WO1997044406A1 - Universal absorption material - Google Patents

Universal absorption material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997044406A1
WO1997044406A1 PCT/SK1997/000005 SK9700005W WO9744406A1 WO 1997044406 A1 WO1997044406 A1 WO 1997044406A1 SK 9700005 W SK9700005 W SK 9700005W WO 9744406 A1 WO9744406 A1 WO 9744406A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
absorption material
gum
universal
universal absorption
substances
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SK1997/000005
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Tomás^¿ JANC^¿A
Original Assignee
Skalík, Richard
KARAS, Tomás^¿
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Skalík, Richard, KARAS, Tomás^¿ filed Critical Skalík, Richard
Publication of WO1997044406A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997044406A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat

Definitions

  • the technical solution relates to a universal absorp ⁇ tion material for fast and effective disposal of earth oil, oi ] and other absorbable substances from work or free areas, road and reinforced communications, from water sur ⁇ faces, reservoirs and other surfaces, polluted by these products.
  • Its absorbing ability can be characterized in that 1 kg of the mineral sorbent can absorb ca 0.8 litres of oil or 1.6 litres of the mixture earth oil-petrol. After saturation by the absorbed substances from surfaces, floors or road communications it is very slippery, and dangerous for foot-passengers or crossing vehicles. Disposal of the satu ⁇ rated mineral sorbent is demanding, and a great amount of ash parts is arising at its combustion.
  • a further sorbing material for this purpose comprises synthetic textiles, characterized by low absorption and high purchase price.
  • the universal absorption material prepared according to principles of a mechanically disintegrated gum vulcanized matter having grain fineness (
  • grain fineness represents the size of ground gum par ⁇ ticles, able to pass a sieve with given square mesh ) of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably of 0.1 to 0.7 mm.
  • the gum matter is gradually mechanically refined at conventional tempera ⁇ tures in a unified grinding line. It is characterized by a large absorption surface.
  • the universal absorption material con ⁇ sists in its ability to absorb all natural and synthetic oily substances, all petrol substances, low-polar orga ⁇ nic liquids, free hydrocarbons .
  • the universal absorption ma ⁇ terial is stable, non-toxic, it is non-contaminating and is not slippery, it is hydrophobic, it floats on water surfa ⁇ ces, even after use.
  • the loading component compri ⁇ ses ground mineral substances.
  • the modifying agent may comprise, for example, pure carbon, contained in microground carbon black.
  • the absorption effect can be increased also by adding short microground synthetic fibers having the length of up to 1.5 mm.
  • Vulcanized gum matter for example used gum parts, mainly tyres, are gradually disintegrated and refined at conventional temperatures in a unified grinding line up to the grain fineness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably of 0.1 to 0.7 mm.
  • Next example of an embodiment comprises adding of 10 to 30 weight per cent of a ground mineral substance, for example of l ight-weight natural silicates, and its mixing with the universal absorption material according to Example 1.
  • the ground mineral substance acts as a loading component, when manipulating the mixture on polluted fixed areas like, for example, communications, floors, tables, and it has no fundamental effect on the amount of absorbed substance.
  • a further variant of an embodiment consists in the use of microground carbon black with the amount of 0.1 to 5 weight per cent of the modifying agent to increase the effect of the universal absorption material. Adding of 1 to 3 weight per cent of microground carbon black having size of up to 0.5 mm in the course of the process of mechanical grinding and refining of the gum particles results in bon ⁇ ding of particles of carbon black to the disintegrated sur ⁇ face of the gum granules.
  • the gum granules, modified in this way and representing the universal absorption material have an increased absorption capacity, which is 10 to 25 % higher.
  • the universal absorption material remains loose, it does not form agglomerates of gum particles, anchored mecha ⁇ nically one to the other.
  • An increase of the effect of the universal absorp ⁇ tion material can be achieved also by adding of short mic ⁇ roground synthetic fibers of polyamide, viscose, etc. , ha ⁇ ving length of up to 1.5 mm, in the amount of up to 5 weight per cent. This increases the absorption capacity by up to 6.4 %. Simultaneously, contacting the absorbed substance with its own sorbent is accelerated, preventing running-off of the absorbed substance of larger particles of the univer ⁇ sal absorption material .
  • the universal absorption material either pure or con ⁇ taining a loading component, is uniformly distributed onto the polluted surface in a layer with the thickness of about 1 cm. Vith occasional intermixing of the layer, gradual ab ⁇ sorption and cleaning of the surface is achieved. In the case of frequent passing of foot-passengers or crossing of vehicles over the surface the universal absorption material is allowed to react for 2 hours. Afterwards, the universal absorption material used is enclosed back into containers. The absorbed substances cannot be recovered from the univer ⁇ sal absorption material by a usual manipulation. The univer- sal absorption material can be repeatedly used until fully saturated .
  • the universal absorption material will be again uni ⁇ formly distributed onto the water surface. Absorption and bonding of the substances to be disposed encounters immedia ⁇ tely. In the case of using at standing water the water surface will be moderately intermixed and the effect will be observable in a few minutes. The action of flowing water or of sea waves accelerates the absorption. After re ⁇ moving the universal absorption material from the water sur ⁇ face it will be inserted back into containers.
  • the universal absorption material according to the uti ⁇ lity model has a great number of advantages. It is produced by an ecological disposal of, for example, used gum parts, mainly tyres. It has high sorptive capacity, higher than that of absorption materials, used so far.
  • the universal absorption material can be used to dispose the above given substances in all areas, where they are used, i.e. in the automobile industry, waterborne trans ⁇ port, railway transport, road transport and air transport, management of water supplies and waste, fire-fighting and military technology, civil defence, pumping stations, oil industry, ecological disasters, etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

