth condition with an impression material, and (3) reproduces the impression with an impression stone.
  • Dental technician performs a wax-up on the duplicate, and (5) The finished wax pattern is made of metal (gold-silver palladium alloy) by the so-called roast-wax method.
  • (6) Make a dental prosthesis for the patient, and (6) adjust the inconsistency to fit the patient by oral examination of the patient.
  • a doctor forms an abutment on a patient's treated tooth, (2) obtains an impression of the tooth condition using an impression material, and (3) an impression stone.
  • a replica of impression gypsum is made with refractory stones, and (5) a dental technician applies dental porcelain with a brush on the refractory gypsum.
  • the doctor forms an abutment on the patient's treated tooth, (2) obtains an impression of the tooth condition using an impression material, and (3) reproduces the impression with a descendant for impression.
  • Measure the shape of the stone blue with a three-dimensional measuring instrument transfer this measurement data to the CADZCAM system, and (5) Convert the abutment tooth data to the inner surface data of the dental prosthesis using the CAD / CAM system.
  • the prosthetic crown data stored in advance is deformed according to the size of the inner surface data and transformed into a dental prosthesis shape by superposition.
  • Completed dental prosthesis The dental shape prosthesis is manufactured by cutting and shaping the object shape model with an NC machine, and (8) a physician performs an oral trial on the patient and adjusts and adjusts the mismatched part.
  • a method of moving a measuring device or a processing device is generally a method of fixing an X axis or a Y axis and moving a Y axis or an X axis and a Z axis. In other words, it is a method of moving the measuring equipment or processing equipment parallel to the rectangular coordinates.
  • the structure has thermal expansion and contraction, and this error cannot be ignored.
  • a stepping motor or servo motor is used as a motor for controlling the position of the NC machine tool. Therefore, the operation of the stepping motor or the servomotor is controlled in an open-loop manner in which data is discharged all at once. Therefore, when performing precise three-dimensional measurement or three-dimensional processing, it takes a long time to perform a precise operation.
  • NC machine tools have a jig for mounting measurement and machining equipment, measurement models and workpieces integrated with the main body. Therefore, measurement and processing methods are limited. Measuring and processing equipment is individually installed Since it comes out, three-dimensional processing becomes impossible. Also, besides the above
  • NC machine tools may be used as described above.
  • the vibration of the drill and the scattering of cuttings during machining may damage the measuring equipment.
  • the data taken in at the time of measurement increases the processing time due to the necessity of correction at the time of processing, and the accuracy of completed processed materials such as medical materials and dental materials is reduced due to occurrence of errors.
  • the measuring equipment and the processing equipment are damaged, it is necessary to perform the measurement and processing from the beginning due to the necessity of data correction, which requires more time.
  • the stabilization of the temperature during the operation of the cutting drill and the lump was insufficient, and the cutting drill and the lump were damaged, and the life of the cutting drill was short.
  • the cutting work is always a problem, because the cutting chips are always generated.
  • the work of cleaning the facets was performed using a brush, air brush, or vacuum cleaner, which required a great deal of labor.
  • a CADZ CAM system using a combi unit can be used to manufacture a partially or wholly modified or improved product, and a drive unit such as a single NC machine Equipment with a structure that only replaces the measuring and cutting parts, or both at the same time, more preferably based on a single closed droop, sabo control system
  • the aim is to propose a measurement processing system that can measure the model and cut the dental material with excellent biocompatibility to be precise, accurate and labor-saving.
  • a circumscribed circle is created according to the shape of the medical material or the dental material, and the measuring device or the processing device is moved radially from the center point. Therefore, the radially changing shape can be measured or processed with high accuracy.
  • the present invention has a detachable type and has a unified structure, has a function of mounting, replacing and rotating, a plurality of functions are provided, and a plurality of cutting processing equipment are provided.
  • the integrated configuration of the drill enables the precise positioning and fixing of workpieces used as measuring and processing equipment, measuring models, medical and dental materials.
  • the above-mentioned three-dimensional measurement refers to, for example, a contact type measuring device using a probe or the like, a laser non-contact type three-dimensional measuring device using a laser beam, or the like.
  • the three-dimensional machining device for example, cutting, drilling, electric discharge machining, or stereolithography is shown.
  • the medical materials shown in the present invention include those used in, for example, bone plates, osteosynthesis materials, artificial bones, artificial joints, artificial organs, and other medical prostheses.
  • Dental materials may be used in dental prostheses, dental implants, other dental treatments, or in seals, ornaments, etc., in shapes, structures, colors based on the model, and / or in one or more of these. This indicates a duplicate or part of or all of the duplicate that has been modified or improved.
  • the material of the agglomerate, that is, the work to be processed according to the present invention is a material that can be subjected to three-dimensional processing by a ceramic, a metal, a synthetic resin, and other three-dimensional processing machine tools. Not limited.
  • the lump is not particularly limited as long as it can be processed.
  • the material and shape of the lump are appropriately selected depending on the object to be processed, and examples thereof include a plate, a line, and a particle.
  • a central processing unit refers to a computer, workstation, or other device equipped with a central processing unit, whether general-purpose or dedicated, but any device that can perform data processing overnight. You may.
  • Peripheral devices for data storage include hard disk, floppy disk, magneto-optical disk, random access memory, IC card, and other devices for storing data. As long as it stores analog or digital data temporarily or continuously. Anything that can be stored can be suitably used, and is not particularly limited.
  • Encoders for detecting the position include a linear encoder attached to each axis table, a rotary encoder attached to a servomotor that is the power of each axis table, and the like. Not something.
  • the measuring and processing means in the present invention can use CAD / CAM, NC machine tool, etc., and the measuring device is a contact type three-dimensional measuring device, a laser, a measuring device using light, and the like.
  • the machine may be a machine using cutting drill, stereolithography, electric discharge machining, or the like.
  • a dental prosthesis made of a composite resin material can be manufactured quickly, accurately, and economically.
  • the closed droop * savo control method is used as a preferred example.
  • the numerical controller outputs a movement command to a motor used in a measuring and cutting machine, and when the motor moves, it is mounted on a rotary encoder attached to the motor or a moving shaft.
  • the linear encoder outputs the movement amount as pulse format data, and the output pulse data is fed back to the numerical controller, which enables accurate position detection, and enables accurate movement and stop. It is possible to do so.
  • this pulse data is sent to a numerical controller and simultaneously to a computer system for creating measurement data.
  • Computer system has an interface that receives an analog signal from an analog displacement contact probe attached to the main shaft, performs conversion internally as digital data, and converts this digital data into the original data. Then, the computer system outputs a movement command to the numerical controller, the motor operates, and when each axis (three axes) moves, the contact measuring element is displaced from the dental prosthesis model with which it is in contact. Occurs.
  • the computer system checks in real time whether the movement amount commanded to the numerical controller is being executed correctly. This makes it possible to stably measure the shape of a continuous dental prosthesis model without giving excessive stress to the contact type probe.
  • the measured data is weighted by the increment of the radius of the tip sphere of the contact probe. For this reason, the computer system can obtain the surface data of the dental prosthesis by subtracting the value corresponding to the radius of the tip sphere from all the acquired data.
  • the subtraction algorithm calculates the normal vector of the inclination of the surface of the dental prosthesis by differentiating the movement of the contact probe, and subtracts the radius from this direction.
  • the closed-loop control described in detail above it is possible to manufacture a medical material or a dental material with high accuracy by performing three-dimensional measurement and three-dimensional processing.
  • the processing speed of closed-loop three-dimensional measurement and three-dimensional processing is a problem, but high-speed measurement and processing can be achieved by distributing the data to multiple central processing units. o.
  • the system consisting of a computer that processes the data obtained as the measurement results and sends the processing data to the processing equipment uses the acquired dental prosthesis.
  • Numerical control data for machining G code
  • G code Numerical control data for machining
  • Cutting is performed by sending this numerical control data for processing to the NC processing machine.
  • the measuring instrument for performing the measurement and the NC processing machine for performing the processing are realized by only one CADZ CAM system, the cost can be reduced and the size can be reduced.
  • the shape around a model having a circular, elliptical, polygonal, or other complicated shape can be measured or processed with high precision.
