WO1997047197A1 - Compositions and methods for administering borrelia dna - Google Patents
Compositions and methods for administering borrelia dna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997047197A1 WO1997047197A1 PCT/US1997/009439 US9709439W WO9747197A1 WO 1997047197 A1 WO1997047197 A1 WO 1997047197A1 US 9709439 W US9709439 W US 9709439W WO 9747197 A1 WO9747197 A1 WO 9747197A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plasmid
- dna
- antigen
- borrelia
- ospa
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/195—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
- C07K14/20—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Spirochaetales (O), e.g. Treponema, Leptospira
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/85—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/788—Of specified organic or carbon-based composition
- Y10S977/802—Virus-based particle
- Y10S977/803—Containing biological material in its interior
- Y10S977/804—Containing nucleic acid
Definitions
- This invention relates to compositions and methods for administering Borrelia genospecies DNA encoding antigen(s) in vivo or in vitro . More particularly, this invention relates to compositions and methods for administering Borrelia genospecies DNA encoding an antigen or antigens, e.g., OspA (outer surface protein A) and/or OspB (outer surface protein B) , and/or OspC (outer surface protein C) , or fragments thereof, for expression thereof, in vivo , ex vivo or in vitro.
- an antigen or antigens e.g., OspA (outer surface protein A) and/or OspB (outer surface protein B) , and/or OspC (outer surface protein C) , or fragments thereof, for expression thereof, in vivo , ex vivo or in vitro.
- Lyme disease is a multisystem illness, transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex.
- the spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, which is now the most common arthropod borne disease in the United States, and is endemic in Central Europe (Barbour and Fish 1993) . More particularly, there are three genospecies of Borrelia associated with Lyme disease: Borrelia burgdorferi , Borrelia afzelli and Borrelia garinii . Borrelia burgdorferi is the etiologic agent of Lyme disease in North America, and some European Lyme disease is considered to be Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto.
- OspA lipoprotein Recombinant OspA lipoprotein (rOspA) is known to elicit a protective immune response in mice against challenge by infectious B . burgdorferi (Fikrig et al., 1990; Erdile et al., 1993; USSN 08/373,455). OspA is currently undergoing human field trials as a subcutaneously administered vaccine in the United States (Keller et al. , 1994). Above-cited applications 08/373,455 and
- PCT/US92/08697 relate to rOspA vaccines, especially lipidated rOspA, and methods for expressing DNA encoding OspA.
- Above-cited applications 08/320,416 and WO 90/04411 relate to DNA encoding OspA, the amino acid sequence of OspA, synthetic OspA, compositions containing OspA or synthetic OspA, and methods of using such compositions.
- the other above-cited applications relate to DNA encoding other Borrelia antigens or other Osps, or to DNA encoding useful fragments of OspA or of other Osps, amino acid sequences thereof, compositions containing such fragments or other Osps, and methods for using such compositions; and, such DNA that can be used in the methods of 08/373,455 or PCT/US92/08697 to produce OspA, other Borrelia antigens or outer surface proteins (Osps) , or fragments thereof, can be used in this invention.
- DNA useful in this invention reference is also made to Molecular Microbiology (1989), 2(4), 479-486, and PCT publications WO 93/04175, and WO 96/06165.
- a host such as a mammalian host susceptible to Lyme Disease, Borrelia genospecies isolated and/or purified DNA encoding an antigen or antigens, e.g. , isolated and/or purified DNA encoding an antigen or antigens from
- compositions can include a carrier or diluent.
- the DNA is administered in a form to be expressed by the host, and preferably in an amount sufficient to induce a response such as a protective immune response; and, the DNA can be administered without any necessity of adding any immunogenicity-enhancing adjuvant. Accordingly, the present invention provides a carrier or diluent.
- Borrelia genospecies antigen DNA piasmids for expression by eukaryotic cells, compositions containing the piasmids, and methods for using the compositions and for using the products from the compositions.
- the plasmid of the invention can comprise from upstream to downstream (5-' to 3'): DNA encoding a promoter for driving expression in eukaryotic cells, DNA encoding a leader peptide for enabling secretion of a prokaryotic protein sequence from a mammalian cell, Borrelia genospecies antigen DNA, and DNA encoding a terminator.