A universal absorption material for disposal of earth oil, oil and other absorbable substances. This material contains mechanically disintegrated gum vulcanized matter having grain fineness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably of 0.1 to 0.7 mm.

Description

Universal absorption material
Technical Field
The technical solution relates to a universal absorp¬ tion material for fast and effective disposal of earth oil, oi ] and other absorbable substances from work or free areas, road and reinforced communications, from water sur¬ faces, reservoirs and other surfaces, polluted by these products.
Background Art
So far, loose mineral ground, very dusty material has been used in industrial practice, in fire-fighting and in rescue practice.
Its absorbing ability can be characterized in that 1 kg of the mineral sorbent can absorb ca 0.8 litres of oil or 1.6 litres of the mixture earth oil-petrol. After saturation by the absorbed substances from surfaces, floors or road communications it is very slippery, and dangerous for foot-passengers or crossing vehicles. Disposal of the satu¬ rated mineral sorbent is demanding, and a great amount of ash parts is arising at its combustion.
A further sorbing material for this purpose comprises synthetic textiles, characterized by low absorption and high purchase price.
Disclosure of the Technical Solution
Disadvantages of the background art are essentially eliminated by the universal absorption material, prepared according to principles of a mechanically disintegrated gum vulcanized matter having grain fineness ( The term "grain fineness" represents the size of ground gum par¬ ticles, able to pass a sieve with given square mesh ) of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably of 0.1 to 0.7 mm. The gum matter is gradually mechanically refined at conventional tempera¬ tures in a unified grinding line. It is characterized by a large absorption surface.
Mechanically disintegrated rubber chain with many functional bonds enables, after a fast surface absorption, subsequent penetration of the sorbed substance into the disintegrated gum matter and thereby its absorption and strong fixed anchoring.
An advantage of the universal absorption material con¬ sists in its ability to absorb all natural and synthetic oily substances, all petrol substances, low-polar orga¬ nic liquids, free hydrocarbons . The universal absorption ma¬ terial is stable, non-toxic, it is non-contaminating and is not slippery, it is hydrophobic, it floats on water surfa¬ ces, even after use.
If intended for use on work areas, road communications, bases or on the ground, it is intermixed with loa¬ ding components with the proportion of 10 to 30 weight per cent of the loading component. The loading component compri¬ ses ground mineral substances.
To increase the effect of the universal absorption ma¬ terial it is possible to modify its surface by modifying agents, being added in the course of the actual mechanical grinding, when the modifying agent is bonding to the disintegrated rubber chains. The modifying agent may comprise, for example, pure carbon, contained in microground carbon black. The absorption effect can be increased also by adding short microground synthetic fibers having the length of up to 1.5 mm.
Examples of Embodiments
1. Vulcanized gum matter, for example used gum parts, mainly tyres, are gradually disintegrated and refined at conventional temperatures in a unified grinding line up to the grain fineness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably of 0.1 to 0.7 mm. 2. Next example of an embodiment comprises adding of 10 to 30 weight per cent of a ground mineral substance, for example of l ight-weight natural silicates, and its mixing with the universal absorption material according to Example 1. The ground mineral substance acts as a loading component, when manipulating the mixture on polluted fixed areas like, for example, communications, floors, tables, and it has no fundamental effect on the amount of absorbed substance.