  • Measureasuring and processing equipment measurement models and jigs for fixing workpieces can be fixed and detachable jigs that can be precisely determined, and the jigs can be unified so that they can be mounted and exchanged with each other By rotating the jig, the measurement model and the workpiece can be measured and processed with high accuracy in three dimensions.
  • the measuring equipment and the processing equipment can be installed on the same base jig, and the driving body such as a motor and the processing body such as a drill are integrated, and their shapes are combined with the measuring body such as a measurement probe.
  • the present invention realizes an apparatus in which a liquid tank is attached to a work part of a cutting machine tool so that a lump formed of a medical material or a dental material can be cut in liquid.
  • Material of the mass Indicates, for example, ceramics, metals, synthetic resins, and other materials that can be cut by a cutting machine.
  • the shape of the lump shows a cylindrical shape, a spherical shape, a rectangular parallelepiped, an approximate shape close to the final shape, and other shapes that can be cut by a cutting machine tool.
  • the size indicates a size that can be cut by a cutting machine tool.
  • Medical materials include those used in, for example, bone plates, osteosynthesis materials, artificial bones, artificial joints, artificial organs, and other medical prostheses.
  • Dental materials refer to dental prostheses, dental implants, and other materials used in dental treatment.
  • the means for cutting refers to, for example, NC machine tools, devices using CAD'CAM, and the like.
  • the cutting process indicates the process from a lump to the final shape, the process from the lump to an approximate shape close to the final shape, the process from the approximate shape to the final shape, and other possible cutting processes o
  • Liquid refers to water, oil, body fluid, simulated body fluid, saline, and other liquids.
  • Liquid temperature control in the liquid tank means that the liquid temperature is sensed using a heat sensor or the like, and the target temperature is kept constant using a heater or a cooler.
  • the liquid port flow in the liquid tank indicates that convection occurs in the liquid tank, and a device such as a pump or other device capable of flowing liquid is shown.
  • the timing of the port flow indicates when the cutting drill is in contact with a lump, when the cutting drill is operating, and other possible times of perfusion.
  • the above examples of the configuration of each unit are not limited to these.
  • the cutting drill or the mass can be cooled reliably, and the cutting drill or the mass is hardly damaged. .
  • the cutting temperature can be stabilized, thermal expansion of the cutting drill and the lump can be prevented, and a medical or dental material with high accuracy can be obtained.
  • the cut pieces generated in the step are not scattered, preventing danger to the human body.
  • the generated chips accumulate at the bottom of the liquid tank, they can be reliably collected, and cleaning work can be reduced.
  • a dental prosthesis When a dental prosthesis is created using the cutting machine tool of the present invention, the present conditions of dental technicians, such as impression sampling, gypsum model production, wax swap, construction mold production, and dental prosthesis Since part of the manual work such as construction and adjustment is mechanized, the time required for preparing a dental prosthesis can be greatly reduced. In this way, it is easy to manufacture precise and not necessarily mass-produced workpieces in a small space, especially without polluting the surrounding area. It can be used in Object to be cut (agglomerated material) For medical or dental materials that are embedded in a body and used to swell, set the same environment as the body fluid in the liquid tank and cut. By processing, medical or dental materials suitable for each individual can be obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a tooth.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the crown (model).
  • Figure 3 shows the measurement rib in contact with the crown (model).
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are views showing a holding part for a rotary jig.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are views showing a contact probe.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the rotating jig holder being rotated 90 degrees.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing a cutting block.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 10A to 10F are flowcharts for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams showing a crown model of a dental prosthesis for three-dimensional measurement.
  • Figure 12 shows an example of the contour of a crown and an example of radial division.
  • FIGS. 13A and 13B are diagrams showing an example of orthogonally measuring a block obtained by radially dividing a crown.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of moving a cutting drill.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which another crown is divided concentrically and radially measured.
  • FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a block diagram of the apparatus of FIG.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the measurement direction in FIG.
  • FIGS. 19A to 19D are views showing a mounting portion to which a drill and a probe can be exchangeably mounted.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a part of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22A and FIG. 22B are views showing a part of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 23A to 23D are views showing the connecting rod and the mounting portion.
  • FIG. 24 is a side view showing a state where the workpiece has been mounted on the mounting portion.
  • FIG. 25 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 shows cutting of a medical or dental material according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is an external view of a cutting machine tool.
  • FIG. 27 is an enlarged view of the liquid tank portion of FIG.
  • FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example in which the apparatus of FIG. 26 is provided with a cooling water constant temperature circulator.
  • FIG. 29 is an enlarged view of the liquid tank portion of FIG.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram showing the cooling water constant temperature circulator of FIG.
  • FIG. 31 is a diagram showing an example in which a liquid exchange device is provided in the device of FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 4 One embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4 and will be described in detail.
  • Reference numeral 101 denotes a working unit, which is composed of a general-purpose or dedicated NC machine tool or the like, and performs measurement and processing.
  • Reference numeral 102 denotes a control unit, which is formed of a personal computer, a dedicated computer, a dedicated controller, or the like having at least a storage unit and a processing unit.
  • FIG. 4 shows a personal computer 30.
  • the control unit 102 includes means for storing information by various methods such as memory, magnetism, light, and magneto-optics, and means for calculating the information and instructing the operation unit to operate.
  • the processing, recording, and transmission of information is primarily, but not exclusively, carried out digitally.
  • the working unit 101 and the control unit 102 are electrically connected by a connecting body 103 such as an electric lead wire.
  • the connecting body 103 is made up of light, infrared light, magnetism, and electromagnetic. Alternatively, they may be connected by a wireless medium such as ultrasonic waves.
  • reference numeral 11 denotes a Z-axis support member, which slides the Z-axis arm member 14 1 in the Z-axis direction, and moves the Z-axis arm member 14 1 It is for support.
  • Reference numeral 12 denotes an X-axis motor, which outputs power obtained by converting rotary power into a sliding force, and is connected to the X-axis table member 9 to slide it. It is for Reference numeral 13 denotes a Y-axis motor, which outputs power obtained by converting rotary power into a sliding force, and is connected to the Y-axis table member 10 to slide it.
  • Reference numeral 14 denotes a Z-axis motor, which outputs power obtained by converting a rotary force into a sliding force, and is connected to the Z-axis arm member 141 to slide it.
  • Reference numeral 15 denotes a spindle motor, which is used to rotate the drill when the drill is attached during processing.
  • a mounting connector 41 for processing is connected to the spindle motor 15.
  • the mounting connector 41 for processing is for detachably connecting the drill 19 for cutting.
  • a mounting connector 42 for measurement to which the measurement probe 20 is detachably connected is provided adjacent to the spindle motor 15.
  • Reference numeral 16 denotes a splash cover, which is used to prevent the scattering of swarf due to the splash or splattering of a lump during processing, and is fixed on the X-axis table member.
  • Reference numeral 17 denotes a pedestal, which incorporates a rotary jig holding portion 87 and a drive motor for rotating the same.
  • the rotating jig holding portion 87 is mainly for mounting a model for measurement and a lump for processing.
  • 7 is a machine lower part
  • 18 is a rotating wheel, which is mounted at four corners on the bottom of the machine lower part and makes the working unit 101 movable.
  • the operation of the present invention for quickly producing a dental prosthesis having good compatibility will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 10A to 10F. I do.
  • step S1 of FIG. 10A The process of manually creating an object to be measured is shown in step S1 of FIG. 10A.
  • the step S 1 shows that a dental prosthesis prototype is made of dental materials (wax, tech) on the patient abutment 5.
  • a prosthesis model is formed directly on the patient's abutment teeth using an instant polymerization resin without using impression materials.
  • the details are shown in the steps Sll, S12, and S13 in FIG. 10B.
  • step Sll in Fig. 10B the shape of the abutment tooth 5 is considered according to the symptoms of caries.
  • Step S12 in FIG. 10B shows a step of forming a prosthesis shape on the abutment tooth 5 with a dental material (wax, tech).
  • Step S13 in FIG. 10B shows a step of solidifying the formed prosthesis prototype model with ultraviolet rays, chemicals, or the like.