- the DNA encoding a promoter for driving expression in eukaryotic cells can be a eukaryotic, e.g., mammalian, viral promoter, such as a herpes virus promoter.
- a human cytomegalovirus promoter is presently preferred.
- the human cytomegalovirus promoter can be an immediate early human cytomegalovirus promoter such as HCMV-IE.
- the plasmid can contain the HCMV-IE gene 5' untranslated region (UTR) which includes Intron A.
- This sequence can be 3' to the HCMV-IE promoter and 5' to the portion of the chimeric 5' UTR sequence and leader peptide (the UTR and leader peptide coding sequence can be derived from the DNA encoding the human tissue plasminogen activator, as discussed below) .
- the DNA encoding a leader peptide is for facilitating secretion of a prokaryotic protein sequence from a mammalian cell.
- This DNA can be any DNA encoding a suitable or similar leader peptide for the purpose of secretion from a mammalian cell, e.g., DNA encoding a eukaryotic leader peptide.
- the DNA encoding a leader peptide can be from DNA encoding a peptide hormone, i.e., a peptide hormone leader peptide, such as from a mammal, e.g. , a human peptide hormone leader peptide.
- Specific examples of DNA encoding leader peptides suitable use in the invention include the DNA encoding the leader peptide of insulin (human, bovine, porcine, etc.), renin. Factor VIII, and tissue plasminogen activator.
- TPA tissue plasminogen activator
- the DNA encoding TPA is derived from the TPA gene and encodes a portion of the 5' UTR and leader peptide from the gene.
- TPA DNA having a portion of the 5' UTR and leader peptide can even increase eukaryotic cell expression. Without wishing to necessarily be bound by any one particular theory, increased expression can be due to the 5' UTR.
- the Borrelia genospecies antigen DNA is preferably without the natural leader sequence.
- the Borrelia genospecies antigen DNA can preferably encode at least one antigen selected from OspA, OspB, OspC, OspD, other Osps, and other antigens (see applications cited under Related Applications) .
- DNA without the natural leader sequence encoding OspA and/or OspB and/or OspC is presently preferred.
- the DNA can be from Borrelia burgdorferi , Borrelia afzelli , Borrelia garinii or from any combination thereof; with Borrelia burdorferi presently preferred.
- the terminator can be any suitable terminator sequence for use in eukaryotic cells; for instance, a terminator sequence from a malian peptide hormone.
- the Bovine Growth Hormone (BGH) terminator is presently preferred.
- the plasmid of the invention can contain genes for a fusion protein of the activator (e.g., TPA) and the Borrelia antigen (e.g., OspA, OspB, OspC).
- a fusion protein of the activator e.g., TPA
- the Borrelia antigen e.g., OspA, OspB, OspC.
- compositions comprising the plasmid and a carrier.
- the carrier can be any suitable carrier which does not disrupt the DNA or the function of the plasmid.
- Saline is a presently preferred carrier.
- the invention further comprehends methods of using the compositions, e.g., administering the composition to a host susceptible to Lyme disease to elicit a response or express an antigen.
- the response can be protective.
- the response can be simply an antibody response, and the method can further include recovering antibodies and/or antibody-producing cells (with the cells further useful for producing hybridoma cells and monoclonal antibodies, e.g. , by fusing the antibody-producing cells to produce hybridoma cells, and then obtaining monoclonal antibodies from expression by the hybridoma cells) .
- the host can be a mammal, such as a human.
- the invention provides methods for expressing an antigen or preparing an antigen in vitro comprising transfecting eukaryotic cells with the inventive plasmid.
- the method can further comprise recovering the antigen from the cells.