3. A further variant of an embodiment consists in the use of microground carbon black with the amount of 0.1 to 5 weight per cent of the modifying agent to increase the effect of the universal absorption material. Adding of 1 to 3 weight per cent of microground carbon black having size of up to 0.5 mm in the course of the process of mechanical grinding and refining of the gum particles results in bon¬ ding of particles of carbon black to the disintegrated sur¬ face of the gum granules. The gum granules, modified in this way and representing the universal absorption material, have an increased absorption capacity, which is 10 to 25 % higher. The universal absorption material remains loose, it does not form agglomerates of gum particles, anchored mecha¬ nically one to the other.
Table of measurements:
Figure imgf000005_0001
4. An increase of the effect of the universal absorp¬ tion material can be achieved also by adding of short mic¬ roground synthetic fibers of polyamide, viscose, etc. , ha¬ ving length of up to 1.5 mm, in the amount of up to 5 weight per cent. This increases the absorption capacity by up to 6.4 %. Simultaneously, contacting the absorbed substance with its own sorbent is accelerated, preventing running-off of the absorbed substance of larger particles of the univer¬ sal absorption material .
Table of measurements:
Figure imgf000006_0001
Application of the universal absorption material:
Onto a fixed background:
The universal absorption material , either pure or con¬ taining a loading component, is uniformly distributed onto the polluted surface in a layer with the thickness of about 1 cm. Vith occasional intermixing of the layer, gradual ab¬ sorption and cleaning of the surface is achieved. In the case of frequent passing of foot-passengers or crossing of vehicles over the surface the universal absorption material is allowed to react for 2 hours. Afterwards, the universal absorption material used is enclosed back into containers. The absorbed substances cannot be recovered from the univer¬ sal absorption material by a usual manipulation. The univer- sal absorption material can be repeatedly used until fully saturated .
Onto water surfaces:
The universal absorption material will be again uni¬ formly distributed onto the water surface. Absorption and bonding of the substances to be disposed encounters immedia¬ tely. In the case of using at standing water the water surface will be moderately intermixed and the effect will be observable in a few minutes. The action of flowing water or of sea waves accelerates the absorption. After re¬ moving the universal absorption material from the water sur¬ face it will be inserted back into containers.
The above given examples are only of an illustrative character and they do not describe all variants and advan¬ tages of the universal absorption material exhaustively.
The universal absorption material according to the uti¬ lity model has a great number of advantages. It is produced by an ecological disposal of, for example, used gum parts, mainly tyres. It has high sorptive capacity, higher than that of absorption materials, used so far.
To facilitate the use of the universal absorption mate¬ rial it is possible to enclose it into suitable products, for example into absorbent floating pillows, absorbent walls, absorbent rags?? and carpets, and other useful pro¬ ducts. Collection of the material after its application and its disposal by incineration in high-temperature furnaces and boilers presents no ecological complications.
Industrial Applicability
The universal absorption material can be used to dispose the above given substances in all areas, where they are used, i.e. in the automobile industry, waterborne trans¬ port, railway transport, road transport and air transport, management of water supplies and waste, fire-fighting and military technology, civil defence, pumping stations, oil industry, ecological disasters, etc.