  • Step S14 in FIG. 10B The prosthesis model is taken out of the patient's mouth after curing (step S14 in FIG. 10B), and the measurement model shown in FIG. 2 is obtained.
  • Step S14 in FIG. 10B shows the step of removing the prototype from the patient's mouth after solidification, as described above.
  • Process S2 of Fig. 10A and Fig. 10C show the process of mounting the prototype.
  • Step S2 in FIG. 10A shows a process in which the rib 91 for measurement is attached to the dental prosthesis prototype, attached to the measurement jig, and attached to the CADZCAM system by the holder.
  • an additional mechanism for measurement as shown in FIG. 3 is attached to the model for measurement (step S21 in FIG. 10C), and is attached to the holding portion 87 for the rotary jig as shown in FIG. (Steps S22 and S23 in FIG. 10C).
  • Step S21 in FIG. 10C shows a step of preparing a rib for measurement 91 and bonding it to the model 57 with an adhesive 92.
  • Step S22 in FIG. 10C shows a step of attaching the prototype model 57 on which the ribs 91 are attached to the exclusive holder 87, and a step of adjusting the angle to an angle that is easy to measure at this time.
  • Step S23 in FIG. 10C shows a step of attaching the holder 87 with the model attached to the pedestal on the X-axis table 9 of the CAD / CAM system.
  • Process S3 in Fig. 10A and Fig. 10D show the process of automatic measurement.
  • step S3 in Fig. 10A the shape of the model 57 was measured by measurement CAD, and the This figure shows the process of storing measurement data in a PC, the process, and inverting the model together with the jig 87 to measure the complete shape.
  • An analog contact probe (for example, 20 shown in Fig. 4) with a complete spherical tip mounted coaxially with the spindle of the spindle motor based on a closed droop type servo control, etc., and each motor shaft Drives a computer system (eg, 30 in Fig. 4) that has position detection pulse data from and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit.
  • Steps S31 and S32 in FIG. 10D Step S31 in FIG. 10D shows a step of selecting and starting the automatic measurement software from the menu. Step S32 in FIG. 10D shows the step of setting the position coordinates of the center of the prosthetic prototype model.o
  • This drive is performed by rotating an X-axis motor (for example, 12 in FIG. 4), a Y-axis motor (for example, 13 in FIG. 4), and a Z-axis motor (for example, 14 in FIG. 4).
  • the X-axis table for example, 9 in Fig. 4
  • the Y-axis table for example, 10 in Fig. 4
  • the Z-axis arm for example, 141 in Fig. 4) connected to the motor slide in each axis direction, and the probe 20 or the model 57 moves in conjunction with each other, so that the probe (20 in FIG.
  • Step S33 in FIG. 10D indicates a step of measuring a half surface of the prototype prosthesis by a radial measurement path from the set measurement center.
  • the computer system calculates the correction of the radius of the tip ball of the tracing stylus from the stored data and generates coordinate data of the model surface. (4) At this time, the computer system predicts the shape of the capture object model based on the data read sequentially, and determines the amount of movement of the next measurement point, thereby achieving efficient measurement. Can be performed continuously.
  • Step S34 and S35 in Fig. 10D shows a process in which after the half-surface measurement is completed, the holder holding the model is turned over and the unmeasured half-surface is measured by the radial measurement path.
  • Step S35 in FIG. 10D shows the steps of saving the measurement data to the PC, removing the step and the holder for measurement and the measurement stylus.
  • Step S4 in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10E show the calculation steps.
  • Step S4 in FIG. 10A shows a process of designing a machining tool path using software on a PC.
  • Step S41 in FIG. 10E shows a step of selecting and starting the machining path calculation software from the menu.
  • Step S42 in FIG. 10E shows a step of retrieving the data of the automatically measured capture prototype model.
  • Step S43 in FIG. 10E shows a process of calculating a roughing cutting drill and a feed rate, automatically creating and saving data of a roughing cutting path.
  • Step S44 in FIG. 10E shows a step of calculating the finishing cutting drill and speed, automatically creating and storing the finishing cutting path data based on the roughing cutting path data.
  • Step S5 in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10F show the processing steps.
  • Step S5 in Fig.10A is to attach and add the processing jig, the processing material and the end mill, and to reverse the processing material and the jig after half-face processing to process and complete the shape.
  • the process is shown.
  • Step S51 in FIG. 10F shows a process in which the work material is mounted on the cutting holder and installed in the CADZCAM system, and a process in which the cutting software is selected from a menu and activated.
  • Step S52 in FIG. 10F shows a step of calling the roughing cutting pass data and the finishing cutting path data to perform the roughing and the finishing.
  • Step S53 in FIG. 10F shows a step of turning the cutting holder to which the processing material has been attached after performing half-face processing.
  • a cutting tool (eg, 19 in Fig. 4) is used in place of the stylus 20 previously used for measurement.
  • the rib (812) is adhered to a lump (eg, as shown in FIG. 8) with an adhesive or the like, or the rib (812) of the lump provided with the rib (812) in advance by integral processing or the like. Attach to a rotating jig (for example, 87 in Fig. 4)
  • the finishing process is performed from the computer (CADZCAM) 30 based on the data of the finishing pass. At that time, exchange the drill, etc., and change the parameters etc. based on the part changed by the exchange etc. ⁇
  • Step S54 of FIG. 10F shows a step of performing rough processing and finish processing on the unprocessed half surface.
  • Step S55 in FIG. 10F shows a step of removing the dental prosthesis made by cutting from the holder for cutting and cutting off the rib.
  • the processing material used as the lump titanium, dental ceramics, composite resin, and the like are preferable, but are appropriately selected according to the processing target, and other metals, In some cases, ceramics, wood, etc. may be used.
  • the end step in FIG. 10A includes the steps of removing and trial-fitting the prosthesis.
  • the rotating jig 87 is accurately inverted and rotated to measure the complete shape.
  • the operation of the measurement is the same as the operation of the embodiment described above.
  • the shape is digitized by a computer (CADZ CAM) (for example, 30 in FIG. 4) and temporarily stored.
  • CADZ CAM computer
  • titanium, dental ceramics, composite resin, etc. are used, but other materials are used according to the purpose as described above.
  • this method does not require any manpower except for a series of operations for producing a dental prosthesis model, most of the operations constituting this method are automatically performed using appropriately controlled equipment. It should be noted that it is considered to be carried out in the future.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment shown in the method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
  • FIG. 1 a dental prosthesis is called a crown.
  • FIG. 1 shows a crown 47 made of dental metal titanium to be manufactured by the method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 the gingiva 1, the natural tooth root 3, and the abutment 5 are shown, and the abutment 5 is formed by a dentist.
  • the above-mentioned crown model 57 is taken out of the patient's mouth, and is bonded to the measurement rib material 91 and the glue-like adhesive 92 as shown in FIG. This is measured by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention. To manufacture dental prostheses.
  • the crown model 57 with a rib shown in FIG. 3 is fixed to a rotating jig holder 87.
  • the fixed state is shown in Figure 5B.
  • the holder 87 for the rotating jig is attached to the pedestal 17 in FIG. (2nd step).
  • the attached crown model 57 is precisely measured by the CA DZ CAM system in Fig. 4 using the CA DZ CAM system.
  • the contact type measurement probe unit 20 is used for measurement. Used.
  • This contact type measurement probe unit 20 has a structure as shown in Fig. 6 and consists of a measuring instrument body 20a and a contact probe 20b, and depends on the displacement of the contact probe 20a. The coordinates of the object surface are determined and output as electrical signals.
  • Data controlled by the control computer 30 shown in FIG. 4 and measured by the measurement probe unit 20 is sent to the computer 30.
  • the measured data is processed by the computer 30 for offset correction of the tracing stylus radius, and is converted into data for cutting.
  • the measurement is performed in the radial direction from the center of the crown model 57 as shown in FIG. 11B in order to accurately obtain the shape of the crown model 57. By doing so, the shape of the most important part of the crown 47 (A2 in Fig. 11) can be accurately measured.
  • Measurement is performed by controlling each axis of X-axis motor 12, Y-axis motor 13 and Z-axis motor 14 according to the command from the computer 30. Only half of the shape of the model 57 can be measured. For this reason, after the measurement on one side is completed, the crown model 57 By inverting the angle by 180 degrees, the other half can be measured and a complete three-dimensional shape can be measured.