- Fig. 1 shows a diagram of VR2210 with a few characteristic restriction sites
- Fig. 2 shows the nucleotide sequence of VR2210 (SEQ ID NO:l) with the location of primer, used to amplify and insert the OspA coding sequence, underlined and overlined;
- Fig. 3 shows a diagram of VR2211 with a few characteristic restriction sites;
- Fig. 4 shows the nucleotide sequence of VR2211 (SEQ ID NO:2) with the location of primer, used to amplify and insect the OspB coding sequence, underlined and overlined;
- Fig. 5 shows the nucleotide sequence of ospA (TRH43; B. burgdorferi strain 31) (SEQ ID NO:3);
- Fig. 6 shows the nucleotide sequence of ospB (TRH46; B . burgdorferi strain B31) (SEQ ID NO:4) ;
- Fig. 7 shows a nucleotide sequence of ospA and ospB (SEQ ID NO:5) and a predicted amino acid sequence therefor (SEQ ID NO:18);
- Fig. 8 shows a diagram of VR1012;
- Fig. 9 shows the multiple cloning site sequence of VR1012 from nucleotides 1841 to 2001 (SEQ ID NO:6);
- Fig. 10 shows the nucleotide sequence of VR1012 (SEQ ID NO:7) ;
- Fig. 11 shows the nucleotide sequence of nkCMVintBL (SEQ ID NO:8)
- Fig. 12 shows the nucleotide sequence of the nkCMVintBL cloning site with the TPA signal peptide sequence (SEQ ID NO:9);
- Fig. 13 shows PCR primers for amplifying ospA (SEQ ID NO:10, 11) ;
- Fig. 14 shows PCR primers for amplifying ospB (SEQ ID NO:12, 13) ;
- Fig. 15 shows a partial nucleotide sequence of
- Fig. 16 shows a partial nucleotide sequence of VR2211 (SEQ ID NO:17);
- Figs. 17, 18A and 18B show immunoblots; and Fig. 19 shows an immunoblot.
- the present invention provides a DNA-based vaccine or immunological composition against Lyme disease (e.g., Borrelia burgdorferi , afzelli, or garinii) and can elicit an immunological response, which can confer protection, even up to 100%, in mice against challenge with an infectious strain of Borrelia burgdorferi .
- An exemplary plasmid of the invention contains the human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter driving expression of the B31 outer surface protein A (OspA) .
- OspA outer surface protein A
- the natural leader sequence of the gene encoding OspA has been replaced with the human tissue plasminogen activator leader sequence. Expression and secretion was demonstrated in transiently transfected UM449 and BHK cells by Western blot (Figs. 17, 18A, 18B) .
- a DNA vaccine or immunological composition expressing a Borrelia antigen, for instance a Borrelia burgdorferi , Borrelia afzelli , Borrelia garini antigen or combinations thereof, e.g., OspA, OspB, OspC protein or any combination thereof, can protect mice against infection by a Borrelia genospecies, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease.
- the composition is thus useful for eliciting a protective response in a host susceptible to Lyme Disease, as well as for eliciting antigens and antibodies, which also are useful in and of themselves.
- the invention in a general sense preferably provides methods for immunizing, or vaccinating, or eliciting an immunological response in a host, such as a host susceptible to Lyme disease, e.g., a mammalian host, against Borrelia and accordingly Lyme Disease, by administering DNA encoding a Borrelia antigen, for instance DNA encoding a Borrelia burgdorferi , Borrelia afzelli , Borrelia garinii antigen or combinations thereof, e.g., OspA and/or OspB, and/or OspC, preferably OspA, in a suitable carrier or diluent, such as saline; and, the invention provides piasmids and compositions for performing the method, as well as methods for making the piasmids, and uses for the expression products of the piasmids, as well as for antibodies elicited thereby.
- a host susceptible to Lyme disease e.g.,
- mice are now a suitable animal model with respect to Borrelia and Lyme disease for extrapolation to domestic animals, humans, and other animals susceptible to Lyme disease or Borrelia infection (e.g., wild animals such as deer).
- the DNA encoding OspA or broadly, the Borrelia genospecies antigen or immunologically active fragment thereof, can be administered in dosages and by techniques well known to those skilled in the medical or veterinary arts taking into consideration such factors as the age, sex, weight, species and condition of the particular patient, and the route of administration.
- DNA encoding OspA, or broadly the Borrelia genospecies antigen or immunologically active fragment thereof can be administered alone, or can be co-administered or sequentially administered with other Borrelia antigens, or with DNA encoding other Borrelia genospecies antigens; and, the DNA encoding OspA or broadly the Borrelia genospecies antigen or immunologically active fragment thereof, can be sequentially administered, e.g., each Spring as the "Lyme Disease season" is about to begin.