Claims

C L A I M S
1. A universal absorption material for disposal of earth oil , oil and other absorbable substances, characte¬ rized in that it contains mechanically disintegrated gum vulcanized matter having grain fineness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably of 0.1 to 0.7 mm.
2. A universal absorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that the gum vulcanized matter is mixed with loading substances like, for example, ground mineral substances with the proportion of 10 to 30 weight per cent of the loading substance, referred to the whole natter.
3. A universal absorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that its surface has been modified in the course of production by additives, for example by pure carbon, contained in microground carbon black in the amount of 0.1 to 5 weight per cent, referred to the whole weight of the gum vulcanized matter, with the aim of increasing the absorbing effectiveness.
4. A universal absorption material according to claim 1 , characterized in that the gum vulcanized matter is mixed with 0.1 to 5 weight per cent of short microground synthetic fibers having the length of up to 1.5 mm, with the aim of increasing the absorbing effectiveness.
PCT/SK1997/000005 1996-05-17 1997-05-15 Universal absorption material WO1997044406A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZPUV5337-96 1996-05-17
CZ533796 1996-05-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997044406A1 true WO1997044406A1 (en) 1997-11-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) IT1298399B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997044406A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1055440A3 (en) * 1999-05-27 2001-02-14 PKU Pulverkautschuk Union GmbH Method for adsorbing organic compounds and pulverized rubber adsorbent
CN102391838A (en) * 2011-08-10 2012-03-28 辽宁大学 Botanical additive for preventing edible extraction of drainage oil and preparation method thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2338235A1 (en) * 1972-07-29 1974-02-14 Nittan Co Ltd METHODS FOR REMOVING OIL FROM WATER SURFACES
WO1991005738A1 (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-05-02 Atlasz Marketing, Szolga^`/Ltato^`/És Közvetito^'kisszövetkezet Process and device for removing oily impurities from water
DE4007695A1 (en) * 1990-03-10 1991-09-12 Eugen Jaeger Fa Adsorbent and binder comprising comminuted rubber, esp. scrap tyres - for removing oil from water, sludge or soil
DE4136647A1 (en) * 1991-06-22 1992-12-24 Clouth Gummiwerke Ag ABSORPTION MAT, ESPECIALLY FOR ORGANIC HYDROCARBONS
CH681626A5 (en) * 1991-02-26 1993-04-30 Alexandra Bartsch Adsorbing and/or absorbing oil from water - using foamed rubber particles made from old tyres
JPH0834020A (en) * 1994-07-21 1996-02-06 Kyushu Gomme Kizai Kk Powdered rubber having many hollow parts and its production, powdered rubber and its production, adsorbent of oil and solvent

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2338235A1 (en) * 1972-07-29 1974-02-14 Nittan Co Ltd METHODS FOR REMOVING OIL FROM WATER SURFACES
WO1991005738A1 (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-05-02 Atlasz Marketing, Szolga^`/Ltato^`/És Közvetito^'kisszövetkezet Process and device for removing oily impurities from water
DE4007695A1 (en) * 1990-03-10 1991-09-12 Eugen Jaeger Fa Adsorbent and binder comprising comminuted rubber, esp. scrap tyres - for removing oil from water, sludge or soil
CH681626A5 (en) * 1991-02-26 1993-04-30 Alexandra Bartsch Adsorbing and/or absorbing oil from water - using foamed rubber particles made from old tyres
DE4136647A1 (en) * 1991-06-22 1992-12-24 Clouth Gummiwerke Ag ABSORPTION MAT, ESPECIALLY FOR ORGANIC HYDROCARBONS
JPH0834020A (en) * 1994-07-21 1996-02-06 Kyushu Gomme Kizai Kk Powdered rubber having many hollow parts and its production, powdered rubber and its production, adsorbent of oil and solvent

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 96, no. 6 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1055440A3 (en) * 1999-05-27 2001-02-14 PKU Pulverkautschuk Union GmbH Method for adsorbing organic compounds and pulverized rubber adsorbent
CN102391838A (en) * 2011-08-10 2012-03-28 辽宁大学 Botanical additive for preventing edible extraction of drainage oil and preparation method thereof
CN102391838B (en) * 2011-08-10 2013-11-20 辽宁大学 Botanical additive for preventing edible extraction of drainage oil and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO970415A0 (en) 1997-05-16
IT1298399B1 (en) 2000-01-05
ITTO970415A1 (en) 1998-11-16

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