  • FIG. 7 shows the structure of this reversing mechanism. As shown in FIG. 7, the rotation of the rotating jig holder 87 by 90 degrees causes the crown model 57 connected thereto to rotate in conjunction therewith.
  • the measured result is sent to the computer 30, where the crown shape is designed. (3rd step).
  • the time required for this process is about 0.5 hours, but can be reduced.
  • the end mill 19 is attached to the spindle motor 15 in FIG.
  • the cutting block 90 is attached to the rotating jig holder 87.
  • the shape of the cutting block is cylindrical or conical with ribs (812 in Fig. 8) close to the dental prosthesis, and in fine units according to the finished dimensions of the crown 47. Numerous shapes with different dimensions are prepared, and dentists can select a cutting block 90 that has a shape close to that of crown 47. In addition, it is useful to make a hole in the center of one side of the cutting block 90 in view of the peculiarity of the shape of the crown 47. In addition, it was assumed that dental titanium was used as the material.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B Examples of the shape of the cutting block 90 are shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. Figure
  • FIG. 8A is the front part 90a
  • FIG. 8B is the back part 90b.
  • the back portion 90b is provided with the above-described hole portion 811 and a rib 812 for connection with a processing jig is physically connected.
  • the ribs 8 1 and 2 are integrally added when the cutting block 90 is manufactured. It is removed by folding it, but it may be fixed later with an adhesive or the like.
  • the cutting block 90 fixed to the rotary jig holder 87 is processed at the end mill 19 by a processing path for roughing and finishing generated by the converter 30.
  • a processing path for roughing and finishing generated by the converter 30 In this case, as in the case of the measurement, only the half surface is machined, so after machining the half surface, the holder 87 for the rotating jig is rotated to cut the back surface as shown in Fig. 7. is there.
  • the time required for this process is approximately one hour. (4th step).
  • the crown 47 is removed from the rotating jig holder 87, polished, and applied to the patient abutment tooth 5.
  • the attachment and detachment of the fixing jig indicates a method of tightening with a bolt, a hook, etc., and other possible gripping methods.
  • the positioning with a jig indicates a positioning method using pins and holes.
  • the method of rotating the jig and the positioning of the angle can be set by setting pins and holes for each angle and rotating the jig manually, or by attaching the jig to the servo motor attached to the encoder and rotating it automatically. It shows the method of manually and automatically determining the angle and other methods, but it is not limited to this as long as it is at least detachable.
  • the accuracy of the cutting crown 47 depends on the system accuracy, but in the system of the embodiment of the present invention, the error could be suppressed to 20 microns or less. This makes it possible to meet the ideal accuracy limit of dental prostheses of 50 micron.
  • the number of steps can be significantly reduced and the time can be significantly reduced as compared with the production method using the conventional method, and the titanium crown can be rapidly produced. You can do it.
  • the elimination of processes that require advanced skills and skills makes it easier and more reliable for inexperienced dentists and dental technicians. Can be manufactured.
  • the present invention can be applied to a single crown in which a plurality of crowns are connected.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and dental porcelain (glass ceramics) and composite resin were used. In this case, the method can be applied.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which measurement and cutting can be performed simultaneously.
  • FIG. 9 shows a configuration in which two holding units 92 1 and 92 1 ′ having the same structure are provided on the X-axis table 9. Since the structures of the holding portions 92 1 and 92 ⁇ are the same, the same reference numerals are given. Also, the structure of the holding portion 921 is the same as that shown in FIG. 4, so the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 are assigned and the description is omitted.
  • the measuring jig holder 87 of the holding part 92 1 is equipped with a model 57 for measurement, and the cutting jig 90 is mounted on the holding part 92 1 ′ of the rotating jig holder. Installing.
  • the spindle motor 15 is connected and supported by a cutting drill 19 via a processing support portion 95, and the measurement probe unit 20 is connected to a unit support portion 94.
  • the unit support part 94 is fixedly connected to the processing support part 95 via a connecting body 93.
  • the information of the measurement probe unit 20 is configured to be transmitted to the computer 30 shown in FIG.
  • the measurement unit 20 outputs the information by contacting the model, and the computer 30 drives the X, ⁇ , and Z axis motors based on the information.
  • the connecting body 93 is driven by the forces moving in the X, ⁇ , and Z-axis directions.
  • the holding drill 92 also moves in conjunction with it, and the cutting drill 19 is rotated by the rotational drive of the spindle motor 15 to perform the same movement relative to the measurement probe unit 20 to perform cutting. Cut block 90.
  • the cutting operation two steps of rough cutting and finishing are required.However, the cutting that is performed simultaneously with the measurement is only a rough cutting step, and the finishing processing is performed again after the measurement is completed. In some cases, the process may be selected.
  • the connector 93 has a structure for fixing the measurement probe unit 20 and the cutting drill 19, but on the other hand, by adopting a structure capable of contraction and extension, the measurement of the measurement probe unit 20 is performed. It is also possible to realize more precise machining, such as realizing the movement of the cutting drill with the operation corrected.
  • the contact type analog contact probe in the device shown in Fig. 4 use a cutting machine using a cutting drill for machining, and use the method of measuring in the radial direction from the center.
  • the X and Y coordinates in FIGS. 12 to 15 indicate the sliding direction of the X-axis table and the sliding direction of the Y-axis table when the model A1 is mounted on the device shown in FIG.
  • Reference numeral 91 denotes a rib material shown in FIG. 3, which is a part to be attached to the rotating jig holder 87.
  • a dental model prosthesis with a crown model A1 shown in Fig. 11 as shown in Fig. 11 on a gypsum model used for dental treatment with an instant polymerization resin. Also, based on the measurement data, a cutting process is performed with titanium material to produce a crown to be used as a dental prosthesis.
  • the surface of the crown model A 1 shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B is contacted with a two-dimensional contour A as shown in FIG. Measure 4.
  • a circumscribed circle A 3 is created according to the contour A 4, a center point A 6 is obtained, and the center point A 6 is set as a center point (base point) for radial measurement.
  • the measurement range of the crown model of the dental prosthesis is divided into 18 every 20 degrees around the base point A6.
  • the analog tracing stylus A 19 is scanned on the divided trajectory A 0, and the shape of the contact area is taken as the amount of displacement.
  • the contact probe A 19 outputs this as an electric signal.
  • the number of divisions is, for example, up to 18 (within an interval of 20 degrees), but is not particularly limited because it is appropriately adjusted depending on the shape of the model and the like.
  • the measurement range A5 was performed by enlarging the shape of the measured contour to 110%. This expansion adds the "play" needed for measurement,
  • the center line A11 of the contact-type analog contact-type measuring element is run at right angles to the contour, and measurement is performed for each divided measurement range.
  • the crown model of the dental prosthesis is inverted by the rotating jig holder 87 shown in FIG. 4, and the shape is measured similarly.
  • Three-dimensional measurement data taken into a general-purpose computer is offset-calculated in accordance with the contact-type analog contact probe and cutting drill.
  • the data is converted into numerical control data, and cutting data is prepared.
  • a workpiece made of titanium to be used as a dental prosthesis is connected to the rotating jig holder 87.
  • the cutting drill shown in FIG. 14 is moved radially to cut the titanium workpiece.
  • the trajectory of the movement is indicated by A 8.
  • the order of the drill trajectory with reference to the center point 0 is shown by a to k. This order is to prevent the uncut portion from being generated at the portion distant from the base point A 6 due to the spread between the radial lines. Since the diameter of the radial line indicating the trajectory is narrow, the drill diameter is limited, so that the same drill can be used effectively and the number of replacements can be reduced. Can be.
  • the margin line A2 is used to reproduce the crown model A1 of the dental prosthesis in detail for the crown used for dental treatment. And could't.
  • the contact-type contact probe or the cutting drill moved in the same direction as the ridge. Since the contact anatomical contact probe or cutting drill is in contact with the ridge of A2 almost at a right angle, the crown model A1 of the dental prosthesis is used in detail for the crown used for dental treatment. It was possible to reproduce.
  • the present invention is not limited to this example as long as three-dimensional measurement or three-dimensional processing can be performed radially.