- the invention comprehends piasmids comprising DNA including Borrelia genospecies antigen DNA for expression by eukaryotic cells.
- the DNA from upstream to downstream (5" to 3'), can comprise: DNA encoding a promoter for driving expression in eukaryotic cells, DNA encoding a leader peptide which enables secretion of a prokaryotic protein sequence from a mammalian cell, DNA encoding a Borrelia genospecies antigen (or antigens) , and DNA encoding a terminator.
- the promoter can be a eukaryotic viral promoter such as a herpes virus promoter, e.g., human cytomegalovirus promoter DNA.
- a herpes virus promoter e.g., human cytomegalovirus promoter DNA.
- the DNA encoding a leader peptide which enables secretion of a prokaryotic protein sequence from a mammalian cell is any DNA encoding any suitable leader for this purpose such as DNA encoding a eukaryotic, preferably mammalian, leader sequence; for instance, DNA encoding a leader peptide of a peptide hormone, or, for example, of insulin, renin, Factor VIII, TPA, and the like, with DNA encoding human tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) leader peptide presently preferred.
- the human cytomegalovirus promoter can be an immediate early human cytomegalovirus promoter such as HCMV-IE. As to HCMV promoter, reference is made to U.S. Patents Nos.
- the plasmid of the invention can contain the HCMV-IE gene 5' untranslated region (UTR) which includes Intron A. This sequence ran be 3' to the HCMV-IE promoter and 5' to the activator portion of the 5' UTR sequence and leader peptide.
- UTR untranslated region
- the TPA sequence can be derived from the TP.-. gene and can encode a portion of the 5' UTR and leader peptide from that gene.
- the 5' UTR of TPA may increase eukaryotic cell expression.
- the Borrelia genospecies DNA can be from B. burgdorferi , afzelli , garinii or combinations thereof, e.g., B. burgdorferi ; and, can encode an antigen such as OspA, OspB, OspC, OspD, other outer surface proteins or a combination of antigens, e.g., OspA and/or OspB and/or OspC; preferably without the natural leader sequence.
- the transcriptional terminator sequence can be any suitable terminator, such as a eukaryotic terminator, for instance, DNA encoding a terminator for a mammalian peptide, with the BGH terminator presently preferred.
- the plasmid can be in admixture with any suitable carrier, diluent or excipient such as sterile water, physiological saline, and the like. Of course, the carrier, diluent or excipient should not disrupt or damage the plasmid DNA.
- the plasmid can be administered in any suitable manner.
- the plasmid can be in a composition suitable for the manner of administration.
- compositions can include: liquid preparations for orifice, e.g., oral, nasal, anal, vaginal, peroral, intragastric administration and the like, such as solutions, suspensions, syrups, elixirs; and liquid preparations for parenteral, subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous administration, and the like, such as sterile solutions, suspensions or emulsions, e.g., for administration by injection. Intramuscular administration and compositions therefor are presently preferred.
- the piasmids of the invention can be used for in vitro expression of antigens by eukaryotic cells.
- Recovery of such antigens can be by any suitable techniques; for instance, techniques analogous to the recovery techniques employed in the documents cited herein (such as the applications cited under Related Applications and the documents cited therein) .
- the thus expressed antigens can be used in immunological, antigenic or vaccine compositions, with or without an im unogenicity-enhancing adjuvant ("expressed antigen compositions") .
- Such compositions can be administered in dosages and by techniques well known to those skilled in the medical or veterinary arts taking into consideration such factors as age, sex, weight, species, condition of the particular patient, and the route of administration.
- compositions can be administered alone or with other compositions, and can be sequentially administered, e.g., each Spring as the "Lyme Disease season" is about to begin.
- the route of administration for the expressed antigen compositions can be oral, nasal, anal, vaginal, peroral, intragastric, parenteral, subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous, and the like.
- the expressed antigen compositions can be solutions, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, elixirs, capsules (including "gelcaps" - gelatin capsule containing a liquid antigen or fragment thereof preparation) , tablets, hard-candy-like preparations, and the like.
- the expressed antigen compositions may contain a suitable carrier, diluent, or excipient such as sterile water, physiological saline, glucose or the like.
- the compositions can also be lyophilized.
- the compositions can contain auxiliary substances such as wetting or emulsifying agents, pH buffering agents, adjuvants, gelling or viscosity enhancing additives, preservatives, flavoring agents, colors, and the like, depending upon the route of administration and the preparation desired. Standard texts, such as "REMINGTON'S PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE", 17th edition, 1985, incorporated herein by reference, may be consulted to prepare suitable preparations, without undue experimentation.
- Suitable dosages for plasmid compositions and for expressed antigen compositions can also be based upon the examples below, and upon the documents herein cited.
- suitable dosages can be 0.5-500 ug antigen, preferably 0.5 to 50 ug antigen, for instance, 1-10 ug antigen in expressed antigen compositions.
- the dosage should be a sufficient amount of plasmid to elicit a response analogous to the expressed antigen compositions; or expression analogous to dosages in expressed antigen compositions.
- suitable quantities of plasmid DNA in plasmid compositions can be 0.1 to 2 mg, preferably 1-10 ug.
- the invention further provides a method comprising administering a composition containing plasmid DNA including DNA encoding a Borrelia genospecies antigen or antigens: for expression of the antigen or antigens in vivo for eliciting an immunological, antigenic or vaccine (protective) response by a eukaryotic cell; or, for ex vivo or in vitro expression (That is, the cell can be a cell of a host susceptible to Lyme Disease, i.e., the administering can be to a host susceptible to Lyme Disease such as a mammal, e.g., a human; or, the cell can be an ex vivo or in vitro cell) .
- the invention further provides a composition containing a Borrelia genospecies antigen or antigens from expression of the plasmid DNA by a eukaryotic cell, in vitro or ex vivo , and methods for administering such compositions to a host mammal susceptible to Lyme disease to elicit a response.
- the inventive methods can be used for merely stimulating an immune response (as opposed to also being a protective response) because the resultant antibodies (without protection) are nonetheless useful.
- monoclonal antibodies can be prepared and, those monoclonal antibodies, can be employed in well known antibody binding assays, diagnostic kits or tests to determine the presence or absence of a Borrelia genospecies or to determine whether an immune response to the bacteria has simply been stimulated.
- Those monoclonal antibodies can also be employed in recovery or testing procedures, for instance, in immunoadsorption chromatography to recover or isolate a Borrelia genospecies antigen such as OspA, OspB, or OspC.
- Monoclonal antibodies are im unoglobulins produced by hybridoma cells.
- a monoclonal antibody reacts with a single antigenic determinant and provides greater specificity than a conventional, serum-derived antibody. Furthermore, screening a large number of monoclonal antibodies makes it possible to select an individual antibody with desired specificity, avidity and isotype.
- Hybridoma cell lines provide a constant, inexpensive source of chemically identical antibodies and preparations of such antibodies can be easily standardized. Methods for producing monoclonal antibodies are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, e.g., Koprowski, H. et al., U.S. Patent No.
- monoclonal antibodies Uses of monoclonal antibodies are known. One such use is in diagnostic methods, e.g., David, G. and Greene, H. U.S. Patent No. 4,376,110, issued March 8, 1983; incorporated herein by reference. Monoclonal antibodies have also been used to recover materials by immunoadsorption chromatography, e.g., Milstein, C. 1980, Scientific American 243:66, 70, incorporated herein by reference.
- the DNA therein is preferably ligated together to form a plasmid.
- the promoter, leader sequence, antigen and terminator DNA is preferably isolated, purified and ligated together in a 5' to 3' upstream to downstream orientation.
- a three-way ligation as exemplified below, is presently preferred.
- DNA piasmids VR2210 (Figs. 1 and 2) (SEQ ID NO:l) and VR2211 (Figs. 3 and 4) (SEQ ID NO:2) containing, respectively, genes coding for OspA (Fig. 5) (SEQ ID NO:3) and OspB (Fig. 6) (SEQ ID NO:4) from Borrelia burgdorferi (see Fig. 7) (SEQ ID NO:5) were constructed by isolating, individually, thr.ee DNA molecules: (1) a first DNA molecule having a DNA sequence from restriction endonuclease (Pstl and Xbal) digested VR1012 plasmid (Figs.