  • the crown model A1 of the dental prosthesis shown in Fig. 11A and Fig. 11B was measured with a contact type Fig. 13 shows a method for performing more accurate shape measurement when cutting a workpiece.
  • Fig. 13A shows a line drawn along the line A0 indicating the trajectory divided radially and further dividing the area between the lines A0 and A0 into two equal parts and passing through the center point A6.
  • this line a plurality of lines A 7 drawn so as to be divided in parallel at equal intervals are formed, and on the line A 7 showing this trajectory, the above-mentioned contactor A 19 is used. Movement is performed while measuring, so that the distance between the lines A7 is equal, and a measurement error in a portion distant from the center is suppressed.
  • Fig. 15 shows a method for performing highly accurate measurement as in Fig. 13A.
  • the crown model A1 of the dental prosthesis is measured two-dimensionally with a contact analog contact measuring element.
  • a circumscribed circle A3 was created in accordance with the contour A4, a center point A6 was obtained, and the center point A6 was set as a center point (base point) for radial measurement.
  • the shape of the measured contour was divided into two when it was reduced to 50%.
  • the inner measurement range A 9 is measured radially with a contact-type analog contact probe every 2 degrees
  • the outer measurement range A 10 is measured radially with a contact-type analog contact probe every 2 degrees. Measurements were taken.
  • the outer measurement range A10 was performed with "play” by enlarging the measured contour shape to 110%.
  • a plurality of concentric circles are set for the measurement or processing surface, and the concentric inner and outer circles (referred to as concentric circles) are radially divided.
  • the number of divisions between the concentric circles in the outward direction is larger than that in the inward direction, and the number is preferably 1 to 5, but the number of divisions is more complicated. It is appropriately adjusted in accordance with the size of the device, and is not particularly limited.
  • the setting of the center point according to the present invention is determined by the center point when the shape obtained by the probe coming into contact with the outer contour of the model is regarded as substantially circular or substantially elliptical.
  • a determination is made using a method in which the center point is the largest midpoint in the X direction and the midpoint having the largest width in the Y direction.
  • the shape of the object to be measured such as a model and the lump is not limited to the above, and the present embodiment is applicable to polygons, squares, and other complicated shapes.
  • the data of the motor be returned to the central processing unit and controlled by a closed-loop method for correcting the operation.
  • a drive measuring means for measuring this drive amount is added to the drive means so that a servo motor with an encoder is attached to the motor as power for the Y and Z axis tables.
  • the drive measuring means is not limited to this, but may be other means for measuring the rotation of the motor, or means for measuring the linear motion after converting the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion.
  • the drive measuring means detects the position of the working part such as a measuring probe or a processing drill, and converts this position data, for example, pulse data, into data that can be processed by a central processing unit, such as an analog-to-digital converter. Transform the data.
  • the central processing unit reads the accurate coordinate values and stores the numerical data in the central processing unit or its peripheral devices.
  • the central processing unit corrects the driving operation of the driving means, and sends the corrected data to the servo motors of each axis table.
  • This correction is based on a measurement method such as radial measurement or scanning measurement from one direction.
  • central processing When moving a probe that contacts the target location and outputs the contact amount as an electrical signal based on a measurement method, central processing The processing device outputs data therefor to the driving means.
  • the drive means rotates the X, Y and Z axis servo motors based on the data.
  • the rotation of the motor is converted to linear motion, which drives a table or a support arm that supports the measurement probe, and moves the measurement probe to the target location.
  • the drive measuring means set in association with the drive means sequentially sends the data of the drive means to the central processing unit.
  • the stored numerical data is offset for the measuring equipment, and coordinate data of the surface of the model that is three-dimensionally measured is created. After the coordinate data of the model surface is determined, each measurement direction (X, Y, Z coordinates)
  • the data can be enlarged or reduced by adding a numerical value to), and a reduced or enlarged copy of the model can be obtained.
  • the central processing unit uses the drive information sent from the drive measurement unit at this time to calculate The extent to which the probe has moved is determined, the amount of movement is compared with the drive data output to the drive means by the central processing unit in advance, and the axis in a direction beyond the measurement range is sent from the measurement probe. From the measured data, convert the drive amount of the drive means of the axis in the direction beyond the measurement range to data obtained by adding or subtracting the data based on the movement amount sent from the drive measurement means. In addition to outputting to the means, the data based on the movement amount sent from the drive measuring means is stored in the storage means.
  • the measurement probe moves in the X, Y, and Z-axis directions based on the data created by the central processing unit in a predictive manner, the movement is monitored, and the movement data and the data detected by the measurement probe are used. However, it is possible to accurately measure an unpredictable sudden surface change as described above. It has a remarkable effect especially when measuring the model.
  • the data obtained by the drive measurement means may not be sent to the central processing unit, but may be sent directly to the drive means.
  • the driving means is provided with means capable of reading data obtained by the driving measurement means.
  • This is an A / D converter, a DZA converter, a converter that converts the amount of rotation into a moving distance, etc.
  • the central processing unit sends the data for moving the measuring probe to the destination at each driving means.
  • Output to the servo motor Each servo motor rotates according to the value of the input data.
  • the rotation measuring unit outputs the measured rotation amount.
  • the driving means inputs the data, converts the data into movement data, and compares the measured data with data necessary for moving to the destination transmitted from the central processing unit. As a result of this comparison, if the two match, each servomotor stops operating.
  • the difference between the closed-loop system of the present invention and the open-loop system currently generally used is as follows.
  • the former detects the X, Y, and Z movement amounts of each axis by incorporating the encoder data of each axis into a general-purpose computer.
  • the detected data and the data of the travel distance instructed in advance by the personal computer should be checked and converted into X, Y, Z coordinate data.
  • the movement data defining the movement amounts of the X, Y, and Z axes on the computer side is used as the X, Y, and Z coordinate data.
  • the closed-loop method detects the amount of movement of each axis and data of measuring equipment, and determines coordinate data.
  • the closed-loop method can perform three-dimensional measurement with higher accuracy than the open-loop method.
  • motion compensation can be performed while checking the amount of movement in the X, Y, and Z axis directions.
  • three-dimensional measurement and three-dimensional processing with closed-loop control can be performed by a single central processing unit.However, in order to perform the processing at even higher speeds, a plurality of general-purpose or special-purpose central processing units are used. Use the device. The use of multiple central processing units means that the power of each axis table is It is possible to share the tasks of controlling the motor, processing pulse data sent from the measuring device, etc., and to perform measurement or processing at higher speed and with higher accuracy and with less failure of the device.
  • the apparatus used in the present invention used contact-type measurement using a probe for three-dimensional measurement, and cutting for processing.
  • the model performs three-dimensional contact measurement on three axes of X, ⁇ , and Z axes, and cuts medical materials or dental materials based on the measurement data. That is what you do.
  • each axis is such that the X-axis table B4 is placed on the Y-axis table B5 so that they can slide independently of each other, and a measurement model or a workpiece to be cut is mounted on it, An analog contact probe B10 and a cutting drill B9 are attached to the Z-axis table B6.
  • the spindle motor B8 is powerful, and is installed with the cutting drill B9 and its power connected.
  • the measurement model or the workpiece moves in a plane, and the height is compensated for by the movement of the analog contact probe B10 or the cutting drill B9.
  • Servomotors with encoders for X-axis B71, servomotors with encoder for Y-axis B72, and servomotors with encoder for Z-axis B73 were used as power for each axis table.
  • Fig. 17 shows a specific control program when the closed-dollar method is adopted.
  • the controller CPU (Central Processing Unit) B15 converts the data sent from the general-purpose computer B2 into numerical control data suitable for driving by the servo driver. To the B16-B18 and the servo mode connected to each driver. Control the rotational drive of the motors B 19, B 21, B 23.
  • the X-axis servo driver B16, the Y-axis servo driver B17, and the Z-axis servo driver B18 are connected and connected in a discrete manner so that they can perform independent operations.
  • the servo driver of each axis discharges the data of the movement amount of each axis to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis servo motors B19, B21, and B23, respectively.
  • the encoders B20, B22, B24 connected to the servo motors B19, B21, B23 of each axis detect the amount of movement, and the servo drivers B19, B21,
  • the feedback control as described above is performed by sending the pulse data back to B23.