- the natural leader sequences of the DNA encoding the Borrelia antigen is not present so as to facilitate expression and secretion in mammalian cells.
- the constructs express secreted proteins in vitro and elicit a specific antibody response in vivo.
- the construct VR2210 contains DNA encoding OspA and was made by ligating three aforementioned DNA molecules (fragments) together (wherein the third DNA molecule or sequence in the foregoing paragraph is DNA encoding OspA, from a plasmid as in Howe et al. 1986, e.g., pTRH43) ; and, the construct VR2211 contains DNA encoding OspB and was made by ligating the three aforementioned DNA fragments together (wherein the third DNA molecule or sequence in the foregoing paragraph is DNA encoding OspB from a plasmid as in Howe et al., 1986, e.g., pTRH46) .
- TPA 5' UTR and leader peptide, ospA and ospB were PCR amplified.
- the TPA signal was PCR amplified from plasmid nKCMVintBL using the following primers: Pstl (SEQ ID NO: 14)
- the ospA gene was PCR amplified from pTRH43 using the primers shown in Fig. 13 (SEQ ID NOS: 10, 11) ("Forward” is ospA 5' primer and "Reverse” is ospA 3 ' primer) .
- the ospB gene was PCR amplified from pTRH46 using the primers shown in Fig. 14 (SEQ ID NOS: 12, 13) ("Forward” is ospB 5' primer and "Reverse” is ospB 3 ' primer) .
- the mixture was allowed to sit for 2 hrs at 37°C and then subjected to benzene/CHI 3 extraction and spin column (G- 505Sephadex) for purification.
- TPA fragments were digested with Pstl/Kpnl as follows:
- VR1012 was digested with Xbal/Pstl as follows:
- VR2211 a mixture containing 1 uL of the VR1012 digested DNA (25 ng) , 5 uL of the digested ospB DNA (150 ng) , 3 uL of the digested TPA DNA, 2 uL NEB Buffer #2, 10 uL NEB Buffer #1, and 1 uL of ligase (Boehringer Mannheim) was prepared. Rapid, 3-way ligations occurred in each of the mixtures, with VR2210 and VR2211 resulting, respectively. Control mixtures without (i) the ospA and TPA DNA and (ii) the ospB and TPA were also prepared.
- control mixtures were set up to test for the number of background clones due to uncut vector. A very low number (less than one-tenth) of clones were detected as a result of these control ligations clearly indicating that the three-way ligations worked efficiently.
- Fig. 15 provides a partial sequence of VR2210 extending from a position 5' to Pstl site to an arbitrary point 3' to the Kpnl site (Kpnl. 231) (through the Pstl site, the TPA leader, the Kpnl site, and into the ospA DNA) (SEQ ID NO: 16) .
- Fig. 16 provides a partial sequence of VR2211 extending from a position 5' to Pstl site to an arbitrary point 3' to the Kpnl site (Kpnl, 266) (through the Pstl site, the TPA leader, the Kpnl site and into the ospB DNA) (SEQ ID NO: 17) .
- ANALYTICAL RESTRICTION DIGEST :
- Figure 7 provides the nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) of the ospA and ospB genes and the predicted amino acid sequences (SEQ ID NO: 18) of OspA and OspB. Numbers above each line refer to amino acid positions, whereas numbers below the sequence refer to nucleotide positions.
- the promoter regions PI and P2 are indicated by horizontal lines. The respective -35 and -10 regions are also shown.
- the ribosomal binding sites (RBS) are shown by a horizontal line and bold lettering.
- a possible stem and loop structure at the end of the ospB sequence is indicated by horizontal broken arrows.
- UM449 cells give a higher level of expression of OspA than BHK cells. Also, there is more OspA in the culture supernatant than in the cell lysate. Therefore, the prokaryotic protein is efficiently transported out of the mammalian cells by a eukaryotic signal peptide sequence (TPA) .
- TPA eukaryotic signal peptide sequence
- VR2211 is a plasmid containing the OspB gene and is used as a negative control on the Western.
- VR2211 5ug was transfected into UM449 human melanoma cells according to the protocol of Feigner et al. (1994), J. Biol. Chem. 269, 2550-2561.
- Supernatants and cell extracts were analyzed for expression of OspB by Western blot using a monoclonal anti-OspB called H68 and by a monoclonal anti-OspB called H6831 (as to the antibodies, reference is made to Barbour et al., Infect. Immun. 1984, 45, 94-100) (Figs. 18A and 18B) with the anti-OspB H68 and H6831 at 1:10 in Blotto.
- H6831 binds to spirochete OspB (strain B31) and to unmodified OspB (in vitro translated) but not to modified OspB (i.e., glycosylated and/or phosphorylated by mammalian cellular machinery) . Possibly the epitope for H6831 is blocked by eukaryotic post-translational modifications.
- VR1020 does not contain a coding sequence for a Borrelia antigen.
- the plasmid and control DNA were diluted in standard saline.
- Three bilateral injections of DNA were given at two week intervals at a dosage of 50 ug/leg into the rectus femoris muscle.
- Sera were collected 12 days after each injection and analyzed by 1) Antibody ELISA and 2) Growth Inhibition of Spirochetes. Titers after the first and third injections (Titer #1, Titer #3) are set forth below.
- mice Two weeks after the last injection, mice were challenged with 10 4 Sh2 spirochetes (same OspA serogroup as B31) injected intradermally in the tail.
- Sh2 is a virulent isolate of the same serogroup as B31.
- Mice were sacrificed 11 days following the challenge.
- Bladder, heart, plasma, and cross-cuttings of the tibiotarsal joints were cultured for 15 days at 34°c in growth medium. Cultures were examined for the presence of spirochetes by phase-contrast microscopy and scored as negative if no spirochetes were seen in 50 high-power fields.
- the antibody ELISA titers for the ten mice administered VR2210 are shown in the following Table. The titers were low after one injection and the group showed considerable variability in their immune response. After the third injection, however, the humoral immune response was uniformly high in 8 out of 10 mice with titers of greater than 1:40,000.
- GROWTH INHIBITORY TITERS Method Strain B31 spirochetes were mixed with an 8-fold dilution of serum and two-fold serially diluted in a 96-well plate. Guinea pig complement was added to each well to lyse the spirochetes which have bound antibody. The plates were covered with plastic seals and incubated for 72 hours at 34°C. Growth in each well was determined by observation of the phenol red indicator in the medium from red to yellow as well as by phase- contrast microscopy. The numbers were the maximal dilution of serum which inhibits spirochete growth in the well.
- inventive composition to elicit a protective response capable of inhibiting spirochete growth demonstrates that the critical immunogenic epitopes on the bacterial protein are conserved when genes encoding these proteins are expressed in mammalian cells.
- native OspA contains a lipid moiety on its N-terminus which has been shown to be a crucial determinant for the immunogenicity of the recombinant protein vaccine made from E . coli .
- the natural OspA leader sequence which contains the lipidation signal has been replaced by the human TPA leader sequence in VR2210. Since this lipidation event is part of a post-translational processing step found uniquely in prokaryotic cells, it is unlikely that the lipid moiety is present on the
- This Example also demonstrates that piasmids encoding OspB, such as VR2211, or another Borrelia antigen, e.g., OspC, or encoding multiple Borrelia antigens, e.g., OspA and OspB and/or OspC, is within the scope of the invention, and are useful.
- this Example demonstrates that the inventive Borrelia burgdorferi antigen DNA composition of the invention is useful for eliciting antibodies which have in vivo and in vitro uses (e.g., protective response; diagnostic, detection or assay purposes) .
- mice 6-10 week old female C3H/HeN mice (Harlan Laboratories, IN) were immunized with plasmid VR2210 or VR1020 (control) diluted in sterile standard saline using a collared 28 G 1/2" (12.7mm) nedle. 50 ⁇ g of plasmid was administered intra ⁇ muscularly into the rectus femoris muscle of each leg in a volume of 0.05 ml composition. Mice were boosted with identical composition on day 14 and day 28.