  • the pulse data is connected to the work unit B3. It converts analog data (pulse data) to digital data and sends it out through a digital PC interface B25 to a general-purpose computer B2.
  • the connected general-purpose computer B2 has the pulse data discharged from the contact-type contact probe 10 in addition to the data of the encoders B20, B22, and B24. Process the data.
  • the coordinate data of the surface of the model measured three-dimensionally is created and stored.
  • the computer B 2 performs linear interpolation (position data) processing for measurement and processing, and also performs operations as CAD and other data processing to support the operation of the work unit B 3. .
  • the controller CPU B15 rewrites or translates the data sent from the computer B2 in accordance with the data for controlling the axis of each servo driver connected to the subsequent stage.
  • the instruction data to be output to each servo driver and other instruction data sent from personal computer B2 By performing data processing for the operation of each axis such as equipment and devices, measurement and machining operations can be sped up.
  • the controller CPU B15 is set to operate mainly for processing data (for example, G code). On the other hand, data processing for measurement is performed by the computer B2. Also, due to operability problems, the computer B 2 also serves as an interface for machining operations.
  • Figure 18 shows an example of the measurement direction.
  • the method of measurement with the analog contact type probe B 10 is to fix the Y-axis, move the contact type analog contact type probe B 10 in the X-axis direction, and measure the movement amount of the Z-axis at that time. .
  • the X-axis direction reaches a certain point, the Y-axis is moved, and at the same time, the movement amount of the Z-axis is measured according to the movement of the X-axis.
  • the trajectory is shown in B29.
  • the amount of movement of the Z-axis in accordance with the movement of the Y-axis of the next X-axis line is predicted, so a prediction is made on the general-purpose computer B2, and the processing data is transferred to the machine tool B3. It sends it to the controller CPU (Central Processing Unit) B15 inside and sends numerical data including prediction processing to the servo driver for each axis. At this time, measurement and processing that can deal with discontinuous shapes can be performed by signals from the encoder.
  • the controller CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the method of cutting is determined by the measurement model stored in the general-purpose computer B2.
  • the surface coordinate data of the file B ll is sent to a controller CPU (central processing unit) B 15 of the machining operation section B 3.
  • the controller CPU (Central Processing Unit) B15 converts the data into numerical control data, commands the servo drivers B16, B17, and B18 for each axis, and cuts the workpiece. I do.
  • the pulse data is passed from the encoders B20, B22, and B24 of each axis to the general-purpose computer B2 through the digitizing PC interface B25, and the analog data (pulse data) is transmitted. Convert to digital data and send out.
  • the general-purpose computer B2 confirms the operation of the machining operation part B3 based on the data.
  • the dental prosthesis model B11 was three-dimensionally measured, and the cutting process was performed with titanium in the same working section B3.
  • a crown was created with an instant polymerization resin on a stone blue model used for dental treatment.
  • the crown model B11 of the dental prosthesis is measured two-dimensionally in the X and Y directions with an analog contact probe B10, and three-dimensionally measured with a general-purpose computer B2. Range of X and Y directions was set.
  • the surface of the crown model B11 of the dental prosthesis was measured three-dimensionally.
  • the crown model B11 of the dental prosthesis was inverted, and the back side was similarly subjected to three-dimensional measurement.
  • the measurement data is used to calculate the offset of the analog contact probe B10 on a general-purpose computer B2, and the surface coordinate data on the front and back sides are joined to construct a three-dimensional shape.
  • the offset of the cutting drill B 9 is calculated, and the data is sent to the work unit B 3.
  • the crown model B11 of the dental prosthesis was removed from the working unit B3, the workpiece was set, and cutting was performed based on the three-dimensional measurement data. Also, as in the case of three-dimensional measurement, when the back side was cut, the cutting process was reversed.
  • the titanium crane obtained by the above method had an error within 30 m from the measurement model, and was more accurate than the open-loop method.
  • three-dimensional measurement and cutting can be performed quickly by using two central processing units.
  • NC machine tool which is generally used as a machine for processing a die or the like for the drive unit.
  • 19A to 19D are views showing the cutting drill 19 and the measurement probe 20 which can be exchanged and mounted on the mounting portion 41 shown in FIG.
  • Each of the cutting drill 19 and the measurement probe 20 is connected with a cylindrical connecting support rod 191, and a substantially uniform groove 193 is provided substantially at the center thereof along the circumference thereof.
  • the attachment portion 41 is provided with a connection hole 192 for inserting the connection support rod 191, and locking projections 194 are arranged in four directions inside the connection hole 192.
  • the locking projection 194 has a structure in which it is temporarily moved in the outer peripheral direction by the intrusion of the connecting support rod 191, and projects into the groove 193 and engages on all sides when the groove 193 is reached. Shall be.
  • a means for fixing the state of the locking projection 194 at the time of insertion and mounting may be further provided so that the connection support rod 191 does not come off.
  • FIGS. 19A and 19B show the mounting portion, the mounting drill 19, and the mounting portion of the measurement probe 20.
  • FIG. 19A is a diagram when the cutting drill 19 and the mounting portion 41 are mounted.
  • FIG. 19B is a diagram when the measuring probe and the mounting portion 41 are separated.
  • both the measurement probe 20 and the cutting drill 19 have the same shape to be mounted on the mounting portion 41, and the structure of the mounting portion 41 is shown in FIG.
  • the holder 87 may be provided.
  • Figure 19D shows an example. In this way, measurement and machining in various directions are possible by having interchangeability between work tools such as measurement and processing tools, and between models and lump objects.
  • Fig. 20 shows a configuration that enables more accurate measurement or processing, and allows the cutting direction of a lump or a model to be multi-directional and allows multiple operations to be performed. Show.
  • a dental prosthesis was prepared using an instant polymerization resin on a gypsum model used for dental treatment as a measurement model, attached to a mounting jig, and then fixed to a fixing jig 17 at 360 ° every 90 °. ° Measurements were taken. Next, it was attached to the fixing jig 17 ', and only one side of the measurement model was measured, and a total of five sides were measured. Following the measurement, the pure titanium lump was attached to the mounting jig, fixed to the fixing jig 17 and the cutting process was performed in the same procedure as the measurement according to the data obtained by measuring the model. A dental prosthesis was obtained.
  • FIG. 2 1 A a preferable example of the measurement or processing section is shown in FIG. 2 1 A is motor
  • Reference numeral 211 denotes a coupling mounting portion for coupling and mounting with the mounting portion 41 shown in FIG. 4, and is provided with a convex portion 194.
  • Reference numeral 212 denotes a motor, which performs a rotation operation by supplying electric power from the outside, and may perform a phase control or the like by inputting an electric control signal.
  • Reference numeral 213 denotes a cutting drill, whose strength, tooth shape, and the like are appropriately adjusted depending on the material, hardness, and the like of the lump to be cut.
  • Reference numeral 214 denotes a connection adjustment unit that adjusts the connection between the motor 212 and the cutting drill 213.
  • the connection adjusting section 214 is usually fixed, and is used for fine adjustment and pre-adjustment purposes.
  • Reference numeral 21B denotes an analog contact-type probe, which has the same shape and size as the coupling mounting portion 211 of the workpiece 21A, and has a configuration that can be mounted to the mounting portion 41.
  • Reference numeral 215 denotes a contact portion, which is a portion for making contact with the model.
  • Reference numeral 216 denotes a conversion unit, which is a part for converting the amount of mechanical displacement generated by the contact between the contact unit 215 and the model into an electric signal.
  • the integrated workpiece shown at 21 A and the analog contact type probe shown at 21 B can be mounted on the mounting part 41 as described above, but when they are mounted on the mounting part at least,
  • the length 217 is designed to match.
  • the length 217 is a positional length in a mounted state, and is not limited to a length when the head is removed. Therefore, even if the lengths are different when removed, it is only necessary that the lengths at the time of mounting match, and at the time of mounting, even if the lengths are different, integer multiples and other mathematics
  • both lengths are considered to be the same.
  • FIG. 22 shows another example of the measurement or processing unit.