- mice were challenged with Borrelia burgdorferi Sh-2-82 (Erdile et al., 1993). 10 4 B. burgdorferi Sh-2-82 in 10% v/v BSKII in PBS (pH 7.4) were injected intra-dermally at the base of the tail. This inoculum is 100 times the ID 50 for this strain of B. burdorferi (Erdile et al., 1993). Mice were sacrificed 10 days following challenge. Bladder, heart and cross-cuttings of tibiotarsal joints were aseptically removed and were placed in 6 ml BSKII containing antibiotics. Cultures were incubated at 34°C. After 15 days, organ cultures were examined by phase contrast microscopy for the presence of spirochaetes. Cultures were considered negative if no spirochaetes were seen in 20 high power fields.
- ELISA whole cell ELISAs were carried out as previously described (Sadziene et al., 1991) using high passage B . burgdorferi B31, strain B311 (Sadziene et al., 1995) as the antigen. Serial dilutions of mouse sera were made in 1% w/v dried non-fat milk in PBS (pH 7.4). Secondary antibody was goat anti-mouse IgG+IgM+igA (H+L) conjugated to alkaline phosphatase (Zymed
- GI titers Growth inhibitory titers of the sera from the immunized mice were determined as previously described by Sadziene et al., 1993). Two (2) hemolytic units of unheated guinea pig complement (Calbiochem, CA) was added to each of the wells of the microtiter plate to give a final concentration of lOHU.ml -1 of medium after the addition of antibody. Wells were monitored visually for changes in the color of the phenol red indicator in the medium and by phase contrast microscopy of set mounts of well contents.
- the GI titer was defined as the lowest dilution of antiserum that resulted in pink instead of yellow wells and represented at least 20-fold fewer cells than in wells with no serum added.
- PAGE and immunoblotting PAGE and im unoblot were carried out as described previously (Sadziene et al., 1995). Twenty four micrograms of recombinant lipidated OspA (see Erdile et al. , 1993, USSN 08/373,455) or B. burgdorferi B31 were run on preparative polyacrylamide gels and were then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. Immunoblots were dried and stored at 4°C until needed.
- the Table also shows the reciprocal geometric mean ELISA titers of the sera from the VR2210-immunized mice when IP-90 (B. garinii ) and ACA-I (B. afzelli ) were used as antigen (sera are from the bleed taken 2 days before challenge) .
- Fig. 19 is an immunoblot of Borrelia burgdorferi rOspA probed with sera from mice immunized with either plasmid VR2210 (ospA) or VR1020. Sera were diluted 1:100.
- the positive control (+) was H5332 (anti- OspA) monoclonal hybridoma supernatant, diluted 1:10.
- the immunization was repeated with the plasmid construct VR2211, containing the ospB of Borrelia burgdorferi B31. An additional boost of this plasmid was given two weeks after the second boost.
- compositions of the invention are useful for eliciting an in vivo response, which response can be protective against infection (and ergo against Lyme Disease) ; and, that the compositions of the invention are useful for merely eliciting antibo ⁇ ies, which by themselves are useful (e.g., for diagnostic, detection or assay purposes) .
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EP97926863A EP1006796A4 (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1997-06-03 | Compositions and methods for administering borrelia dna |
AU31523/97A AU722088B2 (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1997-06-03 | Compositions and methods for administering BORRELIA DNA |
IL12754597A IL127545A0 (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1997-06-03 | Compositions and methods for administering borrelia DNA |
JP50165498A JP2001503245A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1997-06-03 | Compositions and methods for administering Borrelia DNA |
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WO (1) | WO1997047197A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US5846946A (en) | 1998-12-08 |
ZA975211B (en) | 1998-01-05 |
IL127545A0 (en) | 1999-10-28 |
AU3152397A (en) | 1998-01-01 |
EP1006796A1 (en) | 2000-06-14 |
NO985788L (en) | 1999-02-15 |
NO985788D0 (en) | 1998-12-10 |
US6451769B1 (en) | 2002-09-17 |
EP1006796A4 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
AU722088B2 (en) | 2000-07-20 |
CA2258016A1 (en) | 1997-12-18 |
JP2001503245A (en) | 2001-03-13 |
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