  • Figures 22A and 22B show the connecting support rod 191 shown in Figure 21 on the side. It was done. Figure shows an example of the connection relationship between the connecting support rod 191 and the mounting part 41
  • FIG. 23A is a plan view of the mounting portion as viewed from above, and FIG. 23B is a side view.
  • Reference numeral 192 denotes a coupling hole, and projections 194 having elasticity to the left and right are arranged in four directions in the center of the inside.
  • 22 4 are auxiliary projections, which are arranged at four positions in a diagonal direction of the mounting portion.
  • the auxiliary projection 224 is a projection for accurate positioning of the contact point, cutting drill, etc., and can be positioned at an angle to change the direction of the cutting drill by 90 ° by arranging it at 90 ° intervals. (See Figure 25).
  • FIG. 23C is a top view of the periphery including the connection support rod 191, and FIG.
  • Reference numeral 191 denotes a connecting support rod, and a groove portion 193 is arranged on the side surface.
  • 225 formed on the connecting plate 226 are auxiliary holes, and are provided at four locations in the diagonal direction of the connecting plate 226. The coupling between the two is performed by inserting the connecting support rod 191 into the coupling hole 192, so that the groove portion 193 and the convex portion 194 are coupled in four directions, and the auxiliary hole 225 and the auxiliary projection 224 are coupled. Positioning relative to the angle is performed.
  • the convex portion 194 is in contact with a fixed support body 221 having a slope at the front end at the rear end portion thereof.
  • a fixed support body 221 having a slope at the front end at the rear end portion thereof.
  • an internal thread portion 227 having an internally threaded portion, and the fixed support 221 is rotated by meshing with the internal thread portion 227.
  • an external thread portion 228 having a threaded outer surface for sliding up and down and a beveled gear 229 at the end is provided.
  • an adjusting body 230 having a beveled gear 222 for engaging with the gear 229 and extending to the outside and having a grip portion 223 having easy manual operation.
  • the coordinator 230 is only required to be used for errand connection, and is preferably removed except for errands.
  • the portion where the fixed support 221 and the convex portion 194 are in contact with each other has a slope, so that the slope becomes shallower as the fixed support 221 moves upward and the convex portion is connected to the connection hole 1. 92, the groove 193 of the connecting support rod 191 engages with the projection 194 to form a fixed state.
  • the fixed support 221 moves downward, and the inclined portion of the tip surface where the fixed support 221 and the convex portion 194 are in contact becomes deeper.
  • the pressing and fixing force of the convex portion 194 in the inward direction decreases, and the engagement between the groove portion 193 and the convex portion 194 is released.
  • Fig. 24 shows a side view of the workpiece when it is mounted on the mounting part. Also, since the connecting connection portion 211 and the mounting portion 41 both have a quadrangular shape, and the auxiliary holes 225 and the auxiliary projections 224 are arranged at the same positions, the connecting direction of the two is four. It is possible. An example is shown in FIG. As described above, depending on the object obtained by the processing, the configuration shown in FIG. 25 is suitably used. By arranging the auxiliary protrusions in the diagonal direction of the symmetrical polygon, it is possible to arrange the workpiece or the analog contact measuring element for measurement in various directions.
  • the mounting portion 41 is also mounted on the holder 78 for the rotary jig shown in FIG. 4, a workpiece and a measurement analog contact type measuring element are mounted on the holder 78 for the rotary jig. In some cases, a lump, a model, or the like may be attached to the place where the attachment portion 41 indicated by 4 is attached.
  • Fig. 22B shows an analog contact type probe with the coupling connection 226 on the side. Except for the arrangement on the surface, it has the same configuration as that of FIG. 22A, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the mounting location and number of the base jig and the mounting jig, the rotation angle of the mounting jig, and the installation location of the measurement and processing equipment are not limited to those described above. Also exists.
  • the measurement and processing machines have become detachable, so there is no effect on measurement equipment by replacing them with processing equipment during processing as well as three-dimensional measurement and processing.
  • the data correction can be omitted in addition to the integrated motor and drill.
  • the accuracy of the titanium dental capture material thus created has been improved by several steps as compared with conventional ones, and the production time has been significantly reduced.
  • a single unit could be used to compensate for this, reducing capital investment.
  • the present invention it is possible to make a copy of a model to be manufactured or a partial copy having a shape related to the model. It enables high-precision measurement, and at the time of machining, it uses the measured data to cut massive materials such as titanium and ceramic dental prostheses that were difficult to manufacture using conventional manufacturing methods. By doing so, it is possible to produce highly accurate duplicates etc. However, it can be manufactured with an accuracy not less than that of the construction method, and the man-hours and man-hours required for the production of dental prostheses are remarkably saved.
  • the method of three-dimensional measurement and three-dimensional processing by the closed-loop control and the apparatus using the same method of the present invention can confirm the three-dimensional movement amount more than the current open-loop control as described above. While performing, the accuracy is improved.
  • processing such as model duplication can be performed three-dimensionally, and correction processing can be omitted, shortening of time and improvement of accuracy can be said.
  • reprocessing after the processing was interrupted became possible.
  • the present invention has various effects such as various measurement and processing methods can be realized by one apparatus.
  • the cutting device used in this embodiment is based on an NC machine tool used as a machine for processing a die and the like.
  • NC machine tools that cut ordinary dies and the like are large, and their cutting accuracy is not suitable for medical or dental materials. Therefore, the cutting machine tool 303 shown in FIG. 26 has a reduced size and improved cutting accuracy.
  • the cutting machine tool 303 shown in FIG. 26 three-dimensionally cuts a lump of medical material or dental material along three axes of X, ,, and Z axes.
  • each axis is such that an X-axis table 304 is mounted on a Y-axis table 305, a lump is mounted on it, and a spindle motor 308 and a cutting drill 309 are mounted on a Z-axis table 306. is there.
  • the lump moves in two dimensions (plane), and its height is compensated for by a cutting drill.
  • An AC servomotor 307 is used for the power of each axis, and feedback control is performed by the attached encoder.
  • the spindle motor 308 was used as the power for the cutting drill.
  • the cutting machine tool 303 was connected to the personal computer 302, and the control was performed by the personal computer 302.
  • the personal computer 302 indicates a general-purpose or special-purpose personal computer. In addition, a special-purpose control device may be used.
  • a liquid tank 310 was mounted on the X-axis table 304 of the cutting machine tool 303 so that the submerged cutting as the object of the present invention can be performed.
  • a rotating jig 3 13 for fixing the lump was mounted in the liquid tank 310 to fix the lump.
  • a model of the dental prosthesis was created using an instant polymerization resin on a gypsum model used for dental treatment.
  • This model is connected to a personal computer using a contact type 3D digitizer.
  • the shape was input, digitized, and recorded in advance, temporarily or as needed. Note that the means for creating shape data is not limited to this.
  • this data is converted on a personal computer into data for a cutting machine tool, the offset of the diameter of the cutting drill is calculated, and based on the data, the cutting machine tool on a personal computer 302 is used.
  • the series of operations were controlled, and pure titanium used for dental prostheses was used as the material for cutting, and cutting was performed in the following steps.
  • (1) The lump of pure titanium is fixed on the rotating jig 313.
  • One side of the lump on the rotating jig 313 submerged in water is cut by a cutting drill 309.
  • the liquid tank 310 moves in the X and Y axis directions by rotating each spindle motor, and the cutting drill 309 moves in the Z axis direction. I do.
  • the rotating jig 313 is further rotated without changing the state of the liquid tank 310, and the back surface of the rotated mass is similarly put in water. Perform cutting.
  • the cutting process was carried out in water, the cooling was sufficient and the error between the model of the instant polymerization resin and the finished pure titanium dental prosthesis was within 20 m, and the cutting drill bit was also used. It has a longer duration than before. Furthermore, titanium chips are accumulated at the bottom of the liquid tank 310, and the liquid tank is removed from the device and the water in the liquid tank is transferred to a filter, so that the chips can be easily collected and cleaning work is reduced. Was done.
  • a titanium dental prosthesis was cut by an improved NC machine tool.
  • the present invention is not limited to this as long as a medical material or a dental material can be cut in liquid.
  • the cooling water constant temperature circulator 314 shown in Fig. 28 was attached to the cutting machine tool 303 attached to the liquid tank used in the embodiment shown in Fig. 26.
  • the mechanism of the cooling water constant temperature circulator 314 shown in Fig. 28 and Fig. 30 uses the priming pump 331 to take the liquid in the liquid tank into the machine, controls the temperature, sends it out again, and returns it to the liquid tank with the pump 332. Is the way.
  • a 20-W chiller outlet compressor 329 and a thermocouple 330 was installed.
  • the pipe heater 327, the rotary compressor 329, the thermocouple 330, the priming pump 331 and the delivery pump 332 are controlled by the control circuit board 333 of the cooling water constant temperature circulator to heat and cool the liquid. And keep the temperature constant.
  • the temperature setting is -10 to 80 ° C, in 0.1 ° C units.
  • the cooling water constant temperature circulator used in this example is an apparatus in which the above-described components are integrated.
  • a filter 322 was installed to prevent chips and foreign matter from flowing into the cooling water constant temperature circulator.
  • nozzle 323 was installed at the fluid discharge point of the liquid tank to improve the liquid flow velocity and adjust the liquid discharge to the cutting point.
  • a cutting piece attached to a cutting point can be removed.
  • a removable lid 325 was attached to the Z-axis table in order to prevent splashes from occurring in this port flow.
  • water was used as the liquid, the temperature was stabilized at 30 ° C, and pure titanium dental prosthesis was cut in the same manner as in Example 1 while circulating air.
  • the temperature controller kept the temperature constant throughout, and the error between the measurement model for the instantly polymerized resin and the finished titanium dental restoration was reduced to 20 m.
  • the jets of water can remove the chips attached to the cutting point, reducing the load on the cutting drill.
  • the cutting machine tool 303 attached to the liquid tank used in the above embodiment was equipped with the liquid exchange and facet recovery device shown in Fig. 31. Cutting was performed in the same manner as in the example of (1).
  • the mechanism of liquid exchange and chip recovery is as follows. As for the liquid supply to the liquid tank 310, the liquid in the liquid supply port 334 is injected into the liquid tank 310 by the pump 336 via the liquid supply tube 337. When the liquid reaches a certain level, the pump 336 is turned off by the liquid supply pump stoppage float type level switch 339, and the liquid supply is stopped.
  • the manual valve 341 was opened, and the waste liquid was discharged to the waste liquid tank 335 via the waste liquid tube 338.
  • the detachable filter 342 By passing through the detachable filter 342 on the way, the cutting pieces generated during the cutting process are collected.
  • the power of the pump 336 is turned on by the float type level switch 340 for moving the liquid supply pump, and the liquid is supplied to the liquid tank.
  • Dental prosthesis was cut with titanium by using water as the liquid with the above device. After the cutting operation, the valve for draining the waste liquid was opened, and the cutting chips were reliably collected and water was automatically supplied to the liquid tank. Therefore, liquid exchange and cleaning work became simple.
  • the present invention is not limited to this as long as the medical cutting tool or the dental tool can be cut in liquid by recovering the cutting face and exchanging the liquid.
  • the method for cutting and applying a medical material or dental material in a liquid of the present invention and the apparatus using the method ensure that a cutting drill or a mass of medical or dental material is cooled.
  • drills and lumps are prevented from being damaged, and highly accurate medical or dental materials can be obtained.
  • cutting pieces generated from lumps of medical or dental materials and scattered can be easily collected, after cutting work is completed, The resulting machine cleaning work is simplified.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Abstract

Un système de mesure et de traitement mesure un modèle sur la base d'un matériel permettant l'utilisation d'un système CFAO ou analogue, dans lequel est utilisé un ordinateur présentant un système monounité pour une machine à commande numérique et analogue, c'est-à-dire, un matériel construit pour ne changer qu'une unité de mesure et qu'une unité de traitement de coupe, ou un matériel doté des deux unités précitées, de préférence un seul système de commande asservi en boucle fermée. Le système de l'invention forme un produit traité identique ou similaire au modèle sur la base des données de mesure. Par conséquent, on obtient un système de coupe et de traitement de matières médicales, de matières dentaires, d'articles de décoration et analogues, lequel est plus compact, facile à manipuler, plus rapide et plus précis. En outre, sont décrits un procédé et un appareil de coupe et de traitement d'un article sous forme d'un bloc dans un liquide.
PCT/JP1997/002203 1996-06-25 1997-06-25 Systeme de mesure et de traitement, procede et appareil afferents WO1997049524A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU32747/97A AU3274797A (en) 1996-06-25 1997-06-25 Measuring and processing system, method and apparatus therefor

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18267896A JPH106143A (ja) 1996-06-25 1996-06-25 塊状物切削加工方法及び同方法を用いた装置
JP8/182678 1996-06-25
JP22616096A JP3482077B2 (ja) 1996-08-09 1996-08-09 歯科用補綴物の製造方法
JP8/226160 1996-08-09

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001039691A1 (fr) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-07 Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Nichtmetallische Werkstoffe Machine-outil pour la production de superstrutures destinees a des operations de dentisterie restauratrice
WO2008062938A1 (fr) * 2006-11-21 2008-05-29 Ray Co., Ltd. Procédé et appareil de fabrication de dents artificielles par tomographie dentaire par ordinateur
WO2009106830A1 (fr) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Renishaw Plc Appareil de balayage modulaire et d'usinage
CN102370525A (zh) * 2011-10-31 2012-03-14 山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司 全自动雕铣机加工设备悬臂式工作台机构
CN108526717A (zh) * 2018-04-14 2018-09-14 芜湖致新信息科技有限公司 一种用于钢板加工的激光切割机
CN108655934A (zh) * 2017-03-27 2018-10-16 郭嘉文 一种口腔修复体自动抛光装置及抛光方法
EP2604219B1 (fr) 2011-12-16 2020-01-08 Yeom, Myong Hee Appareil de fixation de butée
CN111956349A (zh) * 2020-09-15 2020-11-20 温静 一种数字化口腔修复体制作设备
US20230210643A1 (en) * 2022-01-06 2023-07-06 Zeus Tech Co., Ltd. Real-time monitoring system for artificial tooth processing machine

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JPS6159865B2 (fr) * 1981-05-21 1986-12-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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JPS6225323Y2 (fr) * 1983-11-14 1987-06-29
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001039691A1 (fr) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-07 Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Nichtmetallische Werkstoffe Machine-outil pour la production de superstrutures destinees a des operations de dentisterie restauratrice
EP1106146A1 (fr) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-13 Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Machine d'usinage pour la production d'éléments préformés pour prothèses dentaires
US6905293B1 (en) 1999-12-02 2005-06-14 Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Machine tool for the production of base structures for false teeth
US8157564B2 (en) 2006-11-21 2012-04-17 Ray Co., Ltd. Manufacturing method and apparatus of artificial teeth using dental CT
WO2008062938A1 (fr) * 2006-11-21 2008-05-29 Ray Co., Ltd. Procédé et appareil de fabrication de dents artificielles par tomographie dentaire par ordinateur
WO2009106830A1 (fr) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Renishaw Plc Appareil de balayage modulaire et d'usinage
CN102370525A (zh) * 2011-10-31 2012-03-14 山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司 全自动雕铣机加工设备悬臂式工作台机构
CN102370525B (zh) * 2011-10-31 2013-07-31 山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司 全自动雕铣机加工设备悬臂式工作台机构
EP2604219B1 (fr) 2011-12-16 2020-01-08 Yeom, Myong Hee Appareil de fixation de butée
CN108655934A (zh) * 2017-03-27 2018-10-16 郭嘉文 一种口腔修复体自动抛光装置及抛光方法
CN108526717A (zh) * 2018-04-14 2018-09-14 芜湖致新信息科技有限公司 一种用于钢板加工的激光切割机
CN111956349A (zh) * 2020-09-15 2020-11-20 温静 一种数字化口腔修复体制作设备
US20230210643A1 (en) * 2022-01-06 2023-07-06 Zeus Tech Co., Ltd. Real-time monitoring system for artificial tooth processing machine
US11806201B2 (en) * 2022-01-06 2023-11-07 Zeus Tech Co., Ltd. Real-time monitoring system for artificial tooth processing machine

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